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Electricityverything in the world is made up of atoms.Each atom has smaller parts in it. One of thoseparts is called electrons. Electrons can move

from atom to atom. When an electron moves toa different atom, it causes another electron tohave to move. When electrons move quickly

from one atom to another is it calledElectricity!

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What is an electric

current?

For current to flowyou must have acomplete circuit

A power source is neededto create aPOTENTIAL DIFERENCE

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When these

conditions aremet free

electrons moveabout inside

the metal.

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Current Electricity!

Electric charges arecalled electriccurrent.

Free electronscontinuously move tospaces where

electrons aremissing.

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Circuits A series

circuitis a

circuit that hasonly one pathfor the current.

A parallelcircuithas more

than one pathfor current totravel.

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Series Circuits

Only one path for current to follow

User followed by another user (ie. Resistor

followed by a light)

...321 VVVV

equ

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+ -

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Lights in our homes are wired inparallel circuits.

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Static Electricity!

Charge that stays onan object

When something

gives up or gainselectrons

Does not move alonga wire or otherconductor

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Inside an atom,electrons have a

negative chargeandprotons have apositive charge.

These articles attracteach other.

A chargeis a measure of the extrapositive or negative particles that anobject has.

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The steady flow ofelectricity is calledan electric current.

A current will movealong a wire or apath called a

circuit.Circuitmeans to go

around.

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Conductor

.

A conductor is amaterial that

current can passthrough easily,

like metals

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ExamplesMetal

Paper clips

Silverware

Wires

Water

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ResistorA resistor is a

material thatresists, butdoesnt stop the

flow of current.

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InsulatorAn insulator is amaterial that

current cannotpass through

easily, like plastic.

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ChemicalChemical

changes

causeenergy

Batteries

Glow

sticks

Pop Rocks

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Electric Cell

An electric cellsupplies energy to

move chargesthrough a circuit, likea battery.

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EXAMPLESGenerator

Robots

Trains

Windmill

Motorcycles

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.bugwing.com/bunkiehd.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.bugwing.com/bikehistory.htm&h=318&w=425&sz=60&tbnid=W7nBoPHMF1YJ:&tbnh=91&tbnw=122&start=47&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmechanical%2Bthings%26start%3D40%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26rls%3DGGLD,GGLD:2004-37,GGLD:en%26sa%3DN

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Amperes are the rate at which electricity flows through a wire or piece of machinery.

When you open a faucet on a kitchen sink, water flows out at a certain rate. The samething occurs when you turn on an appliance. Electricity flows at a certain rate. This isamperes. Watts are the amount of energy a device uses in performing its function. Toget watts, you multiply volts x amps. Example: vacuum cleaner draws 12 amps. 120volts x 12 amps= 1440 watts. To get amperes, divide watts by volts. Example, 100 wattlight bulb. 100 watts / 120 volts= 0.833 amps.

To use the water analogy: the size of the hole the water comes out is the "amps", theamount of pressure behind the hole is the "volts", and the combination of how muchwater comes out at a given pressure is "watts", or horsepower -- the measure of howmuch work can be done.

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Volts=Current (I) x Resistance (R)

=

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