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A S u s t a i n a b l e A p p r o a c h t o M o d e r n C o a t i n g T e c h n o l o g y.
Addi�ves and Heat Stabilizer for PVC Plas�sol
A Sustainable Approach to Modern Coating Technology
Patcham FZC is a well-established manufacturer of specialty addi�ves headquartered in the United Arab Emirates. Since its incep�on, Patcham has steadily grown into a leading supplier of specialty addi�ves for Paint & Coa�ngs, Ink, PVC and Composite industries.
The company’s Pat-Add range of coa�ng addi�ves includes we�ng & dispersing agents, defoam-ers, slip & leveling agents, rheology modifiers. Whilst keeping focus on environmental sustainabil-ity, the company produces products using green raw materials that are APEO free and have low or no VOC.
These products are mul� func�onal and mul� compa�ble, which simplifies the produc�on pro-cess, reduces the chance of errors and minimizes inventory thus improving cost effec�veness.
Patcham has built a strong manufacturing and R&D infrastructure that enables the rapid transi-�on from concept to products. The company has strategically located technical service laborato-ries, offices and representa�ves around the world to provide the most efficient customer service. In addi�on, a well-developed robust supply chain network enables it to deliver its products and services to customers around the globe with minimal lead-�me.
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Introduc�on
Plas�sols
Applica�ons
Issues
Patcham Addi�ves We�ng and Dispersing Agents
Deaerators
Patcham Addi�ves Heat Stabilizers
Kickers
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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IntroductionWhat is a Plas�sol?
PVC Plas�sol are liquid dispersion systems of polyvinyl chlo-ride and PVC copolymer resin in compa�ble plas�cizers. The liquids may vary from viscosity from thin milk-like fluids to heavy pastes that have the consistency of molasses.
Figure 1. Color Master Paste of Plastisol
Figure 2. Various Applications of Plastisols
Applica�on
The range of plas�sol applica�ons is extremely wide, and so is the variety of produc�on methods.
Plas�sol products include the following:
• Ar�ficial leather (e.g. gloves, boots)• Automo�ve ar�ficial leather• Dipped goods and dip coa�ngs (e.g. tool handholds, bar ends)• Toys (e.g. dolls, balls, toy, animals, anatomic models for educa�on)
• Floorings • Wall coverings • Roofing membranes • Carpet backing and heavy weight coa�ngs • Conveyor belts
Main Ingredients
PVC Resin
Plas�cizers
Addi�ve
Fillers
Solvents
Heat Stabilizers & Kickers
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IntroductionIssues
Figure 3. Long dispersion time
Raw Materials - Issues
• Long dispersion �me• Pigment streaks/Incomplete we�ng• Flooding and floa�ng of colorants• Storage stability
Rheology Factors - Issues
• High viscosity• Poor air release due to pseudoplas�c rheology Applica�on - Issues
• Pinholes • Air entrapment• Shade varia�ons• Low produc�on yield
Figure 5. Incomplete wetting/High viscosityFigure 4. Air entrapment
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Patcham AdditivesWe�ng and dispersing addi�ves
In dispersion of par�cles in plas�cizer, there are deficiencies that need to be corrected through the use of addi�ves. High viscosity, long disper-sion �me, flooding and unstable pigment concentrates are some of the issues related to we�ng and dispersion (Figure 3 and 4).
Introduc�on of energy by the use of machines through high shear will break down agglomerat-ed par�cles into its individual par�cles. If these individual par�cles are not fully stabilized, the finely distributed par�cles reagglomerate and form flocculates (Figure 6).
Pat-Add we�ng and dispersing addi�ves stabi-lize the dispersed par�cles by adsorbing onto the surface of pigments or filler par�cles. Elec-trosta�c repulsion or steric hindrance (Figure 7) will govern on the stabiliza�on of individual par�cles of pigments/fillers.
For the specific applica�on, it is recommended that compa�bility with the plas�cizer should be considered for selec�ng the best addi�ve that will be u�lized.
Figure 7. Stabilization of dispersed particles
• Higher pigment loading with constant viscosity• Shorter dispersion �me• Excellent we�ng of pigments and fillers• Improved flow behavior• Increase product yield• Improved color homogeneity• Longer storage stability of dispersions
Advantages of Pat-Add We�ng and Dispersing Addi�ves:
Figure 6. Wetting and dispersing process
Wetting agents
Dispersing medium
Right beaker:with wetting agent,flowable mill base
Good wetting (adjusting surface tension liquid phase, through wetting agent):
enabling high pigment solidslow mill base viscosityhigh milling efficiency
Entrapped airAgglomerates
Particle covered withwetting agent
Thickness adsorption layer preventing agglomeration...
Higher volume contributes to ticker adsorbed layer, preventingattractive forces to dominate stabilizing forces: stable dispersion!
Pigment Stabilization ofHMV Polymer
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Patcham AdditivesPat-Add DA 815
A mul�-purpose solvent-free we�ng and dispersing addi�ve for PVC plas�sol and thermoplas�cs. Its electroneutral composi�on enables it to stabilize organic and inorganic pigments, par�cularly carbon blacks.
Par�cularly suitable for the produc�on of PVC Colo-rants/ Color Master paste for PVC. Pat-Add DA 815 creates a Newtonian behavior of the material by reducing viscosity.
Table 1. Guide formulation with Pat-Add DA 815
Raw Materials
Yellow Iron
Oxide
Phthalo Blue
Carmine Red
CI Number PY 42 PB 15:3 PR 122
DOP 33.0 64.0 64.0
Pat-Add DA 815 2.0 14.0 14.0
Pigment 65.0 22.0 22.0
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0
Figure 8. Newtonian viscosity of Pat-Add DA 815
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Patcham AdditivesPat-Add DA 948
Pat-Add DA 948 is a High Molar Volume polymer, 100% ac�ve dispersing agent for use in plas�sol pigment concentrates. The product is specially designed for use in EP- and PUR flooring systems based on polyols, UPR (unsaturated polyester)
Table 2. Color master paste guide formulation with Pat-Add DA 948
Ingredients White R-902 SP.Black 4 PB 15:4 PR 112 PY 83
DOP 23.20 55.00 55.00 60.00 65.00
Addi�ve 1.80 10.00 7.50 6.00 4.00 Pigment 75.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 20.00
DOP 0.00 5.00 7.50 4.00 11.00
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
% SOP 2.40 33.30 25.00 20.00 20.00
Figure 10. Actual appearance of color master with Pat-Add DA 948
Viscosity a�er one week stability at room temperature
Pat-Add DA 948 Reference
21041950 1840 1980
1692 17511440
1841
1428
TiO2 Special Black 4 PB 15:4 PY 83 PR 112
1498
Applied Pat-Add DA 948 Plas�sol Colorants Pat-Add DA 948 Plas�sol Colorants
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Patcham AdditivesPat-Add DA 2025
Pat-Add DA 2025 is a we�ng and dispersing agent for use in PVC plas�sol.
Pat-Add DA 2025 is most effec�ve for main inorganic pigments, including �tanium dioxide as well as extend-ers. Also for blowing agents such as ADC and zinc oxide.
Figure 11. Pigment wetting of Pat-Add DA 2025
Figure 12. Pat-Add DA 2025 in three-roll mill
Figure 13 shows Pat-Add DA 2025 will allow higher �ller loading without high viscosity build up. This will enable the formulator to make highly �lled plastisol without compromising work ability of the paste.
Reference Pat-Add DA 2025
Reference Pat-Add DA 2025
Raw Materials Parts by weight
DOP 50.00
ADC Powder 50.00
Pat-Add DA 2025 0.25
Total 100.25
Table 3. Guide formulation with Pat-Add DA 2025
13000
12000
11000
9000
8000
7000
6000
0.00 1.00 1.75 2.25
phr Pat-Add DA 2025
Viscosity
Visc
osity
Filler Loading
10000
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
Fille
r Loa
ding
Viscosity Depressant Profile
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Patcham AdditivesDeaerators
Pat-Add AF 5103
Pat-Add AF 5103 is a green bio based addi�ve used as air release and de-airing agent. Pat-Add AF 5103 removes entrapped air in plas�sol prepara�ons and eliminates surface defects of cured plas�sol ar�cles.
Key benefits of Pat-Add AF 5103:
• Remove entrapped air during plas�sol prepara�ons.
• Avoid surface defects like pin holes.
• A�ain smooth finish.
• Work with higher volumes more easily.
• No adverse effect in foam applica�ons.
Performance of Pat-Add AF 5103
Blank Pat-Add AF 5103
On mixing After 48 hours
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
% A
ir Tr
ap
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Patcham AdditivesPat-Add DA 7006
Reduc�on of surface resistance
Red
uctio
n in
%
phr Filler
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
3075 100 120 130 140 145 150
Higher filler load at constant viscosity
Fille
r con
tent
phr
phr Pat-Add DA 7006
150
135
120
105
90
751 2 3 4 5 6 Blank
Pat-Add DA 7006 is a medium vola�le viscosity depressant for PVC plas�sols. It keeps the plas�sol mass workable over long period of storage and prevents viscosity build up. It also allows incorporat-ing more filler by keeping same viscosity of the PVC plas�sols.
Main benefits are: • High filler loading with constant viscosity
• Extremely effec�ve for filler we�ng
• Provides excellent stability of PVC plas�sols without any sedimenta�on
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Patcham Additives (PVC Heat Stabilizer)
PVC resin needs rela�vely high processing temperatures
Resin suffers heat degrada�on at the lower temperature than processing temperature
Results in loss of proper�es
Mechanical
Colour
Issues
Heat Stabilizers
Kickers
Patstab 701 (Fast)Patstab702 (Medium)
Patstab 321K ( Medium/ Fast)
Patstab 419K ( Medium)
Kicker Potassium / Zinc
Kicker Barium / Zinc
Kicker Calcium/ Zinc
Phenol free
Type Grade
Barium / Zinc
Patstab 301 Low phenol, Nonylphenyl free Patstab 303
Patstab 307 Patstab 324 --- Patstab 355 SF PTBBA, 2-EHA free
Calcium / Zinc
Patstab 404
PTBBA, 2-EHA free Patstab 405
Patstab 411
Patstab 410 PTBBA, 2-EHA free phenol
free
Patstab 401
--- Patstab 409
Patstab 415
Nonylphenyl free
Notes
Notes
Notes
www.patchamltd.com
PATCHAM (FZC)
P.O. Box: 7753,Saif Zone, Sharjah, UAETel: +971-6-5570035Fax: +971-6-5570038Email: [email protected]
PATCHAM INDIA
B-52, Pravasi Industrial EstateVishweshwar Nagar, Off Aarey RoadGoregoan (E), Mumbai - 400 063 (India)Tel: +91-22-29272471
PATCHAM EUROPE BV
Klavermaten 65-1 7472 DD GoorNetherlandsEmail: [email protected]
PATCHAM USA LLC
10 Commerce RoadFairfield, New Jersey – 07004Tel: (201) 293-4282Fax: (201) 820-0818Email: [email protected]
The information given in this booklet is intended for technical guidance without obligation. Ver. 1.1
