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Active Support: :Using Person Centered Planning Approaches

Robin G. Greenfield, Ph.D.Center on Disabilities and Human DevelopmentUniversity of Idaho, Boise

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Agenda

Origins of PCP Old and New Ways of Thinking Distinctive Methods A Toolbox of PCP Strategies Examples of PCP Plans Questions and Answers

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Person Centered Planning Person Centered Planning (PCP) is an

ongoing problem solving process, involving a committed team of family members, friends, and service providers who focus on the present and future of an individual with a disability. Planning is characterized by a process that describes the capacities, interests, and opportunities of people and their communities to create social supports, employment, housing, and recreational activities.

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A little background…

1973 - 1986 Communities of practice A family of approaches Common characteristics – 1)

people first; 2) ordinary language; 3)search for gifts/capacities; 4) strengthen the voices of people

Normalization

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Old and New Ways of Thinking

* Labels * People first

* Deficits * Capacities

* Tests * Getting to know a person

* Professionals * Person, family, direct service

* Human services * Community

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Contrasting Ways of Understanding James

A person with a mental age of 4 years, 3 months or…A 25 year old man who has missed most typical experiences and has never had a real job

A person with a IQ of 30 or….A person who has been isolated his whole life

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James is…

A person who is severely mentally

retarded or… A person who has no contacts or connections to the

wider community. A person with acute temper flare-

ups directed at staff or…A person who has little control over the

direction of his life.

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Distinctive Methods

Personal Futures Planning Maps New Hats Discovery

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Common Features

Driven by person/preferences Person is an active participant Vision based on capacities Opportunities to expand vision Informal and formal knowledge Collaborative teamwork Commitment to action Flexible and dynamic

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Personal Futures Planning (Mount, 1988)

Development of “maps” Focus on adults Personal profile of person’s life Individual, family, friends, service

providers Facilitator/Recorder Action Plans Ongoing planning meetings

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Basic Frameworks

Relationship Map Places Map Background Map Preferences Map Dreams Map Hopes and Fears Choices, Health, Respect Maps

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MAPS (Forest & Lusthaus, 1989)

Making Action Plans formerly known as McGill Action Planning System

Focus on school inclusion Student, family, friends, past and

present teachers, other people who know the student well

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Questions ????

What is the child’s history? What is your dream for child? What is your nightmare for child? Who is the child? What are the child’s strengths,

gifts, and abilities? What are the child’s needs? What would an ideal day at school

look like? How does it happen?

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New Hats (Curtis & Dezelsky, 1996)

Communicating dreams Dream cards Hat cards My Life Questions My Favorite Day Lifestyle and Routine Preferences Lifestyle Map

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Discovery (Callahan & Garner,1997)

Create a vocational profile Observations, interviews Family, school, community Alternative to traditional evaluation Use the interests and abilities to

design “customized employment” “ Learn by watching”

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Tools of Discovery

Time together Conversation Observation – using “behaviors” Interview Participation in familiar routines Participation in novel routines Review of records

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Basic Steps of an Effective Planning Process

Clear and share appreciation of the gifts/skills of the focus person

Common focus on the future Regular brainstorming/commitment One person is the champion of the

dream One agency/organization is

committed to the plan

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Things To Think About

“The answers to our questions lie just outside the fences we build around our thinking” Ben Bruse

“Diseases always attack people whey are exposed to change”

Herodotus

513 B.C.

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A few more things

People don’t resist change; they resist being changed

“The more things change, the more they stay the same.”

Seymour Sarason