Advanced Concepts – 5G · D2D communication as well-integrated part of the overall wireless access solution ... Microsoft PowerPoint - 16_CCS-5G_ws17.ppt [Kompatibilitätsmodus]

Advanced Concepts – 5G

Background Applications & Requirements Radio Technology Candidates Networking Trends Status and Timeline

Parts of the presentation are taken from material that has been provided by M. Meyer (Ericsson Research, Germany) and M. Lott (DoCoMo Euro-Labs, Germany)

Cellular Communication Systems 2Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mueckenheim Nov. 2017

5G – Background

Dramatic change of mobile communication landscape Data hungry applications requiring further increase of bandwidth M2M (machine to machine) comm. requires huge number of

connected devices New applications with extreme low latency and high reliability

requirements Limits of 4G to fulfill these requirements due to applied methods and system

structure Limits in network capacity due to access scheme and resource

management Latency limit > 20ms due to frame structure and network topology

Transmission techniques are further advancing Increased signal processing capabilities allow new approaches Modern components (amplifier, mixers, etc.) allow cost-efficient use

also on higher frequency bands, esp. > 10 GHz=> many research activities in Europe, North America and Asia on 5G

Target: 5G mobile communication systems emerge around 2020


5G – Use Cases and Examples

Source: “NGNM 5G White paper,” NGNM Alliance, Feb. 2015


Key Capabilities

Key capabilities for different usage scenarios

Enhancement of key capabilities from IMT-Advanced to IMT-2020

Source: “Recommendation ITU-R M.2083-0,” ITU, Sep. 2015


5G Requirements and Performance Targets

High Data Rates

10 – 100 x increaseeven for high mobility

High System Capacity

1000 x improvementin capacity per area

Massive DeviceConnectivity

100 x improvementeven in crowded areas

Reduced Latency

Latency < 1msend-to-end

Energy Saving &Cost Reduction

Network & Terminalsincl. backhaul


Directions of Evolution – The 5G Cube

Traffic Capacity [MBps/m2]

Available Spectrum [MHz]

• Spectrum extension

• Licensed/ unlicensed access

Network Density [sites/km2]

• Network densification

• Higher frequencies

• Advanced beamforming

Spectrum Efficiency [MBps/MHz/site]

• Massive MIMO

• Flexible Multi-Access/Duplexing

• Reduction of control overhead

5G

curr.cap.


New Spectrum for 5G

From sub-GHz to mm-Wave

Lower frequencies for full-area coverage

Complementary use of higher frequencies

Extreme traffic capacity and data rates in dense scenarios


OFDM as a Base for Physical Layer Flexibility

Modifying characteristicsby digital signal processing


Enhanced Multiple-Access Schemes

Application of non-orthogonal access schemes, e.g. NOMA or SCMA Usage of advanced interference cancellation techniques Exploitation of pathloss differences between the users Random access based data transmission


Duplex Arrangement

FDD dominating in lower (licensed) bands Coverage benefits Avoids some nasty interference

situations (BS BS, device device)

TDD more relevant for higher bands targeting very wide bandwidths in dense deployments Easier to find unpaired spectrum More dynamic traffic variations Access nodes and devices

becoming more similar


Beam-Forming Applications

5G air-interface optimized for beam-formed operation Beam-centric design considerations:

Self-contained transmissions allowing for rapid beam re-direction “Beam mobility” – Mobility between beams rather than nodes System plane matched to beam-formed user plane


Device-to-Device Communication

D2D communication as well-integrated part of the overall wireless access solution Direct peer-to-peer D2D communication as an overall more efficient mode Direct D2D communication as a means to extend coverage (device-based

relaying) High-speed inter-device communication provides “joint” transmission

and/or reception between multiple devices (cooperative devices)


Ultra-Lean Design

Minimize network transmissions not directly related to user-data delivery Resources are treated as

undefined unless explicitly indicated otherwise

Advantages Reduced interference Higher achievable data rates Enhanced network energy

performance Future-proof design


Decoupling of User Data and System Control Information

Scale user-plane capacity independently of system control resources Well-matched to beam-formed radio-interface design Well-aligned with ultra-lean design


5G – Wireless Access

Evolution of existing technology + New radio-access technology LTE will be integral part of the overall 5G radio solution Application of selected 5G technologies also to LTE-Advanced


5G Technologies Interworking

5G shall tightly interwork with existing 4G networks Offers a smooth way for migration to 5G

Dual connectivity Initial deployment on higher

bands for extreme traffic capacity and data rates

LTE on lower bands for full coverage and robust mobility Smooth introduction of 5G

in new spectrum

User-plane aggregation Migration into legacy bands

while retaining full bandwidthavailability for new devices Smooth migration of new RAT

into legacy bands


SDN & NFV as Enablers for 5G

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is complementary to Software Defined Networking (SDN) SDN: Abstraction and programmability of virtualized transport NFV: Realization of network functions on commodity IT servers by means

of virtualization and cloud technologies

SDN and NFV provide means to fulfill future requirements of a 5G architecture Open interfaces To help

integrate different componentsholistically

HW independency Possibledue to decoupling of SW and HW

Pre-standardization by ETSI NFV-ISG Source: “Network Functions Virtualisation –Introductory White Paper,” ETSI, 2012


Software Defined Networking


Network Function Virtualisation (NFV)

Source: “Network Functions Virtualisation – Introductory White Paper,” ETSI, 2012


SDN & NFV Properties

Benefits CAPEX reduction

Use of high volume industry standard hardware (e.g. x86-based servers) Open interface for holistic integration of components & applications Multi-vendor ecosystem for HW, platform and telco applications (avoiding vendor

lock-in) Multiplexing gain: Optimization of resource sharing between different services

OPEX reduction Quick & easy deployment of new services Dynamic and flexible resource allocation (scale-in/ scale-out) Energy efficient operation (shut-down of unused resources)

Resiliency Fault tolerance - resource usage by different geographical areas Auto-healing

Challenges Significant overhead: processing power, signaling, etc. Increased complexity of operation Handling of latency for delay-critical items


Network Slicing – Ideas for the Network Architecture for 5G

Slicing of a single physical network into multiple, virtual, end-to-end networks Logical isolation of devices, access, transport and core network for different

types of services with different characteristics and requirements Dedicated (virtual) resources for each slice isolated from other slices Single physical network to support a variety of devices with different

characteristics and needs, e.g. mobile broadband, massive IoT, mission-critical IoT, etc. with different features wrt mobility, charging, security, policy control, latency, reliability, etc.

5G Use Case Example RequirementsMobile Broadband 4K/8K UHD, hologram,

AR/VRHigh capacity, video cache

Massive IoT Sensor network (metering, agriculture, building, logistics, city, home, etc.)

Massive connection(200,000/km2)mostly immobile devices

Mission-critical IoT Motion control, autonomousdriving, automated factory, smart-grid

Low latency (ITS 5ms, motion control 1 ms)high reliability


Network Slicing: Single Network for Different Services


Network Slicing, SDN and NFV


Mobile Network Architecture – Evolution Path


5G – Status (Dec. 2015)

5G is still in a research stage with various activities Europe: METIS, HORIZON 2020, METIS-II, … North-America: many university programs Asia: activities in Japan, China and South-Korea

Cooperation between university research groups, manufacturers and operators Many 5G research centers around the world In Europe: Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) projects Demonstration of some 5G capabilities: 10 GBps, 1 ms, … Also focus on new applications such as IoT, Car2x, …

Operators are already defining their requirements for the new system White papers from 4G Americas, NGMN

The ITU-R is working on the requirements Preparation for World Radio Conference 2019

3GPP has started their work on 5G First RAN workshop on 5G in Sep. 2015 The requirements and scope of the new radio interface will be established by RAN

in a new SI starting in December 2015 There shall be new SI on system architecture to be approved by SA

See 5gworldnews.com for details


5G Timeline – Phased Approach

NGMN and ITU aligned, with an initial 5G in 2nd half of 2018


5G Literature and References

5G research papers G. Fettweis, S. Alamouti: “5G: Personal Mobile Internet beyond What Cellular Did

to Telephony,” IEEE Com. Mag., Feb. 2014, pp. 140 – 145 A. Osseiran et al: “Scenarios for 5G Mobile and Wireless, Communications: The

Vision of the METIS Project,” IEEE Com. Mag., May 2014, pp. 26 – 35 E. Dahlman et al: “5G Wireless Access: Requirements and Realization,” IEEE Com.

Mag., Dec. 2014, pp. 42 – 47 G. Wunder et al: “5GNOW: Non-Orthogonal, Asynchronous Waveforms for Future

Mobile Applications,” IEEE Com. Mag., Feb. 2014, pp. 97 – 105 P.K. Agyapong et al: “Design Consideration for a 5G Network Architecture,” IEEE

Com. Mag., Nov. 2014, pp. 65 – 755G white papers

NGMN Alliance: “5G White Paper,” Feb. 2015 4G Americas: “5G Technology Evolution Recommendations,” Oct. 2015 ITU-R: “IMT Vision – Framework and overall objectives of the future development

of IMT for 2020 and beyond,” Recommendation ITU-R M.2083-0, Sep. 20155G books

Afif Osseiran, Jose F. Monserrat, Patrick Marsch: “5G Mobile and Wireless Communications Technology,” Cambridge University Press, June 2016.

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Advanced Concepts – 5G · D2D communication as well-integrated part of the overall wireless access solution ... Microsoft PowerPoint - 16_CCS-5G_ws17.ppt [Kompatibilitätsmodus]