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Introduction :: MOROCCO
Geography :: MOROCCO
AFRICA : : MOROCCO
Background:In 788, about a century af ter the A rab conques t of Nor th A f r ica, a ser ies of Moroccan Mus lim dynas tiesbegan to rule in Morocco. In the 16th century, the Sa'adi monarchy, par t icular ly under Ahmad alMANSUR(15781603) , repelled f oreign invaders and inaugurated a golden age. The A laouite Dynas ty, to w hich thecur rent Moroccan royal f amily belongs , dates f rom the 17th century. In 1860, Spain occupied nor thernMorocco and ushered in a half century of trade r ivalry among European pow ers that saw Morocco'ssovereignty s teadily erode; in 1912, the French imposed a protec torate over the country. A protrac tedindependence s truggle w ith France ended success f ully in 1956. The internationalized c ity of Tangier andmos t Spanish possess ions w ere turned over to the new country that same year. Sultan MOHAMMED V, thecur rent monarch's grandf ather, organized the new s tate as a cons titutional monarchy and in 1957assumed the t it le of king. Since Spain's 1976 w ithdraw al f rom w hat is today called Wes tern Sahara,Morocco has ex tended its de f ac to adminis trative control to roughly 80% of this ter r itory ; how ever, the UNdoes not recognize Morocco as the adminis ter ing pow er f or Wes tern Sahara. The UN s ince 1991 hasmonitored a cease f ire betw een Morocco and the Polisar io Front Wes tern Sahara's liberation movement and leads ongoing negotiations over the s tatus of the ter r itory.King MOHAMMED V I in ear ly 2011 responded to the spread of prodemoc racy protes ts in the region byimplementing a ref orm program that inc luded a new cons titution, passed by popular ref erendum in July2011, under w hich some new pow ers w ere ex tended to par liament and the pr ime minis ter but ult imateauthor ity remains in the hands of the monarch. In November 2011, the Jus tice and Development Par ty amoderate Is lamis t par ty w on the larges t number of seats in par liamentary elec tions , becoming the f ir s tIs lamis t par ty to lead the Moroccan Government. In September 2015, Morocco held its f ir s t ever direc telec tions f or regional counc ils , one of the ref orms inc luded in the 2011 cons titution. Nationw idepar liamentary elec tions are scheduled f or Oc tober 2016.
Location:Nor thern A f r ica, border ing the Nor th A tlantic Ocean and the Mediter ranean Sea, betw een A lger ia andWes tern SaharaGeographic coordinates:32 00 N, 5 00 WMap re ferences:A f r icaArea:
total: 446,550 sq kmland: 446,300 sq kmw ate r : 250 sq kmcountr y com par is on to the w or ld: 58Area comparative :s lightly more than three t imes the s ize of New York; s lightly larger than Calif orniaLand boundaries:
total: 2,362.5 km
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People and Socie ty :: MOROCCO
borde r countr ie s (3) : A lger ia 1,900 km, Wes tern Sahara 444 km, Spain (Ceuta) 8 km, Spain (Melilla) 10.5kmnote : an addit ional 75meter border segment ex is ts betw een Morocco and the Spanish exc lave of Penonde Velez de la GomeraCoastline :1,835 kmMaritime c la ims:
te r r itor ial s e a: 12 nmcont iguous zone : 24 nme xclus ive e conom ic zone : 200 nmcont ine ntal s he lf : 200m depth or to the depth of exploitationClimate :Mediter ranean, becoming more ex treme in the inter iorTerra in:mountainous nor thern coas t (Rif Mountains ) and inter ior (A tlas Mountains ) bordered by large plateaus w ithintermontane valleys , and f er t ile coas tal plainsElevation:
mean e le vat ion: 909 me le vat ion e xtr em es : low es t point: Sebkha Tah 55 mhighes t point: Jebel Toubkal 4,165 mNatura l resources:phosphates , iron ore, manganese, lead, z inc , f ish, saltLand use:
agr icultur al land: 67.5%arable land 17.5%; permanent c rops 2.9%; permanent pas ture 47.1%for e s t : 11.5%othe r : 21% (2011 es t.)Irr igated land:14,850 sq km (2012)Tota l renewable water resources:29 cu km (2011)Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industr ia l/agr icultura l):
total: 12.61 cu km/y r (12%/4%/84%)pe r capita: 428.1 cu m/y r (2005)Natura l hazards:nor thern mountains geologically uns table and subjec t to ear thquakes ; per iodic droughtsEnv ironment current issues:land degradation/deser tif ication (soil eros ion result ing f rom f arming of marginal areas , overgraz ing,des truc tion of vegetation) ; w ater supplies contaminated by raw sew age; s iltat ion of reservoirs ; oilpollution of coas tal w atersEnv ironment internationa l agreements:
par ty to: Biodivers ity, Climate Change, Climate ChangeKyoto Protocol, Deser tif ication, EndangeredSpec ies , Hazardous Was tes , Law of the Sea, Mar ine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protec tion, Ship Pollution,Wetlands , Whalings igned, but not r at if ie d: Env ironmental Modif icationGeography note :s trategic location along Strait of Gibraltar ; the only A f r ican nation to have both A tlantic and Mediter raneancoas tlines
Nationa lity :noun: Moroccan(s )adje ct ive : MoroccanEthnic groups:A rabBerber 99%, other 1%Languages:A rabic (of f ic ial) , Berber languages (Tamaz ight (of f ic ial) , Tachelhit, Tar if it) , French (of ten the language ofbus iness , government, and diplomacy )Religions:Mus lim 99% (of f ic ial; v ir tually all Sunni, <0.1% Shia) , other 1% ( inc ludes Chr is t ian, Jew ish, and Baha'i) ;note Jew ish about 6,000 (2010 es t.)Population:33,322,699 (July 2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 40
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Age structure :014 ye ar s : 26.41% (male 4,469,461/f emale 4,330,904)1524 ye ar s : 17.42% (male 2,886,637/f emale 2,919,324)2554 ye ar s : 42.13% (male 6,788,601/f emale 7,249,887)5564 ye ar s : 7.6% (male 1,262,634/f emale 1,271,492)65 ye ar s and ove r : 6.43% (male 964,900/f emale 1,178,859) (2015 es t.)Dependency ratios:
total de pendency r at io: 50.1%youth dependency r at io: 40.9%e lde r ly de pendency r at io: 9.3%pote nt ial s uppor t r at io: 10.8% (2015 es t.)Median age:
total: 28.5 yearsmale : 27.9 yearsfem ale : 29.1 years (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 125Population growth rate :1% (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 117Birth rate :18.2 bir ths /1,000 population (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 101Death rate :4.81 deaths /1,000 population (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 194Net migration rate :3.36 migrant(s ) /1,000 population (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 185Urbanization:
urban populat ion: 60.2% of total population (2015)r ate of urbanizat ion: 2.26% annual rate of change (201015 es t.)Major urban areas population:Casablanca 3.515 million; RABAT (capital) 1.967 million; Fes 1.172 million; Mar rakech 1.134 million; Tangier982,000 (2015)Sex ratio:
at b ir th: 1.05 male(s ) /f emale014 ye ar s : 1.03 male(s ) /f emale1524 ye ar s : 0.99 male(s ) /f emale2554 ye ar s : 0.94 male(s ) /f emale5564 ye ar s : 0.99 male(s ) /f emale65 ye ar s and ove r : 0.82 male(s ) /f emaletotal populat ion: 0.97 male(s ) /f emale (2015 es t.)Materna l morta lity rate :121 deaths /100,000 live bir ths (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 70Infant morta lity rate :
total: 23.6 deaths /1,000 live bir thsmale : 27.92 deaths /1,000 live bir thsfem ale : 19.05 deaths /1,000 live bir ths (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 75Life expectancy at birth:
total populat ion: 76.71 yearsmale : 73.64 yearsfem ale : 79.94 years (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 79Tota l fertil ity rate :2.13 children born/w oman (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 104Contraceptive preva lence rate :67.4% (2010/11)Health expenditures:5.9% of GDP (2014)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 101Physic ians density :0.62 phys ic ians /1,000 population (2009)
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Government :: MOROCCO
Hospita l bed density :0.9 beds /1,000 population (2012)Drink ing water source :
im proved:urban: 98.7% of populationrural: 65.3% of populationtotal: 85.4% of populationunim proved:urban: 1.3% of populationrural: 34.7% of populationtotal: 14.6% of population (2015 es t.)Sanitation fac il ity access:
im proved:urban: 84.1% of populationrural: 65.5% of populationtotal: 76.7% of populationunim proved:urban: 15.9% of populationrural: 34.5% of populationtotal: 23.3% of population (2015 es t.)HIV/AIDS adult preva lence rate :0.14% (2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 107HIV/AIDS people l iv ing with HIV/AIDS:28,700 (2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 73HIV/AIDS deaths:1,100 (2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 65Obesity adult preva lence rate :21.7% (2014)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 114Children under the age of 5 years underweight:3.1% (2011)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 113Education expenditures:5.3% of GDP (2009)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 59Literacy :
de f in it ion: age 15 and over can read and w r itetotal populat ion: 68.5%male : 78.6%fem ale : 58.8% (2015 es t.)School l ife expectancy (pr imary to tertiary education):
total: 12 yearsmale : 13 yearsfem ale : 12 years (2012)Child labor children ages 514:
total num be r : 500,960pe rcentage : 8% (2007 es t.)Unemployment, youth ages 1524:
total: 19.1%male : 19.4%fem ale : 18.2% (2013 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 60
Country name:convent ional long form : Kingdom of Moroccoconvent ional s hor t form : Moroccolocal long form : A l Mamlakah al Maghr ibiyahlocal s hor t form : A l Maghr ibnote : the English name "Morocco" der ives f rom, respec tively, the Spanish and Por tuguese names"Mar ruecos " and "Mar rocos ," w hich s tem f rom "Mar rakesh" the Latin name f or the f ormer capital of anc ient
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Morocco; the A rabic name "A l Maghr ib" trans lates as "The Wes t"Government type:par liamentary cons titutional monarchyCapita l:
nam e : Rabatgeographic coordinate s : 34 01 N, 6 49 Wt im e dif fe r e nce : UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, dur ing Standard Time)daylight s aving t im e : +1 hr, begins las t Sunday in Apr il; ends las t Sunday in SeptemberAdministrative div is ions:11 regions ( recognized) ; Beni MellalKhenif ra, CasablancaSettat, DraaTaf ilalet, Fes Meknes , GuelmimOued Noun, LaayouneSakia al Hamra, Or iental, Mar rakechSaf i, RabatSaleKenitra, Souss Massa,Tanger TetouanA l Hoceimanote : Morocco c laims the ter r itory of Wes tern Sahara, the polit ical s tatus of w hich is cons ideredundetermined by the US Government; por t ions of the regions GuelmimOued Noun and LaayouneSakia alHamra as c laimed by Morocco lie w ithin Wes tern Sahara; Morocco also c laims a 12th region, DakhlaOued edDahab, that f alls entirely w ithin Wes tern SaharaIndependence:2 March 1956 ( f rom France)Nationa l holiday :Throne Day (access ion of King MOHAMMED V I to the throne) , 30 July (1999)Constitution:several prev ious ; lates t draf ted 17 June 2011, approved by ref erendum 1 July 2011; note sourcesdisagree on w hether the 2011 ref erendum w as f or a new cons titution or f or ref orms to the prev iouscons titution (2016)Legal system:mixed legal sys tem of c iv il law based on French law and Is lamic law ; judic ial rev iew of legis lative ac ts byCons titutional Cour tInternationa l law organization partic ipation:has not submitted an ICJ jur isdic tion dec laration; nonpar ty s tate to the ICCtCitizenship:
cit ize nship by bir th: nocit ize nship by de s cent only: the f ather mus t be a c it izen of Morocco; if the f ather is unknow n ors tateless , the mother mus t be a c it izendual cit ize nship r e cognize d: yesr e s ide ncy r e quir em ent for natur alizat ion: 5 yearsSuffrage:18 years of age; universalExecutive branch:
chie f of s tate : King MOHAMMED V I (s ince 30 July 1999)he ad of gove rnm ent: Pr ime Minis ter Abdelillah BENKIRANE (s ince 29 November 2011)cabine t : Counc il of Minis ters chosen by the pr ime minis ter in consultation w ith Par liament and appointedby the monarche le ct ions /appointm ents : the monarchy is hereditary ; pr ime minis ter appointed by the monarch f rom themajor ity par ty f ollow ing legis lative elec tionsLegis lative branch:
de s cr ipt ion: bicameral Par liament cons is ts of the Chamber of Adv isors (120 seats ; members indirec tlyelec ted by an elec toral college of local counc ils , prof ess ional organizations , and labor unions ; membersserve 6year terms ) and the Chamber of Representatives (395 seats ; 305 members direc tly elec ted in mult iseat cons tituenc ies by propor tional representation vote and 90 direc tly elec ted in a s ingle nationw idecons tituency by propor tional representation vote; members serve 5year terms ) ; note in the nationalcons tituency, 60 seats are reserved f or w omen and 30 reserved f or those under age 40e le ct ions : Chamber of Adv isors las t held on 2 Oc tober 2015 (nex t to be held in f all 2021) ; Chamber ofRepresentatives las t held on 25 November 2011 (nex t to be held on 7 Oc tober 2016)e le ct ion r e s ults : Chamber of Adv isors percent of vote by par ty NA ; seats by par ty NA ; Chamber ofRepresentatives percent of vote by par ty NA ; seats by par ty PJD 107, PI 60, RNI 52, PAM 47, USFP 39,MP 32, UC 23, PPS 18, other 17Judic ia l branch:
highe s t cour t (s ) : Supreme Cour t or Cour t of Cassation (cons is ts of 5 judge panels organized into c iv il,f amily matters , commerc ial, adminis trative, soc ial, and c r iminal sec tions ) ; Cons titutional Cour t (cons is ts of12 members )judge s e le ct ion and te rm of of f ice : Supreme Cour t judges appointed by the Super ior Counc il ofJudic ial Pow er, a 20member body pres ided by the monarch and inc luding the Supreme Cour t pres ident, theprosecutor general, representatives of the appeals and f ir s t ins tance cour ts among them 1 w omanmagis trate, the pres ident of the National Counc il of the Rights of Man, and 5 "notable persons " appointed bythe monarch; judges appointed f or lif e; Cons titutional Cour t members 6 des ignated by the monarch and 6
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elec ted by Par liament; cour t pres ident appointed by the monarch f rom among the cour t members ; membersserve 9year non renew able termssubordinate cour ts : cour ts of appeal; High Cour t of Jus tice; adminis trative and commerc ial cour ts ;regional and sadad cour ts ( f or religious , c iv il and adminis trative, and penal adjudication) ; f ir s t ins tancecour tsPolitica l parties and leaders:Ac tion Par ty or PA [Mohammed EL IDRISSI]Amal (hope) Par ty [Mohamed BANI]AnNahj AdDimoc rati or AnNahj [Mus tapha BRAHMA ]Authentic ity and Modernity Par ty or PAM [Ilyas EL OMARI]Choura et Is t iqlal (Consultation and Independence) Par ty or PCI [Abdelw ahed MAACH]Cons titutional Union Par ty or UC [Mohamed SAJID]Democ ratic and Soc ial Movement or MDS [Abdessamad ARCHANE]Democ ratic Forces Front or FFD [Mus tapha BENALI]Democ ratic Oath Par ty or SD [Najib EL OUAZZANI]Democ ratic Soc ialis t Vanguard Par ty or PADS [Abder rahman BENAMROU]Democ ratic Soc iety Par ty [Zhour CHAKKAFI]Env ironment and Development Par ty or PED [Kar im HRITAN]Green Lef t Par ty [Mohamed FARES]Is tiqlal ( Independence) Par ty or PI [Hamid CHABAT]Itt ihadi National Congress or CNI [Abdesalam EL AZIZ]Labor Par ty or PT [Abdelkr im BENATIK]Moroccan Liberal Par ty or PML [Mohammed ZIANE]Moroccan Union f or Democ racy or UMD [Jamal MANDRI]National Rally of Independents or RNI [Salaheddine MEZOUAR]NeoDemoc rats Par ty [Mohamed DARIF]Par ty of Cit izen Forces or PFC [Abder rahim LAHJOUJI]Par ty of Development Ref orm or PRD [Abder rahmane EL KOHEN]Par ty of Jus tice and Development or PJD [Abdelillah BENKIRANE]Par ty of Liber ty and Soc ial Jus tice [Miloud MOUSSAOUI]Popular Movement or MP [Mohand LAENSER]Progress and Soc ialism Par ty or PPS [Nabil BENABDELLAH]Renaissance and V ir tue Par ty [Mohamed KHALIDI]Renaissance Par ty [Said EL GHENNIOUI]Renew al and Equity Par ty or PRE [Chakir ACHEHABAR]Shoura (consultation) and Is t iqlal Par ty [Ahmed BELGHAZI]Soc ial Center Par ty or PCS [Lahcen MADIH]Soc ialis t Par ty [Abdelmajid BOUZOUBAA ]Soc ialis t Union of Popular Forces or USFP [Dr iss LACHGAR]Unif ied Soc ialis t Par ty or GSU [Nabila MOUNIB]Unity and Democ racy Par ty [Ahmed FITRI]Politica l pressure groups and leaders:Democ ratic Conf ederation of Labor or CDT [Noubir EL AMAOUI]General Union of Moroccan Workers or UGTM [Mohamed KAFI CHERRAT]Jus tice and Char ity Organization or JCO [Mohammed ben Abdess lam ABBADI]Moroccan Employers Assoc iation or CGEM [Mir iem BENSALAHCHAQROUN]National Labor Union of Morocco or UNMT [Mohamed YATIM]Union of Moroccan Workers or UMT [Miloudi EL MOUKHARIK]Internationa l organization partic ipation:ABEDA , A f DB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, CAEU, CD, EBRD, FAO, G11, G77, IAEA , IBRD, ICAO, ICC (nationalcommittees ) , ICRM, IDA , IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO,ITU, ITUC (NGOs) , LAS, MIGA , MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer ) , OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (par tner ) , Pac if icA lliance (observer ) , Par is Club (assoc iate) , PCA , SICA (observer ) , UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO,UNOCI, UNSC ( temporary ) , UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTODiplomatic representation in the US:
chie f of m is s ion: Ambassador Mohammed Rachad BOUHLAL (s ince 22 December 2011)chance r y: 1601 21s t Street NW, Washington, DC 20009te le phone : [1] (202) 4627980FAX: [1] (202) 4627643consulate (s ) ge ne r al: New YorkDiplomatic representation from the US:
chie f of m is s ion: Ambassador Dw ight L. BUSH, Sr. (s ince 8 Apr il 2014)em bas s y: Km 5.7 Avenue Mohammed V I, Souiss i, Rabatmailing addr e s s : Unit 9400, Box Front Of f ice, DPO, AE 09718te le phone : [212] 537 63 7777
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Economy :: MOROCCO
FAX: [212] 537 63 7201consulate (s ) ge ne r al: CasablancaF lag descr iption:red w ith a green pentac le ( f ivepointed, linear s tar ) know n as Sulayman's (Solomon's ) seal in the centerof the f lag; red and green are tradit ional colors in A rab f lags , although the use of red is more commonlyassoc iated w ith the A rab s tates of the Pers ian Gulf ; the pentac le represents the f ive pillars of Is lam ands ignif ies the assoc iation betw een God and the nation; des ign dates to 1912Nationa l symbol(s):pentac le symbol, lion; national colors : red, greenNationa l anthem:
nam e : "Hymne Cher if ien" (Hymn of the Shar if )lyr ics /m us ic: A li Squalli HOUSSA INI/Leo MORGANnote : mus ic adopted 1956, ly r ic s adopted 1970
Economy overv iew:Morocco has capitalized on its prox imity to Europe and relatively low labor cos ts to w ork tow ards buildinga diverse, open, marketor iented economy. Key sec tors of the economy inc lude agr iculture, tour ism,aerospace, automotive, phosphates , tex tiles , apparel, and subcomponents . Morocco has inc reasedinves tment in its por t, transpor tation, and indus tr ial inf ras truc ture to pos it ion itself as a center and brokerf or bus iness throughout A f r ica. Indus tr ial development s trategies and inf ras truc ture improvements mos tv is ibly illus trated by a new por t and f ree trade zone near Tangier are improv ing Morocco'scompetit iveness .In the 1980s , Morocco w as a heav ily indebted country bef ore pursuing aus ter ity measures and promarketref orms , overseen by the IMF. Since taking the throne in 1999, King MOHAMMED V I has pres ided over as table economy marked by s teady grow th, low inf lation, and gradually f alling unemployment, although poorharves ts and economic dif f icult ies in Europe contr ibuted to an economic s low dow n. To boos t expor ts ,Morocco entered into a bilateral Free Trade Agreement w ith the US in 2006 and an Advanced Statusagreement w ith the EU in 2008. In late 2014, Morocco eliminated subs idies f or gasoline, diesel, and f uel oil,dramatically reduc ing outlays that w eighted on the country ’s budget and cur rent account. Subs idies onbutane gas and cer tain f ood produc ts remain in place. Morocco also seeks to expand its renew able energycapac ity w ith a goal of making renew able more than 50% of ins talled elec tr ic ity generation capac ity by2030.Despite Morocco's economic progress , the country suf f ers f rom high unemployment, pover ty, andilliteracy, par t icular ly in rural areas . Key economic challenges f or Morocco inc lude ref orming the educationsys tem and the judic iary.GDP (purchasing power par ity ):$273.5 billion (2015 es t.)$261.8 billion (2014 es t.)$255.7 billion (2013 es t.)note : data are in 2015 US dollarscountr y com par is on to the w or ld: 58GDP (off ic ia l exchange rate):$103.1 billion (2015 es t.)GDP rea l growth rate :4.5% (2015 es t.)2.4% (2014 es t.)4.7% (2013 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 49GDP per capita (PPP):$8,200 (2015 es t.)$7,900 (2014 es t.)$7,800 (2013 es t.)note : data are in 2015 US dollarscountr y com par is on to the w or ld: 147Gross nationa l sav ing:32% of GDP (2015 es t.)28% of GDP (2014 es t.)26.8% of GDP (2013 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 18GDP composition, by end use:
hous ehold consumpt ion: 60.2%gove rnm ent consumpt ion: 19.1%inve s tm ent in f ixe d capital: 28.5%
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inve s tm ent in inventor ie s : 2.6%e xpor ts of goods and s e r vice s : 34.4%im por ts of goods and s e r vice s : 44.8% (2015 es t.)GDP composition, by sector of or igin:
agr icultur e : 13.8%indus tr y: 29%s e r vice s : 57.2% (2015 es t.)Agriculture products:bar ley, w heat, c itrus f ruits , grapes , vegetables , olives ; lives tock; w ineIndustr ies:automotive par ts , phosphate mining and process ing, aerospace, f ood process ing, leather goods , tex tiles ,cons truc tion, energy, tour ismIndustr ia l production growth rate :4.3% (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 49Labor force :12.27 million (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 46Labor force by occupation:
agr icultur e : 39.1%indus tr y: 20.3%s e r vice s : 40.5% (2014 es t.)Unemployment rate :9.7% (2015 es t.)9.9% (2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 114Population be low poverty l ine :15% (2007 es t.)Household income or consumption by percentage share :
low e s t 10%: 2.7%highe s t 10%: 33.2% (2007)Distr ibution of family income Gini index:40.9 (2007 es t.)39.5 (1999 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 57Budget:
r e venue s : $24.49 billione xpenditur e s : $29.04 billion (2015 es t.)Taxes and other revenues:23.8% of GDP (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 132Budget surplus (+) or defic it ( ):4.4% of GDP (2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 157Public debt:73.4% of GDP (2015 es t.)73.8% of GDP (2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 40F isca l year:calendar yearInflation rate (consumer pr ices):1.6% (2015 es t.)0.4% (2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 104Centra l bank discount rate :6.5% (31 December 2010)3.31% (31 December 2009)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 53Commercia l bank pr ime lending rate :5.9% (31 December 2015 es t.)6% (31 December 2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 132Stock of narrow money :$70.65 billion (31 December 2015 es t.)$73.27 billion (31 December 2014 es t.)
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Energy :: MOROCCO
countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 42Stock of broad money :$92.72 billion (31 December 2014 es t.)$92.2 billion (31 December 2013 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 56Stock of domestic credit:$108.6 billion (31 December 2015 es t.)$115.4 billion (31 December 2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 52Market va lue of public ly traded shares:$52.63 billion (31 December 2012 es t.)$60.09 billion (31 December 2011)$69.15 billion (31 December 2010 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 52Current account ba lance:$1.413 billion (2015 es t.)$6.226 billion (2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 137Exports:$21.15 billion (2015 es t.)$23.72 billion (2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 69Exports commodities:c lothing and tex tiles , automobiles , elec tr ic components , inorganic chemicals , trans is tors , c rude minerals ,f er t ilizers ( inc luding phosphates ) , petroleum produc ts , c itrus f ruits , vegetables , f ishExports partners:Spain 22.1%, France 19.7%, India 4.9%, US 4.3%, Italy 4.3% (2015)Imports:$37.32 billion (2015 es t.)$46.16 billion (2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 58Imports commodities:c rude petroleum, tex tile f abr ic , telecommunications equipment, w heat, gas and elec tr ic ity, trans is tors ,plas tic sImports partners:Spain 13.9%, France 12.4%, China 8.5%, US 6.5%, Germany 5.8%, Italy 5.5%, Russ ia 4.4%, Turkey 4.3%(2015)Reserves of fore ign exchange and gold:$21.35 billion (31 December 2015 es t.)$20.41 billion (31 December 2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 58Debt externa l:$43.99 billion (31 December 2014 es t.)$39.85 billion (31 December 2013 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 66Stock of direct fore ign investment a t home:$59.11 billion (31 December 2015 es t.)$55.4 billion (31 December 2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 57Stock of direct fore ign investment abroad:$1.518 billion (31 December 2015 es t.)$2.083 billion (31 December 2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 81Exchange rates:Moroccan dirhams (MAD) per US dollar 9.592 (2015 es t.)8.3798 (2014 es t.)8.3798 (2013 es t.)8.6 (2012 es t.)8.0899 (2011 es t.)
Electr ic ity production:25.35 billion kWh (2012 es t.)
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countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 69Electr ic ity consumption:26.7 billion kWh (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 65Electr ic ity exports:818 million kWh (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 58Electr ic ity imports:5.66 billion kWh (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 39Electr ic ity insta lled generating capacity :6.763 million kW (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 69Electr ic ity from fossil fue ls:69% of total ins talled capac ity (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 109Electr ic ity from nuclear fue ls:0% of total ins talled capac ity (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 142Electr ic ity from hydroe lectr ic plants:19.3% of total ins talled capac ity (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 94Electr ic ity from other renewable sources:4.8% of total ins talled capac ity (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 58Crude oil production:500 bbl/day (2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 95Crude oil exports:0 bbl/day (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 162Crude oil imports:148,500 bbl/day (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 38Crude oil proved reserves:680,000 bbl (1 January 2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 99Refined petroleum products production:155,200 bbl/day (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 62Refined petroleum products consumption:293,000 bbl/day (2013 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 43Refined petroleum products exports:13,380 bbl/day (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 80Refined petroleum products imports:161,000 bbl/day (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 34Natura l gas production:79 million cu m (2013 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 83Natura l gas consumption:1.181 billion cu m (2013 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 87Natura l gas exports:0 cu m (2013 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 147Natura l gas imports:1.102 billion cu m (2013 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 56Natura l gas proved reserves:1.444 billion cu m (1 January 2014 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 101Carbon diox ide emissions from consumption of energy :
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Communications :: MOROCCO
Transpor tation :: MOROCCO
39.35 million Mt (2012 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 69
Te lephones f ixed lines:total s ubs cr ipt ions : 2,222,370subs cr ipt ions pe r 100 inhabitants : 7 (July 2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 54Te lephones mobile ce llular:
total: 43.08 millionsubs cr ipt ions pe r 100 inhabitants : 129 (July 2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 32Te lephone system:
gene r al as s e s sm ent: good sys tem composed of openw ire lines , cables , and mic row ave radio relaylinks ; pr inc ipal sw itching centers are Casablanca and Rabat; national netw ork near ly 100% digital us ingf iber optic links ; improved rural serv ice employs mic row ave radio relay ; Internet available but expens ivedom es t ic: f ixed line teledens ity is below 10 per 100 persons ; mobilecellular subsc r ibership exceeds120 per 100 personsinte r nat ional: country code 212; landing point f or the A tlas Of f shore, Es teponaTetouan, Euroaf r ica,SpainMorocco, and SEA MEWE3 f iber optic telecommunications undersea cables that prov ide connec tiv ityto As ia, the Middle Eas t, and Europe; satellite ear th s tations 2 Intelsat (A tlantic Ocean) and 1 A rabsat;mic row ave radio relay to Gibraltar, Spain, and Wes tern Sahara; coax ial cable and mic row ave radio relay toA lger ia; par t ic ipant in Medarabtel; f iber optic cable link f rom Agadir to A lger ia and Tunis ia (2015)Broadcast media :2 TV broadcas t netw orks w ith s tate run RadioTelev is ion Marocaine (RTM) operating one netw ork and thes tate par t ially ow ning the other ; f oreign TV broadcas ts are available v ia satellite dish; 3 radio broadcas tnetw orks w ith RTM operating one; the governmentow ned netw ork inc ludes 10 regional radio channels inaddit ion to its national serv ice (2007)Radio broadcast stations:AM NA , FM 15, shor tw ave NA (2009)Te lev is ion broadcast stations:8 (2009)Internet country code:.maInternet hosts:277,338 (2012)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 66Internet users:
total: 19.021 millionpe rcent of populat ion: 57.1% (July 2015 es t.)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 29
Airports:55 (2013)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 86Airports with paved runways:
total: 31ove r 3,047 m : 112,438 to 3,047 m : 91,524 to 2,437 m : 7914 to 1,523 m : 4 (2013)Airports with unpaved runways:
total: 242,438 to 3,047 m : 11,524 to 2,437 m : 7914 to 1,523 m : 11unde r 914 m : 5 (2013)Heliports:1 (2013)Pipe lines:gas 944 km; oil 270 km; ref ined produc ts 175 km (2013)Railways:
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Military and Secur ity :: MOROCCO
Transnational Issues :: MOROCCO
total: 2,067 kms tandard gauge : 2,067 km 1.435m gauge (1,022 km elec tr if ied) (2014)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 71Roadways:
total: 58,395 kmpaved: 41,116 km ( inc ludes 1,080 km of expressw ays )unpaved: 17,279 km (2010)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 73Merchant marine:
total: 26by type : cargo 1, chemical tanker 3, container 6, passenger /cargo 14, roll on/roll of f 2for e ignow ned: 14 (France 3, Germany 1, Italy 1, Spain 9)r e gis te r e d in othe r countr ie s : 4 (Gibraltar 4) (2010)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 88Ports and termina ls:
major s e apor t (s ) : Casablanca, Jor f Las f ar, Mohammedia, Saf i, Tangiercontaine r por t (s ) (TEUs ) : Tangier (2,093,408)LNG te rm inal(s ) ( im por t ) : Jor f Las f ar
Military branches:Royal A rmed Forces (Forces A rmees Royales , FAR) : Royal Moroccan A rmy ( inc ludes A ir Def ense) , RoyalMoroccan Navy ( inc ludes Coas t Guard, Mar ines ) , Royal Moroccan A ir Force (A l Quw w at al Jaw y iya alMalakiya Marakishiya; Force Aer ienne Royale Marocaine) (2010)Military serv ice age and obligation:20 years of age f or voluntary military serv ice; no consc r iption; serv ice obligation 18 months (2012)Military expenditures:3.7% of GDP (2014)3.91% of GDP (2013)3.55% of GDP (2012)3.37% of GDP (2011)3.55% of GDP (2010)countr y com par is on to the w or ld: 14
Disputes internationa l:c laims and adminis ters Wes tern Sahara w hose sovereignty remains unresolved; Morocco protes ts Spain'scontrol over the coas tal enc laves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera, the is lands of Penonde A lhucemas and Is las Chaf ar inas , and sur rounding w aters ; both countr ies c laim Is la Perejil (LeilaIs land) ; discuss ions have not progressed on a comprehens ive mar it ime delimitation, sett ing limits onresource exploration and ref ugee interdic tion, s ince Morocco's 2002 rejec tion of Spain's unilateraldes ignation of a median line f rom the Canary Is lands ; Morocco serves as one of the pr imary launchingareas of illegal migration into Spain f rom Nor th A f r ica; A lger ia's border w ith Morocco remains an ir r itant tobilateral relations , each nation accus ing the other of harbor ing militants and arms smuggling; the NationalLiberation Front's asser tions of a c laim to Chirac Pas tures in southeas tern Morocco is a dormant disputeIll ic it drugs:one of the w or ld's larges t producers of illic it hashish; shipments of hashish mos tly direc ted to Wes ternEurope; trans it point f or cocaine f rom South Amer ica des tined f or Wes tern Europe; s ignif icant consumer ofcannabis
