ADB and Inclusive SanitationWebinar 1: Taking a Fresh Look at How we Fix Sanitation

Norio SaitoDirector, Urban Development and Water Division, SARD (SAUW)

Asian Development Bank

The views expressed in this presentation are the views of the author/s and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this presentation and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The countries listed in this presentation do not imply any view on ADB’s part as to sovereignty or independent status or necessarily conform to ADB’s terminology.

Southeast Asia $637 million

(3.3 million people)

East Asia$1,572 million

(26.1 million people)

South Asia$1,902 million

(16.4 million people)

Central and West Asia$729 million

(4 million people)

Pacific $68 million

(0.23 million people)

ADB Investments in Sanitation(in $ Million)

Sanitation investments equal 21% of total water portfolio.

Based on committed loans (2011–2020):Total Water Portfolio: $23.6 BillionTotal Sanitation Portfolio: $4.9 Billion= 50.03 Million People

Historical sanitation “fixes” were mostly on sewered/piped systems

13%

3%

1%

4%

5%

6%

10%

3%

9%

11%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

ADB Sanitation Investments

189.47

443.11 635.97

314.39

525.07 535.59

301.33

794.47

246.92

…

28.74

12.51

7.09

12.03

29.97 33.68

33.02

24.56

23.53

79.83

-

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

($ m

illio

n)

Sewered Nonsewered

218.21

455.62

643.06

326.42

555.04569.27

334.36

819.03

270.45

716.99

ADB Non-sewered Sanitation Investments

Changing trends in investment landscape towards a more inclusive approach including non-sewered sanitation systems

Cumulative ADB investments in non-sewered sanitation systems and FSM since 2011 ($ million)

* Number of beneficiaries of sanitation investments committed by ADBbetween 2011-2020 which include both sewered and non-sewered sanitationsystems ($ 1.12 bn)

Investment Programs

• Total of $284.96 million investments (e.g., $2M grant component of Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Program)

• Supporting development of investment projects with most suitable holistic approach which includes non-networked systems

Piloting New Technologies

• Installing improved toilets and septic tanks in rural Mongolia, introducing desludging services for the first time

• Piloting solar septic tank in Cambodia• Piloting new toilet technology in

boathouses in Ton Le Sap Lake, Cambodia

Building Operators’ Capacity

• FSM-focused Water Operators Partnerships (WOPs) Programs in:

• 4 small towns in Nepal • 3 coastal towns in Bangladesh• Ger areas in Mongolia

Developing Policies and Standards

• Enacted Institutional and Regulatory Framework for Fecal Sludge Management in Small Towns in Nepal, 2017

• Developed Rajasthan state FSM Policy and Implementation Guideline, 2017• Formed the National Sanitation Group in Mongolia – ongoing dialogues to prepare

policies in FSM• Ongoing treated sludge initiatives in PRC, Mongolia and the Philippines• Support to the PRC Rural Revitalization program• Ongoing discussions in PNG for inclusion of FSM in investment pipeline

Improving Institutional Awareness

• Supporting knowledge sharing events such as trainings, master classes, FSM planning and dialogues

Five-pronged approach has been very effective in increasing non-networked investments

Critical improvements made towards citywide inclusive sanitation (CWIS) investments• Data-based system

optioneering

• Conscious inclusion and accounting of women and non-urban beneficiaries

• “Checklisting” what CWIS elements can be applied

South Asia projects incorporating CWIS

*ADB’s loan amount is indicated for ongoing projects. loan amount of pipeline projects TBD

Ongoing

• Third Urban Governance and Infrastructure Improvement Project (UGIIP-3) (original and additional financing) ($325M)

• Khulna Sewerage System Development Project ($160M)

Pipeline*

• Second Coastal towns Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project (2022)

• Integrated Urban Development Project (UGIIP-4) (2023)

Pipeline*

• Integrated water supply and sewage management Project (2023)

Ongoing

• Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Project ($270M)

• Rajasthan Secondary Towns Development Sector Project($300M)

Pipeline*

• Uttarakhand Integrated Urban Development Project (2021)

BANGLADESH NEPAL INDIA

BAN: Khulna Sewerage System Development Project

New Technologies

• Introduce the latest process method (e.g SBR) and 1.3-megawatt solar power system• Establish SCADA and a comprehensive GIS database linked with a computerized hydraulic model

Project Period

Nov 2020 – Dec 2027 (7 years)

Implementing Agency

Khulna Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (KWASA)

Investment • City-wide inclusive sanitation - establish both centralized sewerage system and FSTP

- two STPs (80 MLD), 269 km sewer network, and 27,000 property-level sewer connections- one FSTP (160 KLD), with KCC undertaking collection and transportation to the site, and KWASA

managing treatment

Scaling upCWIS

• ADB TA – Develop FSM master plan and/or strategic action plan in collaboration with BMGF

• Ensuing ADB investments – Expand sewer coverage and on-site sanitation

Building Capacity

• Enhance institutional capacity on sewerage services, including training programs and project management, facility-specific O&M manual and SCADA system

Amount and modality

TOTAL - $275 million

- ADB - $160 million- Government – $115 million

* ADB’s first intervention in Bangladesh’s sewerage sector.

Notes: BMGF = Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, CWIS = city-wide inclusive sanitation; FSM =fecal sludge management; FSTP = fecal sludge treatment plan; GIS = Geographicinformation system; KCC = Khulna City Corporation; KLD = kiloliters per day; KWASA =Khulna Water Supply and Sewerage Authority; MLD = million liters per day; O&M =operation and maintenance; PPP = Public-Private Partnership; SBR = sequential batchreactors; SCADA = supervisory control and data acquisition; STP = sewage treatment plan.

Developing Standards

• Formulate new sewerage tariff• Introduce at least 2 project proposals using PPP modality

Improving Awareness

• Develop sustainable and inclusive sanitation plan • Conduct sanitation and hygiene-awareness campaign

India – Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Project

TOWARDS MODEL CWIS TOWN – RAJNAGAR MUNICIPALITY

OP4 OP6 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP5

Strategy: Planning non-sewered

sanitation solutions for the

excluded areas

100%64%0%

Thank you!