AdaLovelaceandBernoullinumbersAugustaAdaKing-Noel,CountessofLovelace(néeByron;10December1815–27November1852)wasanEnglishmathema?cianandwriter,chieflyknownforherworkonCharlesBabbage'sAnaly?calEngine.Hernotesontheengineincludewhatisrecognisedasthefirstalgorithmintendedtobecarriedoutbyamachine.

Asaresult,sheisoNenregardedasthefirstcomputerprogrammer

@suedepom

BackgroundBornAugustaAdaByronin1815,theonlylegi?matechildofLordGeorgeGordonNoelByronandhiswifeAnneIsabella(Annabella)Milbanke

Lady Caroline Lamb

Claire Claremont Countess Teresa Guiccioli

Augusta Byron

Lady Byron left her husband when Ada was eight weeks old.

Growingup

Ø  Isabellawasdeterminedtopreventherdaughterfromdevelopingpoe?ctendenciesandfocussedhereduca?ononmathema?cs

Ø  Adahadanap?tudeformathsandhadseveraltutors,includingMarySomerville

Ø  Shemarried,hadthreechildreninquicksuccessionØ  Withinafewmonthsofthebirthofherthirdchildin1839,Adadecidedtogetmoreseriousaboutmathema?csagain.

Ø  BabbagesuggestedhisfriendAugustusdeMorgan,professorofmathema?csatUniversityCollegeLondonandnotedlogician.

CharlesBabbage(theBrianCoxofhisday)

Ø  BornDec26th1791Ø  1828–1839LucasianProfessorofMathema?csCambridge

Ø  1822DifferenceEngineØ  1833metAdaByronwhenshewentwithhermothertoseewhatshecalledhis“thinkingmachine”apor?onofhisdifferenceengineondisplayinhisdrawingroom.

Ø  1834Analy?calEngineØ  1871died

Thefirstcomputerprogramme

Ø  In1840BabbagespokeabouthisAnaly?calEngineataconferenceinTurinin1840

Ø  LuigiMenabreapublishedapaper“SketchoftheAnaly0calEngineInventedbyCharlesBabbage,Esq.”

Ø  BabbageaskedAdatotranslatethepaperandaddsomenotes;hernotesendedupbeingthree?mesaslongastheoriginalar?cleandincludedthefirstpublisheddescrip?onofastepbystepsequenceofopera?onsforsolvingmathema?calproblems

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Bernoullinumbers

Bernoullinumbers

Ø  RamanujanwroteabouttheminhisfirstpaperfortheIndianMathema?calSociety

Ø  TheBernoullinumbersalsoappearinthe§  Taylorseriesexpansionsoftanandtanh§  Euler–Maclaurinformula§  expressionsforcertainvaluesoftheRiemannzetafunc?on.

Ø  Thegenera?ngfunc?onistheexponen?alfunc?onØ  Theycanalsobedefinedbyacontourintegral

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Dialogue

Ø  A.L.L.“IwanttoputinBernoulli’snumberstoshowanimplicitfunc?oncanbeworkedoutbytheenginewithouthumanhead&handsfirst.Givemethenecessaryformulae.”

Ø  C.B.“Thisshesentbacktome...havingdetectedagravemistakewhichIhadmade....”

Ø  A.L.L.“Table&Diagramareseriouslywrong.Ihavedonethemoverinabeau?fulmanner,muchimproved.”

Ref: http://www.fourmilab.ch/babbage/sketch.html

Thefirstprogramme

Ø  TheSinceprogramminglanguageshadnotbeeninvented,LovelacehadtoexpressthisintermsofthewaytheJacquardloomworked.“TheAnaly0calengineweavesalgebraicpaBernsjustastheJacquardloomweavesflowersandleaves”

Ø  InhernotesonAdapointsoutthatboththeJacquardloomandtheAnaly?calEnginehadtheabilitytoautoma?callybackupthecardsequenceandtherebyrepeataseriesofinstruc?onsinwhatwouldnowbecalleda"loop“

WhatAdadidnextØ  Shecon?nuedtocommunicatewithBabbageaboutmathema?cs

Ø  Wroteapaperonusingdatatomodeltheeffectoflightonplantgrowthtoimproveagriculturalproduc?onwithherhusband.

Ø  Inthe1840shewasveryunwellwith,whattheylaterdiscoveredwasuterinecancer.

Ø  ShewasprescribedLaudnumandmorphine.Duetotheeffectsthatthedrugshadonhersystem,shealsobecameinterestedintheimpactofchemicalsonthemind

DeathandlegacyØ  AdadiedfromuterinecancerinLondononNovember27,1852.

Ø  ShewasburiednexttoherfatherinattheChurchofSt.MaryMagdaleneinHucknall

Ø  Sheresurfacesandcomestoprominenceinthe20thCenturywhenAlanTuringreferredtoherinseveralcontextsincludingaradiobroadcast“LetusreconsiderLadyLovelace’sdictat‘Itcandowhateverweknowhowtoorderittoperform’…”

AdaLovelace1815-1852