Adult Learning and Education: Canada Progress Report 2012- Council of Ministers of Education Canada

7/30/2019 Adult Learning and Education: Canada Progress Report 2012- Council of Ministers of Education Canada

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Mhylx

Limrekeo meh

Ihycmxkne

Cmemhm zrnoriss riznrx gnr

xfi YEISCN Olnbml Riznrx neMhylx Limrekeo meh Ihycmxkne

&ORMLI+ meh xfi ieh ng xfi

Yekxih Emxknes Lkxirmc{

Hicmhi



Ci rmzznrx isx ëomliaiex hksznekbli ie grmeïmks snys li xri Mzzriessmoi ix ëhycmne his mhylxis

CNYECKL NG AKEKSXIRS NG IHYCMXKNE, CMEMHM

;9 SX% CLMKR MWIEYI _ISX, SYKXI ==:7

XNRNEXN, NEXMRKN A8W =E7

CMEMHM

kegnramneJcaic%cm

« 2:=2 Cnyeckl ng Akeksxirs ng Ihycmne Cmemhm

Xfi Aiabir Sxmxis ng YEISCN fmwi biie msìh xn zrizmri

zrnoriss riznrxs ne hiwilnzaiexs ke mhylx limrekeo skeci 2::;&CNEGKEXIM WK+ meh ke lkxirmc{ skeci 2::7% YEISCN fms zrnwkhihhixmklih oykhilkeis gnr xfi zrizmrmne ng xfks hncyaiex, ke xfignra ng m riznreo xiazlmxi xfmx sii`s kegnramne ne mhylxihycmne meh lkxirmc{ sycf ms znlkckis, onwiremeci, emeckeo,zmrckzmne, meh }ymlkx{% Xfks riznrx ks Cmemhm‛s risznesi

xn xfmx ri}yisx, hiwilnzih dnkexl{ b{ Cmemhm‛s zrnwkeckml mehxirrkxnrkml akeksxrkis riszneskbli gnr ihycmne xfrnyof xfikrkexironwireaiexml bnh{, xfi Cnyeckl ng Akeksxirs ng Ihycmne,Cmemhm &CAIC+0 xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm, rizrisiexih b{Fyame Risnyrcis meh S`klls Hiwilnzaiex Cmemhm &FRSHC+0 mehxfi Cmemhkme Cnaaksskne gnr YEISCN &CCY+%



Mhylx Limrekeo meh

Ihycmxkne

Cnexiexs

IVICYXKWI SYAAMR[ =

=% CNEXIVXYMLKTKEO CMEMHM‛S RISZNESI ;

=%=% Emxyri ng xfks riznrx ;

=%2% Cmemhm‛s Ieomoiaiex ke YEISCN Mhylx Ihycmxkne meh Lkxirmc{Zrknrkxkis =:

=%3% Higkekeo Mhylx Ihycmxkne meh Lkxirmc{ ke Cmemhm ==

=%8% Hianormzfkc Cnexivx =7

=%9% Ihycmxkne ke Cmemhm =?

2% MHYLX!LIMREKEO MEH S@KLLS!HIWILNZAIEX S[SXIAS KE CMEMHM =;

2%=% Znlkc{ =;

2%2% Onwiremeci 28

2%3% Gkemeckeo 26

2%8% Zrnormas meh zmrxkckzmxkne 3=

2%9% ]ymlkx{ mssyrmeci 36

2%7% Aimsyrkeo zrnoriss 3;





=IVICYXKWI SYAAMR[

IVICYXKWI SYAAMR[CNEXIVXYMLKTKEO CMEMHM‛S RISZNESI

Emxyri ng xfks riznrx

Xfi gncys ng xfks riznrx ks ne zrnoriss amhi ke mhylx ihycmxkne meh lkxirmc{znlkckis, onwiremeci, gkemeckeo, zmrxkckzmxkne, meh }ymlkx{% Kx ms hiwilnzih dnkexl{b{ Cmemhm‛s zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml akeksxrkis riszneskbli gnr ihycmxkne, xfrnyofxfikr kexironwireaiexml bnh{, xfi Cnyeckl ng Akeksxirs ng Ihycmxkne, Cmemhm&CAIC+0 xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm, rizrisiexih b{ Fyame Risnyrcis meh S`kllsHiwilnzaiex Cmemhm &FRSHC+0 meh xfi Cmemhkme Cnaaksskne gnr YEISCN &CCY+%

Xfks nr` ms lih meh cnazklih b{ CAIC%

Cmemhm‛s ieomoiaiex ke YEISCN mhylx ihycmne meh lkxirmc{ zrknrkis

Xfi Skvxf Kexiremxkneml Cnegirieci ne Mhylx Ihycmxkne &CNEGKEXIM WK+ xnn` zlmcike Bilëa, Brmtkl ke Hiciabir 2::;% Xfi Bilëa Grmainr` gnr Mcxkne, xfi gkeml

hncyaiex ng CNEGKEXIM WK, ms mhnzxih b{ Aiabir Sxmxis, keclyhkeo Cmemhm%Kx keclyhis ricnaaiehmxknes ne mhylx lkxirmc{, znlkc{, onwiremeci, gkemeckeo,zmrxkckzmxkne, keclyskne, i}ykx{, }ymlkx{, meh xfi anekxnrkeo ng zrnoriss xnmrhxfi Bilëa ricnaaiehmxknes% Xfks riznrx gylgklls xfi Bilëa cnaakxaiex xn xfianekxnrkeo ng zrnoriss kxf riszicx xn xfisi ricnaaiehmxknes%

Xfi Yekxih Emxknes Lkxirmc{ Hicmhi &YELH+ ms hiclmrih b{ xfi Yekxih EmxknesOieirml Mssiabl{ ke Hiciabir 2::=% YEISCN, ms limh moiec{ gnr YELH, fmsmsìh kxs Aiabir Sxmxis, keclyhkeo Cmemhm, xn riznrx ne zrnoriss ke kazliaiexkeolkxirmc{ zrnormas meh zlmes ng mcxkne% Xfks riznrx sirwis ms xfi gkeml riznrx gnrCmemhm gnr xfi Yekxih Emxknes Lkxirmc{ Hicmhi, 2:=2%

Hiekeo mhylx ihycmne meh lkxirmc{ ke Cmemhm

_fkli xfiri ks en nggkckml higkekxkne ng mhylx ihycmxkne nr mhylx lkxirmc{ mx xficnyexr{ liwil ke Cmemhm, zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml onwireaiexs fmwi higkeih mcnaane wkskne gnr xfi cnecizx ng lkgilneo limrekeo mx xfi zme!Cmemhkme liwil,nyxlkeih ke xfi Limre Cmemhm 2:2: hiclmrmxkne% Lkxirmc{ ks yehirsxnnh ke xficnexivx ng xfi gnyr zkllmrs ng lkgilneo limrekeo, grna xfi imrl{ {imrs xfrnyof xnmhylxfnnh, meh ks enx szickgkc xn me{ nei moi ornyz% Xfi hiclmrmxkne gnramll{ricnoektis xfi lke` bixiie m ill!ihycmxih znzylmxkne &gnr fkcf mhylx

http://www.unesco.org/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/INSTITUTES/UIL/confintea/pdf/working_documents/Bel%C3%A9m%2520Framework_Final.pdf

http://www.unesco.org/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/INSTITUTES/UIL/confintea/pdf/working_documents/Bel%C3%A9m%2520Framework_Final.pdf



2 MHYLX LIMREKEO MEH IHYCMXKNE

ihycmxkne meh lkxirmc{ zlm{ me kaznrxmex zmrx+ meh m snckmll{ zrnorisskwi snckix{meh wkbrmex ènlihoi!bmsih icnena{%

Hianormzfkc cnexivx

Mccnrhkeo xn Cmemhm‛s 2:== Ciesys, Cmemhm fms m znzylmxkne ng 33,8?7,766,me kecrimsi ng 9%; zir ciex skeci xfi 2::7 syrwi{% Eix kexiremxkneml akormxknemccnyexs gnr xn!xfkrhs ng xfks ornxf% Mlansx ?: zir ciex ng Cmemhm‛s znzylmxknelkwis ke aixrnznlkxme mrims, kxf xfi xfrii lmroisx ng xfisi ‘ Xnrnexn, Anexriml,meh Wmecnywir ‘ cnazrkskeo 39 zir ciex ng xfi cnyexr{‛s znzylmxkne%

Cmemhm fms xn nggkckml lmeoymois4 Griecf meh Ieolksf% Xfi wmsx amdnrkx{ ng

grmecnzfneis ke Cmemhm lkwi ke ]yibic, firi ?; zir ciex riznrx Griecf ms xfikrgkrsx lmeoymoi% Ke xfi 2::7 Ciesys, m xnxml ng =,=?2,?;: Cmemhkmes khiexkgkihxfiasilwis ms Mbnrkokeml, xfmx ks, Gkrsx Emxknes, Aëxks, nr Keykx% Xfi Mbnrkokeml

znzylmxkne ks ornkeo aycf gmsxir xfme xfi ene!Mbnrkokeml znzylmxkne% Xfi 2::7Ciesys ieyairmxih nwir skv akllkne gnrikoe!bnre zinzli ke Cmemhm, mlansx 2:zir ciex ng xfi znzylmxkne% Riciex kaakormexs bnre ke Mskm amhi yz xfi lmroisxznrxkne, nwir 96 zir ciex, ng eicnairs xn Cmemhm skeci xfi zriwknys ciesys%Cmemhkmes riznrxih anri xfme 2:: hkggiriex gkrsx lmeoymois, kxf xfnsi fnsi

gkrsx lmeoymoi ks eikxfir Griecf enr Ieolksf rizrisiexkeo 2: zir ciex ng xfiznzylmxkne%

Ihycmne ke Cmemhm

Ke Cmemhm, ivicyxkwi liokslmxkwi riszneskbklkx{ gnr ihycmxkne ks ormexih xn zrnwkeciske Xfi Cnesxkxyxkne Mcx, =67?0 skaklmr riszneskbklkxkis mri hiliomxih xn xirrkxnrkisb{ xfi gihirml onwireaiex% Ms m risylx, xfiri ks en gihirml akeksxr{ ng ihycmxknemeh en skeoli zme!Cmemhkme mzzrnmcf xn mhylx ihycmxkne% Xfiri ks, fniwir,zme!Cmemhkme cnllmbnrmxkne gmcklkxmxih b{ xfi Cnyeckl ng Akeksxirs ng Ihycmxkne,Cmemhm &CAIC+, me kexironwireaiexml bnh{ gnyehih ke =;7? b{ zrnwkeckmlakeksxirs ng ihycmxkne%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm eneixfiliss fms xfi riszneskbklkx{ gnr Gkrsx Emxkne

ihycmxkne gnr Mbnrkokeml znzylmxknes fn lkwi ne risirwis% Xfks ks hilkwirihxfrnyof gihirmll{ gyehih, bmeh!mhakeksxirih scfnnls% Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhmmlsn zlm{s me kexiorml rnli ke syzznrxkeo xfi s`klls hiwilnzaiex ng Cmemhkmesb{ kewisxkeo ke znsxsicnehmr{ ihycmxkne, xrmkekeo, meh lkxirmc{ ke xfi gnra ng xrmesgirs xn zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis, risimrcf meh kegrmsxrycxyri gyehkeo, mehhkricx syzznrx xn limreirs%



3IVICYXKWI SYAAMR[

Cmemhm‛s ihycmxkne s{sxias mri rmxih maneo xfi bisx ke xfi nrlh% Xfisi s{sxiaszrnwkhi fkof!}ymlkx{ limrekeo nzznrxyekxkis meh xfi s`klls Cmemhkmes eiih xnsyccissgyll{ iexir xfi lmbnyr amrìx, mcfkiwi zirsneml sycciss meh fmzzkeiss,meh cnexrkbyxi xn m sxrneo hiancrmc{%

Cmemhm‛s ihycmxkne s{sxias mri riszneskwi xn xfi eiihs ng hkggiriex znzylmxknesmeh moi ornyzs% Zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis fmwi ihycmxkneml zrnormaakeo mxhkggiriex liwils xfmx szickgkcmll{ mhhriss xfi eiihs ng xmroix znzylmxknes mshiscrkbih ke xfks riznrx% Ke xfi Cmemhkme cnexivx, mhylx limrekeo meh s`kllshiwilnzaiex mri cneskhirih issiexkml gnr mll riskhiexs xn mcxkwil{ ieomoi keCmemhm‛s ènlihoi!bmsih icnena{%

MHYLX!LIMREKEO MEH S@KLLS!HIWILNZAIEX S[SXIAS KE CMEMHM

Znlkc{

Iwir{ Cmemhkme dyrkshkcxkne fms szickgkc sxrmxiokis, znlkckis, nr liokslmxkne rilmxkeoxn mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex xfrnyof xfikr akeksxrkis riszneskbli gnr

ihycmxkne% Skeci 2::6, m eyabir ng mhhkxkneml zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml znlkckismeh sxrmxiokis fmwi biie hiwilnzih, keclyhkeo ei liokslmxkne rilmxih xn mhylxlimrekeo, cnazrifieskwi lkxirmc{ znlkckis, meh zrnoriss xnmrh hiwilnzkeocnazrifieskwi mhylx!lkxirmc{ sxrmxiokis%

Siwirml zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis fmwi hiwilnzih znlkckis xn ricnoekti, wmlkhmxi,meh mccrihkx ene!gnraml limrekeo% Snai fmwi znlkckis ne lmeoymoi ng kesxrycxkneriglicxkeo xfi hianormzfkc meh cylxyrml hkaiesknes ng xfi znzylmxknes xfi{ sirwi%

Onwireaiexs fmwi amhi orimx iggnrxs xn hkricxl{ kewnlwi mhylx limreirs kehkscyssknes mbnyx znlkc{ meh zlmes gnr mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiexzrnormas, xfrnyof cnesylxmxkne, syrwi{s, nr gncys ornyzs, xn zrnwkhi kezyx mehgiihbmc` ne wmrknys mszicxs ng mhylx limrekeo%

Onwiremeci

Zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml akeksxrkis riszneskbli gnr ihycmxkne zlme, kazliaiex,

meh iwmlymxi znlkckis gnr mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex% Xfks ks ngxiehnei xfrnyof cnesylxmxkne meh.nr ke zmrxeirsfkz kxf nromektmxknes grna nxfironwireaiex sicxnrs, eneonwireaiexml nromektmxknes, nr xfi zrkwmxi sicxnr%Zrnormas mri hilkwirih b{ m khi szicxrya ng moieckis, nromektmxknes, mehkesxkxyxknes% Zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml onwireaiexs, ngxie ke cnnzirmxkne kxf




xfi gihirml onwireaiex, zrnwkhi aycf ng xfi gyehkeo gnr xfisi zrnormas% Ke mll dyrkshkcxknes, xfi akeksxr{ &nr akeksxrkis+ riszneskbli gnr ihycmxkne mri riszneskblignr iesyrkeo xfi cnnrhkemxkne ng mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex mcxkwkxkis%

Imcf zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml onwireaiex syzznrxs cmzmckx{ byklhkeo xniesyri xfmx hkggiriex sxmìfnlhirs mri mbli xn zmrxkckzmxi ke znlkc{ meh zrnormahiwilnzaiex ms ill ms xfi kazliaiexmxkne meh iwmlymxkne ng mhylx!limrekeo meh

s`klls!hiwilnzaiex kekxkmxkwis%

Gkemeckeo

Ke lkei kxf cnaakxaiexs amhi yehir xfi Bilëa Grmainr` gnr Mcxkne, Cmemhm‛s

zrnwkeckml, xirrkxnrkml, meh gihirml onwireaiexs ricnoekti xfi wmlyi ng kewisxkeo kemhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex, meh kxs snckml bieigkxs% Iwir{ zrnwkeci mehxirrkxnr{ zrnwkhis skoekgkcmex gyehkeo xn mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex mszmrx ng kxs nwirmll ivziehkxyri ne ihycmxkne% En cnaane byhoix kehkcmxnrs ivksxmx xfi zme!Cmemhkme liwil xn cmlcylmxi xnxml ivziehkxyris ne mhylx limrekeo mehs`klls hiwilnzaiex gnr Cmemhm% Xnxml gyehkeo szickgkcmll{ gnr mhylx lkxirmc{ ks iwieanri hkggkcylx xn hixirakei%

Zrnormas meh zmrckzmne

Xfi emxyri ng mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex nzznrxyekxkis wmrkis mcrnss

zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis, sicxnrs, meh cnaayekxkis xn aiix xfi szickgkc eiihsng xfi znzylmxknes xfi{ sirwi% Zrnormas mri ke mrims sycf ms bmskc s`klls mehlimrekeo zrnormas gnr mhylxs, Ieolksf nr Griecf ms m sicneh.mhhkxkneml lmeoymoi,cnaayekx{ meh wnlyexiir!xyxnr mhylx!lkxirmc{ zrnormas, wncmxkneml ihycmxkne mehxrmkekeo, mzzriexkcisfkzs, meh nr`zlmci meh nr`gnrci limrekeo%

Ke mlansx mll zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis, kegnramxkne meh cnaayekcmxknexicfenlnokis mri ysih ke xfi hilkwir{ ng mx limsx snai ng xfisi zrnormas% Ansx

dyrkshkcxknes zrnwkhi xfisi zrnormas ke bnxf ng Cmemhm‛s nggkckml lmeoymois, fklinxfirs zrnwkhi xfia ke Ieolksf nel{%

Ansx ‘ byx enx mll ‘ zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis nr` kxf gnricmsxs gnr xfi syzzl{ng meh hiameh gnr mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormas, mlxfnyof

xfisi mri snaixkais lkakxih xn kegnraml aimsyris sycf ms xfi lieoxf ng mkxkeolksxs%



9IVICYXKWI SYAAMR[

Ansx zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis fmwi xmroixih szickgkc limreir ornyzs ke xfikrmhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex znlkckis% Mll keclyhi m gncys ne {nyxf,Mbnrkokeml limreirs, xfi yeiazln{ih, meh zirsnes kxf hksmbklkxkis% Ansx gncys nekaakormexs%

Limrekeo amxirkmls gnr mhylx ihycmxkne mri hiwilnzih ke wmrknys m{s b{ hkggiriexzrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis% Mlansx mll zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis xrmc` limreir!liwilkegnramxkne meh hmxm ne limrekeo nyxcnais%

]ymlkx{ mssyrmeci

]ymlkx{ mssyrmeci fms bicnai kecrimskeol{ kaznrxmex ms Cmemhm‛s lmehscmzi

ng ihycmxkne meh xrmkekeo zrnwkhirs bicnais anri hkwirsi% Imcf zrnwkeci mehxirrkxnr{ fms kxs ne mzzrnmcf xn }ymlkx{ mssyrmeci meh }ymlkx{ crkxirkm% Neonkeozrngisskneml hiwilnzaiex ks mlsn mwmklmbli ke mll zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis xfrnyofznsxsicnehmr{ kesxkxyxknes% Ansx mlsn zrnwkhi zrngisskneml hiwilnzaiex xfrnyofxfikr akeksxr{ ng ihycmxkne nr scfnnl bnmrhs meh xfrnyof eneonwireaiexmlnromektmxknes%

Aimsyrkeo zrnoriss

Xfiri mri m wmrkix{ ng kehkcmxnrs ysih mcrnss Cmemhm xn anekxnr meh iwmlymximhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormas% Kexiremxkneml syrwi{s, sycf

ms xfi 2::3 Mhylx Lkxirmc{ meh Lkgi S`klls Syrwi{ &MLL+ meh xfi yzcnakeo NICHZrnormaai gnr xfi Kexiremxkneml Mssissaiex ng Mhylx Cnazixieckis &ZKMMC+,zrnwkhi znzylmxkne!bmsih mssissaiex ng xfi s`kll liwils ng mhylxs% Ansx zrnwkecismeh xirrkxnrkis ysi mhakeksxrmxkwi hmxm ne iernlaiexs meh zmrxkckzmxkne zrnwkhihb{ sirwkci zrnwkhirs% Snai mlsn ysi emxkneml ciesys hmxm meh hkricx xisxkeo%

Ansx zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis riznrx xfmx xfi{ gmci cfmllieois ke cnllicxkeomhylx!limrekeo hmxm, rmeokeo grna yemwmklmbklkx{ ng hmxm ‘ iszickmll{ ne kekxkmxkwisenx gyehih b{ onwireaiex ‘ xn kecnesksxiex riznrxkeo meh m lmc` ng cnesksxiexsxmehmrhs%

Ansx onwireaiexs fmwi cnaaksskneih sxyhkis ke nrhir xn kegnra mhylx!limrekeomeh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex znlkc{, zrnorma hiskoe, meh kazliaiexmxkne%

Nel{ m gi zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis fmwi hmxm ne isxkamxih riayeirmxkne gnrihycmxnrs.gmcklkxmxnrs ke mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormas nr gnrxfnsi fn gncys szickgkcmll{ ne mhylx lkxirmc{%

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CMEMHM‛S CNEXKEYKEO IEOMOIAIEX _KXF YEISCN ZRKNRKXKIS

CNEGKEXIM WK gnlln!yz

Skeci 2::;, Kexiremxkneml Mhylx Limreirs‛ _ii` &KML_+ ke Cmemhm fms biiehihkcmxih xn xfi gnlln!yz ng CNEGKEXIM WK kxf xfi cnnzirmxkne ng CCY%Iwir{ {imr, zmrxeirs nr` xnoixfir xn ivmakei xfi Bilëa Grmainr` gnr Mcxkne

ricnaaiehmxknes xfmx zrisiex zmrxkcylmr cfmllieois meh cfnnsi m gncys xniecnyrmoi xfi sfmrkeo meh zrnanxkne ng xfi mcxkne yehirxmìe ke Cmemhm xfmxcnylh keszkri nxfirs xn aiix xfnsi cfmllieois%

Zmrxeirs keclyhi nromektmxknes rizrisiexkeo Mbnrkokeml zinzlis, grmecnzfneis,

zirsnes kxf hksmbklkxkis, kaakormexs, zinzli lkwkeo ke oinormzfkcmll{ rianxi mehksnlmxih cnaayekxkis, meh sieknrs, ms ill ms nggkckmls grna gihirml, zrnwkeckml, mehxirrkxnrkml onwireaiexs%

Iwir{ {imr, xfi ornkeo kexirisx ng xfi KML_ ks kllysxrmxih b{ orimxir zmrxkckzmxkneng zrnwkeckml onwireaiexs meh zmrxeirs% Skeci CNEGKEXIM WK ke Hiciabir 2::;,m eyabir ng ei kekxkmxkwis fmwi biie yehirxmìe mcrnss Cmemhm% Ei mhylx!ihycmxkne meh lkxirmc{ znlkckis fmwi biie hiwilnzih ke Mlbirxm, Ei Bryeskc`,Nexmrkn, Enwm Scnxkm, meh Eignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr% Enrxfisx Xirrkxnrkiskexrnhycih kxs Mbnrkokeml Lmeoymois Zlme &fxxz4..%ici%onw%ex%cm.+%

_nr`zlmci meh nr`gnrci xrmkekeo kekxkmxkwis fmwi mlsn biie hiwilnzih ke meyabir ng dyrkshkcxknes, meh ei zrnormas meh risnyrcis fmwi biie hiwilnzihke m eyabir ng zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis xn kazrnwi xfi }ymlkx{ ng meh mcciss xnlimrekeo nzznrxyekxkis% Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm ks cyrriexl{ ivzlnrkeo eimeh keenwmxkwi m{s ng gyehkeo zrndicxs xfmx mhhriss lkxirmc{ meh issiexkml!s`kllssfnrxmois maneo mhylx Cmemhkmes%

Skeci xfi Yekxih Emxknes Lkxirmc{ Hicmhi akh!xira riwki, lkxirmll{ fyehrihs ng mcxkwkxkis meh kekxkmxkwis fmwi biie lmyecfih ke Cmemhm xn kazrnwi xfi lkxirmc{liwils ng Cmemhkmes% Ansx enxmbl{, zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml lkxirmc{ znlkckis fmwiikxfir biie kexrnhycih nr mri ke hiwilnzaiex ke mll ng Cmemhm‛s =3 zrnwkecis meh

xirrkxnrkis%

Xn amdnr iwiexs mri filh meeymll{ ke Cmemhm xn rmksi mmrieiss meh zrnanxixfi kaznrxmeci ng lkxirmc{4 xfi zrisiexmxkne ng xfi Cnyeckl ng xfi GihirmxkneLkxirmc{ Mmrh meh Kexiremxkneml Lkxirmc{ Hm{% Xfisi mri ke mhhkxkne xn xfi



?IVICYXKWI SYAAMR[

eyairnys lncml zrktis meh iwiexs mkaih mx rmkskeo mmrieiss mbnyx xfikaznrxmeci ng lkxirmc{%

Cmemhm‛s zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis cnexkeyi xn hiwilnz s{sxia!khi sxrmxiokis gnrbyklhkeo meh amkexmkekeo lkxirmc{ s`klls% Xfisi zrnanxi mhylx!s klls hiwilnzaiexmeh yzormhkeo xfmx cme sirwi xn bnlsxir mhylxs‛ cmzmckx{ xn mcciss gyrxfir limrekeo,cnazixi gnr bixxir dnbs, meh cnexrkbyxi xn xfi snckml meh icnenakc hiwilnzaiexng xfikr cnaayekxkis%

Mcxkwkxkis skeci xfi 2::7 YELH akh!xira riwki

Skeci xfi Yekxih Emxknes Lkxirmc{ Hicmhi akh!xira riwki, lkxirmll{ fyehrihs ng

mcxkwkxkis meh kekxkmxkwis fmwi xmìe zlmci ke Cmemhm xn kazrnwi xfi lkxirmc{ liwilsng Cmemhkmes%

Riamkekeo cfmllieois

Cmemhm gmcis siwirml cfmllieois ke kxs iggnrxs xn kecrimsi mhylx lkxirmc{ mehissiexkml s`klls% Zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis fmwi khiexkgkih m rmeoi ng xfisi,keclyhkeo4

• mssissaiex, hmxm, meh iwmlymne

• ene!gnraml limrekeo meh circmne.crihiemls

• cnnrhkemne ng zrnorma hilkwir{• gyehkeo

• lmc` ng cmzmckx{

• limrekeo aixfnhs.hilkwir{ anhils.xnnls meh risnyrcis

• zmrxeirsfkzs meh cktie ieomoiaiex

• cylxyrmll{ mzzrnzrkmxi zrnormaakeo

• kecrimsih mcciss

• limreir ricrykxaiex

Gyxyri zrnszicxs

Cmemhkme dyrkshkcxknes mri nzxkaksxkc mbnyx xfi zrnszicxs gnr sysxmkekeo iggnrxs kelkxirmc{ bi{neh 2:=3% Ke ame{ dyrkshkcxknes, onwireaiexs fmwi ivzrissih m sxrneocnaakxaiex xn cnexkeyih syzznrx ng lkxirmc{ kekxkmxkwis% Siwirml dyrkshkcxknes




mri hiwilnzkeo nr kazliaiexkeo ei, cnazrifieskwi, sxrmxiokc mhylx!lkxirmc{zlmes meh grmainr`s, meh snai riznrx xfmx xfi{ mri am`keo zrnoriss kxfsxmehmrhktih hmxm cnllicxkne% Ke mhhkxkne, snai dyrkshkcxknes mri hiwilnzkeo m{sxn rimcf anri ng xfnsi fn fmwi biie nyx ng ihycmxkne xfi lneoisx, xn kecrimsixfi eyabir ng ormhymxis meh kazrnwi fn xfi eiihs ng xfi limsx ihycmxih mriaix%



;CNEXIVXYMLKTKEO CMEMHM‛S RISZNESI

=% CNEXIVXYMLKTKEO CMEMHM‛S RISZNESI

=%=% Emxyri ng xfks riznrx

Xfi Aiabir Sxmxis ng YEISCN fmwi biie msìh xn zrizmri riznrxs ne

hiwilnzaiexs ke mhylx limrekeo skeci 2::; &CNEGKEXIM WK+ meh ke lkxirmc{ skeci2::7% Xfi riznrxs zrnwkhi kezyx gnr xfi eivx Olnbml Riznrx ne Mhylx Limrekeomeh Ihycmxkne &ORMLI+% Xfi gncys ng xfks riznrx ks ne zrnoriss amhi ke mhylx!ihycmxkne meh lkxirmc{ znlkckis, onwiremeci, gkemeckeo, zmrxkckzmxkne, meh }ymlkx{%

YEISCN fms zrnwkhih hixmklih oykhilkeis gnr xfi zrizmrmxkne ng xfks hncyaiex kexfi gnra ng m riznrxkeo xiazlmxi fkcf sii`s kegnramxkne ne xfi gnllnkeo ikofx

xfiais4

=% Hieknes meh hmxm cnllicne ne mhylx limrekeo meh ihycmne0

2% Znlkc{4 znlkcml cnaakxaiex xn mhylx ihycmne meh mhylx lkxirmc{0

3% Onwiremeci4 onwiremeci meh cnnzirmne ke mhylx ihycmne meh mhylxlkxirmc{0

8% Gkemeckeo4 kewisxaiex ke mhylx ihycmne meh mhylx lkxirmc{0

9% Zmrckzmne4 {nyxf meh mhylxs‛ mcciss xn meh zmrckzmne ke ihycmnemeh lkxirmc{ zrnormas0

7% ]ymlkx{4 }ymlkx{ mssyrmeci0

?% CNEGKEXIM WK gnlln!yz4 mhhkneml mcwkis0

6% Xfi Yekxih Emnes Lkxirmc{ Hicmhi &2::3–2:=2+4 szickc mcwkis yehirxfi grmainr` ng xfi YELH skeci xfi 2::7 akh!xira riwki%

Xn zrnwkhi m climr zkcxyri ng xfi cnazliv skxymxkne ke mhylx ihycmxkne mehlkxirmc{, kezyx grna m rmeoi ng hkggiriex snyrcis ms snyofx ke cnazklkeo xfksriznrx, keclyhkeo onwireaiexs meh eneonwireaiexml nromektmxknes, xn oieirmxim cnazlixi zkcxyri ng xfi sxmxi ng mhylx ihycmxkne ke Cmemhm xfmx byklhs ne xfikegnramxkne cnazklih ke xn zriwknys Cmemhm riznrxs4 Xfi Hiwilnzaiex meh Sxmxi ng xfi Mrx ng Mhylx Limrekeo meh Ihycmxkne – Riznrx gnr Cmemhm &2::6+ mehYekxih Emxknes Lkxirmc{ Hicmhi 2::3–2:=2, Zrnoriss Riznrx gnr Cmemhm 2::8– 2::7 &2::?+%

Xfks zrnoriss riznrx hiscrkbis mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex mcxkwkxkis keCmemhm meh ks nromektih xn riszneh xn xfi YEISCN riznrxkeo xiazlmxi }yisxknes,

http://cmec.ca/Publications/Lists/Publications/Attachments/194/FINAL%2520CONFINTEA%2520VI%2520en.pdf


http://www.cmec.ca/Publications/Lists/Publications/Attachments/113/Literacy-Decade-CanadaReport2007.en.pdf









=: MHYLX LIMREKEO MEH IHYCMXKNE

fkli ckxkeo szickgkc rigiriecis xn Cmemhm‛s lkxirmc{ iggnrxs ms xfi{ rilmxi xn xfihkggiriex mrims ng mcxkne keclyhih ke xfi riznrx%

Xfks riznrx ms hiwilnzih dnkexl{ b{ Cmemhm‛s zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml akeksxrkisriszneskbli gnr ihycmxkne, xfrnyof xfikr kexironwireaiexml bnh{, xfi Cnyeckl ng Akeksxirs ng Ihycmxkne, Cmemhm &CAIC+0 xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm, rizrisiexihb{ Fyame Risnyrcis meh S`klls Hiwilnzaiex Cmemhm &FRSHC+0 meh xfi CCY% Xfksnr` ms lih meh cnazklih b{ CAIC%

=%2% Cmemhm‛s Ieomoiaiex ke YEISCN Mhylx Ihycmne meh Lkxirmc{

Zrknrkis

=%2%=% CNEGKEXIM

Xfi Skvxf Kexiremxkneml Cnegirieci ne Mhylx Ihycmxkne &CNEGKEXIM WK+ xnn`zlmci ke Bilëa, Brmtkl, ke Hiciabir 2::;% Kxs onmls iri xn riei kexiremxknemlanaiexya gnr mhylx limrekeo meh ihycmxkne meh rihriss hkscrizmeckis bixiiekeskofxs meh hkscnyrsi, ne xfi nei fmeh, meh xfi lmc` ng s{sxiamxkc meh iggicxkwiznlkckis meh cnehkxknes gnr mhylx ihycmxkne meh limrekeo, ne xfi nxfir fmeh%

Cmemhm‛s zrizmrmxkne gnr CNEGKEXIM WK biome ke 2::6 kxf xfi zyblkcmxkne ng kxsriznrx ne xfi sxmxi ng xfi mrx ng mhylx limrekeo meh ihycmxkne meh kxs zmrxkckzmxkneke xfi Riokneml Zrizmrmxnr{ Cnegirieci &Iyrnzi meh Enrxf Mairkcm+ xn kegnra

hkscysskne mx CNEGKEXIM WK%

Zrizmrmxknes gnr CNEGKEXIM WK iri gyrxfir kegnraih b{ xfi zyblkcmxkne ng m gkrsx!iwir ORMLI % Bmsih ne emxkneml riznrxs grna =98 Aiabir Sxmxis, ORMLI meml{tihxriehs, khiexkgkih ì{ cfmllieois meh bisx zrmcxkcis, meh ricnaaiehih mcxkne xnwmsxl{ kazrnwi xfi scnzi ng mhylx ihycmxkne meh limrekeo%

Oykhih b{ xfks nr`, xfi Bilëa Grmainr` gnr Mcxkne, xfi gkeml hncyaiex ng CNEGKEXIM WK, ms mhnzxih b{ Aiabir Sxmxis, keclyhkeo Cmemhm, ne Hiciabir8, 2::;% Kx keclyhis ricnaaiehmxknes ne mhylx lkxirmc{, znlkc{, onwiremeci,gkemeckeo, zmrxkckzmxkne, keclyskne, i}ykx{, }ymlkx{, meh xfi anekxnrkeo ng zrnoriss

xnmrh xfi Bilëa ricnaaiehmxknes% Xfi zrizmrmxkne ng xfks riznrx gylgkllsxfi Bilëa cnaakxaiex xn xfi anekxnrkeo ng zrnoriss kxf riszicx xn xfisiricnaaiehmxknes%



==CNEXIVXYMLKTKEO CMEMHM‛S RISZNESI

=%2%2% Yekxih Emnes Lkxirmc{ Hicmhi &YELH+

Xfi Yekxih Emxknes Lkxirmc{ Hicmhi &YELH+ ms hiclmrih b{ xfi Yekxih EmxknesOieirml Mssiabl{ ke Hiciabir 2::=% Mccnrhkeo xn YEISCN, YELH mkas xnsyzznrx xfi onml ng mcfkiwkeo ihycmxkne gnr mll b{ mhhrisskeo xfi anri xfme ??8akllkne mhylxs meh ?2 akllkne nyx!ng!scfnnl cfklhrie ke xfks nrlh fn mri hizrkwihng lkxirmc{ meh ng mcciss xn lkxirmc{ limrekeo mcxkwkxkis%

Xfi YELH, grna 2::3 xn 2:=2, ks bmsih ne xfi brnmh enxkne ng lkxirmc{ ms xfignyehmxkne gnr lkgilneo limrekeo% YEISCN, ms limh moiec{ gnr YELH, fms msìh kxs

aiabir sxmxis, keclyhkeo Cmemhm, xn riznrx ne zrnoriss ke kazliaiexkeo lkxirmc{zrnormas meh zlmes ng mcxkne%

Cmemhm‛s gkrsx riznrx, Yekxih Emxknes Lkxirmc{ Hicmhi 2::3–2:=2, Zrnoriss Riznrx gnr Cmemhm 2::8–2::7, ms zrizmrih b{ CAIC, kxf xfi syzznrx ng FRSHC mehCCY% Xfi riznrx lnn`s mx znlkc{, zrnormas, cmzmckx{ byklhkeo, risimrcf, cnaayekx{zmrxkckzmxkne, meh anekxnrkeo meh iwmlymxkne% Kx hixmkls xfi nr` ng xfi zrnwkeckmlmeh xirrkxnrkml onwireaiexs0 xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm0 meh ihycmxkneml,cnaayekx{, meh wnlyexmr{ sxmìfnlhirs ke cfklhrie‛s, {nyxf, gmakl{, mhylx, mehnr`zlmci lkxirmc{%

Ms zriwknysl{ aiexkneih, xfks riznrx sirwis ms xfi gkeml riznrx gnr Cmemhm gnr xfiYekxih Emxknes Lkxirmc{ Hicmhi, 2:=2%

=%3% Hiekeo Mhylx Ihycmne meh Lkxirmc{ ke Cmemhm

=%3%=% Mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex

M sxrk`keo lissne grna xfi 2::; ORMLI ks xfmx cnecizxs meh xirakenlno{cnaanel{ ysih ke xfi mrim mri yehirsxnnh hkggiriexl{ mcrnss rioknes mehcnyexrkis, meh snaixkais iwie lncmll{% Xn zrnwkhi m cnaane yehirsxmehkeo ng cnecizxs ke xfi cyrriex riznrxkeo xiazlmxi, YEISCN fms zrnwkhih higkekxknes ng xfi gyehmaiexml xiras%







=2 MHYLX LIMREKEO MEH IHYCMXKNE

YEISCN Hieknes ng Gyehmaiexml Xiras

Mhylx ihycmne meh mhylx limrekeo4

Mhylx limrekeo iecnazmssis “gnraml meh cnexkeykeo ihycmxkne, ene!gnramllimrekeo meh xfi szicxrya ng kegnraml meh keckhiexml limrekeo mwmklmbli ke maylxkcylxyrml limrekeo snckix{, firi xfinr{! meh zrmcxkci!bmsih mzzrnmcfis mriricnoektih%‑=

Mhylx ihycmne meh {nyxf ihycmne4

Mhylx ihycmxkne cnecires xfnsi fn mri “riomrhih ms mhylx b{ xfi snckix{ xnfkcf xfi{ bilneo‑%2 Fniwir, “cylxyrml meh snckml gmcxnrs fmwi skoekgkcmex kazmcxne xfi hkwkskne ng xfi fyame lkgi!cnyrsi kexn moi!lkeìh sxmois meh zfmsis% Xfisizfmsis wmr{ khil{ mcrnss xkai meh szmci% P‧Q Iszickmll{ kxfke m lkgilneo limrekeozmrmhkoa, kx ks kecrimskeol{ yefilzgyl xn amì sfmrz hksxkecxknes bixiie ‖{nyxfihycmxkne‛ meh ‖mhylx ihycmxkne‛%‑3

Mhylx ihycmne meh xrmkekeo4

“Xfi xira ‖mhylx ihycmxkne‛ hienxis xfi iexkri bnh{ ng nromektih ihycmxknemlzrncissis, fmxiwir xfi cnexiex, liwil meh aixfnh, fixfir gnraml nr nxfirksi,fixfir xfi{ zrnlneo nr rizlmci kekxkml ihycmxkne ke scfnnls, cnlliois mehyekwirskxkis ms ill ms ke mzzriexkcisfkz, firib{ zirsnes riomrhih ms mhylx b{xfi snckix{ xn fkcf xfi{ bilneo hiwilnz xfikr mbklkxkis, ierkcf xfikr ènlihoi,kazrnwi xfikr xicfekcml nr zrngisskneml }ymlkgkcmxknes nr xyre xfia ke m eihkricxkne meh brkeo mbnyx cfmeois ke xfikr mxxkxyhis nr bifmwknyr ke m xngnlhzirszicxkwi ng gyll zirsneml hiwilnzaiex meh zmrxkckzmxkne ke bmlmecih mehkehiziehiex snckml, icnenakc, meh cylxyrml hiwilnzaiex0 mhylx ihycmxkne,fniwir, aysx enx bi cneskhirih ms me iexkx{ ke kxsilg0 kx ks m sybhkwkskne meh mekexiorml zmrx ng, m olnbml scfiai gnr lkgilneo ihycmxkne meh limrekeo%‑8

= YEISCN Kesxyxi gnr Ihycmne &=;;?+% Xfi Fmabyro Hiclmrmne% Xfi Moiehm gnr xfi Gyxyri%Zmzir zrisiexih mx CNEGKEXIM W Gkf Kexiremneml Cnegirieci ne Mhylx Ihycmne, Fmabyro%Rixrkiwih grna fz4..%yeiscn%nro.ihycmne.yki.cneexim.zhg.cne9ieo%zhg 2 YEISCN &=;?7+% Ricnaaiehmne ne xfi Hiwilnzaiex ng Mhylx Ihycmne% Ke Ricnrhs ng xfiOieirml Cnegirieci, Ekeixiiexf Sisskne &z%2+% Emkrnbk% Rixrkiwih grna fz4..%yeiscn%nro.ihycmne.zhg.EMKRNBÎ%ZHG3 YEISCN Kesxyxi gnr Lkgilneo Limrekeo &2::;+% Olnbml Riznrx ne Mhylx Limrekeo meh Ihycmne,

=2 ' =8% Rixrkiwih grna fz4..yeishnc%yeiscn%nro.kamois.::=6.::=678.=6783=i%zhg 8 Nz%ckx% YEISCN &=;?7+%






{imrs xfrnyof xn mhylxfnnh, meh ks enx szickgkc xn me{ nei moi ornyz% Ms sycf,m eyabir ng zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml onwireaiexs fmwi xmìe me kexiormxih,cnllmbnrmxkwi, meh cnnrhkemxih mzzrnmcf xn rmkskeo lkxirmc{ liwils%

Siwirml kexiremxkneml higkekxknes mri ysih mx xfi zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml liwil,gnramll{ nr kegnramll{, xn oykhi xfi hiwilnzaiex ng znlkckis meh zrnormas%

Lkxirmc{ Cnecizxs Ysih ke Cmemhm

“Lkxirmc{ ks xfi mbklkx{ xn khiexkg{, yehirsxmeh, kexirzrix, crimxi, cnaayekcmxi,meh cnazyxi, yskeo zrkexih meh rkxxie amxirkmls mssnckmxih kxf wmr{keocnexivxs% Lkxirmc{ kewnlwis m cnexkeyya ng limrekeo ke iemblkeo kehkwkhymlsxn mcfkiwi fks nr fir onmls, hiwilnz fks nr fir ènlihoi meh znxiexkml, mehzmrxkckzmxi gyll{ ke cnaayekx{ meh khir snckix{%‑ 9

Lkxirmc{ ks “xfi mbklkx{ xn yehirsxmeh meh iazln{ zrkexih kegnramxkne ke hmkl{mcxkwkxkis mx fnai, mx nr`, meh ke xfi cnaayekx{, xn mcfkiwi nei‛s onmls mehxn hiwilnz nei‛s ènlihoi meh znxiexkml%‑7

Riznrxkeo ne Cmemhm‛s zrnoriss yehir YELH ivxiehs bi{neh mhylx limrekeo mehs`klls hiwilnzaiex, ricnoektkeo hiwilnzaiexs ke imrl{ limrekeo meh ke iliaiexmr{meh sicnehmr{ ihycmxkne% Gnr xfi zyrznsis ng xfks riznrx, riznrxkeo ng lkxirmc{mcxkwkxkis kll amkel{ gncys ne mhylx lkxirmc{ kekxkmxkwis%

Ke me iggnrx xn gyrxfir cnexivxymlkti lkxirmc{ gnr hiwilnzaiex zrnormaakeo gnrxfi nr`zlmci, xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm meh nxfir emxkneml meh kexiremxknemlmoieckis fmwi khiexkgkih meh wmlkhmxih i{ issiexkml s`klls gnr xfi nr`zlmci%Xfisi s`klls mri ysih ke eimrl{ iwir{ dnb meh mx hkggiriex liwils ng cnazlivkx{% Xfi{zrnwkhi xfi gnyehmxkne gnr limrekeo mll nxfir s`klls meh iembli zinzli xn iwnlwi

kxf xfikr dnbs meh mhmzx xn nr`zlmci cfmeoi%

9 Rkcfaneh% A%, Rnbkesne, C% meh Smcfs!Ksrmil, A% &2::6+% Xfi Olnbml Lkxirmc{ Cfmllieoi% YEISCN%

Rixrkiwih grna fz4..yeishnc%yeiscn%nro.kamois.::=7.::=73=.=73=?:i%zhg 7 Kbkh%

http://www.hrsdc.gc.ca/eng/workplaceskills/LES/definitions/definitions.shtml

http://www.hrsdc.gc.ca/eng/workplaceskills/LES/definitions/definitions.shtml



=9CNEXIVXYMLKTKEO CMEMHM‛S RISZNESI

Ekei Issieml S`klls

=% Rimhkeo rigirs xn rimhkeo amxirkml xfmx ks ke xfi gnra ng siexiecis nrzmrmormzfs% Kx oieirmll{ kewnlwis rimhkeo enxis, liirs, aians, ameymls,szickcmnes, rioylmnes, bnn`s, riznrxs, nr dnyremls%

2% _rkeo keclyhis rkeo xivxs meh rkeo ke hncyaiexs &gnr ivmazli,llkeo ke gnras+ meh ene!zmzir!bmsih rkeo &gnr ivmazli, x{zkeo ne mcnazyxir+%

3% Hncyaiex ysi rigirs xn xms`s xfmx kewnlwi m wmrkix{ ng kegnramne hkszlm{ske fkcf nrhs, eyabirs, kcnes, meh nxfir wksyml cfmrmcxirkscs &i%o%,lkei, cnlnyr, sfmzi+ mri okwie aimekeo b{ xfikr szmml mrrmeoiaiex% Gnr

ivmazli, ormzfs, lksxs, xmblis, blyizrkexs, scfiamcs, hrmkeos, skoes, mehlmbils mri hncyaiexs ysih ke xfi nrlh ng nr`%

8% Eyairmc{ rigirs xn nrìrs‛ ysi ng eyabirs meh xfikr eiih xn xfke` ke}ymexmwi xiras%

9% Cnazyxir ysi kehkcmxis xfi wmrkix{ meh cnazlivkx{ ng cnazyxir ysi kxfkexfi nccyzmneml ornyz%

7% Xfke`keo hkiriemxis bixiie skv hkiriex x{zis ng kexircneeicxihcnoekwi gyecnes4 zrnblia snlwkeo, hickskne am`keo, crkcml xfke`keo,

dnb xms` zlmeekeo meh nromektkeo, skoekcmex ysi ng aianr{, meh ehkeokegnramne%

?% Nrml cnaayekcmne zirxmkes zrkamrkl{ xn xfi ysi ng sziicf xn ivzrissxfnyofx meh ivcfmeoi kegnramne maneo nrìrs ke me nccyzmnemlornyz%

6% _nr`keo kxf nxfirs ivmakeis xfi ivxiex xn fkcf iazln{iis nr` kxfnxfirs xn cmrr{ nyx xfikr xms`s%

;% Cneeynys limrekeo ivmakeis xfi ri}ykriaiex gnr nrìrs ke menccyzmneml ornyz xn zmrckzmxi ke me neonkeo zrnciss ng s`klls mehènlihoi mc}ykskne%

Gnr anri kegnramxkne, wkskx4 fxxz4..%frshc%oc%cm.ieo.nr`zlmcis`klls.LIS.higkekxknes.higkekxknes%sfxal




=%8% Hianormzfkc CnexivxMccnrhkeo xn Cmemhm‛s 2:== Ciesys, Cmemhm fms m znzylmxkne ng 33,8?7,766,me kecrimsi ng 9%; zir ciex skeci xfi 2::7 syrwi{% Eix kexiremxkneml akormxknemccnyexs gnr xn!xfkrhs ng xfks ornxf% Mlansx 6: zir ciex ng Cmemhm‛s znzylmxknelkwis ke aixrnznlkxme mrims, kxf xfi xfrii lmroisx ng xfisi ‘Xnrnexn, Anexrimlmeh Wmecnywir ‘ cnazrkskeo 39 zir ciex ng xfi cnyexr{‛s znzylmxkne%

=%8%=% Nckml lmeoymois

Cmemhm fms xn nggkckml lmeoymois4 Griecf meh Ieolksf% Xfi 2::7 Ciesysieyairmxih nwir =6 akllkne meolnzfneis meh mlansx siwie akllkne grmecnzfneis%

Xfi 2::7 Ciesys gyrxfir ivzlnrih xfi ysi ng Cmemhm‛s xn nggkckml lmeoymois%Nwir 9? zir ciex ng xfi znzylmxkne riznrxih Ieolksf ms xfikr gkrsx lmeoymoi% Xfizirciexmoi ng xfnsi riznrxkeo Griecf ms xfikr gkrsx lmeoymoi fms biie hiclkekeosximhkl{% Ke 2::7, kx ms 2=%6 zir ciex, cnazmrih kxf 22%7 zir ciex ke 2::= meh23%3 zir ciex ke =;;7% Me mhhkxkneml ornyz, mbnyx :%9 zir ciex, riznrxih fmwkeoGriecf ms m gkrsx lmeoymoi mlneo kxf Ieolksf nr menxfir lmeoymoi%

Xfi wmsx amdnrkx{ ng grmecnzfneis ke Cmemhm lkwi ke ]yibic, firi ?; zir ciexriznrx Griecf ms xfikr gkrsx lmeoymoi% Ei Bryeskc`, xfi nel{ nggkckmll{ bklkeoymlzrnwkeci ke Cmemhm, mlsn fms m lmroi zrnznrxkne ng grmecnzfneis ‘ nwir 32 zirciex ng xfi znzylmxkne riznrx Griecf ms xfikr gkrsx lmeoymoi% Nyxskhi ng ]yibic,grmecnzfneis lkwi ke akenrkx{!lmeoymoi skxymxknes, fkcf zrisiexs zmrxkcylmrcfmllieois gnr xfi lmeoymoi meh xfi cylxyri%

=%8%2% Mbnrkokeml znzylmne

Ke xfi 2::7 Ciesys, m xnxml ng =,=?2,?;: Cmemhkmes khiexkgkih xfiasilwisms Mbnrkokeml zirsnes, xfmx ks, Gkrsx Emxknes, Aëxks, nr Keykx% Xfi Mbnrkokeml

znzylmxkne ks ornkeo mx m aycf gmsxir rmxi xfme xfmx ng xfi ene!Mbnrkokemlznzylmxkne% Cfklhrie meh {nyxf moih 28 meh yehir amhi yz mlansx fmlg &86 zirciex+ ng mll Mbnrkokeml zinzli, cnazmrih xn 3= zir ciex ng xfi ene!Mbnrkokemlznzylmxkne%

=%8%3% Kaakormne meh hkwirskx{

Xfi 2::7 Ciesys ieyairmxih nwir skv akllkne gnrikoe!bnre zinzli ke Cmemhm,mlansx 2: zir ciex ng xfi znzylmxkne% Riciex kaakormexs bnre ke Mskm amhi yz



=?CNEXIVXYMLKTKEO CMEMHM‛S RISZNESI

xfi lmroisx znrxkne, nwir 96 zir ciex, ng eicnairs xn Cmemhm skeci xfi zriwknysciesys% Cmemhkmes riznrxih anri xfme 2:: hkggiriex gkrsx lmeoymois, kxf xfnsifnsi gkrsx lmeoymoi ks eikxfir Griecf enr Ieolksf rizrisiexkeo 2: zir ciex ng xfiznzylmxkne% Xfisi keclyhi lmeoymois lneo mssnckmxih kxf kaakormxkne xn Cmemhm,sycf ms Oirame, Kxmlkme, Y`rmkekme, Hyxcf, meh Znlksf% Bixiie 2::= meh 2::7,lmeoymoi ornyzs grna Mskm meh xfi Akhhli Imsx, keclyhkeo xfi Cfkeisi lmeoymois,Zyedmbk, Mrmbkc, Yrhy, Xmomlno, meh Xmakl, ricnrhih xfi lmroisx omkes%

Ms Cmemhm‛s znzylmxkne mois meh hkwirskgkis, sxizs mri bikeo xmìe mcrnss mll liwilsng onwireaiex meh ckwkl snckix{ xn iesyri kxs znzylmxkne riamkes fkofl{ s`kllih xnfilz iesyri m fimlxf{ hiancrmc{, zirsneml ill!bikeo, meh m olnbmll{ cnazixkxkwi

lmbnyr gnrci%

=%9% Ihycmne ke Cmemhm

Ke Cmemhm, ivicyxkwi liokslmxkwi riszneskbklkx{ gnr ihycmxkne ks ormexih xn zrnwkeciske Xfi Cnesxkxyxkne Mcx, =67? 0 skaklmr riszneskbklkxkis mri hiliomxih xn xirrkxnrkis

b{ xfi gihirml onwireaiex% Ms m risylx, xfiri ks en gihirml akeksxr{ ng ihycmxknemeh en skeoli zme!Cmemhkme mzzrnmcf xn mhylx ihycmxkne% Xfiri ks, fniwir,zme!Cmemhkme cnllmbnrmxkne gmcklkxmxih b{ xfi Cnyeckl ng Akeksxirs ng Ihycmxkne,Cmemhm &CAIC+, me kexironwireaiexml bnh{ gnyehih ke =;7? b{ zrnwkeckmlakeksxirs ng ihycmxkne, ms mll dyrkshkcxknes sii` xn sfmri kegnramxkne riomrhkeo xfi

liokslmxkwi, znlkc{, meh zrnorma hkricxknes ng nei menxfir%CAIC ks xfi cnllicxkwi wnkci ng Cmemhm‛s akeksxirs ng ihycmxkne% Kx zrnwkhislimhirsfkz ke ihycmxkne mx xfi zme!Cmemhkme meh kexiremxkneml liwils mehcnexrkbyxis xn xfi gylgkllaiex ng xfi cnesxkxyxkneml dyrkshkcxkne gnr ihycmxkne%

_fkli xfiri mri m orimx ame{ skaklmrkxkis maneo zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkmlihycmxkne s{sxias mcrnss Cmemhm, xfiri mri mlsn kaznrxmex hkggiriecis xfmxriglicx xfi oinormzf{, fksxnr{, cylxyri, meh szickmlktih eiihs cnrrisznehkeo xn xfiznzylmxknes sirwih% Xfi cnazrifieskwi, hkwirsi, meh khil{ mccisskbli emxyring ihycmxkne s{sxias ke Cmemhm riglicxs xfi cnyexr{‛s khiszrimh bilkig ke xfikaznrxmeci ng ihycmxkne% Anri kegnramxkne ne ihycmxkne s{sxias ke Cmemhm cmebi gnyeh b{ cnesylxkeo “Ihycmxkne ke Cmemhm4 me Nwirwki‑ mx fxxz4..%caic%cm.2;;.Ihycmxkne!ke!Cmemhm!Me!Nwirwki.kehiv%fxal%

Xfnyof xfiri ks en gihirml hizmrxaiex riszneskbli gnr ihycmxkne, xfiOnwireaiex ng Cmemhm‛s syzznrx meh gyehkeo gnr mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls





=; MHYLX!LIMREKEO MEH S@KLLS!HIWILNZAIEX S[SXIAS KE CMEMHM

2% MHYLX!LIMREKEO MEH S@KLLS!HIWILNZAIEX S[SXIAS KECMEMHM

Xfks sicxkne ng xfi riznrx hiscrkbis xfi kekxkmxkwis ng Cmemhkme dyrkshkcxknesrilmxkeo xn mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex% Kx risznehs xn xfi ORMLI }yisxknes fkli mlsn fkoflkofxkeo i{ mhylx!lkxirmc{ kekxkmxkwis ms zmrx ng Cmemhm‛sgkeml riznrx ne mcxkwkxkis rilmxih xn xfi YELH%

2%=% Znlkc{

Iwir{ Cmemhkme dyrkshkcxkne fms szickgkc sxrmxiokis, znlkckis, nr liokslmxkne rilmxkeoxn mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex xfrnyof xfikr akeksxrkis riszneskbli gnr

ihycmxkne%

Nei ng xfi ansx cnazrifieskwi snyrcis ng kegnramxkne ne xfi znlkckis mehliokslmxkne ke imcf zrnwkeci meh xirrkxnr{ gnr mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiexks xfi 2::9 riznrx grna CAIC, Hiwilnzkeo me Mhylx Ihycmxkne Znlkc{ Grmainr`4Xirakenlno{, X{znlno{ meh Bisx Zrmcxkcis% Xfks kegnramxkne ms yzhmxih ke

xfi 2::6 Cmemhm riznrx gnr CNEGKEXIM WK% Skeci xfie, m eyabir ng mhhkxknemlzrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml znlkckis meh sxrmxiokis fmwi biie hiwilnzih% Ansxenxmbl{, xn zrnwkecis fmwi kexrnhycih ei liokslmxkne rilmxih xn mhylx limrekeo%Enwm Scnxkm‛s Mhylx Limrekeo Mcx , kexrnhycih ke Hiciabir 2:=:, sxrieoxfiessxmehmrhs gnr mhylx!limrekeo zrnormas ke xfi zrnwkeci% Amekxnbm‛s Mhylx Lkxirmc{

Mcx cmai kexn iggicx ke 2::;, meh Xfi Mhwmecih Ihycmxkne Mhakeksxrmxkne Mcx ms

zmssih ke 2:=:%

Ke Cmemhm, mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex znlkckis mri ngxie lkeìh xnzrnwkeckml.xirrkxnrkml sxrmxiokis, crnss!akeksxr{ sxrmxiokis, znwirx{!rihycxknesxrmxiokis, nr szickgkc s`klls!hiwilnzaiex sxrmxiokis%

Gnr ivmazli, xfi BC Dnbs Zlme ks m ei zrnwkeckml lmbnyr!amrìx sxrmxio{ mkaihmx byklhkeo m fkofl{ s`kllih meh olnbmll{ cnazixkxkwi nr`gnrci% ]yibic mhnzxihm sirkis ng aimsyris ke Dyei 2:== xn mlkoe xrmkekeo meh iazln{aiex% [y`ne‛sCnazrifieskwi S`klls meh Xrmhis Xrmkekeo Sxrmxio{ ks m lneo!xira zlmeekeo xnnl

mkaih mx mhhrisskeo cyrriex meh gyxyri xrmkekeo eiihs, cnazliaiexkeo mehsyzznrxkeo nxfir sxrmxiokis ke xfi Lmbnyr Amrìx Grmainr` gnr [y`ne%

http://www.cmec.ca/Publications/Lists/Publications/Attachments/76/AdultEd_Framework.en.pdf


http://gonssal.ca/documents/AdultLearningActConsultationReport-EN_001.pdf

http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/2007/c00907e.php


http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/a006-3e.php

http://www.labourmarketframeworkyukon.com/system/PDF/skills%2520strategy.pdf

http://www.labourmarketframeworkyukon.com/system/PDF/skills%2520strategy.pdf

http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/a006-3e.php



http://gonssal.ca/documents/AdultLearningActConsultationReport-EN_001.pdf





2: MHYLX LIMREKEO MEH IHYCMXKNE

Mlbirxm fms hiwilnzih ei znlkc{ mrnyeh i!limrekeo4 orimxir ricnoekxkne ng crihiexkmls gnr gnrikoe!xrmkeih zrngissknemls xfrnyof aiixkeo kxf lkcieskeobnhkis ke Mlbirxm meh nggirkeo iefmecih mssissaiex sirwkcis gnr kehkwkhymls%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm fms amhi kx m zrknrkx{ xn iesyri xfmx Cmemhm fms xfibisx!ihycmxih, ansx s`kllih, meh ansx glivkbli nr`gnrci ke xfi nrlh%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm zmrxeirs kxf iazln{irs, zrnwkecis, meh xirrkxnrkisxn filz Cmemhkmes mc}ykri xfi s`klls eiihih xn sycciih ke xfi lmbnyr amrìx%Neonkeo zrknrkxkis keclyhi yzhmxkeo ì{ cnazneiexs ng xfi issiexkml!s`kllsaixfnhnlno{, cnexkeykeo nr` kxf xfi Cmemhkme Cnyeckl ng Hkricxnrs ng Mzzriexkcisfkz &CCHM+ xn ivzlnri me nccyzmxkneml zirgnrameci sxmehmrhs

grmainr` gnr Rih Siml xrmhis, meh iefmeckeo xfi ricnoekxkne ng gnrikoecrihiexkmls ke Cmemhm b{ isxmblksfkeo meh eionxkmxkeo zmrxeirsfkzs gnr xmroixnccyzmxknes yehir Gnrikoe ]ymlkgkcmxkne Ricnoekxkne moriiaiexs% Gnr anri

kegnramxkne, zlimsi cnesylx xfi Zme!Cmemhkme Grmainr` gnr xfi Mssissaiex mehRicnoekxkne ng Gnrikoe ]ymlkgkcmxknes%

Ke mhhkxkne xn xfisi znlkckis, Cmemhm‛s onwireaiexs fmwi mlsn kazliaiexih meyabir ng lkxirmc{ znlkckis xn kazrnwi cnnrhkemxkne, zrnormaakeo, meh nyxcnaisng lkxirmc{ kekxkmxkwis%

Sxrmxiokis xn kazrnwi mhylx lkxirmc{ mri fkof ne xfi znlkc{ moiehm meh gncysih

ne kazrnwkeo mcciss xn meh iefmeckeo limrekeo nzznrxyekxkis% Skeci 2::7, gnyr dyrkshkcxknes fmwi kazliaiexih cnazrifieskwi lkxirmc{ znlkckis4

• Mlbirxm‛s Lkwkeo Lkxirmc{4 M Lkxirmc{ Grmainr` gnr Mlbirxm‛s Eivx OieirmneIcnena{ &2::;+0

• Ei Bryeskc`‛s _nr`keo Xnoixfir gnr Mhylx Lkxirmc{4 Me Mhylx Lkxirmc{Sxrmxio{ gnr Ei Bryeskc` &2::;+0

• Xfi Enrxfisx Xirrkxnr{‛s Xnmrhs Lkxirmc{4 m Sxrmxio{ Grmainr` – 2::6–2:=60

• Amekxnbm‛s Mhylx Lkxirmc{ Sxrmxio{ &2::;+%

Zrnoriss ms mlsn amhi xnmrh hiwilnzkeo cnazrifieskwi mhylx!lkxirmc{sxrmxiokis ke Eignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr, Sms`mxcfime, Zrkeci Ihmrh Kslmeh,meh Eyemwyx% Ke Sms`mxcfime, xn akeksxrkis mri nr`keo xnoixfir mehfmwi hrmgxih m zrnwkeckml lkxirmc{ grmainr` xfmx kll khiexkg{ nzznrxyekxkisgnr cnllmbnrmxkne kxf nxfir akeksxrkis% Xfks mzzrnmcf ricnoektis xfmx znlkc{,

http://www.hrsdc.gc.ca/eng/workplaceskills/publications/fcr/pcf_folder/PDF/pcf.pdf


http://eae.alberta.ca/media/219400/living%2520literacy.pdf


http://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Departments/petl-epft/PDF/Literacy/AdultLiteracy_web_Eng.pdf


http://www.ece.gov.nt.ca/PDF_File/Literacy/024-Literacy%2520Strategy%2520Summary_Proof.pdf


http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/ael/all/adultliteracystrategy/

http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/ael/all/adultliteracystrategy/











2= MHYLX!LIMREKEO MEH S@KLLS!HIWILNZAIEX S[SXIAS KE CMEMHM

zrnormas, meh sirwkcis kxf lkxirmc{ kazlkcmxknes mggicx ame{ mrims ng onwireaiexmeh xfirignri ri}ykri m cnnrhkemxih mzzrnmcf xn lkxirmc{ mcrnss onwireaiex%

Skaklmrl{, xfi Eignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr onwireaiex ks yskeo zmrxeirsfkzsmcrnss akeksxrkis meh sicxnrs xn hiwilnz kekxkmxkwis mkaih mx rmkskeo mmrieissmbnyx xfi kaznrxmeci ng lkxirmc{, kazrnwkeo mcciss xn lkxirmc{ zrnormas mehsirwkcis, iefmeckeo nzznrxyekxkis gnr iggicxkwi zrmcxkci, meh iecnyrmokeo mehkecrimskeo mhylx lkxirmc{ zmrxkckzmxkne% Eyemwyx‛s lkxirmc{ grmainr` gnras xfibmsks gnr ieomoiaiex meh cnllmbnrmxkne kxf sxmìfnlhirs ne xfi hiwilnzaiexng m lkxirmc{ sxrmxio{% Xfks fms keclyhih zmrxkckzmxkne ke m xfrii!hm{ IlhirsCnegirieci xn omxfir xfi xrmhkxkneml xfnyofxs ng ilhirs xn kegnra xfi grmainr`

hkscyssknes% Zrkeci Ihmrh Kslmeh ks hiwilnzkeo me yzhmxih lkxirmc{ meh issiexkml!s`klls sxrmxio{ nwir xfi eivx xn {imrs%

Xfisi sxrmxiokis gncys ne hiwilnzkeo m fnli!s{sxia mzzrnmcf mxxyeih xn xfiwmr{keo hiamehs meh cnesxrmkexs zinzli gmci mx hkggiriex sxmois ke xfikr lkwis mehxn xfi zmxfm{s xfi{ gnlln xfrnyof ihycmxkne meh xrmkekeo kexn nr`% Xfrnyofxfi Iazln{aiex Nexmrkn s{sxia, xfi zrnwkeci ks kazliaiexkeo kxs ne Nexmrkn

Mhylx Lkxirmc{ Cyrrkcylya Grmainr , hiskoeih xn kazrnwi xfi mbklkx{ ng zinzlixn xrmeskxkne syccissgyll{ xn xfikr eivx sxizs ke iazln{aiex, gyrxfir ihycmxknemeh xrmkekeo, meh kehiziehieci%

Enwm Scnxkm fms cnaakxxih xn mssksxkeo anri xfme 9:: limreirs nwir xfi eivxxfrii {imrs xfrnyof xfi dnbsFiri kekxkmxkwi, fkcf mkas xn kazrnwi lkxirmc{,iecnyrmoi xfi cnazlixkne ng fkof!scfnnl hkzlnams, meh kecrimsi iazln{aiexnzznrxyekxkis% Ke mhhkxkne, Enwm Scnxkm fms six m onml xn hnybli xfi eyabir ng iazln{irs imcf {imr xfmx mri mbli xn zrnwkhi cysxnaktih ihycmxkne meh issiexkml!s`klls hiwilnzaiex gnr iazln{iis xfrnyof xfi zrnwkeci‛s _nr`zlmci IhycmxkneKekxkmxkwi%

Kekxkmxkwis mcrnss dyrkshkcxknes keclyhi Lkxirmc{4 @i{ xn Limrekeo meh Zmxf xnZrnszirkx{ – Me Mcxkne Zlme gnr Mxlmexkc Cmemhm 2::;–2:=8, hiwilnzih b{ EiBryeskc`, Eignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr, Enwm Scnxkm, meh Zrkeci Ihmrh Kslmeh,xfrnyof xfi Cnyeckl ng Mxlmexkc Akeksxirs ng Ihycmxkne meh Xrmkekeo &CMAIX+% Xfizlme ms lmyecfih ke Sizxiabir 2::; meh hkricxs CMAIX akeksxirs xn hiwilnz memcxkne zlme xn kazrnwi lkxirmc{ rmxis ke Mxlmexkc Cmemhm%

CAIC, xfrnyof kxs Lkxirmc{ Mcxkne Zlme &2::?+, ricnoektis lkxirmc{ ms m zrknrkx{gnr Cmemhm% Zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml akeksxirs ng ihycmxkne cnaakxxih xnnr` xnoixfir ke gkwi ì{ mrims ‘ znlkc{, zrmcxkci, iwkhieci, mmrieiss, meh

http://www.tcu.gov.on.ca/eng/eopg/oalcf/


http://camet-camef.ca/images/eng/docs/2010%2520Literacy%2520Progress%2520Report%2520ENGLISH%2520FINAL.pdf









ieomoiaiex ‘ ke xfikr ne dyrkshkcxknes meh cnllicxkwil{ xfrnyof CAIC xnkecrimsi xfi lkxirmc{ liwils ng Cmemhkmes%

Xfrnyof xfi Nggkci ng Lkxirmc{ meh Issiexkml S`klls &NLIS+, xfi Onwireaiexng Cmemhm cnazliaiexs zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml lkxirmc{ meh issiexkml!s`kllsiggnrxs b{ nr`keo kxf zmrxeirs mcrnss Cmemhm xn filz iazln{irs, zrmcxkxkneirs,meh xrmkeirs byklh lkxirmc{ meh issiexkml s`klls kexn xfikr xrmkekeo zrnormas%Xfisi iggnrxs filz Cmemhkmes meh xfikr gmaklkis hiwilnz xfi s`klls eicissmr{ xniwnlwi kxf xfikr dnbs meh mhmzx xn cfmeoi% Gnr ivmazli, NLIS ks cnllmbnrmxkeokxf Kehysxr{ Cmemhm‛s Cmemhm Byskeiss Eixnr` xn byklh ne xfikr ivksxkeokegrmsxrycxyri xn iecnyrmoi meh filz samll!byskeiss neirs meh iexrizrieiyrs xn

kewisx ke s`klls hiwilnzaiex ke xfi nr`zlmci%

2%=%=% Ricnoekne ng kegnraml mhylx limrekeo

Siwirml zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis fmwi hiwilnzih znlkckis xn ricnoekti, wmlkhmxi,meh mccrihkx ene!gnraml limrekeo% Zrknr limrekeo mssissaiex meh ricnoekxkne&ZLMR+ ks m zrnciss xfmx filzs mhylxs hianesxrmxi meh omke ricnoekxkne gnrlimrekeo xfi{ fmwi mc}ykrih nyxskhi ng gnraml ihycmxkne sixxkeos%

Enwm Scnxkm‛s Ricnoekxkne ng Zrknr Limrekeo Znlkc{ Grmainr` &Enwiabir 2::;+xmìs kexn mccnyex xfi s`klls meh ènlihoi xfmx zinzli mc}ykri kegnramll{ mehivzirkiexkmll{ xfrnyof xfikr lkgi meh nr`%

Sms`mxcfime meh Amekxnbm mlsn fmwi znlkckis ne zrknr limrekeo xfmx mlln gnrcrihkx xn bi okwie ke xfikr mhylx!limrekeo meh bmskc ihycmxkne zrnormas gnr gnraml,ene!gnraml, meh kegnraml limrekeo ivzirkiecis%

Enrxfisx Xirrkxnrkis riciexl{ biome zklnxkeo me Mhylx Ricnoekxkne Anhil xfmxmllns riskhiexs xn ricikwi crihkx gnr zrknr limrekeo%

Ke ]yibic, ricnoekxkne ng zrknr limrekeo meh s`klls ks ornyehih ke xfi OnwireaiexZnlkc{ ne Mhylx Ihycmxkne meh Cnexkeykeo Ihycmxkne meh Xrmkekeo, rilimsih ke2::2% Mhylxs cme mlsn mcciss m eyabir ng xnnls xn gmcklkxmxi ricnoekxkne ng xfikr

zrknr limrekeo meh s`klls%

Nexmrkn‛s znlkc{ zrnwkhis m gnraml iwmlymxkne meh mccrihkxmxkne zrnciss enems Zrknr Limrekeo Mssissaiex meh Ricnoekxkne gnr Amxyri Sxyhiexs, isxmblksfihke 2::3, fkcf iemblis sxyhiexs =6 {imrs ng moi meh nlhir fn fmwi biie nyx



23 MHYLX!LIMREKEO MEH S@KLLS!HIWILNZAIEX S[SXIAS KE CMEMHM

ng scfnnl gnr mx limsx m {imr xn imre yz xn 27 ng 3: crihkxs xnmrh fkof!scfnnlormhymxkne% Zrknr limrekeo keclyhis xfi ènlihoi meh s`klls m sxyhiex fmsmc}ykrih, ke bnxf gnraml meh kegnraml m{s, nyxskhi ng Nexmrkn sicnehmr{!scfnnlclmssrnnas%

Ke Brkxksf Cnlyabkm, sxyhiexs cme imre crihkx xfrnyof i}ykwmliec{, cfmllieoi,ivxireml crihiexkmls, znsxsicnehmr{ crihkx, meh kehiziehiex hkricxih sxyhkis% Kemhhkxkne, m eyabir ng znsxsicnehmr{ kesxkxyxknes ke BC fmwi ZLMR%

_fkli Ei Bryeskc` hnis enx fmwi me nggkckml znlkc{ sxmxiaiex ne ricnoektkeokegnraml limrekeo, xfi zrnwkeci syzznrxs xfi Ei Bryeskc` ZLMR Mcxkne Ornyz,fkcf cnesksxs ng m wmrkix{ ng sxmìfnlhirs% Zrknr limrekeo ks kecnrznrmxih kexn

xfi mcxkwkxkis ng zrnormas sycf ms Cnaayekx{ Mhylx Limrekeo Eixnr` clmssis,_nr`zlmci Issiexkml S`klls, meh Hkokxml Lkxirmc{%

Ke 2::6, Mlbirxm Mhwmecih Ihycmxkne meh Xicfenlno{ rilimsih Mhwmeckeo ZLMR ke Mlbirxm4 Me Mcxkne Zlme% Xfi nwirmrcfkeo onmls ng xfi mcxkne zlme mri xn4 syzznrxm }ymlkx{, limreir!ciexrih s{sxia0 gnsxir m cylxyri ke syzznrx ng mll limrekeo0gmcklkxmxi meh iefmeci limrekeo meh nr` xrmeskxknes0 meh kecrimsi zmrxkckzmxknemeh mcciss xn cnexkeynys ihycmxkne, zmrxkcylmrl{ gnr yehir!rizrisiexih ornyzs%

Anri kegnramxkne ne zrknr limrekeo mssissaiex meh ricnoekxkne ke Cmemhm ksmwmklmbli mx fxxz4..%ckckc%cm.8=2.zrknr!limrekeo!mssissaiex!meh!ricnoekxkne!

ke!cmemhm%cmemhm%

2%=%2% Lmeoymoi znlkckis

Snai dyrkshkcxknes fmwi znlkckis ne lmeoymoi ng kesxrycxkne riglicxkeo xfihianormzfkc meh cylxyrml hkaiesknes ng xfi znzylmxknes xfi{ sirwi% Lmeoymoiskeclyhi Ieolksf, Griecf, Brmklli meh skoe lmeoymoi, meh Mbnrkokeml lmeoymois% EiBryeskc` meh ]yibic fmwi liokslmxkne szillkeo nyx xfikr lmeoymoi znlkckis%

2%=%3% Kewnlwkeo mhylx limreirs ke znlkc{ hiwilnzaiex

Onwireaiexs fmwi amhi orimx iggnrxs xn hkricxl{ kewnlwi mhylx limreirs kehkscyssknes mbnyx znlkc{ meh zlmes gnr mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiexzrnormas% Ansx ngxie, mhylx limreirs mri msìh gnr kezyx, xfrnyof cnesylxmxkne,syrwi{s, nr gncys ornyzs, xn zrnwkhi giihbmc` ne wmrknys mszicxs ng mhylx limrekeo,grna zrnorma iwmlymxkne xn znlkckis meh }ymlkx{ grmainr`s%

http://www.cicic.ca/412/prior-learning-assessment-and-recognition-in-canada.canada







Ke Sms`mxcfime, mhylx limreirs fmwi zmrxkckzmxih ke gncys ornyzs meh syrwi{smeh fmwi biie rizrisiexih ne xfi Sms`mxcfime Lkxirmc{ Eixnr` bnmrh mehnxfir cnaakxxiis% Ke Enwm Scnxkm, mhylx limreirs fmwi biie kewnlwih xfrnyofcnesylxmxkne meh gncys!ornyz hkscysskne% Ke Nexmrkn, mhylx limreirs iricnesylxih hyrkeo m xfkrh!zmrx{ iwmlymxkne ng xfi Lkxirmc{ meh Bmskc S`klls &LBS+Zrnorma ke 2:== meh xfi zklnxkeo ng xfi Nexmrkn Mhylx Lkxirmc{ CyrrkcylyaGrmainr`% Nexmrkn‛s Mssnckmxkne ng Mhylx meh Cnexkeykeo Ihycmxkne Scfnnl BnmrhMhakeksxrmxnrs &CISBM+ ks m amdnr sxmìfnlhir ngxie cnesylxih ne znlkc{ mehzrnorma cfmeois ke mhylx sicnehmr{!scfnnl zrnormaakeo%

Mhylx limreirs ke Zrkeci Ihmrh Kslmeh iri kewnlwih ke xfi hiwilnzaiex ng

xfmx zrnwkeci‛s gkrsx sxrmxio{, rilimsih ke =;;7, meh kll bi kewnlwih kxf xfihiwilnzaiex ng kxs ei sxrmxio{%

Ke Brkxksf Cnlyabkm, Amekxnbm, meh Eignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr, mhylx limreirs

fmwi mlsn biie zmrx ng cnesylxmxkne zrncissis% Ke Ei Bryeskc`, mhylx limreirsfmwi zmrxkckzmxih ke limreir gncys ornyzs ms zmrx ng xfi hiwilnzaiex ng m }ymlkx{grmainr` kekxkmxkwi% Mhhkxknemll{, ms zmrx ng xfi }ymlkx{ grmainr`, limreircnesylxmxkne ks cneskhirih m bisx zrmcxkci meh ks anekxnrih b{ xfi hilkwir{ximas% Ke Brkxksf Cnlyabkm, xfi Akeksxr{ ng Mhwmecih Ihycmxkne cnllmbnrmxihkxf Mbnrkokeml Znsx!Sicnehmr{ Ihycmxkne meh Xrmkekeo Zmrxeirs xn hiwilnz meMbnrkokeml Znsx!Sicnehmr{ Ihycmxkne meh Xrmkekeo Znlkc{ Grmainr` meh Mcxkne

Zlme% Xfi akeksxr{ mlsn ysih snckml aihkm &Xkxxir meh Gmcibnn`+ ms zmrx ng kxsieomoiaiex kxf ckxkties% ]yibic fms cmllih yzne limreirs xn zrnwkhi kezyx neri}ykriaiexs gnr xfi sicnehmr{!scfnnl hkzlnam%

2%2% Onwiremeci

Ke Cmemhm, zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml akeksxrkis riszneskbli gnr ihycmxkne zlme,kazliaiex, meh iwmlymxi znlkckis gnr mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex% Xfksks ngxie hnei xfrnyof cnesylxmxkne meh.nr ke zmrxeirsfkz kxf nromektmxknes grnanxfir onwireaiex sicxnrs, eneonwireaiexml nromektmxknes, nr xfi zrkwmxi sicxnr%Xfi rmeoi ng nromektmxknes kewnlwih ke wmrknys dyrkshkcxknes keclyhis xfnsi grna

xfi ihycmxkne, fimlxf, cylxyri, snckml sirwkcis, iazln{aiex, kaakormxkne, mehnxfir sicxnrs%

Xfi zrnwkskne ng mhylx limrekeo meh xrmkekeo ke Cmemhm ks mcfkiwih xfrnyof mkhi szicxrya ng moieckis, nromektmxknes, meh kesxkxyxknes% Scfnnl bnmrhs,cnlliois, cëoizs, wncmxkneml ciexris, mhylx!limrekeo ciexris, Mbnrkokeml!neih




meh !nzirmxih znsxsicnehmr{ kesxkxyxknes, cnaayekx{ ornyzs, ene!zrngkxmeh wnlyexiir ornyzs, iazln{irs, yeknes, mssnckmxknes, zrkwmxi cnazmekis,szickml ornyzs sirwkeo Mbnrkokeml limreirs, kaakormexs, naie, zrksneirs, xfihksmhwmexmoih, meh xfi yeiazln{ih ‘ mll zrnwkhi zrnormas meh sirwkcis%

Zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml onwireaiexs, ngxie ke cnnzirmxkne kxf xfi gihirmlonwireaiex, zrnwkhi aycf ng xfi gyehkeo gnr xfisi zrnormas% Xfi sxrycxyris,gyehkeo anhils, zrnwkhirs, meh zrnormas wmr{ maneo dyrkshkcxknes, byx imcfzrnwkhis m khi rmeoi ng limrekeo nzznrxyekxkis gnr mhylxs%

Ke mll ng Cmemhm‛s =3 dyrkshkcxknes, xfi akeksxr{ &nr akeksxrkis+ riszneskbli gnrihycmxkne mri riszneskbli gnr iesyrkeo xfi cnnrhkemxkne ng mhylx!limrekeo meh

s`klls!hiwilnzaiex mcxkwkxkis maneo xfisi sxmìfnlhirs%

2%2%=% Cmzmckx{ byklhkeo

Imcf zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml onwireaiex syzznrxs cmzmckx{ byklhkeo xniesyri xfmx hkggiriex sxmìfnlhirs mri mbli xn zmrxkckzmxi ke znlkc{ meh zrnormahiwilnzaiex, kazliaiexmxkne meh iwmlymxkne ng mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!

hiwilnzaiex kekxkmxkwis%

Dyrkshkcxknes fmwi wmrknys aixfnhs ng syzznrxkeo cmzmckx{ byklhkeo% Gnr ivmazli,Brkxksf Cnlyabkm cn!cnesxrycxs znlkc{ kxf mhylx!ihycmxkne ximcfirs meh

mhakeksxrmxnrs meh gyehs m ene!zrngkx lkxirmc{ nromektmxkne xfmx gmcklkxmxis cmzmckx{byklhkeo gnr cnaayekx{!bmsih lkxirmc{ zrnwkhirs% Xfrnyof xfi hiwilnzaiex ng Hksxrkcx Lkxirmc{ Zlmes, cnaayekxkis mri okwie xfi xnnls xn khiexkg{ xfikr nelkxirmc{ eiihs, nzznrxyekxkis, meh zrnormas% Xfks ieomoiaiex ke zlmeekeosyzznrxs cnaayekx{!bmsih cmzmckx{ hiwilnzaiex xfrnyofnyx xfi zrnwkeci%

Mlbirxm syzznrxih m _nr`zlmci Issiexkml S`klls Xrmkekeo Zrnorma gnr nr`zlmciissiexkml!s`klls xrmkekeo xfrnyof xfi hiwilnzaiex ng zmrxeirsfkzs hiskoeih xn

gnsxir m cnegkhiex, keenwmxkwi, meh fkofl{ lkxirmxi nr`gnrci% Xfisi zmrxeirsfkzskll filz iazln{ih Mlbirxmes xn omke xfi issiexkml s`klls eicissmr{ xn gyll{zmrxkckzmxi mx nr` meh cnexrkbyxi xn m fkofl{ zrnhycxkwi nr`zlmci%

Sms`mxcfime gyehs cnaayekxkis xn hiwilnz cmzmckx{ meh crimxi keenwmxkwim{s xn mhhriss xfikr lkxirmc{ eiihs xfrnyof cnaayekx{ lkxirmc{ zlmeekeokewnlwkeo byskeiss meh cnaayekx{ zmrxeirs% Kx fms mlsn yehirxmìe m zklnx zrndicxxn kecrimsi cnaayekx{ cmzmckx{ xn riszneh xn znxiexkml nrìrs fn, kxfmssksxmeci, cnylh kecrimsi xfikr lkxirmc{ liwils meh iazln{mbklkx{ s`klls%




Ke Enrxfisx Xirrkxnrkis, xfi xirrkxnrkml onwireaiex syzznrxs cmzmckx{ byklhkeob{ zrnwkhkeo meeyml ke!sirwkci xrmkekeo gnr hilkwir{!moiex kesxrycxnrs mehmhylx ihycmxnrs% Skaklmrl{, Enwm Scnxkm syzznrxs cmzmckx{ byklhkeo b{ gyehkeozrngisskneml!hiwilnzaiex mcxkwkxkis%

Iazln{ir meh cnaayekx{ cmzmckx{ mri mrims ng iazfmsks ke Amekxnbm‛s lmbnyr!amrìx moriiaiexs meh zlmes% Ke mhhkxkne, xfi zrnwkeci‛s crnss!onwireaiex mhylx!lkxirmc{ xmbli syzznrxs cnnrhkemxkne meh cnllmbnrmxkne maneo riliwmex zrnwkeckmlonwireaiex hizmrxaiexs%

Gyehkeo gnr 26 lkxirmc{!syzznrx nromektmxknes fkcf riglicx xfi sirwkci zrnwkhirs‛cylxyrml, lkeoyksxkc, meh hilkwir{!anhi hkwirskx{ ks Nexmrkn‛s i{ cmzmckx{!byklhkeo

xnnl% Ke mhhkxkne, xfi Mhylx Ihycmxkne Znlkc{ Yekx nr`s ke zmrxeirsfkz kxf CISBMmeh nxfir sxmìfnlhirs xn hiwilnz meh hksxrkbyxi xnnls meh risnyrcis xn syzznrxzrngisskneml hiwilnzaiex gnr mhylx!crihkx!zrnorma zrmcxkxkneirs%

]yibic nggirs zrngisskneml hiwilnzaiex meh syzznrx xn cnyesillnrs, ximcfirs,meh mhakeksxrmxnrs ke wmrknys mrims, keclyhkeo xfi kazliaiexmxkne ng ei mhylx!oieirml!ihycmxkne cyrrkcylm%

Zrkeci Ihmrh Kslmeh‛s Hizmrxaiex ng Keenwmxkne meh Mhwmecih Limrekeo byklhscmzmckx{ b{ nr`keo ke zmrxeirsfkz kxf S`kllsZIK meh Fnllmeh Cnllioi xn hiwilnz,mhakeksxir, meh hilkwir lkxirmc{ meh mhylx bmskc ihycmxkne &MBI+ zrnormas%

Ke Ei Bryeskc`, xfi zrnwkeci ks nr`keo xfrnyof kxs _nr`zlmci Issiexkml S`kllssxrmxiokc zlme xn kecrimsi rimcf meh cmzmckx{ xfrnyof sxrmxiokc zmrxeirsfkzs mehsfmrih neirsfkz ng nr`zlmci issiexkml!s`klls xrmkekeo% Mhhkxknemll{, xfi zrnwkeciks ivzlnrkeo mlxiremxkwi sirwkci!hilkwir{ anhils meh sxrmxiokis xn mhhriss bmrrkirsxn zmrxkckzmxkne gnr mhylx limreirs%

Ke mhhkxkne xn gyehkeo xfi [y`ne Limre Snckix{ xn zrnwkhi lkxirmc{ sirwkcis xn[y`ne riskhiexs, xfi xirrkxnr{ mlsn ieomois cnexrmcxnrs xn filz syzznrx cmzmckx{byklhkeo ke sxrmxiokc zlmeekeo, znlkc{ hiwilnzaiex, kazliaiexmxkne, meh zrnormaiwmlymxkne%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm zrnwkhis syzznrx xn zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis snxfi{ cme zrnwkhi keenwmxkwi s`klls!hiwilnzaiex xrmkekeo xfrnyof Lmbnyr AmrìxMoriiaiexs &LAMs+ meh Lmbnyr Amrìx Hiwilnzaiex Moriiaiexs &LAHMs+%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm fms iexirih kexn xfisi bklmxirml moriiaiexs kxf

zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis xn iembli xfia xn hiskoe, hilkwir, meh amemoi s`kllsmeh iazln{aiex zrnormas% LAHMs mri hiskoeih xn filz Iazln{aiex Kesyrmeci






byklhkeo eiihs, bnxf ms iazln{irs meh nrìrs &limreirs+% Sxmìfnlhirs msìhxfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm xn hiwilnz xnnls xn syzznrx xfia xn “xmì mcxkne‑ neissiexkml s`klls% Ke risznesi xn xfi 2::9 ieomoiaiex ivircksi, NLIS hiwilnzih mwmrkix{ ng grii, ims{!xn!ysi, meh cysxnaktmbli xnnls meh syzznrxs xn filz gmcklkxmxiissiexkml!s`klls kewisxaiexs ke, nr gnr, xfi nr`zlmci% Cyrriexl{, 66 xnnls mrimwmklmbli xn xfi zyblkc bnxf ne!lkei meh ke zrkex gnramx%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm ks mlsn mcxkwi ke byklhkeo xrmkekeo cmzmckx{ maneoiazln{irs xfrnyof xfi Rnyehxmbli ne _nr`gnrci S`klls &R_S+% R_S brkeosxnoixfir limhirs grna kehysxr{, lmbnyr, meh onwireaiex xn ivmakei ì{lmbnyr!amrìx xriehs meh khiexkg{ keenwmxkwi m{s xn gmcklkxmxi nr`zlmci!

s`klls hiwilnzaiex maneo mhylx limreirs% Aiabirsfkz ks cnaznsih ng sieknrrizrisiexmxkwis grna xfi byskeiss cnaayekx{ meh nromektih lmbnyr, mlneo kxfrizrisiexmxkne grna zrnwkeckml.xirrkxnrkml onwireaiexs meh riliwmex gihirmlhizmrxaiexs% Kx syzznrxs xfi onwireaiex zrknrkx{ ng iesyrkeo xfmx Cmemhm fms xfibisx!ihycmxih, ansx s`kllih, meh ansx glivkbli nr`gnrci ke xfi nrlh%

2%3% Gkemeckeo

Ke lkei kxf cnaakxaiexs amhi yehir xfi Bilëa Grmainr` gnr Mcxkne, Cmemhm‛szrnwkeckml, xirrkxnrkml, meh gihirml onwireaiexs ricnoekti xfi wmlyi ng kewisxkeo kemhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex, meh xfikr snckml bieigkxs%

Iwir{ zrnwkeci meh xirrkxnr{ zrnwkhis skoekgkcmex gyehkeo xn mhylx limrekeomeh s`klls hiwilnzaiex ms zmrx ng kxs nwirmll ivziehkxyri ne ihycmxkne% Xfisiivziehkxyris, fkcf keclyhi xfnsi gnr iliaiexmr{, sicnehmr{, znsxsicnehmr{,meh mhylx ihycmxkne, mri keclyhih ke xfi gnllnkeo xmbli, fkcf sfns xnxml zyblkcivziehkxyri ne ihycmxkne mcrnss Cmemhm bixiie =;;:!;= meh 2::6!:;%

Xnxml Zyblkc ivziehkxyri ne ihycmne, Cmemhm, =;;:!;= xn 2::6!:;

&akllknes ng cyrriex hnllmrs+

=;;:!;= =;;9!;7 2:::!:= 2::8!:9 2::9!:7 2::7!:? 2::?!:6 2::6!:;

87,928 99,7:2 73,922 ??,=8: 68,?7: 6?,899 ;2,?22 ;9,?32

Enxi4 Keclyhis ivziehkxyri b{ gihirml, zrnwkeckml.xirrkxnrkml, meh lncml nrhirs ng onwireaiex%

Snyrci4 Mhmzxih grna xfi Sxmscs Cmemhm CMESKA hmxmbmsi CMESKA Xmbli 369!:::= &cyrriexhnllmrs+% Wirskne yzhmxih Myoysx 2?, 2::;% Yzhmxih Hiciabir =7, 2::;%fz4..%sxmxcme%oc%cm.zyb.6=!962!v.2::;::3.xbl.b%2%=!ieo%fxa#e2



2; MHYLX!LIMREKEO MEH S@KLLS!HIWILNZAIEX S[SXIAS KE CMEMHM

Ms nyxlkeih zriwknysl{, mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex, xfnyof cnnrhkemxihxfrnyof akeksxrkis riszneskbli gnr ihycmxkne, kewnlwi xfi zmrxkckzmxkne ng meyabir ng nxfir sicxnrs% Xfirignri, cnsxs mssnckmxih kxf xfi zrnwkskne ng mehmcciss xn mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex on bi{neh xfi cnsx ng zrnwkhkeolimrekeo nzznrxyekxkis meh sfnylh bi cneskhirih ke xfi cnexivx ng nxfir cnsxs gnrmhylxs, sycf ms kecnai rizlmciaiex, cfklh cmri, nr nxfir sirwkcis xfmx rianwibmrrkirs xn mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex nzznrxyekxkis% Ke xfks lkofx, kx ks

enx znsskbli xn mccyrmxil{ riznrx ne mll ivziehkxyris rilmxih xn mhylx limrekeo mehs`klls hiwilnzaiex%

Ke mll dyrkshkcxknes, zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml onwireaiexs zrnwkhi gyehs gnrmhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex, fixfir xfrnyof gyehkeo ng kesxkxyxkneml

zrnwkhirs, cnaayekx{ meh wnlyexmr{ zrnwkhirs, sybskhkis hkricxl{ xn limreirs,szickml zrndicx gyehkeo, meh.nr sybskhkis xn meh cnsx!sfmrkeo zrnormas kxfkehysxr{ meh byskeiss% Ms enxih mbnwi, Cmemhm‛s =3 mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex s{sxias wmr{ skoekgkcmexl{ ke nromektmxkne, hilkwir{, meh zrnormanggirkeos xn aiix xfi eiihs ng xfi hkggiriex znzylmxknes xfi{ sirwi% Ms sycf,en cnaane byhoix kehkcmxnrs ivksx mx xfi zme!Cmemhkme liwil xn cmlcylmxi xnxmlivziehkxyris ne mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex ke Cmemhm%

Sms`mxcfime fms zrnwkhih neonkeo liomc{ gyehkeo gnr mhylx!lkxirmc{

zrnormaakeo skeci =;6?, meh fms kecrimsih cmzmckx{ gnr mhylx!lkxirmc{ sirwkcisxfrnyof xfi Sms`Samrx Keenwmxknes Gyeh% Xfks kekxkmxkwi ms kexrnhycih ke 2::9xn mssksx cnaayekxkis ke hiwilnzkeo zmrxeirsfkzs xn hiskoe meh kazliaiexcnaayekx{ lkxirmc{ zlmes bmsih ne lncmll{ khiexkgkih eiihs meh risnyrcis%Ke 2:=:!==, Eignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr sxmrxih zrnwkhkeo Lmbnyr Amrìx

Moriiaiex gyehs gnr mhylx lkxirmc{ zrnormaakeo% Ricnoektkeo xfi kaznrxmeci ng lkxirmc{, Nexmrkn fms cnaakxxih xn kewisxkeo me mhhkxkneml (88 akllkne ke kxs LBSZrnorma grna 2:=:!== xn 2:=3!=8 meh fms kecrimsih gyehkeo gnr scfnnl bnmrh!hilkwirih mhylx meh cnexkeykeo ihycmxkne zrnormas b{ 89 zir ciex skeci 2::3%

Bixiie 2::; meh 2:=2, Brkxksf Cnlyabkm kewisxih nwir (8%8 akllkne ke xfi

S`kllsZlys kekxkmxkwi xn filz zrizmri mhylxs gnr iazln{aiex sycciss b{ zrnwkhkeonr`zlmci!bmsih kesxrycxkne ke issiexkml s`klls% Brkxksf Cnlyabkm mlsn kewisxihanri xfme (? akllkne ke xfi Mbnrkokeml Xrmkekeo gnr Iazln{aiex Zrnorma, fkcfzrnwkhis Mbnrkokeml zinzli kxf cylxyrmll{ bmsih dnb!rilmxih xrmkekeo meh syzznrxsirwkcis%




Zme!Cmemhkme gyehkeo szickgkcmll{ gnr mhylx lkxirmc{ ks iwie anri hkggkcylx xnhixirakei% Ke mhhkxkne xn xfi cfmllieois enxih mbnwi, mhylx!lkxirmc{ zrnormaakeoke Cmemhm ks ngxie zrnwkhih ke cnllmbnrmxkne kxf nxfir sicxnrs sycf xfmx lkxirmc{limrekeo ks iabihhih ke nxfir mrims ng zrnormaakeo &i%o%, nr`zlmci smgix{,zyblkc lkbrmrkis, zyblkc fimlxf+ xn iesyri khiszrimh mcxkne ne lkxirmc{% Xfnyofm xnxml byhoix manyex ks enx mwmklmbli, xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm fms gyehih

eyairnys mhylx!lkxirmc{ zrndicxs fkcf mri hiscrkbih biln%

Xfi 2:=2 byhoix meenyecih (7 akllkne ke mhhkxkneml gyehkeo xn ivzmeh xfiXfkrh]ymrxir zrndicx% Xfkrh]ymrxir ks me ne!lkei dnb zrnorma&%Xfkrh]ymrxir%cm+ lih b{ xfi Amekxnbm Cfmabirs ng Cnaairci xfmx

amxcfis xfi s`klls ng Cmemhkmes moih 9:!zlys kxf byskeissis meh nromektmxknes%Xfkrh]ymrxir fms hiwilnzih me iggicxkwi mzzrnmcf, zirakxxkeo iazln{irs mehnrìrs xn amì sykxmbli amxcfis bmsih ne yskeo m cnaane lmeoymoi gnriazln{irs xn hiscrkbi xfi s`klls xfi{ ri}ykri meh gnr nrìrs xn hiscrkbi xfi s`kllsxfi{ brkeo, xfys zyxxkeo xfi gncys ne amxcfkeo s`kll sixs rmxfir xfme dnb xkxlis%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm mlsn xrmesgirs mzzrnvkamxil{ (2%9 bkllkne iwir{ {imrxn zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml onwireaiexs xfrnyof LAMs meh LAHMs% LAM.LAHMgyehkeo okwis zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis xfi glivkbklkx{ xn xmroix s`klls!hiwilnzaiexzrnormas mccnrhkeo xn lncml eiihs% Ame{ ng xfi rickzkiexs ng xfks gyehkeo nbxmkexfikr xrmkekeo mx nei ng Cmemhm‛s cnaayekx{ cnlliois%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm mlsn xrmesgirs (2=6A meeymll{ xfnyof LAMZHs xn =:zrnwkecis xn kazrnwi xfi iazln{aiex skxymxkne gnr Cmemhkmes kxf hksmbklkxkis% Kemhhkxkne, bixiie 2::7 meh 2:=8, xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm kll fmwi kewisxih

(2?: akllkne ke XKN_ xn mssksx yeiazln{ih nr irs moih 99 xn 78 kxf xfikrrixyre xn nr`%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm fms xmìe skoekgkcmex sxizs xn syzznrx mzzriexkcis mehricnoektis xfi kaznrxmex cnexrkbyxknes xrmhiszinzli amì xn Cmemhm‛s icnena{%Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm syzznrxs mzzriexkcisfkzs xfrnyof m cnabkemxkne ng ormexs meh xmv syzznrxs%

Ke Byhoix 2::7, xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm kexrnhycih xfi MzzriexkcisfkzKeciexkwi Ormex &MKO+ ‘ m (=:: akllkne meeyml kewisxaiex% Xfrnyof Cmemhm‛s




Icnenakc Mcxkne Zlme ke Byhoix 2::;, xfi gihirml onwireaiex meenyecih xfiMzzriexkcisfkz Cnazlixkne Ormex &MCO+ ‘ me (6: akllkne kewisxaiex nwir xn{imrs &ke gkscml 2::;!=: meh 2:=:!==+%

Ke mhhkxkne xn MKO meh MCO, xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm mlsn nggirs xmv crihkxsxn syzznrx mzzriexkcis meh mzzriexkcisfkzs% Xfi Hihycxkne gnr Xrmhiszinzli‛sXnnl Ivziesis mllns xrmhiszinzli xn hihycx yz xn (9:: ng xfi xnxml cnsx ng ilkokbli xnnls mc}ykrih ke m xmvmxkne {imr xfmx ivciihs xfi manyex ng xfi CmemhmIazln{aiex Crihkx &(=,:;9 ke 2:=2+% Ke mhhkxkne xn ormexs meh xmv syzznrxs, xfiOnwireaiex ng Cmemhm syzznrxs mzzrnvkamxil{ 7:,::: mzzriexkcis iwir{ {imr gnrxfi xicfekcml nr scfnnl!bmsih znrxknes ng xfikr mzzriexkcisfkz xfrnyof IK%

Ke mhhkxkne xn xfisi kewisxaiexs, xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm fms riciexl{cnaakxxih xn m lneo!xira moiehm xfmx kll amì xmeokbli kazrnwiaiexs xn xfi}ymlkx{ ng lkgi ng Enrxfireirs% Xn iesyri xfmx anri Enrxfireirs cme bieigkx grnalncml iazln{aiex nzznrxyekxkis, xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm fms cnaakxxih(2? akllkne nwir gkwi {imrs xn ivzmeh mhylx bmskc ihycmxkne ke xfi xirrkxnrkis%Xfks kekxkmxkwi ks ivzmehkeo xirrkxnrkml cnlliois‛ lkxirmc{ meh eyairmc{ zrnormas,zmrxkcylmrl{ ke rianxi cnaayekxkis, xn xmroix nr`keo!moi Enrxfireirs mehmssksx xfia ke oixxkeo xfi bmskc s`klls xfi{ eiih xn dnke xfi nr`gnrci meh xmìmhwmexmoi ng iairokeo icnenakc nzznrxyekxkis%

2%8% Zrnormas meh zmrckzmneMhylx Cmemhkmes fmwi m hkwirskx{ ng limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex nzznrxyekxkis%Ke riciex {imrs, anri Cmemhkmes xfme iwir bignri fmwi ieomoih ke snai gnrang nromektih limrekeo nggirih b{ ikxfir iazln{irs, zrngisskneml mssnckmxknes mehlmbnyr yeknes, onwireaiexs, nr nxfir nromektmxknes nggirkeo xrmkekeo gnr zmrxkcylmrornyzs sycf ms Mbnrkokeml zinzli, kaakormexs, zirsnes kxf hksmbklkxkis, meh nlhirCmemhkmes%

2%8%=% Mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormaakeo

Xfi emxyri ng mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex nzznrxyekxkis wmrkis mcrnss

zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis, sicxnrs, meh cnaayekxkis xn aiix xfi szickgkc eiihs ng xfi znzylmxknes xfi{ sirwi% Xfnyof zrnorma emais meh hilkwir{ aixfnhs hkggirmcrnss mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex s{sxias, xfi zrnormas lksxih bilnnggir ivmazlis ng xfi x{zis ng zrnormaakeo nggirih% Gnr m anri cnazrifieskwilksx ng mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormas mwmklmbli ke Cmemhm, zlimsi

cnesylx xfi zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml _ib skxis lksxih ke Mzziehkv M%




Bmskc s`klls meh limrekeo zrnormas gnr mhylxs

Mll zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis nggir mhylx!bmskc!s`klls zrnormaakeo xn aiixxfi lkxirmc{ meh yzormhkeo eiihs ng mhylx limreirs% Zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkmlcyrrkcylm meh anekxnrkeo iesyri }ymlkx{, i}ykx{, meh nyxcnais gnr mhylxlimreirs%

Ieolksf nr Griecf ms m sicneh.mhhkxkneml lmeoymoi

Ieolksf meh Griecf mri xfi xn nggkckml lmeoymois ng Cmemhm% Lmeoymoi!xrmkekeozrnormas hiskoeih xn aiix xfi eiihs ng eicnairs xn Cmemhm mri nggirih ke mwmrkix{ ng sixxkeos meh gnramxs%

Cnaayekx{ meh wnlyexiir!xyxnr mhylx!lkxirmc{ zrnormas

Xfisi zrnormas nggir cnaayekx{!bmsih nr nei!xn!nei sissknes, fkcf am{ bike xfi gnra ng xyxnrkeo, gnr mhylx!lkxirmc{ limreirs%

Wncmxkneml ihycmxkne meh xrmkekeo

Wncmxkneml ihycmxkne rigirs xn m aylxk!{imr zrnorma nr sirkis ng cnyrsiszrnwkhkeo szickmlktih kesxrycxkne ke m s`kll nr m xrmhi kexiehih xn limh xfisxyhiex hkricxl{ kexn m cmriir nr zrnorma bmsih ne xfmx s`kll nr xrmhi% Kx ksnggirih ke sicnehmr{ scfnnls meh mx xfi znsxsicnehmr{ liwil ke zyblkc cnlliois

meh kesxkxyxis0 zrkwmxi gnr!zrngkx cnlliois0 meh ke xfi nr`zlmci, xfrnyofmzzriexkcisfkz zrnormas% Mx xfi sicnehmr{ liwil, wncmxkneml zrnormas am{bi nggirih mx sizmrmxi, szickmlktih scfnnls nr ms nzxkneml zrnormas ke scfnnlsnggirkeo bnxf mcmhiakc meh wncmxkneml sxrimas%

Mzzriexkcisfkz

Mzzriexkcisfkz zrnormas ke Cmemhm fmwi oieirmll{ biie oimrih xnmrh mhylxs,kxf {nyxf bicnakeo kecrimskeol{ kewnlwih ke snai dyrkshkcxknes% Xfi rilmxihkehysxr{ ks riszneskbli gnr zrmcxkcml xrmkekeo hilkwirih ke xfi nr`zlmci, mehihycmxkneml kesxkxyxknes zrnwkhi xfi xfinrixkcml cnazneiexs% Skeci xfi lmxi

=;;:s, mzzriexkcisfkz rioksxrmxknes fmwi sfne m sximh{ kecrimsi, rimcfkeomlansx 32?,9:: ke 2:=:%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm nr`s clnsil{ kxf zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkmlonwireaiexs meh kehysxr{ sxmìfnlhirs% Xfrnyof CCHM, bnxf nrhirs ng onwireaiex sxrieoxfie meh zrnanxi mzzriexkcisfkz s{sxias meh amemoi mehhilkwir xfi Kexirzrnwkeckml Sxmehmrhs Rih Siml Zrnorma% Xfi zrnorma, fkcfcyrriexl{ cnwirs 93 xrmhis, iecnyrmois xfi fmranektmxkne ng zrnwkeckml meh




xirrkxnrkml mzzriexkcisfkz xrmkekeo meh cirxkgkcmxkne zrnormas meh zrnanxislmbnyr anbklkx{ mcrnss xfi cnyexr{%

_nr`zlmci meh nr`gnrci limrekeo

Zrnormaakeo ks ngxie hiwilnzih ke zmrxeirsfkz kxf iazln{irs xn zrnwkhimhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex nzznrxyekxkis%

Xfi gnllnkeo x{zis ng zrnormas mri dysx m gi ng xfi mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormas nggirih ke ansx zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis ng Cmemhm4

• lkxirmc{ &rimhkeo, rkeo, eyairmc{+

• wncmneml &xicfekcml, kecnai!oieirmne!rilmxih+• lkgi s`klls meh.nr fimlxf kssyis

• ysi ng kegnramne meh cnaayekcmne xicfenlnokis

• nckml.lncml lmeoymois

Ke mhhkxkne, siwirml zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis fmwi zrnormas xfmx keclyhi4

• gnrikoe lmeoymois

• fyame rkofxs.ckwkc ihycmne

• lkbirml ihycmne.zirsneml ornxf &i%o%, mrsc, cylxyrml+

Ke mlansx mll zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis, kegnramxkne meh cnaayekcmxknexicfenlnokis mri ysih ke xfi hilkwir{ ng mx limsx snai ng xfisi zrnormas% Anrixfme fmlg ng mll zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis zrnwkhi xfisi zrnormas ke bnxf ng Cmemhm‛s nggkckml lmeoymois, kxf xfi nxfirs zrnwkhkeo xfia ke Ieolksf nel{%Enrxfisx Xirrkxnrkis mlsn zrnwkhis zrnormas ke Mbnrkokeml lmeoymois, fkcf ks mcfmllieoi, okwie xfmx xfi xirrkxnr{ fms == nggkckml lmeoymois%

Ke mhhkxkne, Nexmrkn meh Ei Bryeskc` zrnwkhi lkxirmc{ zrnormas ke MairkcmeSkoe Lmeoymoi ms xfi lmeoymoi ng kesxrycxkne, meh bnxf zrnwkecis zrnwkhi xfia

ke Brmklli ms ill% Ke mll cmsis, limrekeo amxirkmls mri zrnwkhih ke xfi lmeoymoi ng kesxrycxkne%

Ansx ‘ byx enx mll ‘ zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis nr` kxf gnricmsxs gnr xfi syzzl{ng meh hiameh gnr mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormas, mlxfnyof

xfisi mri snaixkais lkakxih xn kegnraml aimsyris sycf ms xfi lieoxf ng mkxkeolksxs%




2%8%2% ZmrckzmneMhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex mri kecrimskeol{ ricnoektih ms issiexkmlke m ènlihoi!bmsih icnena{ ke fkcf xfi s`klls ri}ykrih gnr m sycciss mricnesxmexl{ iwnlwkeo% Zrnhycxkwkx{, cnazixkxkwieiss, icnenakc hiwilnzaiex, mehxfi ill!bikeo ng kehkwkhymls, gmaklkis, meh cnaayekxkis mri clnsil{ lkeìh xn mill!xrmkeih meh mhmzxkwi nr`gnrci%

Ansx zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis fmwi xmroixih szickgkc limreir ornyzs ke xfikrmhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex znlkckis% Mll keclyhi m gncys ne {nyxf,Mbnrkokeml limreirs, xfi yeiazln{ih, meh zirsnes kxf hksmbklkxkis% Ansx gncys nekaakormexs% Siwirml mlsn gncys ne nlhir mhylxs, ryrml riskhiexs, meh.nr zrksneirs%

Ke ricnoekxkne ng xfi kaznrxmeci ng m lkgilneo mzzrnmcf xn limrekeo, me Mcciss mehSyzznrx xn Ihycmxkne meh Xrmkekeo Syrwi{ ms cnehycxih b{ Sxmxksxkcs Cmemhmbixiie Dyei meh Ncxnbir 2::6%

Xfi syrwi{ riwimlih xfmx bixiie Dyl{ 2::? meh Dyl{ 2::6, me isxkamxih=: akllkne Cmemhkmes moih =6 xn 78 fmh zmrxkckzmxih ke snai x{zi ng gnramlihycmxkne crihkx zrnorma nr xrmkekeo &keclyhkeo cnyrsis, nr`sfnzs, zrkwmxilissnes, meh ne!xfi!dnb xrmkekeo xfmx hn enx limh xn m gnraml ihycmxknemlcrihiexkml+, fixfir gnr zirsneml kexirisx, cmriir, nr dnb rimsnes% Xfks ks 8?zir ciex ng xfi Cmemhkme znzylmxkne moih =6 xn 78% Maneo xfi skoekgkcmex

cfmrmcxirksxkcs ng xfnsi ieomoih ke xrmkekeo iri4

• Xfi zirciexmoi ieomoih ke xrmkekeo &38 zir ciex+ ms mlansx hnybli xfmx ng xfnsi ieomoih ke gnraml ihycmne crihkx zrnormas &=6 zir ciex+%

• Zmrckzmne ke xrmkekeo oieirmll{ kecrimsih kxf moi, kxf 39–88!{imr!nlhsbikeo xfi ansx ieomoih mx 8= zir ciex%

• Xfi zirciexmois ng aie meh naie zmrckzmeo ke xrmkekeo iri wir{clnsi, kxf aie mx 33 zir ciex meh naie mx 39 zir ciex%

• Liwil ng zriwknys ihycmne fmh m sxrneo keyieci ne zmrckzmne kexrmkekeo% Dysx nwir =8 zir ciex ng xfnsi kxf liss xfme m fkof!scfnnl

ihycmne zmrckzmxih ke xrmkekeo0 xfi zirciexmoi rnsi xn 28 zir ciex fkof!scfnnl ormhymxis0 kx rnsi skoekcmexl{ xn nwir 82 zir ciex gnr xfnsi kxfznsxsicnehmr{ ihycmne%

• Xfi mwirmoi hyrmne ng xfi xrmkekeo ricikwih ke 2::; ms 9: fnyrs%




Xfi syrwi{ sfnih xfmx xfi wmsx amdnrkx{ &6; zir ciex+ ng xrmkekeo mcxkwkxkisyehirxmìe b{ iazln{ih Cmemhkmes iri syzznrxih b{ me iazln{ir% Xfks syzznrxms fkofir gnr mcxkwkxkis yehirxmìe b{ nrìrs nlhir xfme 39, meh slkofxl{ fkofirgnr aie% Xfi zrnznrxkne ng xrmkekeo mcxkwkxkis xfmx iri iazln{ir!syzznrxih msskaklmr gnr xfi xfrii liwils ng ihycmxkneml mxxmkeaiex%

Cnazmrkeo xfi syrwi{ risylxs xn m skaklmr sxyh{ yehirxmìe ke 2::2 sfns snaiiecnyrmokeo cfmeois ke xiras ng mcciss xn xrmkekeo4

• Ke 2::6, 3:%7 zir ciex ng nr`keo!moi mhylx Cmemhkmes zmrckzmxih ke dnb!rilmxih xrmkekeo, m skv zir ciex kecrimsi grna 2::2%

• Zmrckzmne ms fkofisx gnr xfnsi moih 39–88 mx 37 zir ciex, kxf 29–38!{imr! nlhs mx 32 zir ciex meh 89–78!{imr!nlhs mx 2? zir ciex% Mll ng xfisiornyzs kecrimsih xfikr zmrckzmne rmxis grna 2::2%

• Xfnsi kxf liss xfme m fkof!scfnnl ihycmne fmh xfi lmroisx rmxi ng kecrimsi&9%2 zir ciex+ byx sll fmh xfi lnisx rmxi ng zmrckzmne ke xrmkekeo mx ==%?zir ciex%

• Xfi zrnznrne ng dnb!rilmxih xrmkekeo mcwkis sznesnrih b{ iazln{irskecrimsih slkofxl{, grna 66 zir ciex ke 2::2 xn ;: zir ciex ke 2::6%

• Xfi kecrimsi ms ansx skoekcmex gnr nrìrs moih 39–88 meh 89–78 meh gnrxfnsi kxf m fkof!scfnnl hkzlnam nr i}ykwmliex%

Snai zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis fmwi khiexkgkih hkggiriecis bixiie aie mehnaie ke xfikr zmrxkckzmxkne ke mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormas%Gnr ivmazli, grna 2::; xn 2:==, Cmemhm‛s kewisxaiex mssksxih nwir =%9 akllkneCmemhkmes xfrnyof zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml zrnormas meh sirwkcis gyehihb{ LAHMs% Ke xfi smai zirknh ng xkai, mzzrnvkamxil{ 829,::: Cmemhkmesiri mssksxih xfrnyof LAMs% Ke mhhkxkne, LAMZHs syzznrx rnyofl{ 3::,:::kexirwiexknes imcf {imr xfrnyof nwir =:: zrnormas xfmx mri gyehih ke zmrx b{ xfiOnwireaiex ng Cmemhm meh hiskoeih meh hilkwirih b{ dyrkshkcxknes%

Ke 2::;!2:=:, gihirml zrnormas mssksxih nwir 7:,::: Mbnrkokeml mhylx limreirs0

nwir =?,::: nlhir nrìrs ricikwih xfi s`klls!hiwilnzaiex xrmkekeo eiihih xnsycciih ke xfi lmbnyr amrìx0 meh clnsi xn ?:,::: mzzriexkcis ricikwih s`klls!hiwilnzaiex syzznrx xfrnyof xfi IK zrnorma%




2%8%3% Limrekeo amxirkmls

Limrekeo amxirkmls gnr mhylx ihycmxkne mri hiwilnzih ke wmrknys m{s b{ hkggiriexzrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis%

Gnr ivmazli, ke Ei Bryeskc`, xfi Cnaayekx{ Mhylx Limrekeo Sirwkcis Brmecfkeclyhis m Zrnorma Hiwilnzaiex meh Nzirmxknes sicxkne, fkcf cnesksxs ng xncyrrkcylya hiwilnzirs &nei gnr imcf nggkckml lmeoymoi+ meh siwirml cnesylxmexs%Xfisi sxmgg aiabirs hiwilnz cyrrkcylya meh limrekeo amxirkmls% Xfi{ mlsniwmlymxi cyrrkcylya meh limrekeo amxirkmls grna ivxireml snyrcis% Mhhkxknemll{,ximcfirs meh.nr xrmkeirs grna mll zrnormas hiwilnz fkofl{ cysxnaktih limrekeomcxkwkxkis meh amxirkmls, fkcf mri ansxl{ sxnrih ke me ilicxrnekc riznskxnr{%

Ke [y`ne, amxirkmls mri hiwilnzih b{ xfi lkxirmc{ nromektmxkne0 xfi [y`neonwireaiex hnis enx hiwilnz lkxirmc{!limrekeo amxirkmls% Ke Nexmrkn, lkxirmc{limrekeo amxirkmls mri hiwilnzih b{ sirwkci zrnwkhirs, keclyhkeo cnlliois mehscfnnl bnmrhs, meh mhylx sicnehmr{ crihkx amxirkmls mri hiwilnzih b{ scfnnlbnmrhs meh xfi Kehiziehiex Limrekeo Ciexri% Ke ]yibic, cnyrsi amxirkmls gnr xfiwmrknys mhylx!oieirml!ihycmxkne cyrrkcylm mri zrnhycih b{ zyblksfirs, xfi Snckëxëhi gnramxkne ê hksxmeci his cnaakssknes scnlmkris hy ]yëbic &]yibic scfnnlbnmrhs‛ hksxmeci ihycmxkne cnrznrmxkne+, meh kehkwkhyml scfnnl bnmrhs% Snaiamxirkmls mri znsxih xn xfi Mlivmehrki ne!lkei lkbrmr{% Aiabir nromektmxknes

ng xfi Rësimy h‛mcxkne cnaayemyxmkri myxnenai ie ëhycmxkne &Myxnenanys

ihycmxkne cnaayekx{ mcxkne eixnr`+ mlsn hiskoe snai amxirkmls%

Limrekeo amxirkmls gnr lkxirmc{ zrnormas ke Brkxksf Cnlyabkm mri hiwilnzihb{ cnllioi kesxrycxnrs, ihycmxnrs cirxkgkih b{ xfi Ximcfir Rioylmxkne Brmecfng xfi Akeksxr{ ng Ihycmxkne, Hicnhm Lkxirmc{ Snlyxknes &m eneonwireaiexmlnromektmxkne+, meh onwireaiex% Limrekeo amxirkmls gnr mhylx Ieolksf lmeoymoi

hiwilnzaiex mri crimxih b{ sxmìfnlhirs kxf ivzirxksi, sycf ms zyblkcznsxsicnehmr{ kesxkxyxknes meh zrngisskneml nromektmxknes, oieirmll{ yehircnexrmcx xn xfi zrnwkeckml onwireaiex%

Xfi zrnwkeckml cyrrkcylya ke Zrkeci Ihmrh Kslmeh ks mzzrnwih b{ onwireaiex gnr

ysi ke xfi ihycmxkne s{sxia%Ke Enrxfisx Xirrkxnrkis, amxirkmls mri hiwilnzih mx mll liwils yz xn amemoiaiex

ke xfi Mhwmecih Ihycmxkne meh Cmriirs Brmecf ng xfi Hizmrxaiex ng Ihycmxkne,Cylxyri meh Iazln{aiex, ms ill ms mx xfi cnllioi meh EON liwils%

Ke Enwm Scnxkm, xfi zrnwkeckml onwireaiex limhs, kxf xn cyrrkcylya cnesylxmexsne sxmgg meh kezyx grna zmrxeirs%

http://www3.recitfga.qc.ca/Alexandrie2012/

http://www3.recitfga.qc.ca/Alexandrie2012/



3? MHYLX!LIMREKEO MEH S@KLLS!HIWILNZAIEX S[SXIAS KE CMEMHM

Cyrrkcylya gnr xfi zrnwkeckml Mhylx Bmskc Ihycmxkne &MBI+ Zrnorma keEignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr ks xfi riszneskbklkx{ ng xfi Mhylx Limrekeo mehLkxirmc{ Hkwkskne, Hizmrxaiex ng Mhwmecih Ihycmxkne meh S`klls% Snai lkxirmc{risnyrci amxirkmls mri hiwilnzih mx xfi cnaayekx{ liwil%

Ke Sms`mxcfime, cyrrkcylya gnr sicnehmr{!liwil cnazlixkne ks hiwilnzih b{ xfiAkeksxr{ ng Ihycmxkne% Xfks cyrrkcylya gnr sicnehmr{!liwil cnazlixkne ks mlsn ysihb{ znsxsicnehmr{ kesxkxyxknes nggirkeo fkof!scfnnl cnazlixkne zrnormas gnr mhylxlimreirs% Xfi Akeksxr{ ng Mhwmecih Ihycmxkne, Iazln{aiex meh Kaakormxkne fmshiwilnzih meh kazliaiexih cyrrkcylya gnr MBI Liwil 3 &Mhylx =:+, fkli xfiSms`mxcfime Lkxirmc{ Eixnr`, kxf xfi akeksxrkis ng Ihycmxkne meh ng Mhwmecih

Ihycmxkne, Iazln{aiex meh Kaakormxkne fmwi hiwilnzih lkxirmc{ biecfamr`s gnrMBI Liwils = meh 2%

Nexmrkn gyehs syzznrx nromektmxknes xn hiwilnz limrekeo amxirkmls xfmx mlkoe kxf

xfi ei Nexmrkn Mhylx Lkxirmc{ Cyrrkcylya Grmainr` sxmehmrhs meh riglicx bnxfxfi onml!nrkiexih emxyri ng xfi LBS Zrnorma meh kxs hkwirsi limreir eiihs%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm, xfrnyof NLIS, zrnwkhis gyehkeo xfrnyof kxs ormexs

meh cnexrkbyxknes xn hiwilnz lkxirmc{ meh issiexkml!s`klls xnnls, anhils, mehmssissaiexs% NLIS mlsn mcxs ms xfi sximrh gnr xfi Issiexkml S`klls RisimrcfZrndicx grmainr` meh aixfnhnlno{ meh xfi Issiexkml S`klls Zrngklis, mehhiwilnzs, zyblksfis, meh hkssiakemxis m sykxi ng lkxirmc{ meh issiexkml!s`kllsrisnyrcis xn sxmìfnlhirs mcrnss Cmemhm%

Xfrnyof xfi “_nr`keo ke Cmemhm‑ _ib skxi, xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm zrnwkhiscysxnaktih riznrxs xfmx cnabkei dnb znsxkeos, nccyzmxkneml zrngklis, lmbnyr!amrìx kegnramxkne meh gnricmsxs, cirxkgkcmxkne meh s`klls ri}ykriaiexs, mehxrmkekeo meh ihycmxkne kegnramxkne%

2%8%8% Anekxnrkeo zmrckzmne

Mlansx mll zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis xrmc` limreir!liwil kegnramxkne meh hmxm nelimrekeo nyxcnais% Gnr ivmazli, ]yibic, Brkxksf Cnlyabkm, meh Ei Bryeskc`

cnllicx limreir!liwil kegnramxkne ne iernlaiex, mxxiehmeci, meh zrnormacnazlixkne% Xfi lmxxir xn zrnwkecis mlsn cnllicx hmxm ne limrekeo nyxcnaisgrna ximcfirs.gmcklkxmxnrs, sxmehmrhktih xisxs gnr cirxkgkcmxkne zyrznsis, mehsxmehmrhktih xisxs gnr sxmxksxkcml zyrznsis%




Ansx nxfir zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis cnllicx mx limsx snai ng xfks smaikegnramxkne% Xfrnyof zrnwkeci!khi kegnramxkne amemoiaiex s{sxias, Nexmrkncnllicxs m khi rmeoi ng limreir hmxm, keclyhkeo bnxf sxmehmrhktih meh ene!sxmehmrhktih limreir nyxcnais% Xfisi nyxcnais mri mlkoeih kxf xfi NexmrknMhylx Lkxirmc{ Cyrrkcylya Grmainr`, mhylx sicnehmr{!scfnnl cnyrsi meh hkzlnamcnazlixknes% Ke Ei Bryeskc`, xfi _nr`zlmci Issiexkml S`klls Zrnorma fmshiwilnzih ei oykhilkeis gnr xfi akekaya eyabir ng fnyrs xfmx mhylx limreirs

eiih xn mxxieh xrmkekeo bmsih ne xfi issiexkml s`kll&s+ xmroixih% Xfks ks kexiehih xn

iesyri m akekaya sxmehmrh gnr nr`zlmci xrmkekeo% Xfi zrnwkeci ks mlsn nr`keoxn khiexkg{ ì{ zirgnrameci kehkcmxnrs meh aimsyris ng sycciss% Xfrnyof xfkszrnciss, m sxmehmrh gnr fmx ks cneskhirih m “syccissgyl cnazlixkne‑ fms biie

khiexkgkih% Kx ks mexkckzmxih xfmx ke xfi eimr gyxyri, kx kll bi znsskbli xn meml{ti xfifnyrs m limreir mxxiehih xrmkekeo momkesx xfi ì{ zirgnrameci kehkcmxnrs meh.nrsyccissgyl cnazlixknes szickgkcmll{%

Xfiri ks cyrriexl{ limreir!liwil kegnramxkne mx xfi zme!Cmemhkme liwil%

2%9% ]ymlkx{ mssyrmeci

]ymlkx{ mssyrmeci fms bicnai kecrimskeol{ kaznrxmex ms Cmemhm‛s lmehscmzi ng ihycmxkne meh xrmkekeo zrnwkhirs bicnais anri hkwirsi% ]ymlkx{ mssyrmeci rigirsxn xfi crkxirkm meh zrncissis iazln{ih ke riwkis ng kesxkxyxknes meh.nr zrnormas

xn hixirakei fixfir sxmehmrhs six gnr }ymlkx{ meh nyxcnais mri bikeo aix mehamkexmkeih meh fixfir xfi{ iecnyrmoi cnexkeynys kazrnwiaiex ke xfi }ymlkx{ng mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex%

Imcf zrnwkeci meh xirrkxnr{ fms kxs ne mzzrnmcf xn }ymlkx{ mssyrmeci meh }ymlkx{crkxirkm ke xfi gnllnkeo mrims ng xfikr mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiexzrnormas4

• cyrrkcylm

• limrekeo amxirkmls

• gmcklkxmxnrs‛ xrmkekeo

Anri kegnramxkne mbnyx xfisi }ymlkx{ crkxirkm ks mwmklmbli ne xfi zrnwkeckml mehxirrkxnrkml _ib skxis mwmklmbli ke Mzziehkv M%



3; MHYLX!LIMREKEO MEH S@KLLS!HIWILNZAIEX S[SXIAS KE CMEMHM

Ansx zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis mlsn fmwi }ymlkx{ crkxirkm gnr ximcfkeo.limrekeoaixfnhs meh xfi mssissaiex ng limrekeo nyxcnais%

Xn iesyri }ymlkx{ zrnormas, mll zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis nggir xrmkekeo gnrznxiexkml mhylx ihycmxnrs.ximcfirs xfrnyof znsxsicnehmr{ kesxkxyxknes sycf msyekwirskxkis nr cnlliois% Siwirml zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis zrnwkhi sycf xrmkekeoxfrnyof xfikr akeksxrkis ng ihycmxkne nr lncml scfnnl bnmrhs% M gi zrnwkhi sycfxrmkekeo xfrnyof eneonwireaiexml nromektmxknes, meh ke Amekxnbm, xrmkekeo ks

mwmklmbli xfrnyof zrkwmxi!sicxnr zrnwkhirs%

Neonkeo zrngisskneml hiwilnzaiex ks mlsn mwmklmbli ke mll zrnwkecis mehxirrkxnrkis xfrnyof znsxsicnehmr{ kesxkxyxknes% Ansx mlsn zrnwkhi zrngisskneml

hiwilnzaiex xfrnyof xfikr akeksxr{ ng ihycmxkne nr scfnnl bnmrhs meh xfrnyofeneonwireaiexml nromektmxknes% Ke Ei Bryeskc`, ]yibic, meh Amekxnbm,zrngisskneml hiwilnzaiex ks mlsn mwmklmbli xfrnyof zrkwmxi!sicxnr zrnwkhirs%

2%7% Aimsyrkeo zrnoriss

Ke Cmemhm, zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis ysi m wmrkix{ ng kehkcmxnrs xn anekxnr mehiwmlymxi mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormas%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm nr`s kxf xfi zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis xfrnyofCAIC xn hiwilnz sxmehmrhktih snyrcis ng kegnramxkne ne s`klls hiwilnzaiex

ke Cmemhm% Riciex syccissis keclyhi gihirml!zrnwkeckml.xirrkxnrkml cnnzirmxkneke lmroi!scmli kexiremxkneml syrwi{s sycf ms xfi Zrnormaai gnr KexiremxknemlMssissaiex ng Mhylx Cnazixieckis &ZKMMC+ meh xfi Zrnormaai gnr KexiremxknemlSxyhiex Mssissaiex &ZKSM+, ms ill ms aylxklmxirml cnllmbnrmxkne ne cnllicxkeos`klls meh limrekeo hmxm &i%o%, sxyhiex iernlaiex meh ZSI ormhymxkne rmxis+% Xfisiiggnrxs kll sxrieoxfie xfi gnyehmxkne ng kegnramxkne ne s`kll liwils meh lmbnyr!

gnrci syzzl{ ke Cmemhm, gmcklkxmxi iwkhieci!bmsih hickskne am`keo, meh oieirmxikazrnwih amxcfkeo ng s`klls meh cnyrsi nggirkeos kxf amrìx hiameh%

Ke mhhkxkne xn ZKMMC, zmsx kexiremxkneml syrwi{s, sycf ms xfi 2::3 Mhylx Lkxirmc{meh Lkgi S`klls Syrwi{ &MLL+, zrnwkhi znzylmxkne!bmsih mssissaiex ng xfi s`kll

liwils ng mhylxs% Gnr ivmazli, xfi 2::3 MLL riznrxih xfmx me isxkamxih siwieakllkne Cmemhkme mhylxs am{ lmc` xfi gyecxkneml lkxirmc{ s`klls xfi{ eiih xn mhdysxxn icnenakc cfmeoi%




Ansx zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis ysi mhakeksxrmxkwi hmxm ne iernlaiexs mehzmrxkckzmxkne zrnwkhih b{ sirwkci zrnwkhirs sycf ms scfnnl bnmrhs, cnlliois,cnaayekx{ ornyzs, mhylx!limrekeo ciexris% Snai mlsn ysi emxkneml ciesys hmxmmeh hkricx xisxkeo%

Ansx zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis riznrx xfmx xfi{ gmci cfmllieois ke cnllicxkeomhylx!limrekeo hmxm, rmeokeo grna yemwmklmbklkx{ ng hmxm ‘ iszickmll{ ne kekxkmxkwisenx gyehih b{ onwireaiex ‘ xn kecnesksxiex riznrxkeo meh m lmc` ng cnesksxiexsxmehmrhs% Me mhhkxkneml cfmllieoi kxf hmxm cnllicxkne ks xfi xiehiec{ ng zinzlikxf ln!liwil lkxirmc{ s`klls xn enx silg!khiexkg{%

2%7%=% Iwmlymne aicfmeksas

Ansx zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis anekxnr meh iwmlymxi mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormaakeo%

Gnr ivmazli, mll scfnnl!hksxrkcx zrnormas ke Brkxksf Cnlyabkm mri zmrx ng rioylmrmyhkx zrncissis% Zrnwkeckml onwireaiex sxmgg, keclyhkeo cnexrmcx amemoirs,zrnorma hiwilnzirs, meh znlkc{ meml{sxs, anekxnr meh rioylmrl{ iwmlymxi Ieolksflmeoymoi!hiwilnzaiex zrnormaakeo% Zrnorma iwmlymxknes mri cnehycxih nem rioylmr bmsks, mssisskeo bnxf zrnorma kazliaiexmxkne meh nyxcnais% Hmxms{sxias meh cnexrmcx riznrxkeo cmzxyri nyxzyx meh nyxcnai kegnramxkne neclkiexs, meh nyxcnai syrwi{s mri ysih xn mssiss kazmcxs ng zrnormas ne clkiexs%

Cnaayekx{!bmsih mhylx!lkxirmc{ zrnormas meh nr`zlmci!bmsih zrnormas mrimssissih yskeo me iwmlymxkne grmainr` xfmx keclyhis limreir mssissaiex momkesxm cnaane biecfamr` s{sxia meh.nr zri! meh znsx!xisxs% Znsxsicnehmr{!bmsihmhylx!ihycmxkne meh lkxirmc{ zrnormas mri mrxkcylmxih, meh sxyhiex!nyxcnaissyrwi{s mri cnehycxih meeymll{% Gyrxfiranri, iernlaiex xmroixs ivksx gnr xfisizrnormas xn iesyri akekaya zrnorma!hilkwir{ liwils%

Mlbirxm‛s cnaayekx{!bmsih lkxirmc{ zrnormas mri kazliaiexkeo m cnaanerimhkeo!biecfamr s s{sxia xfmx kll syzznrx sxyhiex iwmlymxkne meh kegnraxfi hiwilnzaiex ng zrnormas% Ms ill, iernlaiex xmroixs mri isxmblksfih meh

nyxcnais mri anekxnrih%

Ke Eignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr, skxis hilkwirkeo xfi zrnwkeckml MBI zrnorma mrianekxnrih b{ zrnwkeckml cnesylxmexs% Ivxireml iwmlymxknes riomrhkeo xfi hilkwir{ng MBI Liwil = fmwi biie cnehycxih% Liwils 2.3 ng xfi MBI zrnorma fmwi enxbiie ivxiremll{ iwmlymxih% M zrnwkeckml MBI hmxmbmsi xrmc`s MBI hmxm meh myhkxsormhymxkne ri}ykriaiexs gnr Liwil 3%




Ke mhhkxkne xn m xfkrh!zmrx{ iwmlymxkne ng lkxirmc{ meh bmskc!s`klls sirwkci zrnwkhirsxfmx ms yehirxmìe ke Nexmrkn ke 2:=:!==, xfmx zrnwkeci anekxnrs sirwkcizrnwkhirs ne me meeyml bmsks% Skaklmrl{, kexirka meh meeyml riznrxkeo meh rioylmrskxi anekxnrkeo mri ysih ke Enwm Scnxkm xn omxfir hmxm gnr xfi iwmlymxkne ng mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormaakeo% Amekxnbm mlsn anekxnrs meh

iwmlymxis zrnormaakeo%

Ke ]yibic, sxm{!ke!scfnnl meh scfnnl!sycciss kehkcmxnrs mri byklx kexn zmrxeirsfkzmoriiaiexs bixiie scfnnl bnmrhs meh xfi Akeksxæri hi l‛Ëhycmxkne, hy Lnkskr ix hy Sznrx%

Ke risznesi xn kxs sxrmxiokc zlmes meh sybsi}yiex mcxkne zlmes, Ei Bryeskc`

fms ieomoih ke m zrnciss xn khiexkg{ ì{ zirgnrameci kehkcmxnrs meh zirgnrameciaimsyris gnr imcf ng kxs zrnormas% Mgxir iesyrkeo xfmx iggicxkwi hmxm!cnllicxkne,sxnrmoi, meh riznrxkeo s{sxias mri ke zlmci, xfi zrnwkeci kll cnazlixi xfi ckrcling anekxnrkeo meh iwmlymxkne b{ isxmblksfkeo aimsyris ng sycciss mx zrnorma!hiwilnzaiex meh nzirmxkneml liwils% M zrnorma!iwmlymxkne grmainr` kll bi

hiwilnzih, meh sybsi}yiex ivxireml iwmlymxkne kll bi yehirxmìe%

Anekxnrkeo meh iwmlymxkne ng mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormaakeo

ke Enrxfisx Xirrkxnrkis ms keclyhih ke xfmx xirrkxnr{‛s Mhylx Lkxirmc{ meh BmskcIhycmxkne Hkricxkwi &2:::+%

Ke Zrkeci Ihmrh Kslmeh, anekxnrkeo meh iwmlymxkne aicfmeksas keclyhi anexfl{riznrxs meh zrnorma!cnazlixkne riznrxs%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm aimsyris zrnorma sycciss momkesx ivzicxihnyxcnais, fkcf mri zyblksfih ke hizmrxaiexml zirgnrameci riznrxs% Xfi riznrxscme bi gnyeh ne!lkei mx fxxz4..%frshc%oc%cm.ieo.zyblkcmxknes^risnyrcis.hzr.kehiv%sfxal%

2%7%2% Sxyhkis kegnrakeo znlkc{ meh zrnorma hiskoe

Ansx onwireaiexs fmwi cnaaksskneih sxyhkis ke nrhir xn kegnra mhylx!limrekeo

meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex znlkc{, zrnorma hiskoe, meh kazliaiexmxkne%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm, xfrnyof FRSHC, ks nr`keo kxf xfi Snckml Risimrcfmeh Hianesxrmxkne Cnrznrmxkne &SRHC+ xn hiwilnz m cnecizxyml amz gnr meml{tkeomhylx!limrekeo nyxcnais% Xfks amzzkeo ivircksi keclyhis xfi hiwilnzaiex ng m x{znlno{, me meml{sks ng limrekeo mcxkwkxkis, meh m aicfmeksa gnr cmzxyrkeonyxcnais%

http://www.hrsdc.gc.ca/eng/publications_resources/dpr/index.shtml







Xn gyrxfir sxyhkis, cnaaksskneih b{ NLIS, ivzlnri hkokxml s`klls meh eyairmc{%Xfi risimrcf ne hkokxml s`klls risylxih ke4

• m ei cnecizx ng “hkokxml xicfenlno{ s`klls‑ zrnznsih ms nei ng xfi ekeiissieml s`klls% Xfks cnecizx ks anri cnazrifieskwi xfme “cnazyxir ysi‑meh kewnlwis cnazliv cnoekwi meh aixm!cnoekwi s`klls0

• m Hkokxml S`klls Grmainr` gnr Cmemhkme nrìrs fkcf ms hiwilnzih mehwmlkhmxih b{ m ornyz ng ì{ kegnramexs rizrisieeo wmrknys icnenakcsicxnrs mcrnss Cmemhm0

• me meml{cml syrwi{ ng zrnakskeo xnnls meh zrncihyris gnr mssisskeo hkokxmls`klls% Zrnznsmls gnr hiwilnzkeo m cnazlivkx{ rmeo scmli ng hkokxml xicfenlno{

s`klls iri oieirmxih%

Fkoflkofxs ng xfi eyairmc{ risimrcf keclyhi4

• M cnazmrmwi meml{sks ng xfi hieknes meh gmcixs ng eyairmc{ ysih b{ xfikexiremneml mssissaiexs, kxf m wki xn iwmlymeo xfikr cnazmbklkx{ kxfxfi gyecnes meh kexiehih ysis ng xfi issieml s`klls zrnlis hiwilnzih b{FRSHC%

• Xfi Issieml S`klls Risimrcf Zrndicx &ISRZ+ hiekne ng eyairmc{ sfnylhfkoflkofx hiclmrmwi meh zrncihyrml amxfiamcml enlihoi, iazfmskti

ysi ng ènlihoi meh mbklkis, hiscrkbi zyrznsis gnr eyairmc{ rilmxihmcwkis, bi cnexivx!rilmxih, meh iazfmskti crkcml ieomoiaiex kxfeyairkcml kegnramne meh mcwkis%

• Xfrii cnazlivkx{ scmlis sfnylh bi cneskhirih gnr xfi ISRZ aixfnhnlno{4nei gnr hiclmrmwi ènlihoi cnazlivkx{, nei gnr nzirmnes.zrncihyris,meh nei gnr amxfiamcml rizrisiexmne%

FRSHC fms mlsn cnaaksskneih risimrcf grna NICH ke nrhir xn kegnra znlkc{ mehzrnorma hiskoe meh kazliaiexmxkne ne xfi amxxir ng yzormhkeo s`klls ke lncmlicnenakis xn mwirx xfi zrnblia ng ln!s`kll i}yklkbrkya, firi m ln!s`kllih

syzzl{ ng lmbnyr ks aix kxf m ln!s`kllih hiameh grna iazln{irs% Xfisi sxyhkisrisylxih ke xn riznrxs4 m s{exfisks riznrx cnazmrkeo xfi skxymxkne ng xfriicnyexrkis, keclyhkeo Cmemhm, meh m szickml riznrx ne Cmemhm%



83CMEMHM‛S CNEXKEYKEO IEOMOIAIEX _KXF YEISCN ZRKNRKXKIS

Nxfir sxyhkis cnaaksskneih grna NICH keclyhi risimrcf ne iefmeckeozrnhycxkwkx{ meh rixyre ne kewisxaiex b{ liwirmokeo xrmkekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex ke samll meh aihkya!sktih iexirzrksis &SAIs+%

2%7%3% _nr`keo cnehknes ng mhylx ihycmxnrs

Nel{ m gi zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis fmwi hmxm ne isxkamxih riayeirmxkne gnrihycmxnrs.gmcklkxmxnrs ke mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormas, nr xfnsifn gncys szickgkcmll{ ne mhylx lkxirmc{%

Nexmrkn, Eignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr, meh Ei Bryeskc` fmwi yehirxmìekekxkmxkwis cnecirekeo xfi nr`keo cnehkxknes ng mhylx ihycmxnrs, gmcklkxmxnrs, meh

wnlyexiirs% Ke ]yibic, lkxirmc{ ximcfkeo sxmgg ke scfnnl bnmrhs mri zmkh mccnrhkeoxn cnllicxkwi moriiaiexs, ximcfkeo!rilmxih ri}ykriaiexs, meh ivzicxmxknes%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm, xfrnyof me NLIS!gyehih zrndicx, fms cnaaksskneihxfi Cmemhkme Lkxirmc{ meh Limrekeo Eixnr` &CLLE+ xn yehirxmì m hiscrkzxkwisxyh{ ng zrmcxkxkneirs &meolnzfnei meh grmecnzfnei+ ke xfi gkilh ng lkxirmc{ mehissiexkml s`klls ke nrhir xn yehirsxmeh xfi nwirmrcfkeo fyame!risnyrcis kssyisxfmx am{ mggicx Cmemhm‛s cmzmckx{ xn mcfkiwi bixxir lkxirmc{ meh issiexkml!s`kllsrisylxs gnr Cmemhkmes%




3% CMEMHM‛S CNEXKEYKEO IEOMOIAIEX _KXF YEISCN

ZRKNRKXKIS

3%=% CNEGKEXIM WK Gnlln!Yz

3%=%=% Kexiremneml Mhylx Limreirs‛ _ii`

Skeci 2::;, Kexiremxkneml Mhylx Limreirs‛ _ii` &KML_+ ke Cmemhm fms biiehihkcmxih xn xfi gnlln!yz ng CNEGKEXIM WK kxf xfi cnnzirmxkne ng CCY%Zmrxeirs nr` xnoixfir xn hiwilnz m hrmgx sxmxiaiex ng zrkeckzlis xfmx ks

riwkiih meeymll{% Imcf {imr, xfi{ ivmakei xfi Bilëa Grmainr` gnr Mcxknericnaaiehmxknes xfmx zrisiex zmrxkcylmr cfmllieois meh cfnnsi m gncys xniecnyrmoi xfi sfmrkeo meh zrnanxkne ng xfi mcxkne yehirxmìe ke Cmemhm xfmxcnylh keszkri nxfirs xn aiix xfnsi cfmllieois%

Zmrxeirs keclyhi nromektmxknes rizrisiexkeo Mbnrkokeml zinzlis, grmecnzfneis,zirsnes kxf hksmbklkxkis, kaakormexs, zinzli lkwkeo ke oinormzfkcmll{ rianxi mehksnlmxih cnaayekxkis, meh sieknrs, ms ill ms nggkckmls grna gihirml, zrnwkeckml,meh xirrkxnrkml onwireaiexs% Zmrxeir aiixkeos nromektih b{ CCY mlsn hkscyssihamxxirs rilmxih xn xfi ricnoekxkne ng zrknr limrekeo ke Cmemhm%

Imcf {imr anri zrnwkeckml onwireaiexs meh zmrxeirs cnnzirmxi xn zrnanxi xfikaznrxmeci ng mhylx!limrekeo hyrkeo xfmx ii`% Ke ]yibic, me Mhylx Limreirs‛_ii` fms biie me meeyml iwiex skeci 2::2%

3%=%2% Keenwmnes ke mhylx!limrekeo meh s`klls!hiwilnzaiex skeci

2::;

Skeci CNEGKEXIM WK, m eyabir ng ei kekxkmxkwis fmwi xmìe zlmci mcrnss Cmemhm%Ei mhylx!ihycmxkne meh lkxirmc{ znlkckis fmwi biie hiwilnzih ke Mlbirxm,Ei Bryeskc`, Nexmrkn, meh Enwm Scnxkm% Enrxfisx Xirrkxnrkis kexrnhycih kxsMbnrkokeml Lmeoymois Zlme%

_nr`zlmci meh nr`gnrci xrmkekeo kekxkmxkwis fmwi biie hiwilnzih ke m eyabir ng dyrkshkcxknes4

• ]yibic, ke mhhkne xn aimsyris mhnzxih ke Dyei 2:== xn mlkoe xrmkekeo mehiazln{aiex, ks nr`keo ne m gnlln!yz xn xfi Onwireaiex Znlkc{ ne MhylxIhycmne meh Cneeykeo Ihycmne meh Xrmkekeo%




• Ke Sms`mxcfime, xfi Akeksxr{ ng Mhwmecih Ihycmne, Iazln{aiex mehKaakormne kexrnhycih xfi Mhylx Bmskc Ihycmne – Issieml S`klls gnr xfi_nr`zlmci Zrnorma ke 2:=:!==% Xfks ks m ei zrnorma hiskoeih szickcmll{gnr Mbnrkokeml zinzli kxf ln liwils ng lkxirmc{ fn mri zrizmrkeognr iazln{aiex nzznrxyekis% Xfi zrnorma ieomois znsxsicnehmr{kesxynes, iazln{irs, meh Gkrsx Emnes meh nxfir cnaayekis ke xfihilkwir{ ng zrnormas xfmx hiwilnz issieml s`klls xfrnyof kesxrycne mehnr`zlmci ivzirkiecis% Zmrxeirs mri kewnlwih ke cneeynys kazrnwiaiex ng zrnorma hilkwir{ meh mccnyexmbklkx{ gnr kazrnwkeo nyxcnais%

• Ei Bryeskc` lmyecfih kxs _nr`zlmci Issieml S`klls Zrnorma ke 2::;%Xfks zrnorma lls m omz ke lkxirmc{ meh issieml!s`klls xrmkekeo b{ zrnwkhkeo

xrmkekeo xn iazln{ih ln!s`kllih mhylxs, ke xfikr nr`zlmci, ms ill ms xn“xrmhknemll{ xmroixih‑ iazln{mbli limreir ornyzs%

• Xfi S`kllsZlys zrnorma ms kexrnhycih ms m zklnx ke 2::; meh filzih nr`keoBrksf Cnlyabkmes omke xfi issieml s`klls eiihih gnr sycciss ke xfinr`zlmci% Xfi zrnorma fms skeci zrnwkhih nr`zlmci!bmsih issieml s`kllsxrmkekeo xn nwir ;:: iazln{iis%

Brksf Cnlyabkm‛s Mbnrkokeml Xrmkekeo gnr Iazln{aiex Zrnorma zrnwkhiscylxyrmll{ bmsih nr`zlmci xrmkekeo meh syzznrxs sirwkcis xfmx cneeicxMbnrkokeml zinzli xn sysxmkembli iazln{aiex nzznrxyekis%

Ei zrnormas meh risnyrcis fmwi biie hiwilnzih ke m eyabir ng zrnwkecis mehxirrkxnrkis xn kazrnwi xfi }ymlkx{ ng meh mcciss xn limrekeo nzznrxyekxkis4

• ]yibic fms hkssiakemxih m eyabir ng xnnls xn syzznrx scfnnl bnmrhsmeh gyrxfir iefmeci ricizne, rigirrml, cnyesillkeo, meh syzznrx sirwkcisxfmx nir mssksxmeci xn mhylxs ke hiwilnzkeo m xrmkekeo zlme, zmrcylmrl{ xnxfnsi kxf ln ihycmneml mmkeaiex% Gnllnkeo xfi riwkskne ng xfi mhylxoieirml ihycmne cyrrkcylya, fkcf keclyhis mhylx lkxirmc{ meh grmecktmnezrnormas, aicfmeksas iri zyx ke zlmci xn kazliaiex xfi ei cyrrkcylya%

M grmai ng rigirieci gnr myvklkmr{ sirwkcis, k%i%, syzznrx gnr mhylxs ‘ bnxfihycmneml meh zirsneml ‘ hyrkeo xfi xrmkekeo zrnciss, fms biie zrnwkhihxn scfnnl bnmrhs%

• Ei Bryeskc` zklnxih xfi Hkokxml Lkxirmc{ Zrnorma ke 2:==, fkcf zrnwkhihm ei aimes ng syzznreo mhylx limreirs xn iefmeci xfikr hkokxml!lkxirmc{s`klls% Xfi zrnorma ysis m anbkli mzzrnmcf xn xrmkekeo hilkwir{, anwkeo




bi{neh cnazyxir mcciss xn iefmeckeo bmskc hkokxml!lkxirmc{ s`klls% Xfizrnorma ks mwmklmbli ke bnxf nckml lmeoymois%

• Enrxfisx Xirrkxnrkis kexrnhycih me Mhylx Ricnoekne Anhil meh ZrknrLimrekeo Mssissaiex meh Ricnoekne znrnlkn hiwilnzaiex cnyrsi, fkcfks bikeo zklnxih b{ Myrnrm Cnllioi ke xfi kexir ng 2:=2%

• Sms`mxcfime‛s Akeksxr{ ng Ihycmne gyehih xfi Sms`mxcfime Lkxirmc{Eixnr` ke 2:== xn mhakeksxir m xfrii!{imr byrsmr{ gyeh &(8?,:::+ xn iembli2: lkxirmc{ zrmcneirs ke Sms`mxcfime xn omke m Gmakl{ Lkxirmc{ Circmxixfrnyof Wmecnywir Cnaayekx{ Cnllioi‛s ne!lkei Gmakl{ Lkxirmc{ Circmxizrnorma, fkcf keclyhis cnazline ng skv cnyrsi &=;6 fnyrs ng kesxrycne+%

Byrsmrkis ng (2,::: imcf on xn mzzrnwih mzzlkcmexs fn aysx hianesxrmxisyccissgyl cnazline meh cneeicne xn zrmcci% Xfks kekmwi fkcf kllkecrimsi xfi zrngisskneml cmzmckx{ ng gmakl{!lkxirmc{ zrmcneirs meh kllgnsxir cneeyml kazrnwiaiex ke zrnorma hiwilnzaiex, kazliaiexmnemeh zrmcci, meh cnexrkbyxi xn kecrimskeo xfi }ymlkx{ ng gmakl{ lkxirmc{zrnormaakeo ke Sms`mxcfime%

• Mlbirxm‛s Akeksxr{ ng Mhwmecih Ihycmne meh Xicfenlno{ gyehih xfiMlbirxm Rimhkeo Biecfamr`s Zrndicx, m ayl!{imr zmrxeirsfkz zrndicx xfmxkll isxmblksf lkxirmc{ biecfamr`s gnr mhylx!lkxirmc{ meh issiemls!s`kllszrnormas ke Mlbirxm% M _ib skxi fms biie isxmblksfih ms m risnyrci xn

iefmeci cmzmckx{ ng lkxirmc{ zrnwkhirs%• Ei Bryeskc` lmyecfih xfi ]ymlkx{ Grmainr` gnr Lkxirmc{ meh Issieml

S`klls Xrmkekeo ke 2::; xn ivzlnri meh hiei fmx cnesxyxis }ymlkx{ ms kxrilmxis xn mhylx lkxirmc{ meh issieml!s`klls zrnormas meh sirwkcis ke EiBryeskc`% Ke Dmeymr{ 2:==, ]ymlkx{ Grmainr` gnr Mhylx Lkxirmc{ mehIssieml S`klls Sirwkci Hilkwir{ ms zyblksfih% Xfi grmainr` keclyhis gnyrì{ iliaiexs4 }ymlkx{ sxmehmrhs, nzirmneml syzznrx, kexireml mssissaiex,meh ivxireml iwmlymne%

• Brksf Cnlyabkm‛s Lkxirmc{ Gnyehmnes Cyrrkcylya zrnwkhis sxmehmrhktih,amehmxih, cnazixiec{!bmsih zriscrkbih limrekeo nyxcnais xn mhhriss xfi

lkxirmc{!hiwilnzaiex eiihs ng ormhymxih nr ene!ormhymxih mhylx sxyhiexske cneeykeo.mlxiremwi ihycmne ciexris meh ke cnrricneml kesxynesmcrnss xfi zrnwkeci% Kx iemblis mhylxs kxf lkxirmc{ liwils biln Ormhi == xnhiwilnz ènlihoi meh s`klls ke wi sybdicx mrims &Ieolksf.lmeoymoi mrxs,amxfiamcs, sckieci, snckml sxyhkis, meh kegnramne meh cnaayekcmnesxicfenlno{+ ke nrhir xn bi syccissgyl ke cnyrsis ri}ykrih gnr ormhymne keikxfir xfi Mhylx Ormhymne Zrnorma nr xfi 2::8 Ormhymne Zrnorma%



8?CMEMHM‛S CNEXKEYKEO IEOMOIAIEX _KXF YEISCN ZRKNRKXKIS

• Nexmrkn fms ivzmehih kxs hilkwir{ ng lkxirmc{ xfrnyof kxs i!cfmeeilsxrmxio{ xfmx iefmecis ne!lkei sirwkci mcciss xn limreirs fn mrimeolnzfnei, grmecnzfnei, himg, nr Mbnrkokeml% Nexmrkn fms mlsn hiwilnzihmeh kazliaiexih me ne!lkei s{sxia gnr mssissaiex meh ricnoekne ng eicnairs‛ rsx lmeoymois gnr crihkx xnmrh me Nexmrkn Sicnehmr{ ScfnnlHkzlnam% Xfks sirwkci ks mwmklmbli mcrnss xfi zrnwkeci ke siwie lmeoymois,keclyhkeo Gmrsk meh Amehmrke% Nexmrkn ks mlsn ivzlnrkeo xfi znxieml ng riokneml zmrxeirsfkzs ng mhylx!ihycmne, lkxirmc{, meh lmeoymoi!xrmkekeozrnwkhirs xn kecrimsi mcciss xn zrnormas meh sirwkcis gnr mll mhylx limreirs%

Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm ks cyrriexl{ ivzlnrkeo ei meh keenwmxkwi m{s ng

gyehkeo zrndicxs xfmx mhhriss lkxirmc{ meh issiexkml!s`klls sfnrxmois maneo mhylxCmemhkmes xfrnyof4

• keenwmne ke xfi hilkwir{ aixfnh – keenwmwi m{s xn gnroi ayl!sxmìfnlhir mzzrnmcfis meh crimxi m siesi ng neirsfkz maneosxmìfnlhirs, meh crimwi m{s ng hilkwirkeo xfi keenwmne b{ zrnaneozmrckzmxnr{ meh kexirmcwi mzzrnmcfis0

• keenwmne ke gnrokeo ei zmrxeirsfkzs meh eixnr`s gnr xfi zyrznsi ng

sfmrkeo enlihoi meh ivzirkieci, gnsxirkeo cnaayekcmne meh ivcfmeoing ivzirkiecis0 meh

• Keenwmne ke mhhrisskeo snckml keenwmne kxf m gncys ne iesyrkeo m sxrneokexirhksckzlkemr{ mzzrnmcf ke mhhrisskeo xfi kexirrilmxih snckml, icnenakc,meh iewkrneaiexml hkaiesknes ng snckml keenwmne%

Xfisi kekxkmxkwis kllysxrmxi snai ng xfi hkwirskx{ meh keenwmxkne xm`keo zlmcike mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex mcrnss Cmemhm% Anri kegnramxkne nekeenwmxknes ke mhylx limrekeo meh s`klls hiwilnzaiex cme bi gnyeh b{ cnesylxkeoxfi risnyrcis lksxih ke Mzziehkv M%

3%2% Mcwkis skeci xfi 2::7 YELH akh!xira riwki

Skeci xfi Yekxih Emxknes Lkxirmc{ Hicmhi akh!xira riwki, lkxirmll{ fyehrihs ng mcxkwkxkis meh kekxkmxkwis fmwi xmìe zlmci ke Cmemhm xn kazrnwi xfi lkxirmc{ liwilsng Cmemhkmes%




3%2%=% Znlkckis meh zrmcci xn kazrnwi lkxirmc{

Ansx enxmbl{, zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml lkxirmc{ znlkckis meh mcxknes fmwi ikxfirbiie kexrnhycih nr mri ke hiwilnzaiex ke mll ng Cmemhm‛s =3 zrnwkecis mehxirrkxnrkis%

Ke 2::;, CAIC zyblksfih Lkxirmc{ Kekxkmxkwis4 2::6!2::;% Xfks cnazklmxknezrnwkhis kegnramxkne mbnyx xfi eyairnys zrndicxs, mmrhs, gyehkeo kekxkmxkwis,hncyaiexs, meh znlkc{ meh liokslmxkwi hiwilnzaiexs rilmxih xn lkxirmc{ xfmx irimeenyecih nr kazliaiexih b{ xfi zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis meh b{ snai ng xfikrzmrxeirs skeci xfi Mzrkl 2::6 CAIC Zme!Cmemhkme Kexirmcxkwi Lkxirmc{ Gnrya%

_fkli snai ng xfi lksxkeos hiscrkbi cnaakxaiexs xn lkxirmc{ xfmx iri rieiihbixiie Mzrkl 2::6 meh Gibrymr{ 2::;, nxfirs nyxlkei ei kekxkmxkwis xfmx mka xnivzmeh meh kazrnwi sirwkcis meh rimcf ei ornyzs%

3%2%2% Zrnaneo xfi kaznrxmeci ng lkxirmc{

Xn amdnr iwiexs mri filh meeymll{ ke Cmemhm xn rmksi mmrieiss meh zrnanxixfi kaznrxmeci ng lkxirmc{4 xfi zrisiexmxkne ng xfi Cnyeckl ng xfi GihirmxkneLkxirmc{ Mmrh meh Kexiremxkneml Lkxirmc{ Hm{%

Cnyeckl ng xfi Gihirmxkne Lkxirmc{ Mmrh

Cmemhm‛s zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis mri riznskxnrkis ng keenwmxkwi zrkeckzlis,zrmcxkcis, meh zrnormas xfmx riglicx xfi wir{ fkofisx khimls ke lkxirmc{ bisxzrmcxkcis meh sirwi xfi wmr{keo eiihs ng ame{ hkggiriex x{zis ng limreirs% Ke nrhirxn brkeo ricnoekxkne xn mcfkiwiaiexs ke lkxirmc{ ke iwir{ zrnwkeci meh xirrkxnr{,Cmemhm‛s zriakirs isxmblksfih xfi Cnyeckl ng xfi Gihirmxkne Lkxirmc{ Mmrhaihmllkne%

Skeci 2::9, xfi mmrh fms ricnoektih nyxsxmehkeo mcfkiwiaiex, keenwmxkwizrmcxkci, meh ivcillieci ke lkxirmc{% Xfkrxiie Cnyeckl ng xfi Gihirmxkne Lkxirmc{aihmllknes mri zrisiexih meeymll{, nei gnr imcf zrnwkeci meh xirrkxnr{% Xfi

Cnyeckl ng xfi Gihirmxkne Lkxirmc{ Mmrh cnwirs xfi iexkri szicxrya ng xfigkilh, keclyhkeo gmakl{, Mbnrkokeml, fimlxf, nr`zlmci meh cnaayekx{ lkxirmc{ mehcnegirrih ke ricnoekxkne ng xfi ivcillieci ng ihycmxnrs, wnlyexiirs, limreirs,cnaayekx{ nromektmxknes &keclyhkeo eneonwireaiexml nromektmxknes+, mehbyskeissis ke imcf zrnwkeci meh xirrkxnr{% Anri kegnramxkne mbnyx xfi mmrh meh

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http://www.cmec.ca/221/Programs-and-Initiatives/Literacy/Literacy-Initiatives-2008-09/Overview/index.html



8;CMEMHM‛S CNEXKEYKEO IEOMOIAIEX _KXF YEISCN ZRKNRKXKIS

kxs rickzkiexs ks mwmklmbli mx fxxz4..%cnyecklngxfigihirmxkne%cm.lkxirmc{mmrh.lkxirmc{%fxal%

Kexiremxkneml Lkxirmc{ Hm{

Iwir{ {imr, Cmemhkmes cilibrmxi Kexiremxkneml Lkxirmc{ Hm{ ne Sizxiabir 6% _kxfiwiexs zlmeeih mcrnss xfi cnyexr{, Kexiremxkneml Lkxirmc{ Hm{ zrnwkhis iwir{Cmemhkme kxf m cfmeci xn riglicx ne xfi kaznrxmeci ng lkxirmc{ ihycmxkne gnr mllsioaiexs ng nyr znzylmxkne%

3%2%3% Xriehs ke mhylx lkxirmc{ ke Cmemhm

Ke lkei kxf olnbml xriehs, Cmemhm‛s zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis cnexkeyi xn hiwilnzs{sxia!khi sxrmxiokis gnr byklhkeo meh amkexmkekeo lkxirmc{ s`klls% Xfisi sxrmxiokisricnoekti xfmx lkxirmc{ ks m cnazliv, lkgilneo zrnciss xfmx brkeos zirsneml, snckml,meh icnenakc bieigkxs xn iwir{nei% Xfi{ zrnanxi mhylx!s`klls hiwilnzaiex mehyzormhkeo xfmx cme sirwi xn bnlsxir mhylxs‛ cmzmckx{ xn mcciss gyrxfir limrekeo,cnazixi gnr bixxir dnbs, meh cnexrkbyxi xn xfi snckml, icnenakc, meh cylxyrmlhiwilnzaiex ng xfikr cnaayekxkis%

Zrnwkhkeo }ymlkx{ limrekeo nzznrxyekxkis

]ymlkx{ mx mll liwils ng ihycmxkne ks ciexrml xn zrnwkeckml meh xirrkxnrkml mcxkne nemhylx lkxirmc{% Siwirml dyrkshkcxknes mri nr`keo xn kazrnwi xfi }ymlkx{ ng mhylx!lkxirmc{ zrnormas meh xfikr hilkwir{% Xfisi zrnormas sirwi ms me kaznrxmex aimesng yzormhkeo xfi lkxirmc{ s`klls ng mhylxs kxf ln ihycmxkneml mxxmkeaiex%

Xn iesyri xfmx limrekeo cnexiex ks clnsil{ lkeìh xn sncknicnenakc meh cylxyrmlcfmeoi ke kehysxrkmlktih cnyexrkis, xrmkekeo cyrrkcylm aysx bi riwksih rioylmrl{% Ke]yibic, xfi mhylx oieirml ihycmxkne cyrrkcylya, keclyhkeo lkxirmc{, ms riciexl{yzhmxih% Zrnormas en xmroix xfi mc}ykskxkne ng m wmrkix{ ng lkgi s`klls mehènlihoi xfmx kll iwiexymll{ limh xn m gkrsx cirxkgkcmxkne nr hkzlnam%

M eyabir ng dyrkshkcxknes fmwi isxmblksfih mhylx!ihycmxkne sxmehmrhs xfrnyofzrnwkeci!khi cyrrkcylm lkeìh xn mssissaiex grmainr`s% Nexmrkn cnexkeyih xnhiwilnz kxs ei Nexmrkn Mhylx Lkxirmc{ Cyrrkcylya Grmainr , fkcf keclyhis memssissaiex grmainr` hiskoeih xn iesyri }ymlkx{ meh zrnorma cnazmrmbklkx{mcrnss xfi s{sxia% Skaklmrl{, xfi Mlbirxm Rimhkeo Biecfamr`s Zrndicx zrnwkhis


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limreirs kxf aimekeogyl kegnramxkne mbnyx xfikr s`kll liwils meh me yehirsxmehkeo

ng xfikr ne s`klls hiwilnzaiex%

Ke mhhkxkne xn sxmehmrhs meh aimsyris, m eyabir ng ei kekxkmxkwis fmwi biie

hiwilnzih xn gyrxfir iefmeci limrekeo nzznrxyekxkis b{ zrnwkhkeo limreirs kxfxfi syzznrxs xn kazrnwi mcciss xn meh ieomoiaiex ke xfikr limrekeo% Xn xfks ieh,Amekxnbm fms rilimsih siwirml xnnls risylxkeo grna xfi Iefmeckeo Xrmeskxknes gnrMhylxs xn Gyrxfir Ihycmxkne, Iazln{aiex meh Xrmkekeo zrndicx, meh EnrxfisxXirrkxnrkis‛ Mhylx Ricnoekxkne Anhil ks zrnwkhkeo mhylx limreirs kxf nzznrxyekxkisxn nr` xnmrh me E_X Sieknr Sicnehmr{ Scfnnl Hkzlnam% Aimefkli, ke

]yibic, cmazmkoes xn zrnanxi lkxirmc{, mhylx ihycmxkne, meh cnexkeykeoihycmxkne meh xrmkekeo mri rilmyecfih meeymll{ kxf xfi cnnzirmxkne ng zmrxeirakeksxrkis ms ill ms ckwkl snckix{%

Ieomokeo iazln{irs

Ke m olnbmll{ cnazixkxkwi, ènlihoi!bmsih icnena{, fmwkeo m s`kllih nr`gnrciks eicissmr{ xn iesyri zrnhycxkwkx{ meh sysxmkembli ornxf% Gnyehmxkne lkxirmc{s`klls mri ì{ xn xfisi icnenakc bieigkxs meh xn bixxir lkwis ke xfi 2=sx ciexyr{%Xfi{ cnexrkbyxi xn icnenakc ornxf bnxf hkricxl{, xfrnyof kecrimsih zrnhycxkwkx{,meh kehkricxl{, b{ kazrnwkeo nrìrs‛ cmzmckx{ xn mhnzx ei xicfenlnokis mehm{s ng nr`keo meh xn szyr keenwmxkne%

Ricnoektkeo xfmx xfi nr`gnrci ng =: meh iwie 2: {imrs grna en kll lmroil{cnesksx ng zinzli ke xfi lmbnyr amrìx xnhm{, aycf ng xfi hiameh gnr ei s`kllsaysx bi aix b{ xrmkekeo nyr ivksxkeo nr`gnrci% Siwirml dyrkshkcxknes mri ieomokeokxf iazln{irs meh cnabkekeo ihycmxkne znlkckis kxf nxfir znlkckis xn aiixxfisi hiamehs xfrnyof s`klls xrmkekeo meh yzormhkeo%

Mcxkwkxkis mcrnss zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis riglicx xfks xrieh ke zmrxeirkeo kxfiazln{irs xn zrnwkhi limrekeo nzznrxyekxkis4

Brkxksf Cnlyabkm‛s S`kllsZlys kekxkmxkwi fms zrnwkhih issiexkml!s`klls xrmkekeo xn ln!

s`kllih, iazln{ih kehkwkhymls ke kehysxr{ sicxnrs khiexkgkih ms fmwkeo ln lkxirmc{liwils ke imcf ng xfi zrnwkeci‛s icnenakc hiwilnzaiex rioknes%

_nr`zlmci Issiexkml S`klls Sms`mxcfime ks m zrnwkeckml kekxkmxkwi xfmx brkeosxnoixfir zyblkc xrmkekeo kesxkxyxknes meh kehysxrkis nr iazln{irs, ms ill mscnaayekx{!bmsih nromektmxknes, xn syccissgyll{ zrizmri ln!s`kllih dnb siiìrs

http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/ael/all/educators/transitions.html


http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/skillsplus/

http://www.aeei.gov.sk.ca/wess

http://www.aeei.gov.sk.ca/wess

http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/skillsplus/





9=CMEMHM‛S CNEXKEYKEO IEOMOIAIEX _KXF YEISCN ZRKNRKXKIS

meh amrokemlktih ivksxkeo nrìrs xn omke meh rixmke aimekeogyl, sysxmkembli,lneo!xira iazln{aiex%

Ei Bryeskc`‛s _nr`zlmci Issiexkml S`klls zrnorma nggirs skaklmr anhils ng

cnllmbnrmxkne bixiie byskeiss, kehysxr{, cnaayekx{, meh lmbnyr nromektmxknes xnkexrnhyci xrmkekeo xfrnyofnyx xfi zrnwkeci%

Nexmrkn‛s _nr`zlmci meh Cnaayekx{ _nr`gnrci Lkxirmc{ meh Issiexkml S`kllskekxkmxkwi gncysih ne ivzmehkeo lkxirmc{ meh issiexkml!s`klls sirwkcis xn keclyhiiazln{irs, xfi nr`zlmci, meh cnaayekxkis meh xfikr zmrxkcylmr iazln{aiexihycmxkne meh xrmkekeo eiihs%

]yibic fms hiwilnzih me mmrieiss!byklhkeo meh zrnanxkneml `kx ne nr`zlmcibmskc xrmkekeo xnoixfir kxf sxmìfnlhirs, keclyhkeo scfnnl bnmrhs‛ iazln{ir!sirwkcis nggkcis%

M eyabir ng dyrkshkcxknes mri nr`keo kxf iazln{irs xn byklh ei zmxfm{s xfmxriszneh xn lmbnyr!amrìx sfnrxmois meh iwnlwkeo lmbnyr!amrìx eiihs4

Nei ivmazli ks Enwm Scnxkm‛s Cnexkeykeo Cmri Mssksxmex Lke` Zrnorma, fkcfmhhrissis xfi zrnwkeci‛s sfnrxmoi ng cnexkeykeo!cmri mssksxmexs% Xfi zrndicxmllns mhylxs xn cnazlixi xfikr fkof!scfnnl hkzlnam meh xfikr Cnexkeykeo Cmri

Mssksxmex Cirxkgkcmxi mx xfi smai xkai, mc}ykrkeo riliwmex nr` ivzirkieci ke xfizrnciss%

Zrkeci Ihmrh Kslmeh‛s lkxirmc{ meh issiexkml s`klls mssissaiexs gnr hm{cmrinrìrs mssissih anri xfme 2:: nrìrs mx xfi zrnwkeci‛s hm{cmri ciexrisxn khiexkg{ omzs ke limrekeo gnr xfnsi eiihkeo gyrxfir xrmkekeo gnr syccissgylznsxsicnehmr{ ihycmxkne% Xfks kekxkmxkwi ms m cnazneiex ng xfi zrnwkeci‛s anwixn gyll!hm{ @kehiromrxie meh crihiexkmlih @kehiromrxie ximcfirs%

Ke ]yibic, scfnnl bnmrhs nggir lmbnyr!amrìx kexiormxkne sirwkcis &sirwkcish‛kexëormxkne sncknzrngisskneeilli PSKSQ+ ms zmrx ng xfikr ihycmxkneml sirwkcis% SKS

zrnormas keclyhi ne!xfi!dnb xrmkekeo xnmrh cirxkgkcmxkne gnr me{ nei ng xfi =3=siak!s`kllih nccyzmxknes ricnoektih b{ xfi zrnormas%

Zrnwkhkeo glivkbli meh riszneskwi limrekeo nzznrxyekxkis

Ke nrhir xn amvkakti mhylx zmrxkckzmxkne ke mhylx lkxirmc{, xfi bisx risylxs mrimcfkiwih kg ihycmxkne meh xrmkekeo s{sxias nggir glivkbklkx{ meh riszneskwi limrekeo

http://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Departments/petl-epft/PDF/Publications/workplace-essential-skills.pdf

http://www.gonssal.ca/Adult-Learner/High-School-Diploma/continuing-care-program%2520.shtml

http://www.gonssal.ca/Adult-Learner/High-School-Diploma/continuing-care-program%2520.shtml

http://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Departments/petl-epft/PDF/Publications/workplace-essential-skills.pdf




nzznrxyekxkis xfmx mlln mhylxs xn limre fmx xfi{ mex, fie xfi{ mex, mehfn xfi{ mex% Zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis cnexkeyih xn kazliaiex zrnormas mehsirwkcis xmklnrih xn aiix xfi limrekeo eiihs ng szickgkc mhylx limreirs%

Ke lkei kxf xfi anwi xnmrh kazrnwkeo mcciss xn 2=sx!ciexyr{ limrekeo,Eignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr fms biie zklnxkeo ne!lkei hilkwir{ ng Liwil = ng xfiMBI zrnormas ms m cnazliaiex xn xrmhkxkneml clmssrnna!bmsih hilkwir{, kxfiecnyrmokeo risylxs%

M wmrkix{ ng zrnormas meh kekxkmxkwis mri yehir m{ mcrnss xfi cnyexr{ xn amìxfi limrekeo zrnciss aimekeogyl meh riliwmex gnr Mbnrkokeml limreirs% Mbnrkokeml

ihycmxkne ks m ciexrml zrknrkx{ gnr xfi Limre Cmemhm 2:2: hiclmrmxkne% XfiOnwireaiex ng Cmemhm meh kehkwkhyml dyrkshkcxknes fmwi biie ìie xn crimxianri i}ykxmbli meh xmroixih zrnormas gnr mhylx limreirs rilmxih xn nr` mehs`klls!rilmxih xrmkekeo% Gnr ivmazli, xfi Dnkex Xms Gnrci ne Kazrnwkeo Ihycmxknemeh Iazln{aiex Nyxcnais ms isxmblksfih xfrnyof me moriiaiex bixiie xfiOnwireaiex ng Sms`mxcfime meh xfi Gihirmxkne ng Sms`mxcfime Kehkme Emxknes&GSKE+ ke 2:== xn kazrnwi nyxcnais gnr Gkrsx Emxkne meh Aëxks zinzli%

M eyabir ng zme!Cmemhkme cnesylxmxknes fmwi xmìe zlmci kxf Mbnrkokeml limhirsmeh xfikr cnaayekxkis xn bixxir crimxi nr mhmzx ivksxkeo mhylx!limrekeo mehs`klls!hiwilnzaiex zrnormaakeo gnr szickgkc cnaayekx{ eiihs% Xfisi enxmbl{keclyhi xfi 2::; CAIC Syaakx ne Mbnrkokeml Ihycmxkne meh xfi 2:== EmxknemlHkmlnoyi ne _fmx _nr`s ke Mbnrkokeml Ihycmxkne% Zme!Cmemhkme cnesylxmxknesfmwi snyofx ei meh keenwmxkwi snlyxknes xfrnyof zrkwmxi!sicxnr ieomoiaiexmeh iazln{aiex zlmciaiex &mggkramxkwi mcxkne+% Gnr anri ivmazlis ng Cmemhkmemcxknes xn zrnanxi i}yml nzznrxyekx{, zlimsi cnesylx Zrnanxkeo I}ymlkx{ ng Ihycmxkneml Nzznrxyekx{ – Cmemhm Riznrx gnr xfi YEISCN Ikofxf Cnesylxmxkne ng Aiabir Sxmxis ne xfi Kazliaiexmxkne ng xfi Cnewiexkne meh Ricnaaiehmxknemomkesx Hkscrkakemxkne ke Ihycmxkne%

Nexmrkn cnexkeyis xn zrnhyci limrekeo amxirkmls gnr Mbnrkokeml limreirs xfrnyofxfi Ekeomì Limrekeo Zriss%

Ke 2::?, Brkxksf Cnlyabkm kazliaiexih me Mbnrkokeml Znsx!Sicnehmr{Ihycmxkne Sxrmxio{ xn filz Mbnrkokeml sxyhiexs xn sxmrx, riamke, meh sycciih keznsxsicnehmr{ ihycmxkne meh xrmkekeo% Kekxkmxkwis yehir xfi sxrmxio{ keclyhih4zklnxkeo ng xfrii!{imr Mbnrkokeml Sirwkci Zlmes mx == zyblkc znsxsicnehmr{kesxkxyxknes kxf m onml ng kecrimskeo mcciss, rixiexkne, meh sycciss gnr Mbnrkokeml




limreirs0 rihyckeo gkemeckml bmrrkirs xfrnyof xmroixih scfnlmrsfkzs gnr Mbnrkokemllimreirs0 meh iefmeckeo nzznrxyekxkis gnr Mbnrkokeml cylxyri xn bi riglicxihkxfke xfi kegrmsxrycxyri ng kesxkxyxknes b{ gyehkeo Mbnrkokeml Omxfirkeo Zlmcis%

Syzznrxkeo ihycmxkneml nzznrxyekxkis gnr Mbnrkokeml &Gkrsx Emxknes, Aëxks, Keykx+zinzlis ks m zrknrkx{ mcrnss mll sicxnrs ng ihycmxkne ke Amekxnbm% Znsxsicnehmr{ihycmxkne, mzzriexkcisfkz, meh mhylx limrekeo meh lkxirmc{ mll kecnrznrmxisyzznrxs gnr xfi sycciss ng Mbnrkokeml limreirs% Ms me ivmazli, xfi MhylxLkxirmc{ Sxrmxio{ fms me Mbnrkokeml cnazneiex gncysih ne zrnormaakeo xfmx kscylxyrmll{, rioknemll{, meh ihycmxknemll{ mzzrnzrkmxi% Ke syzznrx ng xfks sxrmxio{,

Amekxnbm lmyecfih xfi Ckrcli ng Mbnrkokeml Mhylx Ihycmxnrs, m gnrya xn yzormhilkxirmc{ meh nxfir s`klls ng Mbnrkokeml mhylx limreirs b{ iefmeckeo xfi cmzmckx{ ng Mbnrkokeml ihycmxnrs xfrnyof sfmrkeo syccissgyl ximcfkeo sxrmxiokis meh zrnormaanhils%

Sms`mxcfime kexrnhycih Mhylx Bmskc Ihycmxkne – Issiexkml S`klls gnr xfi_nr`zlmci xn filz yeiazln{ih Gkrsx Emxkne meh Aëxks limreirs mc}ykri bmskclkxirmc{ s`klls gnr iazln{aiex%

Zrkeci Ihmrh Kslmeh‛s Lkxirmc{ meh Issiexkml S`klls Zrnorma ne Scnxcfgnrh Risirwifmh skaklmr mkas, risylxkeo ke m fkofl{ syccissgyl 92!ii` zklnx zrnorma &sii mlsnXrmhis Xrmeskxknes Zrnorma+%

Mlbirxm‛s X%R%I%M%X%[% Anhil gnr Lkxirmc{ meh Issiexkml S`klls Zrndicx fms skaklmronmls, nr`keo xfrnyof cnaayekx{ iefmeciaiex xn zrnwkhi iazln{aiex!rilmxih lkxirmc{!s`klls xrmkekeo xn xfi zrnwkeci‛s Mbnrkokeml mhylxs% Mlbirxm syzznrxsmlansx =3: yek}yi mhylx!limrekeo zrnwkhirs mcrnss xfi zrnwkeci xn mhhriss lncmll{hixirakeih limrekeo eiihs% Zrnormaakeo gncysis keclyhi mhylx bmskc ihycmxkne,lmeoymoi limrekeo, iazln{aiex iefmeciaiex, meh cnyrsis xn mhhriss cnaayekx{kssyis%

]yibic ks ivzirkaiexkeo kxf m Snlkhmrkxë mwic lis Myxncfxneis PMbnrkokemlsnlkhmrkx{Q zrndicx ke nei scfnnl bnmrh, kxf m wki xn zrnanxkeo “kexir!

kexëormxkne‑ bixiie Mbnrkokeml mhylxs ricikwkeo xrmkekeo meh xfikr limrekeoiewkrneaiex% Ke mhhkxkne, ]yibic‛s Akeksxæri hi l‛Ëhycmxkne, hy Lnkskr ix hy Sznrx cnexkeyis xn gyeh me mhylx oieirml ihycmxkne ciexri lncmxih ke me Mbnrkokemlcnaayekx{%




Dyrkshkcxknes mlsn ricnoekti xfmx ei kaakormex mhylxs gmci zmrxkcylmrcfmllieois meh xfmx lkxirmc{ sirwkcis cme filz xfks znzylmxkne zmrxkckzmxi kem anri aimekeogyl m{ b{ limrekeo mbnyx lmeoymoi meh nr`zlmci s`klls kem Cmemhkme cnexivx% [y`ne‛s Lkxirmc{ meh _nr`zlmci Issiexkml S`klls Sirwkcisgnr Kaakormexs kekxkmxkwi hilkwirih Ieolksf!ms!m!sicneh!lmeoymoi xrmkekeo mehCmemhkme _nr`zlmci Issiexkmls, maneo nxfir sixxliaiex sirwkcis, xn [y neenakeiis meh kaakormexs% Brkxksf Cnlyabkm ivzmehih kxs Ieolksf!lmeoymoi mehlkxirmc{ zrnormaakeo gnr kaakormexs yehir _ilcnaiBC, xfi zrnwkeci‛s sxrmxiokcgrmainr` gnr kaakormex sixxliaiex sirwkcis%

Ke syzznrx ng xfi Zme!Cmemhkme Grmainr` gnr xfi Mssissaiex meh Ricnoekxkneng Gnrikoe ]ymlkgkcmxknes, xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm gyehs zrnormas xn filzkaakormexs nbxmke nccyzmxkne!szickgkc lmeoymoi xrmkekeo% Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm fms mlsn kewisxih (=6 akllkne nwir xfrii {imrs xn crimxi xfi GnrikoeCrihiexkml Ricnoekxkne Lnmes zklnx xn filz kexiremxknemll{ xrmkeih nrìrs zm{ gnrxykxkne meh nxfir xrmkekeo cnsxs mssnckmxih kxf xfi gnrikoe crihiexkml ricnoekxknezrnciss%

_nr` ks mlsn yehir m{ xn iefmeci limrekeo nzznrxyekxkis gnr naie% KeZrkeci Ihmrh Kslmeh, Xrmhi FIRktnes ms hiwilnzih ke cnllmbnrmxkne kxfnaie‛s ornyzs xn zrizmri ln!s`kllih naie gnr iazln{aiex ke xrmhis% Brkxksf

Cnlyabkm‛s Kehysxr{ Xrmkekeo Myxfnrkx{ Issiexkml S`klls kekxkmxkwi fms rihycihbmrrkirs xn naie‛s zmrxkckzmxkne ke kehysxr{ xrmkekeo xn mhhriss issiexkml s`kllshigkckieckis%

Lmsxl{, ke ]yibic, xfi Zrnormaai h‛mcxkne cnaayemyxmkri syr li xirrmke hil‛ëhycmxkne &ZMCXI+ Pcnaayekx{ mcxkne ne ihycmxkne zrnormaQ filzs syzznrxcnaayekx{ nromektmxknes xfmx nr` ne mhylx lkxirmc{, scfnnl cissmxkne zriwiexkne,rikexiormxkne ng hrnznyxs kexn xfi scfnnl s{sxia &sxriix scfnnls+, meh cnexkeykeoihycmxkne xfrnyof cnaayekx{ nrìrs% Xfisi mcxknes filz iefmeci xfi s`klls ng xfi xmroix znzylmxkne nr mssksx xfia ke mc}ykrkeo cirxkgkcmxkne meh hkzlnams%

3%3% Riamkekeo cfmllieoisCmemhm gmcis wmrknys cfmllieois ke kxs iggnrxs xn kecrimsi mhylx lkxirmc{ mehissiexkml s`klls% Zrnwkecis meh xirrkxnrkis fmwi khiexkgkih m rmeoi ng xfisi,keclyhkeo4

Mssissaiex, hmxm, meh iwmlymxkne – Siwirml dyrkshkcxknes mri cnecireih b{ xfi




lmc` ng cnesksxiex hmxm cnllicxkne meh mssissaiex.iwmlymxkne xnnls, keclyhkeohkggkcylx{ ke xrmc`keo limreirs nwir aylxkzli {imrs% Xfi risylx ks m himrxf ng kegnramxkne ne limreir nyxcnais xn kegnra znlkc{ hicksknes meh hixirakei xfirixyre ne kewisxaiex%

Ene!gnraml limrekeo meh cirxkgkcmxkne.crihiexkmls – Snai dyrkshkcxknes lmc`grmainr`s xn ricnoekti meh mrxkcylmxi ene!gnraml limrekeo, fkli ame{iazln{irs sxkll kesksx ne me mcmhiakc crihiexkml% Xfiri ks m eiih gnr m gnra ng cirxkgkcmxkne gnr syccissgyl limreirs xfmx ks mccizxih b{ iazln{irs meh ihycmxknemlkesxkxyxknes%

Cnnrhkemxkne ng zrnorma hilkwir{ – Gnr snai dyrkshkcxknes, m hkwirskx{ ng hilkwir{moieckis amìs cnnrhkemxkne meh cnesksxiec{ hkggkcylx, zmrxkcylmrl{ ms kesxrycxknemlzrnormas cfmeoi% Xfks ks m zmrxkcylmr cfmllieoi ke dyrkshkcxknes firi samllznzylmxknes mri szrimh nwir lmroi oinormzfkcml mrims%

Gyehkeo – Zrnorma cnsxs mri m cfmllieoi hyrkeo xkais ng xkofx zyblkc gkemecis%

Lmc` ng cmzmckx{ – Snai eneonwireaiexml nromektmxknes lmc` xfi cmzmckx{ xnhilkwir sysxmkembli, }ymlkx{ zrnormaakeo hyi xn lkakxih gyehkeo meh nxfirrisnyrcis% Gkehkeo meh iizkeo }ymlkgkih sxmgg meh.nr wnlyexiirs meh zrnwkhkeoxfia kxf syggkckiex zrngisskneml hiwilnzaiex cme mlsn bi skoekgkcmex cfmllieois%

Limrekeo aixfnhs.hilkwir{ anhils.xnnls meh risnyrcis – Snai dyrkshkcxknes siim eiih gnr hkwirskgkih limrekeo aixfnhs, mlxiremxkwi hilkwir{ anhils, meh ne!lkeirisnyrcis% Kx ks kaznrxmex xn gyll{ yxklkti }ymlkx{ xnnls meh risnyrcis meh akekaktixfikr hyzlkcmxkne%

Zmrxeirsfkzs meh ckxktie ieomoiaiex – Xfiri ks m sxrneo eiih xn sxrieoxfiezmrxeirsfkzs bixiie scfnnl meh cnaayekx{ eixnr`s meh kxf iazln{irs xnkesxkll ke xfia kxf xfi kaznrxmeci ng lkxirmc{ meh issiexkml s`klls ke xfi nr`zlmci%Xfiri mri mlsn kaznrxmex nzznrxyekxkis gnr onwireaiex xn rimcf nyx meh omkem bixxir yehirsxmehkeo ng xfi s`klls xfmx iazln{irs eiih% Kx ks mlsn kaznrxmex xn

iefmeci ckxktie!ieomoiaiex mcxkwkxkis%

Cylxyrmll{ mzzrnzrkmxi zrnormaakeo – Kx cme bi m cfmllieoi xn iesyri cylxyrmll{mzzrnzrkmxi zrnormaakeo gnr Mbnrkokeml mhylxs meh ei Cmemhkmes%

Kecrimsih mcciss – Xfiri ks m eiih xn kazrnwi mcciss gnr ryrml meh rianxilimreirs meh gnr xfnsi fn gmci aylxkzli bmrrkirs% Xfiri ks mlsn m eiih xn




nwircnai m wmrkix{ ng ene!gkemeckml bmrrkirs gmcih b{ mhylxs kxf ln s`klls&sycf ms sxkoam meh yekllkeoeiss xn mhakx lkxirmc{ kssyis, kembklkx{ xn emwkomxixfi limrekeo, lkxirmc{, meh issiexkml!s`klls s{sxia, meh m lmc` ng mcciss xnnzznrxyekxkis+%

Limreir ricrykxaiex – Kx cme bi cfmllieokeo xn rimcf nyx xn xfnsi fn fmwi biienyx ng ihycmxkne xfi lneoisx% Mlsn, ke mrims firi xfi icnena{ ks sxrneo meh dnbsrilmxkwil{ ims{ xn cnai b{, kx cme bi hkggkcylx xn ricrykx limreirs iwie fie xfi{gmci skoekgkcmex lkxirmc{ hkggkcylxkis%

3%8% Gyxyri zrnszicxs

Cmemhkme dyrkshkcxknes mri nzxkaksxkc mbnyx xfi zrnszicxs gnr sysxmkekeo iggnrxs kelkxirmc{ bi{neh 2:=3, gnr xfi gnllnkeo rimsnes4

Onwireaiex cnaakxaiex – Ke ame{ dyrkshkcxknes, onwireaiexs fmwi ivzrissihsxrneo cnaakxaiex xn cnexkeyih syzznrx ng lkxirmc{ kekxkmxkwis%

Zrnakskeo ei sxrmxiokis – Siwirml dyrkshkcxknes mri hiwilnzkeo nr kazliaiexkeoei, cnazrifieskwi, sxrmxiokc mhylx!lkxirmc{ zlmes meh grmainr`s%

Hmxm cnllicxkne – Snai dyrkshkcxknes riznrx xfmx xfi{ mri am`keo zrnoriss kxfsxmehmrhktih hmxm cnllicxkne%

Kazrnwih nyxrimcf – Snai dyrkshkcxknes mri hiwilnzkeo m{s xn rimcf anring xfnsi fn fmwi biie nyx ng ihycmxkne xfi lneoisx, kecrimsi xfi eyabir ng ormhymxis, meh kazrnwi fn xfi eiihs ng xfi limsx!ihycmxih mri aix%

Ieomokeo iazln{irs – Xfi Onwireaiex ng Cmemhm ks gkehkeo ei meh keenwmxkwim{s ng ieomokeo iazln{irs xfrnyof xfi Cmemhm Byskeiss Eixnr`, keenwmxkwiormexs meh cnexrkbyxknes zrndicxs, keenwmxkwi gyehkeo mrrmeoiaiexs, mehmmrieiss!byklhkeo mcxkwkxkis%



9? MZZIEHKV M

Mzziehkv M ‘ SnyrcisCmemhkme Cnaaksskne gnr YEISCN

fz4..%yeiscn%cm.

Cnyeckl ng Akeksxirs ng Ihycmne, Cmemhmfz4..%caic%cm.

Fyame Risnyrcis meh S`klls Hiwilnzaiex Cmemhmfz4..%frshc%oc%cm.ieo.fnai%sfxal

Ihycmne _ib skxis

Mlbirxm Iexirzrksi meh Mhwmecih Ihycmnefz4..imi%mlbirxm%cm.

Mlbirxm Ihycmnefz4..ihycmne%mlbirxm%cm.

Brksf Cnlyabkm Akeksxr{ ng Mhwmecih Ihycmnefz4..%onw%bc%cm.mwih.

Brksf Cnlyabkm Akeksxr{ ng Ihycmnefz4..%onw%bc%cm.bcih.

Amekxnbm Mhwmecih Ihycmne meh Lkxirmc{fz4..%ihy%onw%ab%cm.mil.

Amekxnbm Ihycmnefz4..%ihy%onw%ab%cm.ihy.

Akeksxæri hi l‛Ëhycmne, hy Lnkskr ix hy Sznrx hy ]yëbicfz4..%ails%onyw%}c%cm.

Ei Bryeskc` Hizmrxaiex ng Ihycmne meh Imrl{ Cfklhfnnh Hiwilnzaiexfz4..%oeb%cm.::::.kehiv!i%msz




Ei Bryeskc` Hizmrxaiex ng Znsx!Sicnehmr{ Ihycmne, Xrmkekeo meh Lmbnyrfz4..2%oeb%cm.cnexiex.oeb.ie.hizmrxaiexs.znsx!sicnehmr{îhycmne^xrmkekeo^meh^lmbnyr.lmbnyr%fxal

Eignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr Hizmrxaiex ng Mhwmecih Ihycmne meh S`kllsfz4..%frli%onw%el%cm.frli.Eignyehlmeh meh Lmbrmhnr Hizmrxaiex ng Ihycmnefz4..%onw%el%cm.ihy.

Enrxfisx Xirrkxnrkis Hizmrxaiex ng Ihycmne, Cylxyri meh Iazln{aiex

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Documents

Adult Learning and Education: Canada Progress Report 2012- Council of Ministers of Education Canada