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Active and Passive Verbs/Voice
With a little help from the animals of Madagascar
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gjLc0MwjUrE
The dog was chewing the shoe.
The dog was chewing the shoe.
Circle the subject in this sentence.
The dog was chewing the shoe.
That’s right – the dog is the subject in this sentence.
The dog was chewing the shoe.
Now, find the verb and put a box around it.
The dog was chewing the shoe.
Have you drawn the box in the right place? Why is the box round both was and
chewing?
The dog was actively chewing the shoe!
So this is an
sentence.
How could we change this sentence around?
The shoe was being chewed by the dog.
How have we changed this sentence around?
The shoe was being chewed by the dog.
Now circle the subject in this sentence.
The shoe was being chewed by the dog.
The shoe is now the subject of this sentence.
The shoe was being chewed by the dog.
Where is the verb in this sentence? Draw a rectangle around the verb.
The shoe was being chewed by the dog.
Did you get it right? What is happening to the shoe?
The shoe was being chewed by the dog.
This is a sentence. The subject-the shoe
is not doing anything, it is ‘passively’ having something done to it. It is being chewed!
Is this sentence active or passive?
Sarah was drawing a picture.
Sarah was drawing an picture.
That’s right! This sentence is active. Sarah is actively drawing
the picture.
The window was broken by Kelly.
Is this sentence active or passive?
The window was broken by Kelly.
Well done! This sentence is passive. The subject of the sentence is the window. The window had something done to it – Kelly
broke it!
Subject and Action• Marty jumped over the fence.• Marty ate the apple.
• Subject: The object that the verb is primarily concerned with.
• Action/Verb: the thing that is being done.
• Subject comes before the verb and object in an ACTIVE sentence.
• Subject (S), Verb (V), Object (O)
Object
• The apple had been eaten by Melman.
• The fence was jumped over by Melman.
• Object becomes the initiator and cause of an action/ the one doing the action.
• As a general rule the object switches with the subject in PASSIVE sentences, so the object becomes the subject and the original subject becomes an agent which has the verb done to it.
• Subject (S), Verb (V), Object (O).
Active Verb/Voice
• In active voice sentences the subject does the action. e.g. Gloria walked across the tightrope.
• The active voice is strong, uses fewer words and clearly shows who has performed the action.
• The subject normally comes at the start.
Passive Verb/Voice
• In passive voice sentences the action is done to the original subject by an object. e.g. The tightrope was walked across by Gloria.
• The passive voice is weaker and less direct. It is not incorrect to use it though.
• It usually uses more words.• The original subject usually
moves to after the verb and becomes the object/agent receiving the action.
• The original object moves to before the verb and becomes the subject.
• The verb has a word like ‘was’ or ‘were’ added to it and the word ‘by’ to show who did the action.
Alex chased after Marty.
The penguins saved the Madagascar animals.
King Julian was entertained by Mort.
The key was found by Melman.
The fence was broken by Marty.
Mort entertained King Julian.
The trapeze was swung from by Alex.
LO: to understand and identify the differences between the active and passive voice/verb.
• Success Criteria:• I understand what makes a sentence active.• I understand what makes a sentence passive.• I can identify whether a sentence is active or
passive.• I can turn an active sentence into a passive
sentence• I can turn a passive sentence into an active
sentence.• I have used a ruler when I have drawn
straight lines.• I have written my work neatly.
Remember!
• The subject comes before the verb in active sentences. The subject does the action.
• The action is done by an object in passive sentences. The action is done to the agent.
• The words ‘was’, ‘were’ and ‘by’ are usually in a passive sentence.
• Active sentences are usually shorter.
What Are Participles?
A participle is a word formed from a verb which can be used as an adjective.
The two types of participles are the present participle (ending ing) and the past participle (usually ending -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n).
Here are some participles being used as adjectives:
Participle Phrases
It is really common to see participles in participle phrases. A participle phrase also acts like an adjective. In the examples below, the participle phrases are shaded and the participles are in bold:
•The man carrying the bricks is my father.(The participle phrase carrying the bricks describes the the man.)
•She showed us a plate of scones crammed with cream.(The participle phrase crammed with cream describes the scones.)
•Whistling the same tune as always, Ted touched the front of his cap with his forefinger as she dismounted.(The participle phrase Whistling the same tune as always describes Ted.)
•Stunned by the blow, Mike quickly gathered his senses and searched frantically for the pepper spray.(The participle phrase Stunned by the blow describes Mike.)
Read more at http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/participles.htm#8lKB5OGr2CGhYosC.99
The Verb The Past Participle The Present Participle
To rise the risen sun the rising sunTo boil the boiled water the boiling waterTo break the broken news the breaking newsTo cook the cooked ham the cooking ham
Read more at http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/participles.htm#8lKB5OGr2CGhYosC.99
