Vol. 20 No. 75 Wednesday,13th of November, 2013 Pages 8, Price 1.50 NFA

The Eritrean community members in the Italian city of Bologna said that they would step up participation in all national development ventures on the basis of enhancing organizational capacity. They made the pledge at a meeting, during which extensive briefings were given pertaining to anti-Eritrea agendas and smear campaigns, and

The Administrator of the Southern Red Sea region, Mr. Ali Mahmoud, has called for integrated efforts on the part of government bodies as regards implementation of development programs. He made the call at a meeting with Department Heads of the regional Administrative Office and sub-zonal Administrators, during which he presented an outline of the programs mapped out for implementation in the course of the 4th quarter of the current year.

Noting the vital importance of joint efforts regarding timely implementation of the tasks, the regional Administrator urged all sub-zonal Administrations to exert

The inhabitants of Adi-Kefelet and Adi-Gebrai villages, Central region, have renovated the 12-Km dirt road to the area, and said that they would sustain their input as regards backing national development endeavors.

Mr. Yosef Gebremeskel, driver, indicated that erosion of the road used to cause transportation

Reports indicated that the putting in place of a 3.3-million Nakfa potable water supply project in Gedged Administrative area, She’ib sub-zone, has reached the stage of finalization.

Mr. Mebrahtu Hagos, head of the Public Technique Service Office’s branch in the Northern Red Sea region, disclosed that the facility extending around 7 Km. in scope depends on a reliable water resource and used solar energy.

Among the inhabitants, Mr. Mohammed-Nur Saleh and Mr. Omar Idris pointed out that the community has been participating in the process through mobilizing labor and financial resources, and lauded the initiative taken by the Water Department in the regional Administration.

Mr. Saleh Yasin, managing director of Gedged Administrative area, stated that community undertakings have made remarkable impact in various ventures, and called for sustained popular input in the future.

In the same vein, Mr. Seid Ali-Bekit, Administrator of the area, expressed appreciation for the community’s participation in the implementation of development programs.

The Administrative area of Gedged is inhibited by around

Reports indicated that more than 137 livestock and over 25,700 saddle animals have been vaccinated against external and internal parasites on the basis of an outreach campaign.

The campaign is periodically accomplished through joint venture between the Agriculture Ministry’s branch and stakeholders every 6 months, and the current one took place from the end of September to the onset of October, according to veterinary experts in the locality.

Among farmers, Mr. Gebremedhin Haile and Mr. Mohammed Saleh expressed satisfaction with the initiative, and asserted that the area is witnessing sustained animal

the participants were called upon to raise awareness with a view to foiling such enemy agendas.

Speaking at the meeting, Mr. Girmai Habtemichael, head of community affairs in Italy, expressed appreciation for the nationals’ bold initiative as regards nurturing cultural values among youths, and urged them to sustain efforts in this

EritrEan community mEmbErs in bologna to stEp up participation in all national dEvElopmEnt vEnturEs

regard.The participants of the meeting

reaffirmed readiness to mount popular resolve against external conspiracies.

stepped-up endeavors towards furthering community-based style of living with a view to raising the impact of social service facilities.

Accordingly, categorization of merchandizing business ventures is an important task in the region, besides increasing the awareness of businesspersons pertaining to legal and related directives both at domestic and regional scope.

The meeting also underlined the need for sustaining follow-up and community input as regards afforestation vis-à-vis private irrigation farming activities.

The participants expressed readiness towards ensuring effective utilization of machinery.

administrator of s.r.s. rEgion calls for intEgratEd Efforts rEgarding implEmEntation of dEv’t programs

problem, while its renovation has presently encouraged more trips to the locality.

Mr. Alazar Siletsion, Admini-strator of the villages, lauded the active popular participation witnessed in the process, especially the special input made by two philanthropist nationals in this

inhabitants of adi-KEfElEt and adi-gEbrai villagEs rEnovatE dirt road to thE arEa

connection.Mr. Afwerki Demena, dozer

operator, stated that the road has become wide enough to simultaneously accommodate bicycle riders and motor vehicles, and called on the inhabitants to sustain follow-up on it during the rainy season.

implEmEntation of potablE watEr supply facility in gEdgEd

rEachEs finalization stagE1,500 families relying on herding and agrarian lifestyle.

In other related news from the area, the inhabitants of She’ib sub-zone said that social service facilities in the locality are making remarkable impact as regards improving their livelihood.

Among the inhabitants, Mr. Mahmoud Ali Shelielai, Mr. Ali Seid Wurai, Ms. Zeineb Idris and Mr. Mohammed-Ali Siweileh voiced satisfaction with becoming beneficiaries of health, educational, potable water supply, transport and other facilities. They further indicated that community awareness pertaining to education and health issues is gaining momentum, thus giving rise to growing number of students and individuals attending medical services.

Mr. Abdurahman Mohammed Dirar, Acting administrator of the sub-zone, stated that the number of inhabitants in Mensheb Administrative area has witnessed visible growth following the putting in place of basic social service facilities. He also disclosed that sustainable potable water supply has been ensured in the area, and called on the inhabitants to practice judicious utilization of such facilities, besides raising their participation in the implementation of development programs.

health. They also called for stepped efforts thereof in the future.

Mr. Tesfamenqorios Fikadu, in charge of veterinary service in the sub-zone, disclosed that the branch

office has been exerting endeavors towards ensuring the regularity of such service, and lauded the collaboration of farmers and herdsmen in the process.

laElai-gash sub-zonE: vaccination campaign conductEd against ExtErnal and intErnal parasitEs

2Eritrea Profile, Wednesday 13th of November,2013

Published Every Saturday & Wednesday

Managing Director Azzazi Zeremariam

Acting Editor Amanuel Mesfunamme@zena.gov.er

P.O.Box: 247Tel: 11-41-14Fax: 12-77-49

E-mail:profile@zena.gov.er

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Saba TesfatsionAzieb Habtemariam

Every language has its own origins that trace back to hundreds if not thousands years ago. Today we are going to discuss this matter with Priest Iseas whom ever since his teenage has been studying the “Geez” language.

-Let’s talk about the latest works you published.

Well, the first one is a “Geez –

Tigrigna” vocabulary with more than 6000 entries, I have been working on this one for over than seven years. It has been one of the hardest vocations I ever accomplished so far because reviving an old language is really hard. The second one is a pocket “English – Tigrigna” vocabulary and it contains 3300 entry words.

- Reviving an old language is really hard…

Yes I said that because, geez is the original language spoken by our ancestors from which derived languages such as Tigrigna, Tigre and Amharic. And these languages are similar to each other as they were drawn from Geez but as time went by they also have many aspects that differentiate them from one and other. I paid particular attention to the evolution of Tigrigna so

not only was I studying Tigrigna but Tigre and Amharic as well, that is why I said it was a hard thing for me to do even though in the progression I gained a lot of knowledge.

-Can the language really be revived?

I would want to… during this journey I discovered that within this language there are many aspects of our identity that we lost with time, it is a very gorgeously rich language. But its revival won’t be necessary for many because Tigrigna is more effective and technical than geez, whilst geez has its classical beauty and articulations.

-How did you discover the magnificence of Geez?

When I was 13 I joined the

Orthodox School of Theology, and that is when I learned geez. But the moment in which I fell in love with this language was when I started studying the history of our ancestors.

-There was a book that you published before the publishing of the vocabularies.

Certainly, its entitled “Geez Historical and Literary Texts” it talks about the origins and evolution of many geez written literary products.

-Tell us a bit about the geez literature.

Many of the written products are either religious or historical: meaning novels and poems about warfare. That is because writing back was reserved to the clergy, so many of the other features of our tradition have been transposed orally.

-What about the high classes of the society back then?

In our country there were never any feudal systems so writing and reading was reserved to the elites only.

-Are we to expect anything in the near future from you?

I am trying to investigate the

oral tradition.-Well, good luck and thanks

“I Discovered That There Are Many Aspects Of Our Identity

That We Lost With Time”

for being here with us today.Thanks for having me.

wherein there are a great deal of issues behind which to effect foul schemes. To be sure, from the days of Socrates and before, hoards of darkness and of ignorance have been wrestling to put off the lamps of the children of light and of enlightenment, in the name of one cause or another, to this day. And what do we know of the future…? Only that this struggle must continue. And of our roles in this struggle? To make conscious choices as on whose side to stand.

Aside from lack of understanding, a key cause of deaf ears and blind eyes is the fear that others achievements would end up to hurt one’s prospects. There is no perhaps a greater threat to social prosperity than the perils that arise from members’ “dread of being the shadow.” The fact that humans are social animals has eventually produced a psychological trap for them—

the snare that results from their yearning to have the higher chair, the superior title. In evolutionary terms: the competitive instinct might have originally given the social group a survival advantage over contesting groups, yet from its inception, it always contained destructive elements that affected its own constitution. The remedy? It can be found only in their psyche. They have to grasp that their safety lies in their cooperative instinct rather than their competitive impulse!

Finally, a word for those who do not see what they see and hear what they hear: learn to sharpen your vision and work to improve your hearing. For if you are willing, you will contribute toward creating a better and happier world that serves all of us. We need not lose heart by the elevation of a neighbor. For in truth, the rise of any of us makes room for our collective ascendancy, and the collapse of any of us furthers our joint fall.

Seeing Eyes, Hearing . . .

Continued From Page 3

3Eritrea Profile, Wednesday 13th of November,2013

By: Abrhaley Tesfagergs

May we have eyes that see, and ears that hear? Yes, eyes that comprehend what they perceive, and ears that appreciate what they pick.

Once, a young man was seated in an apple orchard. While he was there, he noticed a ripened fruit drop to the ground from the branches. He was fascinated by it. And that led him to one of the greatest scientific discoveries, that of the law of gravitation. I presume you have guessed correctly. It was the late Sir Isaac Newton.

Over two centuries back, another young man, by the name of James Watt, wandered to his mother’s kitchen for his breakfast. He must have been particular about his tea. For his ears were keenly tuned to the clatter of the lid of a boiling teapot. He marveled at the vapory force of the heating water which could be so solid as to make the rattling noise. And that led him to the invention of the steam engine, a major impetus of the industrial revolution.

If seeing eyes and hearing ears can bring about such wonders through their perceptions of passive objects—lifeless forms that serve human beings, how much more miracles would we have witnessed if they were to discern active actors—human beings who have the capacity to create serving forms.

It was the year 1883 when a girl of nineteen months was struck by a severe illness, which left her literary both deaf and blind. As with the custom of the day, the girl was classified as a dependent idiot, who would have to be forever looked after. But one observer did not think so. Another viewer agreed, and presented his plan on how it could be executed. A third grasped the plan, and commenced on the perplexing task of breaking through the barrier of darkness and silence that surrounded the child, so as to develop her intelligence. In two years time, the job was entirely accomplished, by means of finger alphabets applied to with tenacious devotion. The child was taught not only that there are words that describe everything, but also the skills of reading and writing. More amazing, the impossible happened when she learned how to speak after her teacher discovered that the child could identify sounds by placing

her fingers on her larynx and sensing the vibrations produced by the sounds. The barrier breaker was the “miracle worker” Anne Sullivan and the child, the well-acclaimed writer, activist, and pacifist Helen Keller.

Often than not, however, many of us turn out to have wholesome eyes that are but blind, and sound ears that are but deaf. For the results of what we see tend to be mere illusions, and the final products of what we hear sensations.

Unseeing eyes are fuzzy with prejudicial and stereotypical images of the conventional. They have a taste only for the standard, and view the common sort as the sole model to be exclusively adopted. Likewise, unhearing ears find their delight in the usual tunes of life alone. They are averse to the music of life’s exceptional pieces, and dub the melodies of exotic living works noise. Ears that do not hear and eyes that do not see are not only setbacks to those that have them, but to civilization and to the common good as well. For they are against enterprise, against innovation, and against positive change- forces that make possible the flow of progress from generations to generations.

Several teachers, referring to a student with whom they had come into contact at school, said it was certain that he would never amount to much. The reason? Because he was weird, not to mention his developmental difficulties. The student did not speak until he was four years old, and failed to read until he was seven. Besides, he was helplessly unsociable and “adrift forever in foolish dreams.” The consequences? They trailed him to his adulthood. In his initial attempts, he was refused admittance to a Polytechnic School. Worse, when he thought his labors would finally bear fruit, the University at which he was attending for his Ph.D. studies rejected his dissertation by calling it as being irrelevant and fanciful. Fortunately, the student alluded to was a person of extraordinary soundness of ear and of acuteness of vision. In spite of his wounds, he noticed in himself eyes that see what his pesterers could not see, and ears that hear what his harassers could not hear. Consequently, contrary to expectations, he turned out to be “the greatest scientist of the twentieth century and one of the

supreme intellects of all time.” So much that, his name has become synonymous with genius. Indeed, Albert Einstein’s legacy has had its effects beyond the scientific community, reaching even to contemporary popular culture.

In 1954, an entertainment manager felt sure he had to get rid of a novice singer whom he had just tried on the stage at the previous night’s performance. But, not wanting to appear unkind, he drew the lad aside, and said, “You ain’t goin’ nowhere… son.” Then added, “You ought to go back to drivin’ a truck,” having established that the chap had acquired considerable experience in that line of trade. The dismissed man was Elvis Presley, who went on to become the most popular singer in America.

A father was highly exasperated by his son’s wild and, what he deemed to be a rather inferior intellect. For the son seemed to care for nothing, save for “shooting, dogs, and rat catching.” As if this was not enough, the son had abandoned a medical career. The parent could not have been more mistaken. For the son turned out to be the father of the theory of evolution. Yes, Charles Darwin.

An author, by the name Richard Hooker, had worked for seven years on a humorous war novel entitled, M*A*S*H, only to have it rejected by twenty-one publishers. Luckily to him, the twenty-second publisher decided to publish it. And to the joy of both, it became a runaway bestseller, spawning a blockbusting movie and highly successful television series.

A fellow was fired by his newspaper editor because he “lacked imagination and had no original ideas.” Well, the sacked man was not lacking in imagination and original ideas. Actually, he had too much of them. For the bloke went on to build Disneyland. His name? Walt Disney.

Many cutting-edge scientific geniuses also had had to persevere before they overcome resistance. For example, the revolutionary discoveries concerning antibiotics by Scottish biologist Alexander Fleming were met with apathy from his colleagues. American inventor Chester Carlson, inventor of the Xerox® machine, was rejected by more than twenty companies before he finally sold the concept. German scientist Alfred Wegner’s theory

of continental drift was ridiculed by the geologists of his time.

Most often though, Unseeing eyes and unhearing ears leave their marks, causing personal anguish to their victims, squandering valuable resources of time, energy and money, and obstructing the realization of higher human ideals. In his book, “Great Laws of Science and the Minds Behind them from Archimedes to Hawking,” Clifford Pickover outlines some of the miseries inflicted upon the world’s most distinguished natural scientists by their fellow men:

Georg Simon Ohm, the German physicist best known for his research on electrical currents, and after whose name had been a scientific law called, had his ideas at his time so poorly received and his emotions scraped raw that he resigned his post at the university college where he was professor of mathematics. His work was ignored, and he lived in poverty for much of his life. A critic belittled Ohm’s physics book saying that its “sole effort is to detract from the dignity of nature.” The German minister of education at the time also said that Ohm was “a professor who preached such heresies that he was unworthy to teach science.”

The renowned Sir Isaac

Newton was so distressed by criticism from his colleague, British physicist Robert Hooke that he decided to withhold publication of one of his greatest works, Opticks, until after Hooke died. Newton also went nearly mad in another argument about his theory of colors with several Englishmen who had criticized his experiments. The correspondence between Newton and these critics lasted until Newton finally had a nervous breakdown.

Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann is best remembered for his work in thermodynamics, heat, and disorder. He has also left us one of the principal science laws. However, several of his fellow scientists, such as Ernst Mach and Wilhelm Ostwald, resisted so insistently against his discoveries that Boltzmann’s depression worsened, and he killed himself in 1906. Boltzmann had come to develop a mental disorder, and his low emotional periods were only exacerbated by his failing eyesight and the bickering of colleagues.

If many eagerly seek for cracks in the tangible matter of the physical realm over which to broil masterminds, one ponders how much more torment their comrades in the social world,

Seeing Eyes, Hearing Ears

Continued On Page 2

4Eritrea Profile, Wednesday 13th of November,2013

Official Job Title: Programme Associate Duty Station: Asmara, Eritrea

Grade (Classified) GS-7 Fixed Term

Post Number: 6451

Post Type: Rotational Non-Rotational

Classification Authority:

Office Typology/DHR approved position

1. Organizational Location

The Programme Associate is located in Country Offices (CO) and reports to either the Assistant Representative or Programme Specialist/ Programme Analyst.

2. Job Purpose

The Programme Associate supports the design, planning and management of UNFPA’s country programme by providing and managing data inputs, providing logistical support, monitoring project implementation and following up on recommendations. The Programme Associate applies established systems and procedures and assists in the creation of substantive knowledge by compiling, synthesizing and analyzing information relevant to population and development, reproductive health and gender issues. S/he is instrumental in facilitating programme/ project implementation using and developing appropriate mechanisms and systems and ensuring compliance with established procedures.

3. Major Activities/Expected Results

Participates in the identification and formulation of the country programme and component projects •by compiling and analyzing information in the subject areas of UNFPA assistance to the Government, drafts project documents and work plans and prepares tables and statistical data.

Evaluates project and programme activities, establishing and implementing mechanisms to systematically •assess the achievement of results, conducting field visits, participating in review meetings and evaluation missions and preparing regular inputs to status and progress reports. Analyzes basic factors affecting the achievement of results, recommends corrective actions and follows up on recommendations.

In coordination with national counterparts and project personnel, guides routine implementation of •assigned projects, coordinating delivery of project inputs, ensuring participation of national counterparts in training activities and study tours.

Provides logistical support to projects by coordinating review meetings and other project related •workshops and events. Trains and guides project personnel and staff on national execution and programme policies and procedures.

Contributes to creation and sharing of knowledge by synthesizing and documenting findings and lessons •learned, success stories and best practices, strategies and approaches of the CO, and drafting relevant materials for dissemination.

Supports advocacy and resource mobilization strategy of the CO by compiling and synthesizing relevant •background material for use in discussions and public events. Establishes and maintains network of donor and public information contacts and provides assistance in organizing and conducting donor meetings and public information events.

4. Work Relations

The Programme Associate maintains collaborative relationships with the two clusters including the programme and project staff, the CO’s cross-cutting and the CO’s operations team.

5. Job Requirements

Education:

Successful candidates preferably should have a bachelor degree in health, population, demography, economics and /or other related social science field.

Knowledge and Experience:

Seven years of relevant experience in programme/ project •management in the private or public sector.

Proficiency in current office software applications and corporate IT systems., such as Atlas/PeopleSoft.

•

Languages: Fluency in oral and written English.

Other Desirable Skills:

CANDIDATES SHOULD PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF COMPLETION / EXEMPTION FROM NATIONAL SERVICE

UNFPA provides a work environment that reflects the values of gender equality, teamwork, respect for diversity, integrity and a healthy balance of work and life. We are committed to maintaining our balanced gender distribution and therefore encourage women to apply. UNFPA does not solicit or screen for information in respect of HIV or AIDS and does not discriminate on the basis of HIV/AIDS status.

Only qualified candidates will be shortlisted and invited for interview. Please mail a recent Application Letter, CV and copies of qualifications including telephone numbers in a sealed envelope addressed to:

UNFPA RepresentativeP.O. Box 5366 Asmara, EritreaQuote: Vacancy Announcement / Post Name and Number

All applicants should be submitted with 10 days after the date of announcement on the news paper

VACANCY ANNOUNCEMENTBisha Mining Share Company is inviting applicants for the following positions for its Bisha Site Project;

Position:- Drill and Blast Supervisor ( 1)1. Major Duties and responsibilities:-

Experience with DTH and Top Hammer blast hole drill rigs.Experience is control blasting techniques.Control and management of all drilling and blasting activities including explosives magazine.Management of drilling and blasting consumables stock control.Design and interpretation of blast hole and tie-in plans and effective communication and implementation in the

field.Ability and experience in training, coaching and mentoring subordinate personnel.Implement a program of ongoing training and development so as to affect skills and technology transfer for

successful succession planning.Implement employee performance management processes to ensure optimum employee performance.Demonstrate high level of communication with the mining operations personnel and other departments.Interface with mine, corporate and community stakeholders to ensure successful and safe blasting operations.Ensure that activities are carried out in strict conformance with all BMSC policies inclusive of cultural, social,

safety and environment.Proactively promote a positive Site safety and environmental management culture.

WHAT WE WANT…Commitment to safety and environment above all else.Commitment to training, coaching and skills transfer.Commitment to continuous improvement.Demonstrated leadership and management ability.Person capable of taking initiative to achieve positive outcomes.Highly organized individual capable of prioritizing tasks.Demonstrated ability to deliver outcomes on-time and within budget.

PROFESSIONAL AND INTERPERSONAL DETAILSBlasting Certificate+5 years open pit mining in a drill and blast capacity.

Demonstrated knowledge of Blast Design and Initiation software. (Surpac, BlastInfo)

Prior experience in Explosives Magazine control and management.Demonstrated people leadership and ability to training and transfer

skills.A valid Driver’s License.Training & Assessment Certificate

General Information and other requirements:Place of Work: Bisha site.•Type of contract: Definite Period.•Salary: As per Company salary scale.•

Additional requirement for Nationals: •Having fulfilled his/her National Service obligation and provide evidence •

of release paper from Ministry of Defense. Present clearance paper from current/last employer •Testimonial documents to be attached (CV, work experience credentials, a •

copy of your National Identity Card etc.).Only shortlisted applicants would be considered as potential candidates for •

an interview. Application documents will not be returned to sender and,• All applications should be sent through the post office.•Deadline for application: 10 days from the day of publication in the •

Newspaper.Address: Please mail your applications to;•

Bisha Mining Share Company, P. O. Box 4276 Asmara, EritreaNote to Eritrean applicants:Please send a copy of your application to Ministry of Labor and Human WelfareDepartment of LaborP.O.BOX 5252, Asmara, Eritrea

ADS

5Eritrea Profile, Wednesday 13th of November,2013

Aron Hidru

Confucius Institute at National Board for Higher Education of Eritrea (CI-NBHE) was set up on June 5th, 2013. Its purpose is to create chances for Eritrean People to learn Chinese and understand Chinese Culture. Now it is ready to offer the free Chinese classes to the public. Those who are interested in learning Chinese and longing for knowing about Chinese culture are welcome to register in Confucius Institute office. The office is open from 8:30am to 11:30am on weekdays from now on except holidays. The first Chinese class has started on Sept. 16th, 2013 and the session for the class is between 4:00 P.M. to 6:00 P.M. every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. We will open more classes in the near future when the number of registered applicants reaches 20 and we will offer more schedule on your choice. CI-NBHE is expecting you to begin the Chinese Journey with us together.

Office address: CI-NBHE, University of AsmaraOffice hours to register: 8:30am – 11:30am, weekdays (except

holidays)Tel: 162242

CHINESE CLASSES TO THE PUBLIC

At a dinner party in New York, one of the guests, a woman who had inherited money, was eager to make a pleasing impression on everyone. She had squandered a modest fortune on sables, diamonds and pearls. But she hadn’t done anything whatever about her face. It radiated sourness and selfishness. She didn’t realize what everyone knows: namely, that the expression one wears on one’s face is far more important than the clothes one wears on one’s back. Charles Schwab told me his smile had been worth a million dollars. And he was probably understating the truth. For Schwab’s personality, his charm, his ability to make people like him, were almost wholly responsible for his extraordinary success; and one of the most delightful factors in his personality was his captivating smile. Actions speak louder than words, and a smile says,”I like you, you make me happy. I am glad to see you.”

That is why dogs make such a hit. They are so glad to see us that they almost jump out of their skins. So, naturally, we are glad to see them. A baby’s smile has the same effect. Have you ever been in a doctor’s waiting room and looked around at all the glum faces waiting impatiently to be seen? Dr, Stephen K. Sproul, a veterinarian in Raytown, Missouri, told of a typical spring day when his waiting room was full of clients waiting to have their pets inoculated. No one was talking to anyone else, and all were probably thinking of a dozen other things they would rather be doing than “wasting time” sitting in that office. He told one of our classes: “There were six or seven clients waiting when a young woman came in with a nine-month-old baby and a kitten. As luck would have it, she sat down next to a gentleman who was more than a little distraught about the long wait for service.

The next thing he knew, the baby just looked up at him with that great

A Simple Way to Make a Good First Impression

big smile that is so characteristic of babies. What did that gentleman do? Just what you and I would do, of course; he-smiled back at the baby. Soon he struck up a conversation with the woman about her baby and his grandchildren, and soon the entire reception room joined in, and the boredom and tension were converted into a pleasant and enjoyable experience.” An insincere grin? No. That doesn’t fool anybody. We know it is mechanical and we resent it. I am talking about a real smile, a heartwarming smile, a smile that comes from within, the kind of smile that will bring a good price in the marketplace.

Professor James V. McConnell, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, expressed his feelings about a smile as follows. “People who smile,” he said, “tend to manage, teach and sell more effectively, and to raise happier children. There’s far more information in a smile than a frown. That’s why encouragement is a much more effective teaching device than punishment.”

The employment manager of a large New York department store told me she would rather hire a sales clerk who hadn’t finished grade school, if he or she has a pleasant smile, than to hire a doctor of philosophy with a somber face.

The effect of a smile is powerful - even when it is unseen. Telephone companies throughout the United States have a program called “phone power” which is offered to employees who use the telephone for selling their services or products. In this program they suggest that you smile when talking on the phone. Your “smile” comes through in your voice.

Robert Cryer, manager of a computer department for a Cincinnati, Ohio, company, told how he had successfully found the right applicant for a hard-to-fill position: “I was desperately trying to recruit a Ph.D. in computer science for my department. I finally located a young man with ideal

qualifications who was about to be graduated from Purdue University. After several phone conversations I learned that he had several offers from other companies, many of them larger and better known than mine. I was delighted when he accepted my offer. After he started on the job, I asked him why he had chosen us over the others. He paused for a moment and then he said: ‘I think it was because managers in the other companies spoke on the phone in a cold, business-like manner, which made me feel like just another business transaction, Your voice sounded as if you were glad to hear from me . . . that you really wanted me to be part of your organization. ’ You can be assured, I am still answering my phone with a smile.”

The chairman of the board of directors of one of the largest rubber companies ‘in the United States told me that, according to his observations, people rarely succeed at anything unless they have fun doing it. This industrial leader doesn’t put much faith in the old adage that hard work alone is the magic key that will unlock the door to our desires, “I have known people,” he said, “who succeeded because they had a rip-roaring good time conducting their business. Later, I saw those people change as the fun became work. The business had grown dull. They lost all joy in it, and they failed.”

You must have a good time meeting people if you expect them to have a good time meeting you. I have asked thousands of business people to smile at someone every hour of the day for a week and then come to class and talk about the results. How did it work?

Let’s see. . . Here is a letter from William B. Steinhardt, a New York stockbroker. His case isn’t isolated. In fact, it is typical of hundreds of cases.

“I have been married for over eighteen years,” wrote Mr. Steinhardt, “and in all that time I seldom smiled at my wife or spoke

two dozen words to her from the time I got up until I was ready to leave for business. I was one of the worst grouches who ever walked down Broadway.

“When you asked me to make a talk about my experience with smiles, I thought I would try it for a week. So the next morning, while combing my hair, I looked at my glum mug in the mirror and said to myself, ‘Bill, you are going to wipe the scowl off that sour puss of yours today. You are going to smile. And you are going to begin right now.’ As I sat down to breakfast, I greeted my wife with a ‘Good morning, my dear,’ and smiled as I said it.

“You warned me that she might be surprised. Well, you underestimated her reaction. She was bewildered. She was shocked. I told her that in the future she could expect this as a regular occurrence, and I kept it up every morning.

“This changed attitude of mine brought more happiness into our home in the two months since I started than there was during the last year.

“As I leave for my office, I greet the elevator operator in the apartment house with a ‘Good morning’ and a smile; I greet the doorman with a smile. I smile at the cashier in the subway booth when

PArT I

I ask for change. As I stand on the floor of the Stock Exchange, I smile at people who until recently never saw me smile.

“I soon found that everybody was smiling back at me, I treat those who come to me with complaints or grievances in a cheerful manner, I smile as I listen to them and I find that adjustments are accomplished much easier. I find that smiles are bringing me dollars, many dollars every day. “I share my office with another broker. One of his clerks is a likable young chap, and I was so elated about the results I was getting that I told him recently about my philosophy of human relations. He then confessed that when I first came to share my office with his firm he thought me a terrible grouch – and only recently changed his mind. He said I was really human when I smiled.

“I have also eliminated criticism from my system. I give appreciation and praise now instead of condemnation. I have stopped talking about what I want. I am now trying to see the other person’s viewpoint. And these things have literally revolutionized my life. I am a totally different man, a happier man, a richer man, richer in friendships and happiness - the only things that matter much after all.”

6Eritrea Profile, Wednesday 13th of November,2013

ERITREA

Job title Electrician

Location BAT Eritrea

Appointment type Permanent

Major Duties & Responsibilities’

• Identify and analyze component and equipment failure.• Attend to all electrical breakdowns in a safe and diligent manner.• Check and inspect all safety switches, guards and company’s electrical

systems and ensure they are functional to the company standards. • Inspect and maintain machines to the required standard in order to

deliver the best performance concerning electrical and electronics systems.

• Ensure company Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) procedures & standards are complied with and implemented.

• Ability to execute work effectively and consciously.Ability to rectify faults quickly and accurately and minimize level of downtime.

Required Qualification & Experience

• Qualified college graduate in technical field ( Electrical & Electronics)• At least 5 years work experience preferable in a factory set up• Knowledge of Industrial Electro Mechanics.

Understanding of Environmental Health and Safety procedures in a Manufacturing Process.

Other skills and experiences• Ability to speak and write in English.• Good interpersonal skills.• Basic knowledge in computer applications• Willing to work long hours and shift works

Applicants should provide evidence of completion/ exemption from National service and if employed in governmental agencies should provide official release. Interested applicants should provide non-returnable copy of CV and relevant documents with easily accessible telephone numbers to:British American Tobacco EritreaHuman Resources officeP.O.Box 749,Asmara.

Daniel Semere

At whichever level we are operating, success and victory are first born in the mind. No achievement can be made without the mental readiness of the achievers. Even what most of us call as luck, cannot be used without a ready mind which seize the opportunity when and where it happens, hence the saying ‘luck favors the prepared mind.’ The point we are trying to make here is that, nothing happens without conviction first installed within the mind.

Colonialism or oppression is perhaps the best example where this assertion has been proven right. More familiarly, the exploitation that came to signify the prevailing world order is sustained precisely because it’s been able to be sustained in the mind, both from the exploiters and exploited point of view. A scholar once challenged students to think about how Belgium, a country of relatively small size and small population could colonize one of the largest countries in the world, Congo? It is true, of course all colonial experience had the same pattern, especially in Africa, and that they are essentially the same. However, contemplating the above example epitomizes the case in point in this article that is the conviction in the mind precedes any action.

The Belgian controlled the Congo with other colonized countries’ fighting power. The army with which almost all colonizers used to control other countries and expand their territory is comprised of men from other colonies. It is a simple logic that these armies, by strengthening the colonial base of their colonizers were extending their own colonization and oppression. To do these however the colonizers had to first control the minds of the colonized, without which it is virtually impossible to physically control the colonies. Indeed asking a simple question like, how many Belgians would have been needed to control the whole of Congo, would suffice to make the point clear. No Belgian would have been left in Belgium had the case been like this.

Therefore, the techniques that were employed in cementing and indeed expanding colonialism, in one way or the other had to do with controlling the minds of

the colonized people. Traditional leaders in Africa were made to be accomplices to their people’s suppression while they themselves were caged in an illusory idea of the possession power. Soldiers on the other hand were recruited from the colonies with the temptation of acquiring a new status whose price is, as a scholar puts it, ‘reinforcing colonized people’s chain of servitude’, where they themselves belonged.

Hence from the onset the superstructure that was going to make this system seem natural was ceaselessly pursued, and it worked. If colonialism was to be defeated therefore it first and foremost had to be defeated in the mind. There had to be the belief that it is beatable. And as was witnessed it is when such ideas started to get hold in the mind of the people that the foundation of colonialism started to crumble.

Indeed colonialism started to face a serious challenge to its existence, after the idea of the invincibility of the colonizers was challenged by the colonized after their experience in battle fields alongside the colonizers during the Second World War. The colonizer is a human with flesh and he bleeds and dies. Its authority can be challenged, as it is now conceivable that it can be defeated. In the book Resistance to Italian Colonialism in Eritrea, it was stated that the 1894 courageous rebellion of Bahta Hagos to the flagrant land appropriation by the Italians, has served as precedence to the resistances that follows in the early years of the Italian colonialism. “The façade of the invincibility of the Italian colonialism was laid bare” that led to series of resistances to become “daily encounters.” The people have realized that colonialism is beatable.

As an extension of previous peaceful and violent resistances to colonialism, the Eritrean people’s struggle took the mental readiness and conviction that the task of achieving independence through the participation of an aware people can be done. Indeed except for this quality, the pioneers of the armed struggle cannot compared with the colonizer’s armed force at any level. However, the conviction led to mass participation of the people of Eritrea voluntarily; and as has been witness it proved to live up to the saying ‘nothing is stronger than the

The Mind: Why anything is possible or impossible

heart of a volunteer.’ In the course of the struggle, the vital struggle against colonialism was conducted in the mind. The Eritrean fighters worked relentlessly to free the people from mental enslavement and guide the people to the right course of history. That enabled the Eritrean people to redeem its dignity and indeed history, hence led it to its victory. The course however, has not reached to its final destination as much need to be done to maintain progress and avoid regression.

Colonialism has “ended” and African countries are “independent”. But the real question of utmost importance is that whether the mind of the African people is free. This is of the essence that determines everything. Frantz Fanon, for example, believes that gaining independence through political arrangement failed to bring about the freedom of the mind, and hence served as a foundation of Neo-colonialism. Indeed Fanon had written in one of his earlier books that what a black man wants to be is white. “This pathological desire” one powerful analysis of this fanon’s assertion states, “is forced upon black people by white civilization and European culture. Colonialism, slavery, and other means where by the west dominates the rest of the world have given rise to social practices,

discourses, and ideologies that attempt to justify oppression while establishing global standard of values.” The analysis further went on to give a simple example that has been tacitly accepted and hence epitomizes this underlying problem. “For example, ‘universal’ criteria of beauty are based on white models: black people can never conform to them fully. Black people, then, abandon themselves individually and collectively in quest of white acceptance. The quest is inherently and ultimately futile; it results primarily solidifying deep and disturbing feelings of inferiority.”

It is precisely this feeling of inferiority that has been hindering the solutions to most of our fundamental problems in Africa and elsewhere. Instead of having the confidence that we are able to solve most of our problem depending on ourselves, we rather look the solution elsewhere, and ironically from the very same people who seek to sustain our problem in the first place. In one of her articles Acqua Djanie wrote “What is going on? Why have we turned into a continent of beggars? Our leaders go abroad to beg for “aid” to support the national budget or else they can’t run our countries. They beg for loans, grants, and experts to develop Africa. It makes no sense, when you have everything you need at

home to cook a good meal, to go begging your neighbor for their food. You may not be a good cook, but once you have the ingredients, surely you can only try?” The gist of the paragraph is that without the conviction that we can do whatever we want on our own, even having a considerable resources cannot change your status.

Djanie remarks that “Africa is asking for help from the wrong quarters.” Colonizers has for long been benefiting from African resources more than Africans themselves. And what better way can there be to maintain the status quo than keeping the dependent mentality and thereby making it vulnerable for manipulation. It will not be hard to believe that the world of interest that never thought twice to deprive humans their natural human rights in the days of colonialism will be devising means and ways to control the resources that had been crucial in its development, at its disposal. All the psychological warfare and propaganda by these interests conform to this basic endeavor of domination.

All this arguments lead to the conclusion that the race for the mind is still on the run. It is the ultimate way of domination without which any action is impossible. That’s where the problem is and that’s where the solution lies.

7Eritrea Profile, Wednesday 13th of November,2013

A friend will come in storm saying ‘what kind of a person is x, all this time I took him for a nice guy.’ You would wonder what did mister x did so wrong to anger your friend in that manner and ask ‘what did he do to you’. Your friend would reply, ‘we have known each other for a long time and he doesn’t greet me well’. And if you are not familiar with the Eritrean way of life, you may find yourself taken aback by this.

Because life is communal, relationships are personal, social encounters are therefore intimate. When one greets the other, it is supposed to be deep and heartfelt. Mere shuffling of ‘hi’ or ‘hello’ won’t work. Every one is expected to know who is who and respect the family bond that one has. And when bumped to encounters, is expected to give warm and long and elaborate greeting, showing deep interest in that person and letting the encounter know that he cares. And failing to do so is socially disapproved, and may be seen as deviant behavior.

A person is said to be nice and breezy according to the kind of greeting he shares with other peoples. A person’s place in the society or community is underlined by his habit of greeting. Because relationships are at personal bases, that person is supposed to take interest in the well being of the encounter and his family. And if he fails to do so, if he fails to be greeting charmingly, he is taken for self-centered ‘I don’t need any body’ kind of guy.

So often, people size you up and measure you on the basis of

SHEER GREETINGS & HOSPITALITY: THE GOD GIVEN

your ‘hello habits’, and if you are a little distant from what is normal, i.e., not sharing a long and elaborate greeting with encounters enquiring about the well being of all the family members, you would print a wrong image of yourself on others. And however nice you may be, people would have a low opinion of you, and remark ‘he doesn’t even satisfy you with his greeting.’ It is like what good you can do, if you don’t even do the simplest and effortless greeting satisfactorily.

There was this comedy about a teenager and a much older relative of his. As the story goes, the teenage boy was smoking hiding from his parents, and the much older relative happened to pass by the place the boy was at, and stops to greet him. Frustrated by the sudden mishap, the boy dodges the burning cigarette in the pocket of his t-shirt and reciprocates the greeting of his relative and they rub shoulder to shoulder and shake hands.

The much older relative then, starts to ask the boy about his health, education, and enquires about the well being of the family members one by one referring by their names. In short, the greeting takes more time than it should, and the lively cigarette that the boy tucked in his pocket burns his cloths and reaches all through to his skin. And at the end the boy makes quite a scene, to the dismay of his relative, by screaming ‘we are all fine!’ out of sharp pain.

When people are in a hurry though, it some times poses a problem. Because it means that if

you want to do things in time, you have to throw a simple hello and run to your affair. Nevertheless, in our lives greetings is not just saying hello to some encounter, it is a way of reciprocating the care of others over you, showing who you are. It is a way of saying I am here, and I care.

More over, for Eritreans, a greeting is a God given right of people. One doesn’t pay for it, doesn’t toil for it. There is a belief that God has given us the concept of greeting, so that we learn to be nice to each other and hence spread the spirit of peace and harmony. Especially in the country sides, not greeting the passers by you encounter, even if they are perfect strangers, is seen as an act of such indecency. If you happen to ask why, because ‘selamta is of God’s’, would be the answer you

get from a typical Eritrean.Along with greetings, Eritreans

are also known for their hospitality. As flattering as it may sound it is also an everyday happening.

As a stranger when crossing the border of no-man’s circle and entering in to the life circle of the Eritrean soul, merhaba would be the first sound you would hear. And most likely, it is probably the first Eritrean word whose meaning you would find out the soonest.

Merhaba as a word is so common among the Eritrean ethnic groups; it is often hard to recognize the word’s root language. It is like Amen, which everybody says it and knows what it means but nobody cares to find out from where exactly it came from.

Highlander or lowlander, Christian or Muslim, everybody welcomes a guest with a worm merhaba; meaning ‘you are welcome in my house’. It is widely believed that guests are a blessing to have because it’s utterly satisfying to welcome and accommodate guests.

Sometimes it is highly intertwined with the host’s faith as Eritreans are religious people. At the sight of a new face, the household member will welcome you warmly. One doesn’t even care whether the guest is where he intends to be. So even if the guest is in a wrong place, he is still accorded a warm welcome and proper guest accommodations, beginning with the warm water to wash the feet, to the beautiful coffee ceremony.

Very often, the guest realizes he is in the wrong house only a little later because unless he asks first, it would be highly improbable for

the host to start enquiring. This is so, because it is considered rude to ask people, who they are or what they want, when they come to your home.

There is a saying that goes, beal hade mealti aykseska, equivalent to ‘first impression is the last impression’. So being an Eritrean the last thing you want to give a guest is the wrong impression. And at times even if you don’t have enough for yourself, you give plenty to the guest, under the spell of thinking that because he doesn’t know you, if he is underserved or underattented, he will hold upon you a bad judgment.

So this hospitality, at the other extreme of it, doesn’t consider the reality. Because, the household, even if it doesn’t have much, may offer whatever it possesses to you, leaving the children and other members of the house hungry. And also, because the guest is there only for one day, he is treated with the best dishes the household can afford. It may be that the children always eat the tea and dry bread for breakfast, and the eggs are always for sale to help in the economy of the house. But when a guest is there, he is provided a breakfast of baked eggs.

Nevertheless, even though the hospitality comes with its disadvantages; the Eritrean would never abandon it. For what it is worth, Eritreans would continue to utter Merhaba with a charming smile at the sight of new face at their doorstep.

Errey M.

8Eritrea Profile, Wednesday 13th of November,2013

Egypt is now the worst country for women’s rights in the Arab world, according to a poll of gender experts.

The study found sexual harassment, high rates of female genital mutilation and a growth in conservative Islamist groups contributed to the low ranking.

The Comoros islands came top in the survey, which was conducted by the Thomson Reuters Foundation.

The poll surveyed more than 330 gender experts in 21 Arab League states as well as Syria.

It is the foundation’s third annual study focusing on women’s rights since the Arab Uprisings in 2011.

Iraq ranked second-worst after Egypt, followed by Saudi Arabia,

An electrical current capable of charging a mobile phone has been created from microwave signals.

A team from Duke University said the technology they had used had been as efficient as using solar panels.

The device they created used metamaterials, which capture various forms of wave energy and convert them for other applications.

In the future, satellite, sound or wi-fi signals could be “harvested”, according to the US researchers.

“We’re showing... these materials can be useful for consumer applications,” said engineering student Alexander Katko.

Using fibreglass and copper conductors on a circuit board, the researchers converted microwaves into 7.3 volts of electricity. A USB charger, which is often used to recharge mobile phone batteries and cameras, provides about five volts.

“We were aiming for the highest

Taliban militant have threatened to kill members of Loya Jirga if they allow the US to set up permanent military bases in Afghanistan beyond the 2014 deadline for withdrawal of foreign troops, Press TV reports.

This comes as civil leaders and

Learning music lessons in childhood can provide brain benefits later in life, as it boosts brain response to speech sounds, new research has suggested.

The study unveils that playing a musical instrument during childhood leaves benefits in brain that lasts long even into adult life, according to the findings published in the Journal of Neuroscience.

The research scientists monitored the brains of 44 people in their 50s, 60s and 70s at the Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory at Northwestern University in Illinois, US.

The participants had to listen to a synthesized speech syllable, “da”, while researchers measured electrical activity in the spot of the brain that is responsible for processing sound information known as the auditory brainstem.

The observation unraveled that though none of the volunteers had music practice for nearly 40 years, their brain responses were totally different.

Those who had music training between four and 14 years early in life showed a faster response to the speech sound than those ones who never had music lessons.

Experts suggest “musical training particularly with an emphasis on rhythmic skills can exercise the auditory-system.”

A new “broadband” invisibility cloak which hides objects over a wide range of frequencies has been devised.

Despite the hype about Harry Potter-style cloaks, our best current designs can only conceal objects at specific wavelengths of light or microwaves.

At other frequencies, invisibility cloaks actually make things more visible, not less, US physicists found.

Their solution is a new ultrathin, electronic system, which they describe in Physical Review Letters.

“Our active cloak is a completely new concept and design, aimed at

Syria and Yemen.The Comoros, where women

hold 20% of ministerial positions, is followed at the top of the rankings by Oman, Kuwait, Jordan and Qatar.

The poll asked experts to assess factors such as violence against women, reproductive rights, treatment of women within the family and women’s role in politics

and the economy.Discriminatory laws and a

spike in trafficking contributed to Egypt’s place at the bottom of the ranking of 22 Arab states, the survey said.

“There are whole villages on the outskirts of Cairo and elsewhere where the bulk of economic activity is based on trafficking in women and forced marriages,” said Zahra Radwan of US-based rights group Global Fund for Women.

However, sexual harassment was cited as the main factor.

A UN report in April said 99.3% of women and girls in Egypt had been subjected to sexual harassment.

“The social acceptability of everyday sexual harassment affects every woman in Egypt regardless of age, professional or socio-economic background, marriage status, dress or behaviour,” said Noora Flinkman of Egyptian campaign group HarassMap.

Meanwhile, the survey said Iraq was now more dangerous for women than under Saddam Hussein, with women disproportionately affected by the violence of the past decade.

Saudi Arabia ranked poorly on women’s involvement in politics, workplace discrimination, freedom of movement and property rights.

But the conservative country scored better than many other Arab states when it came to access to education and healthcare, reproductive rights and gender violence.

Egypt ‘Worst For Women’ Out Of 22 Countries In Arab World

energy efficiency we could achieve,” said team member Allen Hawkes.

“We had been getting energy efficiency around 6-10%, but with this design we were able to dramatically improve energy conversion to 37%, which is comparable to what is achieved in solar cells.”

Metamaterials are artificial materials that display properties not usually found in nature.

In future, the two students and their colleague Steven Cummer hope that the technology can be built in to mobile phones. This would allow the handsets to recharge wirelessly when not being used.

They also believe that it could help users living in remote areas without access to the power grid. They would be able to “harvest” the energy from signals generated by mobile phone towers.

“Our work demonstrates a simple and inexpensive approach to electromagnetic power harvesting,” said Mr Cummer.

“The beauty of the design is that the basic building blocks are self-contained and additive. One can simply assemble more blocks to increase the scavenged power.”

The full report will be published in the journal Applied Physics Letters in December.

Microwave Signals Turned Into Electrical Power

members of Loya Jirga known as the grand assembly of elders are to gather in Kabul in the third week of November to decide whether to support a deal allowing some US troops to stay in the country after 2014.

On Monday, Taliban spokesman, Zabiullah Mujahid, said signing a Kabul-Washington Bilateral Security Agreement (BSA) would be a betrayal to Afghanistan.

President Hamid Karzai has recently told media that he is not ready to sign the deal as long as it does not suit Afghanistan’s interests and purposes.

However, the president noted that

his government would abide by the decision of the assembly.

The meeting comes after several rounds of talks between Washington and Kabul on the security deal bore no fruit. The two sides remained at odds on the issue of immunity for American troops.

Washington says there will be no deal without immunity while Kabul considers it a violation of its sovereignty.

Kabul and Washington are also at odds over US demands for the right to conduct unilateral military operations, and how the US would pledge to

protect Afghanistan.The developments have once again

dashed American hopes that a pact can be quickly finalized.

Meanwhile, several Afghan political parties have recently heaped scorn on US-led forces for committing unforgivable crimes against Afghan women and children since invading the country in 2001.

The Islamic Movement of Afghanistan Party and several other political factions have released a statement warning that things will get worse should the US sets up its bases in Afghanistan.

“As people grow older, they often experience changes in the brain that compromise hearing. For instance, the brains of older adults show a slower response to fast-changing sounds, which is important for interpreting speech,” researchers clarified.

“Being a millisecond faster may not seem like much, but the brain is very sensitive to timing and a millisecond compounded over millions of neurons can make a real difference in the lives of older adults,” said Michael Kilgard from the University of Texas, who was not involved with the research.

An earlier study conducted by scientists from Concordia University and the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital at McGill University also revealed the positive effects of music practice on the brain.

The study demonstrated that “musical training before age 7 is linked with more white matter in the corpus callosum part of the brain, as well as better performance on visual sensorimotor synchronization tasks compared with people who started music training after age 7.”

Childhood Music Lessons Boost Adulthood Cognitive Skills

Taliban warns Loya Jirga against approving US security pact

New ‘Invisibility Cloak’ Type Designed

Afghan elders attend a Loya Jirga meeting in Kabul. (File photo)

The survey looked at women’s rights in the wake of the Arab

uprisings

beating the limits of [current cloaks] and we show that it indeed does,” said Prof Andrea Alu, from the University of Texas at Austin.

“If you want to make an object transparent at all angles and over broad bandwidths, this is a good solution.

“We are looking into realising this technology at the moment, but we are still at the early stages.”

While the popular image of an invisibility cloak is the magical robe worn by Harry Potter, there is another kind which is not so far-fetched.

The first working model - which concealed a small copper cylinder by bending microwaves around it - was first demonstrated in 2006.

It was built with a thin shell of metamaterials - artificial composites whose structures allow properties which do not exist in nature.

Cloaking materials could have applications in the military, microscopy, biomedical sensing, and energy harvesting devices.

The trouble with current designs is they only work at limited bandwidths. Even this “perfect” 3D cloak demonstrated last year could only hide objects from microwaves.

At other frequencies the cloak acts as a beacon - making the hidden object more obvious - as Prof Alu and his team have now demonstrated in a new study in Physical Review X.

They looked at three popular types of “passive” cloaks - which do not require electricity - a plasmonic cloak, a mantle cloak, and a transformation-optics cloak.

All three types scattered more waves than the bare object they were trying to hide - when tested over the whole range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Many “invisibility” techniques actually make objects more obvious,

not less, the researchers found

researchers have found a way to capture microwave signals and turn

them in to power