Adjective endings

and

noun / adjective agreement

In Spanish, adjectives and articles always agree with nouns in gender and number.

If a noun is masculine, the adjective and article which modify it must be masculine also.

If a noun is feminine, the adjective and article which modify it must be feminine also.

If a noun is plural and ends with an -s , the adjective and article must end in an -s as well.

m.sg. un chico alto

f.sg. una chica alta

m.pl. unos chicos altos

f.pl. unas chicas altas

m.sg. el señor guapo

f.sg. la señora guapa

m.pl. los señores guapos

f.pl. las señoras guapas

Many adjectives and many nouns end in –a, -o, -e or a consonant like –l, -z, -d.

Nouns generally carry only one gender and always reflect that gender.

Nouns that end in -a are generally feminine and nouns that end in -o generally are masculine.

feminine - la blusa, la falda, la camisa

masculine - el vestido, el sombrero, el zapato.

Nouns that end in -e or a consonant can be either gender and must be learned individually.

feminine - la estudiante, la televisión

masculine - el lápiz, el calcetín, el parque, el restaurante.

Adjectives that end in either -a or -o change their ending according to the gender of the noun they modify.

m.sg. un chico alto

f.sg. una chica alta

m.pl. unos chicos altos

f.pl. unas chicas altas

m.sg. el señor guapo

f.sg. la señora guapa

m.pl. los señores guapos

f.pl. las señoras guapas

Adjectives that end in either -e or a consonant do not change their ending according to gender.

However, adjectives that end in any vowel do add an -s if the noun they modify is plural.

Adjectives that end in a consonant add an -es if the noun they modify is plural.

m.sg. un sombrero azul

f.sg. una falda verde

m.pl. unos sombreros azules

f.pl. unas faldas verdes

m.sg. el señor guapo

f.sg. la señora guapa

m.pl. los señores guapos

f.pl. las señoras guapas

Adjective agreement also holds in this case.

La chica es bonita. Nosotros somos rubios.

Es and somos are verbs. Verbs do not follow these rules in the same way.

Es and somos are verbs. Verbs do not follow these rules in the same way.

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Raúl es cómic____.oo

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Rosalinda es bonit____.aa

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Juan es rubi____.oo

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Graciela es simpátic____.aa

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Los amigos de Francisco son divertid____.osos

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Las faldas son larg____.asas

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Mis zapatos son negr____.osos

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Yo soy inteligent____.ee

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Bud es un perro gord___ y perezos____.

oo

oo

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

El gato en la camiseta de la chica es fe____.oo

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Los chicos son fuert___.eses

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Mónica es muy guap____.aa

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Graciela y Rosalinda son muy buen____ amigas.asas

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Raúl lleva una chaqueta azul____ y un sombrero azul ____.

oooo

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Rosalinda lleva un vestido amarill____.oo

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Pedro lleva una camisa roj____.aa

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Graciela tiene una bolsa grand____.ee

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Los zapatos de Bill son blanc____.osos

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

Los vaqueros de Raúl son azul____.eses

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

La falda de Graciela es morad____.aa

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase.

La camisa de Francisco es anaranjad____.aa