Aeroelastic Workshop:

The Validation of Aeroelastic Simulations using

STAR-CCM+ coupled to Abaqus

Validate the accuracy of STAR-CCM+ coupled to Abaqus for

aeroelastic applications

The HIRENASD project was chosen as good source of

aeroelastic measurement data

Performed simulations and analyzed responses:

Aeroelastic equilibrium (fluid-structure coupled)

Modal analysis (structure only, vacuum)

Impulsive loading (fluid-structure coupled)

Prescribed 2nd bending mode motion (fluid only)

1st bending mode excitation via prescribed moment applied to structure

(fluid-structure coupled)

Credit: S. Zhelezov, A. Mueller (CD-adapco)

The Aeroelastic Workshop

High Reynolds Number Aerostructural Dynamics (HIRENASD)

Funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG)

Experiments on an elastic wing model at transonic flight

conditions in the European Transonic Windtunnel in Cologne

To provide free data on dynamic aeroelastic experiments at

conditions typical for large transport aircrafts in cruise flight

The HIRENASD Project

The HIRENASD Project

.cgns file

.bdf file

cgns: CFD General Notation System

bdf: Nastran

Minor mismatch of meshes

obtained from HIRENASD

project webpage (trailing edge)

nodes: 20k cells: 5M

.bdf .cgns

Mismatch was corrected to

allow for proper mapping

The Models

Abaqus 53k nodes

STAR-CCM+ 8.5M cells

Aeroelastic Equilibrium Configuration (AEC)

The AEC is a stable configuration the wing adopts due to the steady

aero loads. External and internal forces are in balance (equilibrium).

Aeroelastic Equilibrium Configuration (AEC)

CL: Coefficient of Lift CD: Coefficient of Drag AoA: Angle of Attack

Comparison of STAR-CCM+ to experimental results and SOFIA 1) 2)

q/E = 0.48E-06, M = 0.8, Re = 23.5E06

Aeroelastic Equilibrium Configuration (AEC)

Comparison of STAR-CCM+ to experimental results and SOFIA 2)

q/E = 0.48E-06, M = 0.8, Re = 23.5E06

Aeroelastic Equilibrium Configuration (AEC)

Comparison of STAR-CCM+ to experimental results and FUN3D 3)

Cp: Coefficient of pressure

STAR-CCM+ FUN3D

q/E = 0.48E-06, M = 0.8, Re = 23.5E06, alpha = 2°, station 7, eta = 0.95

Experiment 4) Reported value

SOFIA model 5) Abaqus model

Frequency: 25.75 Hz 26.46 Hz 26.55 Hz

Error: 3.15 % 3.11 %

Modal Analysis

Modal analysis of structure only (corresponds to vacuum)

1st bending mode 2nd bending mode

Response to impulsive loading

Coupled Fluid Structure analysis

Experiment 6) Reported value

SOFIA model 5)

STAR-CCM+

Abaqus Co Sim.

Frequency: 29.10 Hz 29.55 Hz 29.54 Hz

Error: 1.55 % 1.51 %

STAR-CCM+

SOFIA 5)

q/E = 0.48E-06, M = 0.8, Re = 23.5E06, AoA = -1.34°, Nitrogen

Prescribed 2nd bending mode motion

Experiments were performed by

exciting the 2nd bending mode at

its resonant frequency

Abaqus predicted 2nd bending

mode scaled to match measured

wing tip amplitude about the

predicted AEC configuration

Prescribed 2nd bending mode motion

Fourier transform of Cp on upper surface at position 7

Experiment 7) and results of STAR-CCM+ simulation (fluid only)

Prescribed 2nd beding mode motion

Fourier transform of Cp on lower surface at position 4

Experiment 7) and results of STAR-CCM+ simulation (fluid only)

STAR-CCM+

Experiment

SOFIA

Experiment

-cp

´ / a

cc

15

/1

-cp

´ / a

cc

15

/1

1st bending mode excitation

Experiments were performed by exciting the

1st bending mode at its resonant frequency

2-way coupled simulation with 1st bending

mode moment excitation in structural model

change in cp relative to tip acceleration -cp´/acc15/1 2) 8)

Experiment 2.23E-04

STAR-CCM+ 1.79E-04

Error 19.73%

Experiment 2.23E-04

SOFIA 1.99E-04

Error 10.76%

q/E = 0.48E-06, M = 0.8, Re = 23.5E06, AoA = -1.34°, Nitrogen

1) J. Ballmann et al. Aero-structural Dynamics Experiments at High Reynolds Numbers. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010.

2) Reimer, L., Boucke, A., Ballmann, J., and Behr, M. “Computational Analysis of High Reynolds Number Aero-Structural Dynamics (HIRENASD) Experiments,” IFASD-2009-130, International Forum on Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics, Seattle, WA, June 21-25, 2009

3) J.Heeg, J.Florance, P.Chwalowski, B. Perry, C.Wieseman. Information Package: Workshop on Aeroelastic Prediction. Aeroelasticity Branch, NASA Hampton, Virginia. October 2010

4) H. Korsch, A. Dafnis, H. G. Reimerdes, C. Braun, J. Ballmann, “Dynamic Qualification of the HIRENASD elastic wing model”, Annual Meeting of the German Aerospace Association (DGLR), Paper DGLR-2006-045, Braunschweig, 2006.

5) Reimer, L., Braun, C., Chen, B.-H., Ballmann, J.: Computational Aeroelastic Design and Analysis of the HIRENASD Wind Tunnel Wing Model and Tests. In proc. of the International Forum on Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics (IFASD) 2007, Paper IF-077, Stockholm, Sweden, 2007.

6) J.Ballmann et al. Experimental Analysis of High Reynolds Number Aero-Structural Dynamics in ETW, AIAA 2008-841, Presented at the 46th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, NV, January 7-10, 2008.

7) Email correspondence with Jennifer Heeg at NASA on 16th April 2012 regarding updated data for Experiment #271 of the HIRENASD project.

8) J. Ballmann. Aeroelastische Windkanalversuche mit flexiblen Tragfluegeln bei realen Reynoldszahlen (HIRENASD - ASDMAD). Wissenschaftstag DLR Institut FA, Braunschweig, 30.9.2010.

References

The accuracy of STAR-CCM+ coupled to Abaqus for aeroelastic

applications was successfully validated

Excellent agreement to the reported experimental data was

obtained for all studied cases:

• Aeroelastic equilibrium

• Modal analysis

• Response to impulsive loading

• Prescribed 2nd bending mode motion

• 1st bending mode excitation via prescribed moment applied to structure

It was shown that the accuracy of the results obtained with

STAR-CCM+ coupled to Abaqus are comparable to specialized

aeroelastic codes

Summary