19671 BOOKS IN REVIEW 241

Books in Review . . Jewel Bellush, Editor

Federalism AMERICAN FEDERALISM : A View From

the States. By Daniel J . Elazar. Thomas Y. Crowell, 201 Park Avenue South, New York, 1966. xii, 228 pp. $2.50 (paperback).

Those concerned with state and local governments cannot possibly voice any nostalgia for the good old days, for these fields of scholarship were characterized by heavily legalistic texts, undigestible articles and dull school curricula. Re- cently, more political scientists, and among them a small breed of creative thinkers, have discovered the rich oppor- tunities of state and local governments as laboratories for comparative studies. Daniel Elazar’s book fits into this mold. What he has attempted here is to classify states as civic cultures (A la Verba and Almond), and, depending on what consti- tutes a state’s (or for that matter a city’s) civic culture, the consequences for the structure and operation of the political system and the shape and content of its policies. For years, this reviewer has tried to understand why such close neighbors as New York and New Jersey constitute such different happenings. Elazar’s an- swer is I, T and M.

I represents individualism-a political order rooted in the marketplace in which the basic public relationships flow from bargaining among individuals and groups acting out of personal interests. M constitutes the moralistic political

culture which highlights the public weal and the common good.

T stands for traditionalistic political culture which emerges from the tensions or perhaps uncertainties between both of the above. While this culture accepts a positive state, it is still trying to confine its role to maintaining the social order run by an elite of “right” families.

Which of these political cultures char- acterizes a state, influences the kind of

system it is and the public programs it projects? As with all classification schemes, we never find a “pure” type. Nevertheless, the author does stimulate new possibilities for empirical research such as the relationship between a state’s political culture and voting behavior, na- tional policy, urban issues, etc.

Finally, to those still crying that cen- tralization is destroying state govern- ments, the findings in this book reveal that states continue to play an unquestionably important role in the American system: “Practically speaking, the legislatures ex- ercise the same legal or formal controls over most federally aided programs as they do over those financed exclusively by the state.”

Additional Books and Pamphlets

(See ah- Researehefa Digest and other departments)

Congress

LABOR LOOKS AT THE 8 9 ~ ~ CONGRESS. AFL-CIO Department of Legislation, 815 Sixteenth Street N. W., Washington, D. C. 20006, November 1966. 92 pp.

Constitutions WASHINGTON STATE CONSTITUTION-

STUMBLING BLOCK OR STEPPING STONE? Proceedings of the Thirty-First Annual Summer Institute of Governmefit, 1966. Bureau of Governmental Research and Services, University of Washington, Seattle 98105, November 1966. 79 pp. $2.00.

County Government BALTIMORE COUNTY APPOINTED OFFI-

CIALS. Commission on Governmental Efficiency and Economy, 900 Mercantile Trust Building, Baltimore, January 1967. 30 pp. Charts.

242 NATIONAL CIVIC REVIEW [April

Metropolitan Areas SELECTING POLICIES FOR METROPOLITAN

GROWTH. Joint Program, 220 Griggs- Midway Building, St. Paul, Minnesota 55104. January 1967. 40 pp. Illus.

Municipal Government IDEAS FOR A BETTER CITY. Edited by

Mary Bush. Municipal Technical Ad- visory Service, University of Tennessee, in cooperation with the Tennessee Munici- pal League, 226 Capitol Boulevard, Nash- ville, January 1967. 27 pp. $1.00.

WASHINGTON MUNICIPAL DATA BOOK. Bureau of Governmental Research and Services, University of Washington, Seat- tle 98105, November 1966. 65 pp. Tables.

Municipal Incorporation ERWIN, NORTH CAROLINA. A Report to

the Community on Incorporation. By Lee Quaintance and Warren Jake Wicker. Institute of Government, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, November 1966. 67 pp. Maps, charts.

Ombudsman OMBUDSMAN PROPOSALS : Stimzllzls to

Inquiry. By Stanley V. Anderson. Public Affairs Report, Institute of Governmental Studies, University of California, Berke- ley 94720, December 1966. 4 pp.

Personnel PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION IN GEOR-

GIA STATE GOVERNMENT. Governor’s Com- mission for Efficiency and Improvement in Government, Atlanta, 1966. 106 pp. Tables.

Planning GOALS FOR CONNECTICUT. Connecticut

Interregional Planning Program, Hart- ford, 1966. 42 pp. Illus.

THE LOWER HUDSON. A Report of the Second Regional Plan. Edited by William B. Shore. Regional Plan Associa- tion, 230 West 41st Street, New York 10036, December 1966. 78 pp. Illus.

Transportation THE URBAN TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM.

By John W. Sandfort. Woodbury County Tax Research Conference, 624 Insurance Exchange Building, Sioux City, Iowa 51101, January 1967. 173 pp. Charts, tables.

Urban Development and Renewal URBAN RENEWAL AND AMERICAN

CITIES. The Dilemma of Democratic In- tervention. By Scott Greer. Bobbs-Mer- rill Company, New York, 1965. xi$ 201

WHO DESIGNS AMERICA? The Ameri- can Civilization Conference at Princeton. Edited by Laurence B. Holland. Double- day and Company, 277 Park Avenue, New York 10017, 1966. 357 pp. $1.45.

Urbanization THE URBAN NATION 1920-1960. By

George E. Mowry. Hill and Wang, 141 Fifth Avenue, New York 10010. x, 278

pp. $1.95.

pp. $5.00.

Water THE BIG WATER FIGHT. Trials and

Triumphs in Cifizen Action on Problems of Supply, Pollution, Floods, and Plan- ning Across the U. S. A. League of Women Voters Education Fund. The Stephen Greene Press, Brattleboro, Ver- mont, 1966. ix, 246 pp. $6.95.

Water Pollution A CONSIDERATION OF FEDERAL FINAN-

CIAL INCENTIVES TO INDUSTRY FOR ABAT- ING WATER POLLUTION. Current Review of Water Resources, League of Women Voters of the United States, 1200 Seven- teenth Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 20036, August 1966. 20 pp. 50 cents.

LEGISLATIVE ANALYSIS-THE WATER POLLUTION CONTROL BILL American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Re- search, 1200 Seventeenth Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 20036, July 1%. 38 pp. $1.00.