Introduction

Six Sigmato

At the end of this session, you will be able to understand:

• What is Six Sigma.

• Six Sigma - Key Concepts.

• The Six Sigma Methodology.

• Roles for implementing Six Sigma.

What is Six Sigma ?

• It is a highly disciplined process.

• Helps us focus on> Developing; and > Delivering.Near – perfect Products & Services.

There is not one answer to what is six sigma.

Other Definitions…FIRST MEANING –

• It is a management philosophy.

• Customer based approach realizing that defects are expensive.

• Fewer defects > Lower Cost > leads to >Improved Customer Loyalty.

• Way to achieve strategic business results.

Other Definitions…SECOND MEANING –

• Six Sigma is statistics.

• Produce less than 3.4 defects per million opportunities.

• Organizations do not achieve this, indicating – there is still Opportunity.

Other Definitions…

THIRD MEANING –

• Six Sigma is a process.

• To implement and achieve the six sigma level of 3.4 defects per million opportunities or less, a Process is required and used.

Six Sigma – Statistician's View

• Sigma – A statistical term, measuring how far a given process deviates from perfection.

• The central idea is to measure defects in a process.

• Then, eliminating defects and get as close to “Zero - Defect” as possible.

Summing up

Six Sigma is:

• The structured application of tools and techniques.

• Applied on project basis to achieve sustained strategic results.

Six Sigma - Key Concepts.At its core, Six Sigma revolves around a few key concepts.

• Critical to Quality: Attributes most important to customer.

• Defect: Failing to deliver what the customer wants.

• Process Capability: What your process can deliver.

Six Sigma - Key Concepts.

• Variation: What the customer sees and feels.

• Stable Operations: Ensuring consistent, predictable processes to improve Variations.

• Design for Six Sigma: Designing to meet customer needs and process capability.

Methodology

Six Sigma has two key methodologies:

• D M A I C: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control.

• D M A D V: Define, Measure, Analyze, Design, Verify.

Methodology

D M A I C

• Used to improve an existing business process.

• Systematic, Scientific and fact based.

• Closed loop process eliminates unproductive steps.

D M A I C Methodology

It consists of following five steps

1.Define the process improvement goals that are consistent with customer demands and enterprise strategy.

2. Measure the current process and collect relevant data for future comparison.

D M A I C Methodology

3. Analyze to verify relationship and causality of factors. Determine what the relationship is, and attempt to ensure that all the factors have been considered.

4. Improve or optimize the process based upon the analysis using various techniques.

D M A I C Methodology

The fifth step:

Control to ensure that any variances are corrected before they result in defects. Set up pilot runs to establish process capability, transition to production and thereafter continuously measure the process and institute control mechanisms.

MethodologyD M A D V

• Used to create new product or process design.

• In a way that it results in a more predictable, mature and defect free performance.

D M A D V MethodologyIt also consists of following five steps

1.Define the process improvement goals that are consistent with customer demands and enterprise strategy.

1.Measure and identify CTQ’s (Critical to Qualities), product & production capabilities and risk assessments.

D M A D V Methodology

3. Analyze to develop and design alternatives, create high – level design and evaluate design capability.

4. Design details, optimize the design, and plan for design verifications. This phase may require simulations.

D M A D V Methodology

The fifth step:

Verify the design, set up pilot runs, implement production processes and handover to process owners.

Required Roles

To implement Six Sigma in an organization, the following roles are

instrumental:

CHAMPIONS• Drawn from Upper Management.• Responsible for Six Sigma implementation.• Act as mentors to Black Belts.

Required Roles

Master Black Belts• Identified by Champions.• Act as in-house expert coach.• Guide Black and Green belts.

Black Belts• Operate under Master Black Belts.• Devote 100 % of their time to Six Sigma.• Focus on Project Execution.

Required Roles

Green Belts• Employees who take up Six Sigma

implementation along with their other job responsibilities.

• Operate under the guidance from the Black belts.

Green and Black belts are empowered to initiate, expand, and lead projects in their area of responsibility.

Prepared by:Aditi Saxena

Thank You.