LastUpdated:9ndOctober,2010

NONHALALandDOUBTFULFoodAdditives(ForAustralia)

SeveraloftheseAdditivesarebannedinAustralia,althoughtheymaybefoundinimportedproducts.

120 Cochineal(madefrombodiesofscaleinsects)

140 Chlorophyll

141 Coppercomplexesofchlorophyllandchlorophyllins

252 PotassiumNitrate(saltpetre)

387 Oxystearin

422 Glycerin(glycerol)

430 Polyoxyethylene(8)stearate

431 Polyoxyethylene(40)stearate

432 Polysorbate20

433 Polysorbate80

434 Polysorbate40

435 Polysorbate60

436 Polysorbate65

440 Pectin

470 Sodium,potassiumandcalciumsaltsoffattyacids

471 Monoanddiglyceridesoffatformingfattyacids

472 (a,b,c,d&e)Aceticandfattyacidestersofglycerol(422)

473 Sucroseestersoffattyacids

474 Sucroglycerides

475 Polyglycerolestersoffattyacids

476 Polyglycerolestersofinteresterifiedricinoleicacid

LastUpdated:9ndOctober,2010

477 Propane1,2,diolestersoffattyacids

478 Mixtureofglycerolandpropyleneglycolestersoflacticacidandfattyacids

479 (&b)Esterifiedsoyoil

481 Sodiumstearoyllactate

482 Calciumstearoyllactylate

483 Stearyltartrate

491 Sorbitanmonostearate

492 Sorbitantristearate

493 Sorbitanemonolaurate

494 Sorbitanmonooleate

495 Sorbitanemonopalmitate

542 Bonephosphate

570 Stearicacid

572 Magnesiumstearate

630 Inosinicacid

631 Disodiuminosinate

634 Calcium5'ribonucleotides

635 Sodium5'ribonucleotide

640 Glycineandsodiumglycinate

641 LLeucine

904 Shellac

910 LCysteine

913 Lanolin(Halalifsourcedfromwool,shearedfromlivesheep)

920 LCysteinemonohydrochloride

LastUpdated:9ndOctober,2010

921 LCystin

1000 CholicAcid

1100 Aamylase

1104 Lipases

1520 Propyleneglycol(couldbeGlycerolbased)

Littleornoinformationexistsonthefollowingnewadditives.Avoidusingthesewhilethereisdoubt:

1001 Cholinesalts

1101 Proteases

1102 Glucoseoxidase

1105 Lysozyme

Althoughgreatcarehasbeentakenincompilingtheinformation,thisisnotnecessarilyanallinclusivelist.

LastUpdated:9ndOctober,2010

DoubtfulandHaramFoodAdditivesandproductsoftenlistedbynamewithoutan

AdditiveCode

Alcohol(Ethanol) Thedrinkablealcohol(Haram).

Alcohol(Methanol) Highlytoxicandcausesblindnessandbraindamage.Notdrinkable.

AcrylicPaint SolventisEthanolwithtracesof(WaterbasedPaint) Methanol.Breathingvapoursina

confinedspacedelivers,withinseconds,thealcoholvapourstraightintothebloodstreamviathelungs.Thereforeuseverygoodventilation.

Bristle Pighairs.Usedtomakealltypesofbrushes(includingpainting,pastry,shavingandmakeupbrushes).Asthebrusheswear,particlesofthebrush(pighair)becomeembeddedinthefood,paintwork,etc..

Bacon/Ham Pigflesh.

Capsules UsuallymadefromGelatineofanimal(Vitamins&Medicines) origin,unlessspecifiedotherwise.Used

incapsulesofmedicinesandvitamins.

Diglyceride Emulsifier.Haram,ifofanimalorigin.

Enzyme Questionable,ascouldberennetofanimalorigin.

Essences ArtificialEssencesareoftenAlcoholbased.

LastUpdated:9ndOctober,2010

FruitJuices Gelatine1canbeusedtoclarifyfruit (inSoftDrinks) juicesand/ortostabilisebetacarotene whichisoftenusedasacolouringagent.

Advisabletosteerclearofthosesoftdrinkslistingbetacaroteneand/orapplejuiceasingredients.

FruitJuices(Clear) Gelatine1canbeusedtoclarifyfruitjuices,particularlyclearjuicesandapplejuice.

Humectant Keepsfoodsmoist.Canbe422Glycerin(glycerol),1520Propyleneglycoletc.

Gelatine Makefromanimalbones,mainlypork.Foundinmanysoft/chewysweets.Usedincapsulesofmedicinetablets.

Glycerine/ Canbeanimalbased(Haram)or Glycerol(422) vegetablebased(Halal).Usedinmany

brandsoftoothpastes.

Glycine(640) Glycineisproducedmainlyfromgelatine,whichisderivedfromanimalbones.

Leather Pigleatherisextensivelyusedforliningshoesandisalsousedforcameracases,wallets,purses,jackets,gloves,etc.Canbeidentifiedbyclustersofthreesmallholes(orpores)intheleather.

Leucine Asafoodadditive,LLeucinehasEnumberE641andisclassifiedasaflavourenhancer.

Lanolin Awaxfromsheep,derivedfromsheepwool.Halal,ifsourcedfromwool,shearedfromlivesheep.

Lard Pigfat.

1TheVegetarianSocietyUK.{Additionalpersonalnoteto:Usageis0.01%,sogelatinelistingnotrequired}.

LastUpdated:9ndOctober,2010

Magnesium Usedasanactiveingredientinmedicine Stearate(572) tablets.Haram,whenderivedfrom

animalsource.

MethylatedSpirits Approx95%EthanolwithtracesofMethanol.Whenusedtocleanorsterilize,avoidbreathingvapourswhichinstantlyenterthebloodstreamviathelungs.

Oxystearin(387) Commercially(nearlyalways)preparedfromvegetableoil,althoughfattyacidsofanimalorigin(includingpork)cannotbeexcluded.

Pectin(440) ForsomevegetablePectins,Alcohol(Ethanol)maybeusedintheproductionprocess.

Pepsin Adigestiveenzymemostlyfrompigstomach.

Rennet Anenzymetakenfromthestomachofanewlykilledcalfandusedinthecheesemakingprocess.Usuallynotlabelled.Canalsobevegetablebased.Vegetariancheeseisproducedusingmicrobialfungalenzymes.

Shortening Canbesourcedfromanimalfatsorvegetableoils.Vegetableshorteningmaycontain8090%vegetableoiland1020%animalfats.Onlabelsthismayonlybereflectedasvegetableoil.Tobesure,lookfor100%vegetableoil,orpurevegetableshortening.

StearicAcid(570) Usedasabinderinfoods.Commerciallyobtainedfromplantsources,althoughtheuseofanimalfat(includingporkandbeef)cannotbeexcluded.

LastUpdated:9ndOctober,2010

Suet Hardbeeffat,sourcedfromaroundthekidneys.SuetisHaramunlessspecificallyfromaHalalslaughterhouse.Usuallypurchasedatabutcher.

Tablets,Vitimins SometabletsmaycontainGelatineasa &Medicines bondingagentandmostcontain

MagnesiumStearate(572).

Tallow Animalfat,usuallybeef.Fatmelteddownforuseincertainproductssuchasfrozenchipsforfrying.Alsousedforcandles,soap,etc.

Urea Ureaoccursnaturallyinurine&insomemouldsandfungi.

BUTHeelBalmswhichcontainchemicallysynthesisedureaareOK.

VanillaExtract Theflavourextractedfromthevanillabean,butcommonlydissolvedinalcohol.

VitaminD3 Obtainedfromwoolfat.Halal,ifsourcedfromwoolshearedfromlivesheep.

Whey Thewaterypartofmilkthatseparatesfromthecurd(solidcomponent).IfLacticAcidisusediscurdlethemilk,mostlikelyHalal.Ifananimalsourcedenzyme(suchasrennet)isused,theWheywillbeHaram(SeeRennetformoreinformation).Onlytheproducercanprovidetheinformationonthestatusoftheseproducts.

LastUpdated:9ndOctober,2010

Medical/PharmaceuticalTerms

Bovine Frombeef,cow,cattle.

Caprine Fromgoats.

Ovine Fromsheep.

Porcine Frompig.

Humanserum Themostabundantproteininhuman albumin bloodplasma.Usedtomanufacturesome

vaccines.

MRC5Human Cellsusedfromabortedhumanfoetus. diploidcells Usedtomanufacturesomevaccines.

LastUpdated:9ndOctober,2010

HalalCertificationisnotalwaysaguaranteeforHalalingredients

Vegans, Muslims, and other people avoiding animal products,shouldboycottallproductswhere ingredientsarenotspecificallylistedasplantbased,i.e.evenifthereisaHalalcertification.

The product should not be purchased unless each additive isspecifically listed as vegetable base, ie. 472 (vegetable origin),Lecithin (Soy), etc. In Australia, the penalty for breach of FoodStandardsLawsisAUS$40,000foranindividualandAUS$200,000foracorporation.

Iftheingredientsarenotlistedasallvegetablebased,thenthereis NIL compulsion by Australian Law to use vegetablebasedingredients. The manufacturer may substitute or change theingredientstoanimalbasedwithoutpenaltyorprosecution.

Therefore,allmanufactureswrittenorverbalpromiseshavenovalue(andareonlyapromiseatthatcurrenttime).

ForacompleteFoodAdditivesList(AlphabeticalandNumerical)refertotheAdditiveFoodStandardsforAustraliaandNew

ZealandWebsite

http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/foodmatters/foodadditives.cfm

NONHALAL and DOUBTFUL Food Additives(For Australia)Doubtful and Haram Food Additives and products often listed by name without an Additive CodeForward by Professor R. A. EdwardsINTRODUCTIONThe labelling of packaged foodsIngredientsWhat are Food Additive Code numbers?What is a food additive?Are additives necessary?Typical labelsDate markingNutrition informationDietary guidelines for AustraliansHyperactivity in children

HOW TO USE THIS BOOKFOOD ADDITIVES - their code numbers, sources, functions, effects, acceptable daily intakes (A.D.I.), and typical products in which they are found100 - 181 Colours200 - 297 Preservatives and some food acids300 - 381 Antioxidants, some food acids and mineral salts400 - 492 Vegetable gums, emulsifiers, some anti-caking agents, humectants, and mineral salts500 - 579 More mineral salts and anti-caking agents620 - 637 Flavour enhancers900 - 1202 Miscellaneous additives including bleaching agents, flour treatment agents, and propellants1400 - 1500 Thickeners1505 - 1520 More miscellaneous additives

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ADDITIVES AND THEIR CODE NUMBERSFOOD ADDTIVE CLASS NAMES APPROVED IN AUSTRALIAAppendix I Food legislation in AustraliaAppendix II The regulation of food additives in AustraliaAppendix III Colourings and flavouringsGlossary of Additive TermsReferencesBibliographyResource list of organisations for asthma, allergies, and hyperactivityPossible Non-Halel Food Additives