Aerodays -Technologies for Performance Efficiency Flights Demonstrate Quiet Operational Procedures and ... Flight Test Conceptual Design Preliminary Design Today ... Revised flight

Technologies for Performance Efficiency and Environmental Compatibility

Presented at Aeronautical Days 2006Vienna, Austria

20 June 2006

Mark I. GoldhammerChief Engineer

Airplane Performance – Product Development

COPYRIGHT © 2006 THE BOEING COMPANY

Introduction

Aerodynamic Efficiency

Weight Efficiency

Propulsion System Efficiency

Environmental Compatibility

Multi-Disciplinary Optimization

Boeing Product Applications

Concluding Remarks



Many Factors Contribute to Saving Fuel and Avoiding Emissions

Aerodynamics

Systems

Structures and materials

Air traffic management Engine/airframe integration

Engine


Introduction


Weight Efficiency





Concluding Remarks



787 Aerodynamic Design

Lessons learned from existing products

CFD design, analysis, and optimization tools

Extensive wind- tunnel test program


3-D Navier-Stokes CFD2-D Navier-Stokes CFD

Wind-Tunnel Testing

Complementary Use of CFD and Wind Tunnels for High-Lift Design


Global Wind Tunnels for Boeing Commercial Airplane Product Development

Minneapolis, MN

Farnborough, UK

Cologne, Germany

Hampton, VAGifu, Japan

Mountain View, CA

Seattle, WAPhiladelphia, PA

Le Fauga, France

Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.


Supercomputing enables:Faster set-up & run timesIncreased capabilityImproved accuracy

Result:More efficient aircraftLess wind tunnel andflight testing

Modern Computing and CFD MethodsSpeed Development and Lower Costs


38

18 11

77

767 737-300 777 737NG757 787

1980 state of the art Modern close couplednacelle installation,0.02 Mach faster than737-200

21% thicker fasterwing than 757,767 technology

Highly constrainedwing designFaster wing than737-300

Successfulmultipoint opti-mization design

CFD forLoads and

Stability andControl

11

Faster andmore efficientthan previousaircraft

Wind Tunnelvs. CFD

BoeingProducts

CFDTools

Increased computational capability & accuracy

Less testing, lower cost, better products

base 4x

60x

CFD runs

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

BoeingTools A502 A488 TRANAIR

TRANAIROptimization

TLNS3D-MBZEUS

CFL3D/ZEUSCFD++

Unstructured adaptive grid

3D-NS

Cartesian Grid Tech

Wings Tested


CFD Has Significantly Improvedthe Wing Development Process


Introduction


Weight Efficiency





Concluding Remarks



787

Airc

raft

Wei

ght

Aircraft Capability

Trend ofIn-Production

Aircraft

The 787 sets a new standard in aircraft weight efficiency

Weight Efficiency


787-8

Composites Serve as Primary Structural Material

Carbon sandwichCarbon laminate

Other compositesAluminumTitanium

CFRP 43%

Misc. 9%

Composites50%

Aluminum20%

Titanium15%

Steel10%

Other5%


Lower Wing Skin Lay-upPly 192 of 264Lower Wing Skin Lay-upPly 192 of 264

Panel Stringer Fabrication FHI Utsunomiya

Panel Stringer Fabrication FHI Utsunomiya

Wing Progress Overview

Test Wing Box

Lower Wing Skin Layup Mandrel MHI-Kobe

Lower Wing Skin Layup Mandrel MHI-Kobe


Development Barrels Prove Concepts


Advanced Systems Technologies Contribute to Weight Reduction

Common Core Open Systems Architecture

Advanced Flight Controls

More Electric Systems Architecture

Wireless IFEIntegrated Health

Management e-EnabledSystems



Introduction


Weight Efficiency





Concluding Remarks



Propulsion Systems FeatureKey Environmental Technologies

Engine and nacelle features:

Higher bypass ratio

No-engine-bleed systems architecture

Laminar flow nacelles

Low-noise nacelles with chevrons

Low emission combustors

GEnx

Trent 1000


Opening a New Era in Fuel Efficiency

Fuel consumption per trip

Fuel

con

sum

ptio

n pe

r sea

t

300 SEATS225 SEATS

250 SEATS275 SEATS

350 SEATS 400 SEATS

450 SEATS

500 SEATS

550 SEATS

200 SEATS

787

Current Twins

Current Quads

20% Better


Introduction


Weight Efficiency





Concluding Remarks




Civil aviation is necessary for economic growth and prosperity…but growth must be in line with the world’s increasing environmental expectations


Commitment to a Better Future

Sustained Technology Programs Deliver Efficient Quiet Designs

Analytical studies

Wind-tunnel tests

Static engine tests

2001 QTD 1Quiet Technology DemonstratorBoeingRolls-RoyceAmerican Airlines

2005 QTD 2Quiet Technology DemonstratorBoeingGeneral ElectricGoodrichNASAAll Nippon Airlines

747-8The shape of the future

787Dreamliner

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT


Reducing noise for communities and passengers with new innovations

Fan and core chevrons

Low-noise landing gear fairing

Joint-less inlet

Acoustic lip liner



Toboggan Fairing reduces Gear Airflow Noise



Quiet for Airport Communities85 dB Noise Contours at O’Hare

4001051704Source MS Mappoint, (c) Microsoft, Inc.

Feet

Meters

0 10000

0 3000

767-300ER

787-8


767 Flights Demonstrate Quiet Operational Procedures and Reduced Fuel Consumption at Louisville, KY

Partners:Boeing Commercial Airplanes, Boeing Air Traffic Management, United Parcel Service, NASA, FAA, MIT, Regional Airport Authority

767 Standard Approach 767 Continuous Descent Approach

3 - 6 dB Reduction in Approach Noise

Continuous Descent Approach: Reduces Noise, Saves Fuel


Designed for the Environment

Environmental considerations are integral to the design of the 787

LIFE CYCLE APPROACH

DESIGN

OPERATIONS RECYCLEMANUFACTURE

THEN NOW

6 1/2 3 1/2

Primer VOC’s (grams/liter)


Introduction


Weight Efficiency





Concluding Remarks



Systems

Noise

R&M

Mfg

LifeCycleCost

RecurringCost

Materials

FlightControls

MDO

Traditional MDOAerodynamics

StructuresPropulsion



Number of Configurations Variations

ConceptualDesign

PreliminaryDesign

Wind TunnelConfirmation Flight Test

Flow TimeFlight Test

Conc

eptu

alDe

sign

PreliminaryDesign

Today

Target

Prelim.Design

Wind TunnelConfirmation

Wind Tunnel Validation

Shortened Product DevelopmentCycle Time



Introduction


Weight Efficiency





Concluding Remarks


Boeing Commercial AirplaneProduct Family

Complete market coverage with operational commonality

Long range, fast, quiet

Reliable, efficient, low operating cost

Passenger experience

e-Enabled

Standardization


Frankfurt

Vienna

Tokyo

Point-to-Point Provides Value for Airlines, Passengers and Communities

25% less fuel

Point to PointHub and Spoke

FlightTime11.3

Hours

FlightTime12.6

Hours

Block FuelPer

Passenger

Narita - Vienna 787-8 Non-Stop

Narita – FrankfurtFrankfurt - Vienna

Flight time reduced by 1.3 hours

Trip time reduced by 2.8 hours

Less Local Community Noise

Less LocalEmissions


Patented raked tip

Advanced engines &

nacelle chevrons

SimplifiedHigh liftSystem

Composite primary structure

Multi-disciplinary wing optimization

More-electric systems architecture

Variable camber trail edge

Mission Requirements• Extremely long range• Unprecedented efficiency• Very low community & cabin noise• Very low emissions

Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.

787 Design Features


787 is Proceeding On Schedule

20052002

787-8FirstFlight

787-8 Enters Service

AirplaneAnnouncement

Firm Configuration

Program Launch

Authorityto Offer

2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

787-3Enters

Service

787-9EntersService

Start of Major

Assembly


Improved WingAerodynamics

787 TechnologyHigh Bypass Engines

747-8 Design for EnvironmentDesign Features

Advanced Nacelles and Chevron Nozzles

EnhancedFlight Deck

Fly Quieter - Use Less Fuel - Lower Emissions


Significantly Quieter for Communities

Noise area reduced by more than 30% over the 747-400

747-400

747-8

Community Noise targets:ICAO Chapter 4QC 2 DepartureQC 1 Arrival


Longer Range 777-300

Increased wing fuel capacity

Overhead space utilization provisions

Strengthened 777-300 wing

Supplemental electronictail skid

Strengthened fuselage

Revised flight controlssoftware ad avionics

GE90-115B engines

Extended wing box and new wing tip(additional 76 inch per side)



Introduction


Weight Efficiency





Concluding Remarks


Weight improvementsMaterialsLoad alleviation

Aerodynamic design optimization based on Evolution from previous Boeing products Extensive advanced CFDFocused wind-tunnel testing, including flight Reynolds number simulation

Engine performance improvementsHigher bypass ratioNo-bleed architectureLow aerodynamic interference installation

Improved environmental performanceCommunity noiseCabin noiseEmissionsMaterials impact on the environment

Design for Performance and Environment

Documents

Aerodays -Technologies for Performance Efficiency Flights Demonstrate Quiet Operational Procedures and ... Flight Test Conceptual Design Preliminary Design Today ... Revised flight