ADVANCED POWERTRAIN FORUM AN …cargroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Schlimme.pdf · High-response EGR valve High-volume cooled EGR VVT-iE (Intake) Low-friction chain ... Current

R&DUnit Function

ADVANCED POWERTRAIN FORUMAN ELECTRIFICATION TIPPING POINT?

Ben Schlimme

2R&DUnit Function 8/1/2017

[Key Levers]

EVALUATION OF ELECTRIFICATION TIPPING POINT?

[Key Levers]

Electrification Tipping point evaluation through the lens of: Environment, Regulations, Fuel Price, and Consumer

Environment Regulations Fuel Price Customer

Factors for Identifying & Predicting Tipping Point


[Key Levers]

ENVIRONMENTAL TIPPING POINT?

TBD

[Key Levers]

Energy security(crude oil)Energy security(crude oil)

Climate Change(increasing GHGs)Climate Change(increasing GHGs)

Growth of global industry and technology since the 20th centuryGrowth of global industry and technology since the 20th century

Growth of motorization around the world

Growth of motorization around the world

Air pollution(ozone, SPM, etc.)Air pollution(ozone, SPM, etc.)

Surge in fossil fuel

consumption

Surge in fossil fuel

consumption

Catalysts towards electrification.


[Key Levers]

REGULATORY TIPPING POINT?Light Duty Fuel Economy Regulation 1978-2025

Catalysts towards electrification.

ZEV Mandate


Fuel Price $

HV Sales

# HV Models Offered

FUEL PRICE TIPPING POINT?

Catalyst towards electrification?

Fuel Price & Hybrid SalesSource: EIA, RL Polk


CONSUMER TIPPING POINT?

[Key Levers]

Success is born out of delivering a compelling value proposition in an ever evolving market!

10-Million Hybrid Sales

Join us in the future!!!

Hybrid Evolution 2017

1997

3.2Million

Toyota - 13 Hybrid Models


ELECTRIFICATION FUTURE.

Tank

to W

heel

CO

2(g

/km

)Worse

Better

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

02010 2020 2030 2040

20

Conventionalgasoline and diesel

HV

PHV

Corolla Segment

2050(Year)

Challenge:Zero Emission

HC,CO,NOx,PM

Electrification is the future and pairs well with the internal combustion engine.

Addressing Potential Tipping Points


TOYOTAS VISION

NEW GLOBAL ARCHITECTURE (TNGA)


POWERTRAIN DEVELOPMENT THEMES

High Environmental Performance

Further Toyotas driving performance

Outstanding driving Performance

Direct & Smooth


TOYOTA NEW GLOBAL ARCHITECTURE

[Key Levers]

New PowertrainNew PlatformHybrid SystemEngine

Transmission

TNGA marks significant advancements in platform, engine, transmission and hybrid systems.

Direct Shift-10ATFR

Dynamic Force Engine

Direct Shift-8ATFF


[Key Levers]

New enginesDynamic Force Engine (2.5-liter)

Photo: kbb.com 41 MPG Highway206hp


[Key Levers]

Environmental Environmental performance

Improved thermal

efficiency

B) Combustion qualityB) Combustion quality

C) Improved intake efficiencyC) Improved intake efficiency

A) Loss reductionA) Loss reduction

3. Friction3. Friction 4. Pumping 4. Pumping 1. Exhaust1. Exhaust 2. Cooling2. Cooling Evolution offundamental

technologies

Evolution offundamental technologies

Creation of common architecture through

TNGA

Creation of common architecture through

TNGADirect & Smooth

TOYOTA NEW GLOBAL ARCHITECTUREDynamic Force Engine Development Concept



[Key Levers]

High compression ratio

High-tumble port

IN-VVT delayed-closing control

Atkinson cycle

Resin-coated bearings

Water jacket spacer with Expad

High-response EGR valve

High-volume cooled EGR

VVT-iE (Intake)

Low-friction chain

Improvement of piston skirt surface

High tumble ratio,high-efficiency port

Optimization of bore/stroke ratio

Multi-hole direct injector(new D-4S)

Widened angle betweenintake and exhaust valves

Laser-cladded valve seat

High compression ratio

Motor-driven water pump

Flow shutoff valve

Continuous variable-capacity oil pump

Electrical control thermostat

Cylinder heads with built-in EGR cooler function

Balancer

Optimization ofmount layout

Compact hydraulic lash adjuster

Small-concave-profile camshaft

Tumble-maintaining shape, lightweight pistons

High-strength connecting rod

VVT-iExhaust

Dynamic Force Engines adopt a wide range of technologies.

New-structurewater jacket spacer

Technologies Incorporated in Dynamic Force Engines

Quietness Stability

Fuel economy Output

Fuel economy Output Clean

Response


[Key Levers]

Performance of new engines

Improved output and torque through optimal combustion and achieved cleaner exhaust

Engine rpm (rpm)

Previous EngineDynamic Force Engine

Torq

ue (N

m)

Out

put (

kW)

Power & Torque Exhaust Performance

PMpa

rtic

le c

ount

PreviousEngine

Dynamic Force Engine

-60%

280

260

240

220

200

180

160

140

170

150

130

110

90

70

50

30800 72002400 4000 5600

TOYOTA NEW GLOBAL ARCHITECTUREPerformance of New Dynamic Force Engines



[Key Levers]

2.5L TNGA improves acceleration & fuel economy

Conventional engine-powered vehicle

Fuel

eco

nom

y (U

.S. c

ombi

ned

fuel

eco

nom

y)

Previous powertrain(2AR-FE + 6AT)

(con

trib

utio

n by

pow

ertr

ain)

New Engine (2.5-liter)&

New 8AT Transmission

20

impr

ovem

ent

12 shorter

Acceleration time(contribution by powertrain)

Performance of New Dynamic Force EnginesHV

Previous system(2AR-FXE + THS II)

Acceleration time(contribution by powertrain)

New Engine (2.5-liter)&

New THS II

20

impr

ovem

ent

10 shorter

Fuel

eco

nom

y (U

.S. c

ombi

ned

fuel

eco

nom

y)(c

ontr

ibut

ion

by p

ower

trai

n)


[Key Levers]

Maximum Thermal Efficiency (%)

Spec

ific

pow

er (k

W/L

)(m

axim

um o

utpu

t/dis

plac

emen

t)

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

32 34 36 38 40 42 44

Dynamic ForceEngines

Current trade-off line

Current Toyota high thermal efficiency engine

Toyota

Competitors

ICE engine improvement benefits customers while supporting regulatory requirements.

New engineHV

41%Newengine

40%

Performance of New Dynamic Force EnginesTOYOTA NEW GLOBAL ARCHITECTURE


ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES

[Key Levers]

Great driving performance + great environmental performance

LEXUS LC 500h


ELECTRIFICATION STRATEGIES

New THS II enhancements began with new Prius.

New hybrid system development concept

Environmental Environmental Performance

Direct & Smooth

Improved hybrid effect1

2 Improved transmission efficiency

4 Evolution of control technology

5 THS additional value

Engine-off in low-efficiency range Use of engines high efficiency area Energy regeneration

3 More compact dimensions and lighter weight


[Key Levers]

Improved THS II paired with Dynamic Force 2.5L L4


New THS II system for 2.5-liter engines

Lithium-ion

TRANSAXLE POWER CONTROL UNIT

Nickle-metal hydride

BATTERY

Packaging Efficiency Mass Size Charge Performance Control Strategies


[Key Levers]

Multi-stage THS II combines outstanding fuel economy and road performance for rear-wheel-drive passenger vehicles.


THS Stage mechanism(Gear change section)

Multi-Stage THS II


[Key Levers]

Use of Dual Motor Drive system makes powerful EV driving possible


EV Mode ImprovementPlug-In HV


[Key Levers]

Future EV development set to support global electrification towards ZERO C02.


Future EV ProgramsToyota EV Programs Past & Present

Furthering electrification technologies across the Toyota line-up.

EV

EV Business Planning Department


Fuel Cell technology commitment continues with Project Portal!

Fuel Cell VehicleELECTRIFICATION STRATEGIES

Image: Dittmar Muller

[Key Levers]


ELECTRIFICATION PHILOSOPHY

[Key Levers]

Just like ICE, electrified powertrains are not a 1 size fits all.

Toyotas Vision of Mobility Zones

EnergySources

Vehi

cle

Size

Travel distance

HV/PHV Zone

HEV

PHV

Passenger CarEV Zone

EV

Short-distanceHome Delivery

Vehicle

PersonalMobility

Electricity

FCV Zone

Home delivery truck

Class 8 Truck

FCVBUS)

FCV

Shuttle bus

HydrogenHydrocarbon


ELECTRIFICATION FUTURE

[Key Levers]

Contribution of Growth in Advanced Technologies

2020 2050 Year

Vehicles with conventional engines

HV

PHV

FCV

2010

Sale

s Vo

lum

e

EV


[Key Levers]

Thank you for your kind attention

Documents

ADVANCED POWERTRAIN FORUM AN …cargroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Schlimme.pdf · High-response EGR valve High-volume cooled EGR VVT-iE (Intake) Low-friction chain ... Current