AE 422 AEROSPACE SYSTEMS ENGINEERINGae422/12/AE422_Group4_Final_Report.pdf · 2012. 6. 4. · Each expenditure should be proved with a bill and a copy of the bills should be provided

AEROSPACE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

TERM PROJECT REPORT

Submitted to: Dr. Sartuk KARASOY

Submitted by : Mert HASANOĞLU Osman AYCI Mehmet KAYMAL Selim YÜREKLİ Yiğit ATILGAN Alpay SANCAR Submission Date: 01.06.2012

AE 422 AEROSPACE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

TERM PROJECT REPORT

1

AEROSPACE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

TERM PROJECT REPORT

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ................................

a. Purpose ................................

b. Team Members ................................

2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ................................

a. System Design Requirements

b. Physical Architecture of the System

c. Functional Architecture of the System

d. System Internal and External Interfaces

3. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS VERIFICATION

4. SYSTEM TEST PLAN ................................

5. REFERENCES ................................

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System Design Requirements ................................................................

hysical Architecture of the System ................................................................

Functional Architecture of the System ................................................................

System Internal and External Interfaces ................................................................

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS VERIFICATION ................................................................

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1. INTRODUCTION

a. Purpose

The purpose of the term project was to

semester in a real life scenario.

assessment of the requirements that are determined by the requirements group. The team

came up with the message carrying hot air balloon concept as a solution. The main points

that the team paid significant attention to was the ease of manufacture and the cost of the

solution while satisfying all the requirements that are stated. As a result the team su

in both satisfying the requirements and maintaining a low cost profile by adapting the

techniques that aforementioned.

b. Team Members

Group # 4 consisted of six team members. Names of the team members and their

photographs are provided below.

Osman Aycı

project was to apply the techniques that are taught throughout the

semester in a real life scenario. The first thing that was done by the team was the


the message carrying hot air balloon concept as a solution. The main points


solution while satisfying all the requirements that are stated. As a result the team su


techniques that aforementioned.

4 consisted of six team members. Names of the team members and their

photographs are provided below.

Mert Hasanoğlu

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apply the techniques that are taught throughout the

The first thing that was done by the team was the


the message carrying hot air balloon concept as a solution. The main points


solution while satisfying all the requirements that are stated. As a result the team succeeded


4 consisted of six team members. Names of the team members and their

Mert Hasanoğlu

Selim Yürekli

Mehmet Kaymal

2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

a. System Design Requirements

• The aerial vehicle should fly at (at least) 2 mt altitude(above the human height).

• The aerial vehicle should stay aloft at least 1 minute in order to be regarded as a flying vehicle.

Alpay Sancar

Yiğit Atılgan

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

System Design Requirements

The aerial vehicle should fly at (at least) 2 mt altitude(above the human height).

The aerial vehicle should stay aloft at least 1 minute in order to be regarded as a flying

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Alpay Sancar

Yiğit Atılgan

The aerial vehicle should fly at (at least) 2 mt altitude(above the human height).

The aerial vehicle should stay aloft at least 1 minute in order to be regarded as a flying

• The aerial vehicle should weight below 4 kg if powered, below 1,5 kg if unpowered.

Use of lightweight materials such as Depron, Balsa wood, fabric, carbon tubes, foamboard instead of aluminum, plywood, etc. is highly encouraged due to weight considerations.

• The aerial vehicle should carry a payload which weights at least 1/10 of its empty weight. For electric powered air vehicles the battery weight should also be considered in empty weight calculation.

• The air vehicle may either be powered or unpowered. It may take off usinenergy, or the initial energy may be given by a operator or a launcher mechanism.

• Control of aircraft by a human/autopilot must be available.

A rope such as on a tethered balloon, a remote/radio controller, or an autopilot/on

controlelr would be among some control method options

• Aircraft control mechanism/method should be used at least for a safe mission and safe landing. Further control capability is up to the contracter’s/designer’s choice.

• The air vehicle may either be powered or unenergy, or the initial energy may be given by a operator or a launcher mechanism.

• The aerial vehicle should be easy to build.

Number of parts to be used:

Assembly under 5 minutes and use at most 10 components.

• The aircraft should not cost more than 250 TL.

Each expenditure should be proved with a bill and a copy of the bills should be provided together with a balance sheet in the final report file.

Use of cheap materials such as Depron, Balsa wood, fabric, carbon t

of aluminum, plywood, etc. is highly encouraged due to cost considerations.

Any materials/parts that the groups currently have should be used and those will not be

considered in the cost calculation. Thus, use of pre

should weight below 4 kg if powered, below 1,5 kg if unpowered.


le should carry a payload which weights at least 1/10 of its empty weight. For electric powered air vehicles the battery weight should also be considered in empty

The air vehicle may either be powered or unpowered. It may take off usinenergy, or the initial energy may be given by a operator or a launcher mechanism.

Control of aircraft by a human/autopilot must be available.

A rope such as on a tethered balloon, a remote/radio controller, or an autopilot/on

ould be among some control method options.

Aircraft control mechanism/method should be used at least for a safe mission and safe landing. Further control capability is up to the contracter’s/designer’s choice.

The air vehicle may either be powered or unpowered. It may take off using its own energy, or the initial energy may be given by a operator or a launcher mechanism.

The aerial vehicle should be easy to build.

under 5 minutes and use at most 10 components.

aircraft should not cost more than 250 TL.

Each expenditure should be proved with a bill and a copy of the bills should be provided together with a balance sheet in the final report file.

Use of cheap materials such as Depron, Balsa wood, fabric, carbon tubes, foamboard instead



considered in the cost calculation. Thus, use of pre-used/pre-bought materials are highly

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should weight below 4 kg if powered, below 1,5 kg if unpowered.


le should carry a payload which weights at least 1/10 of its empty weight. For electric powered air vehicles the battery weight should also be considered in empty

The air vehicle may either be powered or unpowered. It may take off using its own energy, or the initial energy may be given by a operator or a launcher mechanism.

A rope such as on a tethered balloon, a remote/radio controller, or an autopilot/on-board

Aircraft control mechanism/method should be used at least for a safe mission and safe landing. Further control capability is up to the contracter’s/designer’s choice.

powered. It may take off using its own energy, or the initial energy may be given by a operator or a launcher mechanism.

Each expenditure should be proved with a bill and a copy of the bills should be provided

ubes, foamboard instead



materials are highly

encouraged.However, instead of their price the source of material should be written in the

materials cost table.

• Project Report and Brochure/Poster

Project report is under strict control of the project schedule. There should be draft

and the final report. Each draft should be sent via e

out and put in a file prior to the submission to the customer. The final report should be

professional in any means such as content, language, appear

for the project report.

b. Physical Architecture of the System

c. Functional Architecture of the System

Using the program Edraw Max

architecture of the system.


and Brochure/Poster

Project report is under strict control of the project schedule. There should be draft

and the final report. Each draft should be sent via e-mail. The final report should be printed


professional in any means such as content, language, appearance,etc. There is fixed format

Physical Architecture of the System

Functional Architecture of the System

Using the program Edraw Max, the following IDEF0 diagram indicates

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Project report is under strict control of the project schedule. There should be draft 1, draft 2

mail. The final report should be printed


ance,etc. There is fixed format

ollowing IDEF0 diagram indicates the functional

The air vehicle is simply designed to perform the above applications.

Sub functions are as followings:

vehicle is simply designed to perform the above applications.

Sub functions are as followings:

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d. System Internal and External Interfaces

System Internal Interface Rope:

In this project, designed and manufactured system is neither

system. There is no electronical controller,

interface between flying vehicle

banner with the air vehicle. It provides structural rigidity.

System External Interface:

There is no external interfaces.

3. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

During the test flights we tried to fulfill all of the requirements, in this part the

requirements and the verifications of the requirements will be mentioned respectively.

The verifications tools that we basically used are a

System Internal and External Interfaces

System Internal Interface Rope:

d and manufactured system is neither electronical

s no electronical controller, computer program or code. However,

interface between flying vehicle and banner system which is the rope.

banner with the air vehicle. It provides structural rigidity.

There is no external interfaces.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS VERIFICATION



The verifications tools that we basically used are a precision balance and a stopwa

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electronical nor software

. However, there is an

and banner system which is the rope. Rope holds the



precision balance and a stopwatch.

Functional Requirements

The assembly of the hot air balloon is less than 5 minutes. In fact the hot air balloon is

ready to fly except from the burning of the solid fuel. It can fly above 2 meters altitudes,

the altitude of the flight is only depends on the length of the rope and according to our

test it can stay in the air above ten minutes. We choose the hot air balloon as a flying

vehicle since it is easy to build and easiness is one of the requirements. Our hot air

balloon includes basically three main parts, the balloon the rope and the banner.

The cheapness of the hot air balloon is another good point for the project. The total cost

of the hot air balloon is not more than

such as extra solid fuels, extra banner designs etc. We used 8 balloons totally and one of

the balloons is 2 liras. Some of the tools such as scissors or glues

laboratory. Our project fulfills with the one of a kindness criteria by using a bann

the hot air balloon. The banner will be opened after a



only depends on the length of the rope and according to our



sically three main parts, the balloon the rope and the banner.


t air balloon is not more than 20 liras. This cost includes all of the expenses

extra solid fuels, extra banner designs etc. We used 8 balloons totally and one of

the balloons is 2 liras. Some of the tools such as scissors or glues are

laboratory. Our project fulfills with the one of a kindness criteria by using a bann

the hot air balloon. The banner will be opened after a while the hot air balloon flies

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only depends on the length of the rope and according to our



sically three main parts, the balloon the rope and the banner.


20 liras. This cost includes all of the expenses

extra solid fuels, extra banner designs etc. We used 8 balloons totally and one of

are provided by the

laboratory. Our project fulfills with the one of a kindness criteria by using a banner on

while the hot air balloon flies.

Performance Requirements

The total weight of the hot air balloon is 61 gr (balloon cloth:

wire 2gr) and it can carry payload

weight. This satisfies the requirement of carrying at least 10 % of the flying vehicle’s

empty weight. Furthermore, t

solid fuel.

Interface Requirements

After take-off the hot air balloon can be controlled by a rope which is hold by a human is

from the ground crew. The altitude of the balloon depends on the length of the rope and

using this rope the landing can be achieved safely.

Reliability Requirements

The hot air balloon can be used more than 10 times. Some fixing can be needed after the

flight and also the weather conditions can directly affect the reliability of the hot air

balloon. Under ideal air conditions, the hot air balloon can f

Safety Requirement

The hot air balloon is a totally safe air vehicle. It does not create any pollution for the

environment and also it has not any danger for the flight crew or the spectators.

Performance Requirements

The total weight of the hot air balloon is 61 gr (balloon cloth: 39 gr, fuel 15gr

wire 2gr) and it can carry payload (banner) which weights 14 gr that is 23% of its

This satisfies the requirement of carrying at least 10 % of the flying vehicle’s

Furthermore, the power of the balloon is coming from the burning of the

off the hot air balloon can be controlled by a rope which is hold by a human is


using this rope the landing can be achieved safely.


also the weather conditions can directly affect the reliability of the hot air

balloon. Under ideal air conditions, the hot air balloon can fly everywhere.



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39 gr, fuel 15gr, stich: 5 gr,

ner) which weights 14 gr that is 23% of its empty

This satisfies the requirement of carrying at least 10 % of the flying vehicle’s

he power of the balloon is coming from the burning of the

off the hot air balloon can be controlled by a rope which is hold by a human is



also the weather conditions can directly affect the reliability of the hot air

ly everywhere.



4. SYSTEM TEST PLAN

In our test plan documents, the strategy that will be used to verify and ensure that a product

or system meets its design specifications and other requirements.

plan is usually prepared by or with significant input from test engineers where, in our case,

we are the test engineers of the hot air balloon system.

Depending on the product and the responsibility of the organization

the followings;

Design Verification / Compliance test

development or approval stages of the product, typically on a small sample of units.

Manufacturing test: is another type of test which is

assembly of the product in an ongoing manner for purposes of performance verification and

quality control.

Acceptance test: is the last and most crucial part of the test plan since it is

time of delivery or installation of the product.

5. REFERENCES

• The Engineering Design of Systems Models and Methods 2

Dennis M.Buade

• Lecture Notes

• http://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/flight/modern/hot

• http://www.sciencetoymaker.org/HotAirBalloon/index.html

SYSTEM TEST PLAN

the strategy that will be used to verify and ensure that a product

or system meets its design specifications and other requirements. In addition to that, a

or with significant input from test engineers where, in our case,

we are the test engineers of the hot air balloon system.

Depending on the product and the responsibility of the organization, our test plan

Compliance test: is a kind of test to be performed during the

lopment or approval stages of the product, typically on a small sample of units.

: is another type of test which is performed during preparation or


is the last and most crucial part of the test plan since it is

time of delivery or installation of the product.

The Engineering Design of Systems Models and Methods 2nd edition, book writte

http://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/flight/modern/hot-air

http://www.sciencetoymaker.org/HotAirBalloon/index.html

11

the strategy that will be used to verify and ensure that a product

In addition to that, a test

or with significant input from test engineers where, in our case,

, our test plan includes

to be performed during the

lopment or approval stages of the product, typically on a small sample of units.

performed during preparation or


is the last and most crucial part of the test plan since it is performed at the

edition, book written by

air-balloon.htm

http://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/flight/modern/hot-air-balloon.htm

http://www.sciencetoymaker.org/HotAirBalloon/index.html

Documents

AE 422 AEROSPACE SYSTEMS ENGINEERINGae422/12/AE422_Group4_Final_Report.pdf · 2012. 6. 4. · Each expenditure should be proved with a bill and a copy of the bills should be provided