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7/31/2019 Aerodynamics and Aircraft Propulsion
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Aerodynamics
&Aircraft Propulsion
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Aerodynamics
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Aerodynamics
1. Aircraft Stability and control
(Achieved by using control surfaces)
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Control surfaces
1. Maneuvering of an aircraft
It is the rolling, pitching, yawing moment of the aircraft
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How does it takes place ?
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a) Axis of an aircraft
Longitudinal axis
Lateral axis
Vertical axis
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b) Types of control surfaces
Primary control surfaces
Aileron
Elevator
Rudder
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Secondary control surfaces
FlapSlat
Tabs
Vortex generators
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C) Unrequired effects of control surfaces
Side slipping
(Un-required movement developed by aileron )
Skidding(Un-required movement developed by rudder )
Adverse yaw(Un-required movement developed by aileron )
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Aircraft Propulsion
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1) Forces acting on an aircrafts
Lift :Upward and perpendicular to RAF
Thrust :Force which gives forward motion to aircraft Drag :It opposes to forward motion to aircraft
Weight :It act in downward direction due to gravity
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1) Thrust
It is the force (propulsive force) required for forward motion of theaircraft as per NEWTONS second law of motionand can be obtain byusing engine
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2) Engine
It works under the principle of Newton's third law .
1. Air breathing :
It uses surrounding environmental air
E.g. IC Engine or GTE
2. Non air breathing :Air is in stored form
E.g. Engine used for rocket propulsion
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1.Air Breathing Engines
It is categorized in to two parts as per their method ofoperations
a. Piston engine It works on constant volume cycle i.e. Otto cycle
b. Gas turbine Engine It works on constant pressure cycle i.e. Brayton cycle
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b. Gas Turbine Engine
It is categorized in to two parts as per their operations
i. Thrust producing:
E.g. Turbojet, Turbofan ii. Torque producing
E.g. Turbo shaft
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Parts of gas turbine engine
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Turbofan Engine
.
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Turbofan Engine
.
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CFM-56/GE90
1
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Separate Exhaust
.
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Mixed Exhaust
Advantage & disadvantages of turbofan over turbojet
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Suggestion For Improvement
Employ active cooling
Design better material and alloys which retain their
strength at high temperature
Design engines which switch from scramjet to ramjet
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Future Vision
Decreased gross lift-off weight
Smaller facilities & easier handling
Leading to higher safety
Flight can be aborted, while the vehicle glides back to earth
Mission can be more flexible
Wider range of emergency landing sites for intact abort
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References
http://virtualskies.arc.nasa.gov/aeronautics/5.htm
http://www.zenith.aero/profiles/blogs/installing-micro-vortex
http://www.rc-airplane-world.com/rc-airplane-controls.html
http://www.cap-ny153.org/aircraftcontrols.htm
http://wings.avkids.com/Book/Propulsion/intermediate/components-01.html
http://www.clemson.edu/ces/camsil/Edu_NASA.htm
http://virtualskies.arc.nasa.gov/aeronautics/5.htmlhttp://www.zenith.aero/profiles/blogs/installing-micro-vortexhttp://www.rc-airplane-world.com/rc-airplane-controls.htmlhttp://www.zenith.aero/profiles/blogs/installing-micro-vortexhttp://www.cap-ny153.org/aircraftcontrols.htmhttp://wings.avkids.com/Book/Propulsion/intermediate/components-01.htmlhttp://www.clemson.edu/ces/camsil/Edu_NASA.htmhttp://www.clemson.edu/ces/camsil/Edu_NASA.htmhttp://www.clemson.edu/ces/camsil/Edu_NASA.htmhttp://wings.avkids.com/Book/Propulsion/intermediate/components-01.htmlhttp://wings.avkids.com/Book/Propulsion/intermediate/components-01.htmlhttp://wings.avkids.com/Book/Propulsion/intermediate/components-01.htmlhttp://www.cap-ny153.org/aircraftcontrols.htmhttp://www.cap-ny153.org/aircraftcontrols.htmhttp://www.cap-ny153.org/aircraftcontrols.htmhttp://www.zenith.aero/profiles/blogs/installing-micro-vortexhttp://www.rc-airplane-world.com/rc-airplane-controls.htmlhttp://www.rc-airplane-world.com/rc-airplane-controls.htmlhttp://www.rc-airplane-world.com/rc-airplane-controls.htmlhttp://www.rc-airplane-world.com/rc-airplane-controls.htmlhttp://www.rc-airplane-world.com/rc-airplane-controls.htmlhttp://www.rc-airplane-world.com/rc-airplane-controls.htmlhttp://www.rc-airplane-world.com/rc-airplane-controls.htmlhttp://www.rc-airplane-world.com/rc-airplane-controls.htmlhttp://www.rc-airplane-world.com/rc-airplane-controls.htmlhttp://www.zenith.aero/profiles/blogs/installing-micro-vortexhttp://www.zenith.aero/profiles/blogs/installing-micro-vortexhttp://www.zenith.aero/profiles/blogs/installing-micro-vortexhttp://www.zenith.aero/profiles/blogs/installing-micro-vortexhttp://www.zenith.aero/profiles/blogs/installing-micro-vortexhttp://www.zenith.aero/profiles/blogs/installing-micro-vortexhttp://virtualskies.arc.nasa.gov/aeronautics/5.htmlhttp://virtualskies.arc.nasa.gov/aeronautics/5.html7/31/2019 Aerodynamics and Aircraft Propulsion
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ByNarendra Luis PalandeUniversity of [email protected]