1

Advanced Placement

United States History

Chapter 13

Bailey/Cohen/Kennedy

The American Pageant

2

•Federalist Party Dead

•Democratic-Republicans

•1824 – 25% of Voters

•1840 – 78% of Voters

•Whig Party

•Democratic Party

3

Election of 1824

Democratic-Republicans:

John Quincy

Adams Henry Clay

4

Election of 1824

Democratic-Republicans:

William H.

Crawford

Andrew

Jackson

5

Adams

Jackson

Clay

Crawford

Others

Election of 1824

Adams

6

Election of 1824

Corrupt Bargain of 1825

John Quincy

Adams Henry Clay

7

Election of 1824

Corrupt Bargain of 1825

•Secret Meeting Between Adams & Clay

•Clay Becomes Secretary of State

•Crawford Dying from a Stroke

8

Election of 1824

Henry Clay’s American System:

•Strong National Bank

•Protectionist Tariff

•Federal Government

Promotes Internal

Improvements

9

Henry Clay’s American System:

Connected by National Roads and

Canals – the West Provides Food for

East and South & Raw Materials to

Factories of the North

++++++++++

South Provides Cotton to Factories

of the North

++++++++++

North Provides Manufactured Goods

Need by West and South

10

Adams Administration

•Refused to Use the Spoils

System

•Strong Nationalist

•Recommended Nat’l University,

Nat’l Observatory, Fed. Funding

of Internal improvements

11

Election of 1828

•Two National Parties – Whigs

& Democrats

•Andrew Jackson – Democrats

•Martin Van Buren - Whigs

12

Adams Administration

•Nation Moves Away from

Nationalism to Sectionalism

•Southerners Fear Powerful

National Government

•Westerners Hate Adams Land

Policies

13

Election of 1828

Andrew Jackson

(Jacksonian Democrats)

John Q. Adams

(National Republicans)

Jackson

14

Jackson Administration

•Spoils System

•“Rotation in Office”

•Samuel Swartwout

15

Jackson Administration

•Tariff of Abominations

•Tariff of 1828

•South Carolina Exposition

•John C. Calhoun

•South Carolina Nullification

Convention

16

Jackson Administration

•Gov. Robert Y. Hayne

•Henry Clay

•Tariff of 1832

•Force Bill

Henry Clay

17

Jackson Administration

•Indian Removal - Trail of Tears

•Five Civilized Tribes

•Black Hawk War - Seminole War

18

Indian Removal - Trail of Tears

Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole

Five Civilized Tribes

19

The Bank War

Paper Currency

Wildcat Banks

20

The Bank War

Nicholas Biddle

President of the

Bank of the U.S.

Daniel Webster

U.S. Senator

Whig Leader

Bank Supporter

21

The Bank War

Henry Clay

U.S. Senator

Whig Leader

Bank Supporter

1832 – Bank Charter

Renewal

Jackson Veto

22

Election of 1832

1st

Election with 3rd Party

Anti-Masonic Party

1st

Election with Nat’l

Nominating Conventions

All Three Parties

1st

Election with Party

Platforms

Anti-Masonic and Nat’l Republicans

23

Election of 1832

Henry Clay – National Republicans

Andrew Jackson - Democrats

Clay Jackson

24

Election of 1832

Andrew

Jackson

Democrats

Wins Support in the West,

South, Middle States, and

in New England

Anti-Bank Stand

25

Election of 1832

Henry Clay

National

Republicans

Heavy Support from the Bank

of the U.S. and Newspaper

Editors Bribed by Nicholas

Biddle

Pro-Bank Stand

26

Election of 1832

Andrew Jackson

(Jacksonian Democrats)

Henry Clay

(National Republicans)

Anti-Masonic

Others

Jackson

27

Jackson Destroys

Bank of the U.S.

Jackson Withdraws

Federal Funds from Bank

of the United States

28

Bank is Destroyed

Jackson Withdraws

Federal Funds from Bank

of the United States

•Pet Banks

•Wildcat Banks

•Specie Circular

•Panic of 1837

29

Election of 1836

Whigs Adopt Favorite Son

Strategy

Martin Van Buren – Democrats

William H. Harrison - Whigs

30

Election of 1836

Van Buren (Democratic)

Harrison (Whig) White

(Whig) Webster

(Whig) Mangum

(Independent)

Van Buren

31

Van Buren

Administration

Problems:

•Canadian Border

•Texas Annexation

•Anti-Slavery Controversy

•Panic of 1837

32

Panic of 1837

Causes:

*Land Speculation

*Specie Circular

*Failed European Banks

100s of Wildcat Banks Fail

Independent Treasury Bill

of 1840 – Divorce Bill

33

Texas Revolution

Stephen F. Austin

Antonio Lopez de

Santa Anna

34

Texas Revolution

Battle of the Alamo

Battle of San Jacinto

Sam Houston

35

Election of 1840

Martin Van Buren – Democrats

William H. Harrison – Whigs

“The Farmer from North Bend”

“Tippecanoe and Tyler , Too!”

Harrison Van Buren

36

Election of 1840

Harrison

William H. Harrison

(Whig)

Martin Van Buren

(Democratic)

37

Two Party System

Democrats:

•States Rights supporters

•Strict Construction of

Constitution

•People the Only Sovereign

Power

•Exalted the Individual

38

Two Party System

Whigs:

•Favored Powerful Nat’l

Government – Social Harmony

•Support National Bank & High

Protectionist Tariffs

•Internal Improvements, Public

Schools

•Reforms – Prohibition, Abolition

39

Two Party System

Both Democrats &

Whigs:

•Depended upon Masses for

Support – Common Man

•Drew Support from all Sections of

Nation – North, South, West

•Promoted Idea of the Union or

National Unity

40

Cited:

Andrew Jackson -

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/spe

ccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.

mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/speccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson.html&h

=400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n9YXjDWNR_EJ:&tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&pre

v=/images%3Fq%3DAndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-

8%26sa%3DN

William H. Crawford -

http://www.ustreas.gov/offices/management/curator/collection/secretary/images/craw

ford.jpg

Henry Clay -

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/catalogues

/people/clay.jpeg&imgrefurl=http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/catalogues/peop_clay.

html&h=600&w=496&sz=26&tbnid=SGeA7Ij7EwEJ:&tbnh=131&tbnw=109&start=

4&prev=/images%3Fq%3DHenry%2BClay%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-

8%26sa%3DG

John Q. Adams -

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pnp/cph/3c10000/3c17000/3c17100/3c17119r.jpg

Election of 1828 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail128.html

Election of 1824 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail125.html

41

Cited:

Andrew Jackson 3 -

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/speccol/sc1500/s

c1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/

speccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson.html&h=400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n9YXjDWN

R_EJ:&tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den

%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DN

Van Buren -

http://www.americanpresident.org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/VanBurenPo

rtrait.image.jpg

John Q. Adams 3 - http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pnp/cph/3c10000/3c17000/3c17100/3c17119r.jpg

William Henry Harrison 2 -

http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/pictures/images/harrison.jpg

Andrew Jackson 2 - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00018.jpg

Sequoyah 1- www.nativeamericans.com/ FiveCivilizedTribes.htm

Nicolas Biddle - www.jersey.syd-fyn.dk/ Alderney-Breeders-usa.htm

Daniel Webster - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/38_00564.gif

William Henry Harrison -

http://www.americanpresident.org/history/williamhharrison/biography/resources/images/WHHPortr

ait.image.jpg

"The Trail of Tears" by Robert Lindneu -

http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/t029/T029042A.jpg

Election of 1840 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/00000092.htm

Election of 1832 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/0000008a.htm

Election of 1836 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/0000008f.htm

42

Cited:

Bank of the U.S. - lincoln.lib.niu.edu/ 498R/doc1/Cartoons.html

Trail of Tears - www.pbs.org/wgbh/ aia/part4/4narr4.html

Trail of Tears 2 - www.learner.org/ biographyofamerica/prog08/maps

John C. Calhoun - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00009.jpg

Andrew Jackson 1 -

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic

/xlarge/32_00018.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.blahedo.org/blog/archives/2003_07.html&h=739&w=

610&sz=303&tbnid=_eV7sXBkLaMJ:&tbnh=138&tbnw=114&start=3&prev=/images%3Fq%3DA

ndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DN

Andrew Jackson 2 - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00018.jpg

Andrew Jackson 3 -

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/speccol/sc1500/s

c1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/

speccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson.html&h=400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n9YXjDWN

R_EJ:&tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den

%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DN

Van Buren -

http://www.americanpresident.org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/VanBurenPo

rtrait.image.jpg

Henry Clay 3 - http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/images/2003/HenryClay.jpg

43

Cited:

Daniel Webster - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Danielwebster2.jpe

Martin Van Buren -

http://www.americanpresident.org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/VanBurenPo

rtrait.image.jpg

William Henry Harrison -

http://www.americanpresident.org/history/williamhharrison/biography/resources/images/WHHPortr

ait.image.jpg