ADS-B UpdatesAviation Electronics EuropeMunich, April 2016

Johan MartenssonEUROCONTROL Surveillance Modernisation

17 April 2016

Content

Overview Ground ADS-B OUT Implementation Airborne ADS-B OUT Implementation Regulation status ADS-B IN status Future Evolution

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Surveillance Application Baseline Overview

ADS-B Ground Surveillance (ADS-B Out, via Ground stations or Space)In Non-Radar Airspace (ADS-B NRA)In Radar Airspace (ADS-B RAD)Airport Surveillance (ADS-B APT)Aircraft Derived Data (ADS-B ADD)

Multilateration (MLAT / LAM / WAM) SurveillanceAirspace SurveillanceAirport Surveillance

ADS-B Airborne Surveillance (ADS-B In)Enhanced Traffic awareness for Flight ops (AIRB)Enhanced Traffic awareness for Surface ops (SURF & [SURF IA]) In Trail Procedure (ITP)Visual separation on Approach (VSA & CAVS)Traffic Situation Awareness with Alerts (TSAA)Spacing - Interval Management (IM)

Primary Surveillance (PSR / [MSPSR] / Airport SMR)

SSR Mode S Elementary Surveillance (ELS) Enhanced Surveillance (EHS)

ADS-C Surveillance

SSR Surveillance (Mode A/C)

GR

OU

ND

AIR

BOR

NE

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LegendADS-Bcurrent equipageADS-B updated avionics WAM with ADS-B capabilitiesADS-B and WAM Opportunities

DatesSystem DeploymentD = DeployedO = Operational

ADS-B & WAM Implementation

Space based ADS-B

1 Albania2 Armenia3 Austria4 Azerbaijan5 Bulgaria6 Croatia7 Cyprus8 Czech Republic9 Denmark

10 Estonia11 Finland12 France13 Georgia14 Germany15 Greece16 Iceland17 Ireland18 Italy19 Latvia20 Malta21 Netherlands22 Norway23 Poland24 Portugal25 Romania26 Slovak republic27 Spain28 Sweden29 Turkey30 UK31 Ukraine+ All other continents

ADS-B & WAM ground stations

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Note: Only deployed or firmly committed are included

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Space based ADS-B

Global coverage of ADS-B Out Several studies One consortium (Aireon) starting satellite deployment

66 LEO satellites (Iridium NEXT)

Full constellation 2017 Initial operations 2018

Mainly in low density airspace ATM Impact – key elements

Feasibility Business Case

Surveillance Data Processing

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Data Fusion Systems supportexisting surveillance technologies

More than 20 years of ARTAS evolution • Surveillance technology upgrades• Performance (capacity) doubled• Platform cost divided by 70 • More than 2.000.000 hrs in field service

ARTAS: ATM Surveillance Tracker and Server

PSR / SSR / Mode S WAM / ADS-BADS-BADS-C

ARTAS Implementation Status in Europe

Sensors

Surveillance Data Processing

Controller Working Position

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ADS-

B IN

Voluntary Implementation

Avionics: ADS-B IN: ASA MOPS ED-194A/DO-317B (AC20-172B, (E)TSO-195A/B)ADS-B OUT: EASA AMC20-24, EASA CS-ACNS, AC20-165B, CAO20.18

GR

OU

ND

SY

STEM

S

WAM / ADS-B Ground system Implementation

ADS-B & WAM Implementation in EuropeAD

S-B

OU

T &

Mod

e S

Voluntary ADS-B Local Mode S mandates

IR based implementation

Avionics:ADS-B OUT: EASA AMC20-24Mode S ELS: JAA TGL 13Mode S EHS: EASA AMC20-13

Avionics: EASA CS-ACNS

NOTE: New ADS-B requirements compared to AMC-20-24

EU Regulation 1207/2011(+1028/2014)

Most efficient surveillance mix for the particular environment should be chosen

June 2020ADS-B & EHS

Ret.

Jan 2015ELS Fwd.

Dec 2017ELS Ret.

June 2016ADS-B & EHS

Fwd.

All IFR

IFR >5.7t, 250kt

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EU Regulations

European Commission Single European SkySurveillance Performance & Interoperability

Implementing Rule(SPI IR)

● All aircraft flying IFR/GAT● Mode S ELS

● Aircraft flying IFR/GAT >5700 kg or >250kts TAS ● ADS-B Out v2 & Mode S EHS

Mandate dates ● ELS

Forward fit Jan 2015Retrofit Dec 2017

● EHS and ADS-B Forward Fit June 2016Retrofit June 2020

● Provisions for State a/c

SPI IR step 2 amendment is ongoing (incl. GA)

SPI IR (1207/2011 and 1028/2014)

ELS: Elementary SurveillanceEHS: Enhanced Surveillance

EU Regulation (1207/2011) step 2 amendment

SPI IR second amendment process ongoing (by EASA) Full Impact Assessment Address identified concerns, such as

Mixed traffic issues Cost and Benefit aspects Exemptions etc…

Planning Mid 2017: Notice of Proposed Amendment (NPA) Mid 2018: Opinion Mid 2019: Decision

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EASA AMC 20-24

Legacy ADS-B Out installations are generally compliant to AMC20-24Short term implementation in low density airspace

ADS-B Out certification baselines

EASA CS-ACNS

Compliance means for EU Regulation 1207/2011 Avionics upgrade required: Mode S ELS/EHS & ADS-B v2Support high density surveillance

Non-European ADS-B Out Airworthiness compliance requirements

USA FAA: AC20-165BAustralia CASA: Configuration standards in Appendix XI of CAO 20.18

ADS-B Out operations currently in Europe: Iceland, Norway, Portugal Other: Australia, Canada, S.E. Asia etc.

Key components for (initial) ADS-B Out operations

Regulatory measures e.g. ICAO Doc 7030 (NAT, Asia/Pacific), operator responsibility, assurance based on certification baselines (or similar)

An Aircraft is eligible for ADS-B based Air Traffic Services when transmitting “good” ADS-B quality

Applicable to any ADS-B Out version

Local performance monitoring

Exclusion lists are used (regional coordination)12

Current ADS-B Out operations

General Aviation Surveillance Equipment

Multiple operational needs: Enabling surveillance infrastructure modernisation & rationalisation Conflict avoidance for aircraft not subject to ATC Airspace infringement detection and mitigation …

Considerations for Suitable Surveillance Equipment for General Aviation Performance at the right level Interoperability Functionality –> user benefits Life cycle Cost (Certification, Components, Installation, Maintenance)

Build on available material (e.g. FAA TSO-C199 TABS)

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Performance Monitoring of Avionics (e.g. Transponder, Altimeter) Ground systems (sensors, data fusion) Data link

Monitoring Methods & Tools e.g. SASS-C, RF, RVSM HMU

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Airborne Monitoring

ADS-B equipped a/c over Paris:ADS-B (of total Mode S): ~70%ADS-B versions (of total ADS-B):

v0 (ED102/DO260) : ~73%v1 (DO260A): ~13%v2 (ED102A/DO260B): ~14%

Avionics monitoring activities includes• Aircraft equipage support

• Flight test etc.• Fleet analysis (e.g. equipage rates)• Anomalies

• Design• Installation (e.g. 24-bit, config)• Operational (e.g. ACID, Trp op)

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ATSAW: Airborne Traffic Situational Awareness

20 000+ ATSAW flights Deployment of ATSAW on revenue aircraft Large stakeholder participation

Project: 6 Airlines and 2 ANSPs Several other airlines have also equipped

Integrated display system EFB Class 3

ADS-B IN / ATSAW operational since 2012

ADS-B IN / ATSAW pioneer project Conclusions

Initial ADS-B In applications (ATSAW) are deployed Operationally and technically acceptable

AIRB and ITP (over North Atlantic) are capable of: a) Saving up to 33,000 Kg fuel per aircraft annually b) Reducing carbon dioxide emissions by up to 73,000 tonnes annually

Large variation in financial benefits Function of aircraft type, traffic density, and separation minima

Benefits estimated in 5 minutes separation minima environmentSubstantially higher Benefits in larger separation environments

More than half of the benefits are attributed to AIRB alone

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ABS-B IN Overview Traffic Situation Awareness

AIRB – Traffic Situation Awareness for Flight operations SURF – Traffic Situation Awareness for Surface operations

Traffic Awareness and Alerting TSAA – Traffic Situation Awareness with Alerts

ADS-B based conflict avoidance system for aircraft without ACAS II At the “traffic advisory” level, i.e. no coordination or resolution advisories

SURF IA – Traffic Situation Awareness for Surface ops with Indications and Alerts

Optimised Flight Profiles in Remote Airspace ITP – In-Trail Procedures

Enhanced Visual Separation on Approach VSA – Enhanced Visual Separation on Approach

Support Visual contact and continued operation CAVS – CDTI Assisted Visual Separation on Approach

After initial visual contact the Display may replace the visual contact Two level of Range Alerts (Advisory and Caution)

Spacing / Interval Management (IM) IM – Interval Management (FIM – Flight Deck Interval Management)

Speed guidance to achieve precise interval spacing between aircraft

ADS-B IN Applications per Phase of Flight

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AIRB

SURF IA

SURF

CAVS

VSA

TSAA (on-board non-ACAS a/c only)

IM

SURF IA

SURF

ITP RMT AS

Global Harmonisation

More than a decade of intensive international co-operation Australia, Canada, Europe, USA, ICAO etc. ANSPs/Airspace Users/Industry/Regulators

Common Standards for all applications and systems

Aligned Certification material

Exchange of functional performance assessment results

Great contribution to global interoperability and efficiency

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Surveillance Evolution

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Performance Based Surveillance progressively integrating new technologies and supporting evolving operational applications (ground and airborne), with Global Gate-to-Gate Seamless Coverage, Cost & Spectrum Efficiency and Global Interoperability

ADS-B

Medium & High DensityAirspace

WAM or Mode S

Low DensityAirspace

Future proof avionics: SPI IR + Voluntary

Multisensor Data fusion

Continuous Perform

ance Monitoring

Ground SUR applications

Airborne SUR applications

InteroperableSUR Data INCS where req’d

SPI IR: SUR Performance and Interoperability Implementing RuleINCS: Independent Non-Cooperative Surveillance (e.g. Multistatic PSR)

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Operational needs• Global Coverage (reduced separation)• Increasing nbr of a/c (e.g. RPAS) & users• New applications (ASAS, Met, Intent)• Rationalisation (cost & spectrum)

Innovations• Integration (within CNS & with ACAS)• Performance-based Surveillance• Space based ADS-B (IOC 2018) • High capacity 1090 datalink (+300%) • New ADDs e.g. Met, intent• Independent non-cooperative SUR• Low-cost avionics for GA & RPAS Infra

Apps

Performance Improvements

Full CoverageQualitySafetyCapacity Cost-effectivenessFlight efficiencyFuel savingsSpectrum efficiencyCO2 reductionInteroperability MonitoringFuture growth

Infra

Apps

Future SURCurrent SUR

Drivers for Future Surveillance Evolution

SESAR ProgrammeSUR perspective

SESAR Joint Undertaking (SJU) Emphasis on R&D Input to deployment

SESAR 1 (->2016) WP9: Avionics WP15: Ground CNS Other WPs on SUR applications

SESAR 2020 (2016->2024) Call for tender process ongoing Several projects with SUR interest (Infrastructure and applications)

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~30 ANSPs deploy ADS-B/WAM

~900+ ADS-B/WAM stations being

deployed

Target early and full-scale benefits

Establish foundation for the future

Airborne ADS-B equipage growing

EU Regulation being amended

ModernHigh Performance

InteroperableSurveillance

system

Conclusions