Advanced Reservoir

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Advanced Reservoir

Engineering

Prepared by: Dr. B. Rostami September 2010

Overview


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Institute of PetroleumEngineering

Home

Contents

Conventional Gas Reservoirs Analysis

Useful Topics (Oil & gas reserves, EOR and IOR, Management, Simulation)

Evaluation of Oil Reservoir Performance

Fundamental of Fluid Flow in Petroleum Reservoirs

Transient Well Pressure Analysis

Evaluation of Water Influx Performance


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References

Advanced Reservoir Engineering, Tarek Ahmed & Paul McKinney.

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L. P. Dake.

Applied Petroleum Reservoir Engineering, B. C. Craft & M. F.Hawkins.

Practical Enhanced Reservoir Engineering, Abdus Satter, GhulamM. lqbal, James K. Buchwalter.


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Chapter #1

Fundamental of Fluid Flow in Petroleum Reservoirs

Contents

Primary reservoir Characteristics

Fluid Flow Equations

Darcy's law and applications

Fluid potential definition

Types of fluids in the reservoir;Flow regimes;

Reservoir geometry;

Number of flowing fluids in the reservoir.

linear flow of incompressible fluids;

linear flow of slightly compressible fluids;

linear flow of compressible fluids;

radial flow of incompressible fluids;

radial flow of slightly compressible fluids;

radial flow of compressible fluids;

multiphase flow.

(1) steady-state flow;

(2) unsteady-state flow;

(3) pseudosteady-state flow.


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Chapter #2

Transient Well Pressure Analysis

Contents

Fundamental of well test theory

Overview of well test methodology

Important concepts in well test analysis

Interpretation of transient pressure tests

Reservoir model diagnostic


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Chapter #3

Conventional Gas Reservoirs Analysis

Contents

Vertical Gas Well Performance

Horizontal Gas Well Performance

Material Balance Equation for Conventional and Unconventional GasReservoirs

Gas flow under laminar flow condition

Gas flow under turbulent flow condition

Back pressure test

IPR curve

Volumetric method

Material balance method

Volumetric gas reservoirs

Water derive gas reservoirs


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Chapter #4

Evaluation of Oil Reservoir Performance

Contents

Primary Recovery Mechanisms

Volumetric and empirical method for reservoir analysis

Decline curve analysis and applications

The generalized Material Balance Equation

The Material Balance as an Equation of a Straight Line Reservoirs performance prediction methods


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Chapter #5

Evaluation of Water Influx Performance

Contents

Classification of Aquifers

Recognition of Natural Water Influx

Water Influx Models


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Useful Topics

Oil & Gas Reserves,


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Useful Topics

Oil & Gas Reserves,


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Useful Topics

Oil & Gas Reserves,


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Useful Topics

Oil Reserves, Oil & gas journal 2006


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Useful Topics

Gas Reserves, Oil & gas journal 2006

World Resources of Petroleum


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Useful Topics


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Unproved Reserves

Possible Reserves

Possible Reserves


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Analogy-Based Approach

Volumetric Estimates

Deterministic Methods

Stochastic Methods

Performance Analysis

Material Balance Equation

Reservoir Simulation Models

Decline Curve Analysis


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Analogy-Based Approach

Estimate the reserves in a situation where there are no solid data on wellperformance or reservoir characteristics.

However, an analogue-based approach is also the least accurate and littlereliable method of petroleum reserve estimation,

Volumetric Estimates

Deterministic Methods: The principle is to "upscale" the information

derived from the wells and supported by seismic survey, into the interwellspace by using an interpolation technique.


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The reservoir rock porosity

The permeability and net-thickness product (khN)

Volume-based average saturation of water, gas and oil.

Volumetric Estimates (Deterministic Method)

The main parameters used for a volumetric estimate:

The reservoir "gross" isopach map,

The reservoir "net" isopach map,The Net-to-Gross ratio (N/G) is an important parameter indicating the productive portion ofthe reservoir.


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Volumetric Estimates (Stochastic Method)

is usually based on the procedure of random-number generator

Assumes that the main reservoir properties all have random, possibly normal,frequency distributions, range from core to well-log data.


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Volumetric Estimates (Stochastic Method)


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Performance Analysis

Material Balance Equation

is based on the data obtained from previous reservoir performance and PVT

analysis, but involves some assumptions for the reservoir driving mechanism.

Reservoir Simulation Models

involves a numerical simulation technique, with the matching of the production

and the reservoirs previous performance (history).


is to predict future performance of the reservoir by matching the observed trend

of the production decline with one or several standard mathematical methods ofthe production rate-time (hyperbolic, harmonic, exponential, ect.).


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Different ways of data representation for a decline curve analysis

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Advanced Reservoir