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Hindawi Publishing CorporationSmart Materials ResearchVolume 2012, Article ID 259275, 2 pagesdoi:10.1155/2012/259275

Editorial

Advanced Piezoelectrics: Materials, Devices, andTheir Applications

Tao Li,1 Jan Ma,1 Mohammed Es-Souni,2 and Peter Woias3

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 6397982 Institute for Materials and Surface Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kiel, 24149 Kiel, Germany3 Department of Microsystems Engineering, IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany

Correspondence should be addressed to Tao Li, [email protected]

Received 18 March 2012; Accepted 18 March 2012

Copyright © 2012 Tao Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, whichpermits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

After decades of research and development, piezoelectricmaterials have been applied in a wide range of applications,ranging from household appliances to industrial equip-ments. In areas such as precision and acoustic engineering,piezoelectric material is well accepted to be one of the leadingfunctional materials. Today, due to the high demand, par-ticularly from the electronic, energy, and biomedical indus-tries, researchers are driven to the exploration of new mate-rials and device configurations for new applications. At thesame time, engineers are making continuous effort to im-prove the existing technologies. As the scope of the area isvast, it is necessary to provide an overview on differentbranches of piezoelectric materials. We would like to thankall the authors who submitted their papers to this specialissue. We also hope that this special issue can give an insighton the current research and development status of piezoe-lectric materials community. We further expect that this issuecould stimulate the generation of new ideas and technolo-gies for advanced future applications.

This special issue accepted sixteen papers from indus-tries, research institutes, and universities worldwide. Thetopics touched include failure analysis, thin film, nanotech-nologies, materials synthesis, fabrication technique, model-ing, nondestructive testing, sensors, actuators, transducers,ultrasonics, cleaning, vibration suppression, energy harvest-ing, and characterization techniques.

In the paper “Local fatigue evaluation in PZT thin filmswith nanoparticles by piezoresponse force microscopy,” a PZTfilm was fabricated and the local switching polarizationbehavior of the film during fatigue was investigated usingscanning piezoelectric microscopy. It was found that the

introducing of barium titanate (BT) nanoseeds has signifi-cantly improved the fatigue performance.

In the paper “Redirection of Lamb waves for structuralhealth monitoring,” Lamb wave based structural health moni-toring was proposed and its benefits were explored. Thistechnique can potentially be used to improve the detectabil-ity of defects in difficult-to-inspect locations.

In the paper “A surface acoustic wave ethanol sensor withzinc oxide nanorods,” a surface acoustic wave ethanol sensorusing ZnO nanorods was developed and tested. It has shownthat the nanorod structure can increase the frequency shift ofthe sensor.

In the paper “Damping analyses of structural vibra-tions and shunted piezoelectric transducers,” an experimentalmethod was used to calculate the damping energy in a me-chanical system. Both piezoelectric damping and structuraldamping were analyzed. This method is meaningful for vi-bration suppression and control.

In the paper “Static electric force and measurement prin-ciple of material constants in electrostrictive material,” a mod-el regarding the electric force acting on the material andmethod to measure the electrostrictive coefficients were pro-posed. Factors affecting the measurement accuracy were alsodiscussed based on the proposed model.

In the paper “Electromechanical and dynamic charac-terization of in-house-fabricated amplified piezo actuator,” adiamond-shaped amplified piezo actuator was fabricated andtested. Essential parameters such as displacement and blockforce were measured.

In the paper “Fabrication of simple and ring-type piezoactuators and their characterization,” the fabrication and

2 Smart Materials Research

characterization of a piezoelectric multilayer structure wereillustrated. The procedure was introduced in detail. Theobtained actuator can be used for fluid flow control in spacevehicles.

In the paper “Modeling hysteresis with inertial-dependentPrandtl-Ishlinskii model in wide-band frequency-operated pie-zoelectric actuator,” the hysteresis and nonlinear effect of apiezoelectric actuator was modeled and characterized. Theresults are useful for enhancing the controlling capability ofan actuator.

In the paper “Comparison of analog and digital self-pow-ered systems in multimodal vibration suppression,” the meth-ods of digital and analog vibration suppression were pro-posed and compared. It shows that both methods are effect-ive in improving damping performance. Also, the self-pow-ering feature makes the methods useful in various applica-tions.

In the paper “Active vibration control of a microactuatorfor the hard disk drive using self-sensing actuation,” a microac-tuator was combined with sensing function, which can thenbe used for hard disk vibration control. The work has alsodemonstrated that the method is effective in suppressing thevibrational modes.

In the paper “Infra-through ultrasonic piezoelectric acous-tic vector sensor particle rejection system,” an ultrasonic clean-ing system was developed to remove the dust from a sensorfilament. Therefore, it helps to improve the cleanness andhence maintain the measurement accuracy of the sensor.

In the paper “Solid state adaptive rotor using postbuckledprecompressed, bending-twist coupled piezoelectric actuatorelements,” a piezoelectric actuator was developed, which canbe integrated on a solid stator adaptive helicopter rotor. Thismethod is promising on the performance enhancement ofthe helicopter by reducing part count, increasing reliability,and allowing for decoupled individual blade control of rotorblades.

In the paper “Synthesis and characterization ofPb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3-Pb(Nb1/3Zn2/3)O3 thin film cantileversfor energy harvesting applications,” a PZT-PZN thin filmcantilever was fabricated for the purpose of energy harvest-ing. The dielectric properties of the film were characterized.The generated electric signal of the cantilever harvester wasstudied and simulated under various conditions.

In the paper “Epitaxial piezoelectric Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 thinfilms on silicon for energy harvesting devices,” PZT thin filmwas fabricated. Its microstructure and electrical propertieswere investigated. As an energy harvester, it was comparedwith other devices and its energy harvesting potential wasexamined.

In the paper “Time-dependent piezo-electro-magneto-elastic fracture behavior of conducting cracks in a half-spaceunder anti-plane mechanical and in-plane electric and mag-netic impact,” piezo-electro-magneto-elastic materials undertransient loads were modeled and discussed. One of theimportant findings in this paper is that there exists a strongcoupling between stress and electrical and magnetic fieldnear crack tips.

In the paper “Exact solution for an anti-plane inter-face crack between two dissimilar magneto-electro-elastic

half-spaces,” the fracture behavior of a piezo-electro-mag-neto-elastic composite was modeled. Fourier transform wasapplied. Some important parameters, such as electric dis-placement and magnetic induction, were determined anddiscussed.

Tao LiJan Ma

Mohammed Es-SouniPeter Woias

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AdvancedPiezoelectrics:Materials,Devices,and …downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2012/259275.pdfAdvancedPiezoelectrics:Materials,Devices,and ... terization of in-house-fabricated ampliﬁed