Chapterptgmedia.pearsoncmg.com/images/0131422464/index/0131422464_… · Action class 70 action management and Struts 215 Actions 69 activation 47 ... three-part rule 9 Apache software

627

Chapter

Index

A

accessclient access, controlling 22client access, guarding a views 23client access, guarding by configuration

25restricting access to resources 88

acknowledgments xxviiiAction class 70action management and Struts 215Actions 69activation 47Adapters

Action Adapter for Web Worker 594in Web Worker 590Work Adapter for Web Worker 613

aggregation 401Alexander, Christopher

pattern definition 9pattern relationships 13three-part rule 9

Apache software license 625

APIhiding from presentation tier 80JMS and MOM 60protocol-specific, using 181SOAP with attachments 162

Application Controllerclass diagram 207Command Handler class diagram 210Command Handler sequence diagram

211Command Handler strategy 209Command Handler with CommandPro-

cessor class diagram 210consequences 238Custom SOAP Handler class diagram

230Custom SOAP Message Handling strat-

egy 230forces 205Handle class diagram 209JAX-RPC Message Handling strategy

235

Index

CJP2IOM.fm Page 627 Friday, May 16, 2003 6:00 PM

628 Index

Index

JAX-RPC sequence diagram 236Message Handling strategy 229Navigation and Flow Control strategy

223Nested Command and View sequence

diagram 216overview 131participants and responsibilities 207problem 205related patterns 239sequence diagram 207SOAP Message Handling sequence dia-

gram 231solution 205strategies 209structure 207Struts 215Transform Handler class diagram 221Transform Handler sequence diagram

222Transform Handler strategy 221View Handler class diagram 214View Handler strategy 213View Helper sequence diagram 244

Application Controller Using Command Handler strategy 591, 592

Application ServiceApplication Service class diagram 360Application Service Command alternate

sequence diagram 364Application Service Command class di-

agram 363Application Service Command class di-

agram, alternate 364Application Service Command se-

quence diagram 364Application Service GoF strategy 365Application Service Layer class dia-

gram 365Application Service Layer sequence di-

agram 366Application Service Layer strategy 365Application Service sequence diagram

362Application Service strategy 363class diagram 361

GoF Application Service class diagram 365

order system sequence diagram 368overview 133problem 357

Application Service GoF strategy 365Application Service Layer strategy 365Application Service strategy 363architectural tiers 11architecture

Christopher Alexander 9pattern framework 16

see also

micro-architecture, Web Work-er

asynchronous processingservice 60solution to enterprise beans for long-

lived transactions 60attributes

bean attributes, exposing via get/set 55HttpSession object 229servlet context 229

audience for book xxvauthentication methods 25automated workflow 581

B

bad practicesallowing duplicate form submissions 35business tier 53client aggregates data from business

components 59control code in multiple views 33entity bean dependent object graph,

storing 57entity beans, using as fine-grained ob-

jects 56entity beans, using as read-only objects

56entity beans, using for long-lived trans-

actions 60exposing all enterprise bean attributes

via get/set 55exposing EJB-related exceptions to

non-EJB clients 58exposing presentation tier data struc-

tures in business tier 34


Index 629

Index

exposing presentation tier data struc-tures in domain objects 35

exposing sensitive resources to clients 36

fat controllers 36finder methods, using for large results

set 59helpers, using as scriptlets 37integration tier 53jspsetproperty, assuming will reset bean

properties 36mapping each use case to session bean

54mapping object model to entity bean

model 53mapping relational model to entity bean

model 53presentation tier 33service lookup, embedding in clients 55stateless session bean reconstructs con-

versational state 60Bake-a-Cake workflow example 582Base Filter strategy 158Base Front strategy 179bean-managed persistence 103

entity beans and DA code 52bean-managed transaction 93beans,

see

session beans, entity beans, enter-prise beans, JavaBeans

benefits of using patterns 15best practices

entity beans and business logic 51entity beans and primary keys 50

see also

design considerationsbibliography 621Blueprints web site xxviiBMP definition 124Booch, Grady

foreword xviii

see also

Bibliography , GoFbook audience xxvbook web site xxviibusiness components

clients aggregating data from 59CMP 107

see also

business objectsbusiness data validation 381Business Delegate 55, 302

Business Delegate with Adaptor se-quence diagram 308

Business Delegate with ID sequence di-agram 306

class diagram 304consequences 308Delegate Adaptor strategy 307Delegate Proxy strategy 307forces 302, 316overview 133participants and responsibilities 304,

317problem 302refactoring using 94related patterns 313sample code 309sequence diagram 305solution 303strategies 307structure 304

Business Delegate as Helper strategy 254, 255

business delegatesdecoupling client from business tier 58definition 58

business logic 51EJB Home business methods 451entity beans, in 50extracting into helper classes 72types of entity relationships 51

business modelsconceptual and abstract models 375identifying objects 377terminology 374

Business Objectclass diagram 379consequences 385forces 375overview 134participants and responsibilities 379POJO Business Object strategy 381problem 374related patterns 388sample code 387sequence diagram 380solution 375strategies 381structure 379


630 Index

Index

business object modelsDomain Store 555terminology 374, 375

business objectsidentifying 377non-business organizations 376persistence, and 377persistence, implementing 378validation 381wrapping transfer object 390

business servicesas POJOs or EJBs 500mapping to session beans 96

business tierbad practices 53decoupling from clients with business

delegate 58design considerations 46exposing entity beans from 92exposing presentation tier data to 34overview 121pattern catalog 300patterns list 13, 123refactorings 92storing state on 48

C

Cached RowSet strategy 475caching 95

encapsulate code 95enterprise bean remote references and

handles 52POJOs and entity beans 384

cake workflow example 582can 381Candidate Interactions

sequence diagram 612workflow 611

categories of patterns 10centralizing

common logic 144control logic 64disparate logic 72

characteristics of patterns 10chocolate cake 582class diagrams

Application Controller 207

Application Controller Command Han-dler 210

Application Controller Command Han-dler with Command Processor 210

Application Controller Custom SOAP Handler strategy 230

Application Controller Handle 209Application Controller Transform Han-

dler strategy 221Application Controller View Handler

strategy 214Application Service 361Application Service Command strategy

363Application Service Command strategy,

alternate 364Application Service Layer strategy 365Business Delegate 304Business Object 379Composite Entity 394, 398Composite Entity Entity Facade 396Composite View 264Context Object 182Custom SOAP Filter strategy 162Data Access Object 463Data Access Object Read Only RowSet

477Data Access Object RowSet Wrapper

List 483Dispatcher View 289Dispatcher View, Dispatcher in Control-

ler 291Domain Store 518Domain Store Custom Persistence 527Domain Store with participating classes

519EJB Service Locator strategy 320Entity Inherits Transfer Object 423Front Controller 168Front Controller Dispatcher in Control-

ler 178Front Controller using helpers 169GoF Application Service strategy 365Intercepting Filter 145JMS Queue Service Locator strategy

325JMS Topic Service Locator strategy 327Multiple Transfer Objects 421


Index 631

Index

POJO Service Activator 502Request Context strategy 184SecurityContext authentication 197Service Activator 497Service Activator Aggregator 510Service Activator Command Request

509Service Facade strategy 360Service Locator strategy 317Service to Worker, Command 277Service to Worker, Helper 278Session Facade 343Transfer Object 416Transfer Object Assembler 435Updatable Transfer Object 418Value List Handler 446View Helper 244View Helper Style Sheets 247View Helper, Using Translets 247Web Service Broker 558Web Service Broker Java Binder 561Web Service Broker Java Binder PO ex-

ample 563Web Service Broker Java Binder sche-

ma 564Web Service Broker JAX-RPC 569Web Worker Action Adapter 591Web Worker Work Adapter 594, 595Web Worker Work Adapter, Candidate

Interactions 612clients

access, controlling 22access, guarding a view 23access, guarding by configuration 25aggregating data from business compo-

nents 59clicking Back and duplicate form sub-

missions 27client tier overview 121decoupling from business tier 58determining which access business ser-

vices 48embedding service lookups in 55exposing EJB exceptions to 58exposing sensitive resources to 36hiding resources from 88JMS components 323legacy application as 499

navigation 35validation on 28

see also

viewsCMP

choosing for Business Object 376complex business components 107definition 125

coarse-grainedbusiness objects 54business services and entity beans 96distributed persistent objects 92entity beans 53, 57interfaces to business services 94service access layer 53

collaborationstructure for each pattern 130Web Worker Hire Employee 588

Command and Controller strategy 174, 177Command Handler strategy 209Command object 70Command Request strategy 508comments, email address for xxviicommon vocabulary 15composite display 268Composite Entity 421, 433

BMP strategy 396class diagram 394Composite Transfer Object sequence di-

agram 400Composite Transfer Object strategy 400consequences 401Dirty Marker strategy 397Entity Facade class diagram 396forces 392Lazy Loading strategy 396overview 134problem 391related patterns 413Remote Facade strategy 395sample code 402sequence diagram 394solution 392Store Optimization class diagram 398Store Optimization sequence diagram

399Store Optimization strategy 397structure 393, 434

Composite Entity BMP strategy 396


632 Index

Index

Composite Entity Remote Facade strategy 395

Composite Transfer Object strategy 400Composite Value Object strategy 400Composite View 262

class diagram 264consequences 271Custom Tag View Management strategy

269Early-Binding Resource strategy 270forces 262JavaBean View Management strategy

265Late-Binding Resource strategy 271overview 133participants and responsibilities 264problem 262related patterns 275sample code 272sequence diagram 265solution 262Standard Tag View Management strate-

gy 267strategies 265structure 263Transformer View Management strate-

gy 270composite views 262composites, definition 125concurrency

avoiding issues with DAO 463managing for Business Objects 376POJOs and entity beans 384

configurationguarding by configuration, client access

25guarding client access and standard se-

curity constraint 25connection management 109connection pools

POJOs and entity beanspre-initializing connections 108

connection retrieval methods 109Connections 108consequences

definition 130consequences, definition 130container-managed transaction 93

containerscontainer configuration, hiding resourc-

es from client 88, 89container-managed transaction 92, 98container-managed transactions 107container-managed transactions and en-

tity beans 92ejbActivate 445finder method overhead 445life cycle of enterprise beans 47

Context Objectclass diagram 182consequences 203Context Object Auto-Population strate-

gy 200Context Object Factory strategy 199forces 181JSTL Configuration strategy 196overview 133participants and responsibilities 183problem 181related patterns 203Request Context class diagram 184Request Context Map strategy 184Request Context POJO strategy 185request context strategies 184Request Context Validation strategy 192Security Context strategy 197SecurityContext authentication class di-

agram 197sequence diagram 183solution 181strategies 184structure 182

Context Object Auto-Population strategy 200Context Object Factory strategy 199control

control components, hiding resources from clients 88, 91

permission-based control 89control code 66

in multiple views

views

33control code in multiple views 33control component 89control logic

avoiding duplicating 166extract into controller classes 64


Index 633

Index

extracting into one class 64Front Controller 166mingling with data access logic 240View Helper 240

Controller-Based View strategy 249controllers

definition 125fat controllers, bad practices 37helper classes and business logic 79

conversational state 48maintaining on EJB layer

see also

stateconversion code 84, 85conversions 84cookies

HTTP cookies strategy 21session state 20, 21

core processing for request handling and view processing 167

coupling 82Create Candidate workflow steps 594CRUD business operations 517cursors

created only once 484DataRowListIterator 485designing Data Access Object 492

Custom Data Access Object strategy 466custom data access objects 378custom event listeners 228Custom Filter strategy 153Custom Persistence strategy 526, 541Custom SOAP Message Handling strategy

230Custom Tag Helper strategy 252Custom tag helpers 33, 86custom tag helpers 77Custom Tag View Management strategy 267,

269, 270Custom Tag View Manager strategy 266custom tags 241, 269

UML 129Custom XML Messaging strategy 560

D

DAOsconcurrency issues, avoiding 463in Data Access Object diagram 466

see also

data access, data sources

dataclients aggregating from business com-

ponents 59data synchronization, POJOs and entity

beans 385validation in business objects 381

data access codeentity beans 52extracting 102localizing data access logic 105moving closer to data source 102, 105separating from control and entity ob-

jects 106Data Access Object 378

Cached RowSet strategy 475class diagram 463consequences 493Custom Data Access Object strategy

466Data Access Object Factory strategies

471designing 492EJB Home business methods 451forces 462overview 134participants and responsibilities 464problem 462Read Only RowSet class diagram 477Read Only RowSet sequence diagram

478Read Only RowSet strategy 476related patterns 495RowSet Wrapper List class diagram 483RowSet Wrapper List sequence diagram

484RowSet Wrapper List strategy 482sequence diagram pt. 1 464sequence diagram pt. 2 465solution 463strategies 466structure 463Transfer Object Collection strategy 473Value List Handler 449

Data Access Object Factory strategies 471data access objects 106

definition 125encapsulating data source 56implementing persistence 378


634 Index

Index

data modelsconceptual and abstract models 375entity-relationship model 375terminology 374

data sourcesdesigning enterprise beans based on ex-

isting schema 57encapsulating access using 56extracting data access code 102implementing business object persis-

tence 378data store

business object persistence 378entity beans overview 49persistence implementation 378

see also

data sources, persistence, per-sistent store

data structuresexposing presentation tier to business

tier 34exposing presentation tier to domain ob-

jects 35generic 80

Database connection 108Database Response strategy 513declarative security constraints 25decoupling

client from business tier 58coupling client and business tier, prob-

lems 59tiers using business delegate

Delegate Adapter strategy 307Delegate Adaptor strategy 307Delegate Proxy strategy 307delegate to a control component 91delegates

definition 125

see also

Business Delegatedelegates,

see

business delegatesdependent entity beans 98dependent objects

and coarse-grained entity beans 98Composite Entity 392definition 125inter-entity bean relationships 393object graph 57

deployment descriptorsprimary keys, and 50

transaction attributes of session bean 93design considerations

business tier 46caching enterprise bean remote refer-

ences and handles 52controlling client access 22entity beans 49helper properties 30integrity and consistency of helper prop-

erties 30presentation tier 20session beans 46session management 20validation 28

Design Patterns, Gang of Four 9diagrams,

see

sequence diagrams, class dia-grams, UML

direct handles 208Dirty Marker strategy 397Dispatcher in Controller strategy 178Dispatcher View 276, 288

class diagram 289consequences 293Dispatcher in Controller class diagram

291Dispatcher in Controller sequence dia-

gram 292forces 288Front Controller and 277overview 133problem 288related patterns 299sample code 294sequence diagram 290solution 288structure 289

dispatchers, definition 125distributed objects, entity bean definition 49domain models

and object models 375terminology 374, 375

domain objectsexposing presentation tier data to 35non-business organizations 376terminology 376

Domain Storebusiness object persistence 378business objects sequence diagram 521


Index 635

Index

class diagram 518consequences 555Custom Persistence class diagram 527Custom Persistence sequence diagram

528Custom Persistence strategy 526data retrieval sequence diagram 523forces 516JDO strategy 543participants and responsibilities 520Participating Classes class diagram 519persistence implementation 379problem 516queries sequence diagram 525related patterns 556solution 516strategies 526structure 517

duplicate form submissions 27duplicate request submissions 67duplicate submissions 27duplicate validation 381dynamic resource subviews 271

E

Early-Binding Resource strategy 270EJB finder methods

looking up entity beans 59

see also

findersEJB Home

business methods 451EJB Home handle 52

EJB Service Locator strategy 319ejbLoad, storing entity-bean dependent ob-

ject graph 57EJBs

business service implementation 500EJB Home business methods 451EJB UML stereotype 129EntityEJB UML stereotype 129finder method drawbacks 445persistence versus transparent persis-

tence 517select methods 445SessionEJB UML stereotype 129

ejbStore and entity beans as read-only objects 56

Email Response strategy 513

embedding a guard 23empty values and resetting bean properties 36encapsulating

content retrieval logic 78encapsulate code for lookup and caching

95encryption of session state 21enhancing persistence 524enterprise beans

bringing in and out of memory 47caching remote references and handles

52definition 126designing based on existing RDBMS

schema 57exposing all attributes via get/set 55exposing EJB exceptions to non-EJB

clients 58life cycle management 47using for long-lived transactions 60

entities, wrapping with sessions 92entity beans 378

bean-managed persistence and DA code 52

business logic in 50business objects, implementing 383coarse-grained and dependent objects 98dependent 98design considerations 49encapsulating by wrapping with session

92entity facade 396entity-entity relationships 51finder drawbacks 445fine-grained objects, as 56increasing fine-grained 53inter-entity bean communication 98model, mapping object model to 53model, mapping relational model to 53moving business logic to session 100multiple beans and workflow 51overview 49persistence 385persistence implementation 378primary key best practice 50primary keys and 50read-only objects, using as 56single-field primary key 50


636 Index

Index

storying entire entity bean-dependent object graph 57

wrapping with sessions 92entity facades

class diagram 396POJOs 396

Entity Inherits Transfer Object strategy 422Entity Inherits Value Object strategy 422EntityEJB UML stereotype 129events

event listeners 228lifecycle 228

exceptionsbusiness application 58EJB exceptions, exposing to non-EJB

clients 58

F

facadesdefinition 126entity facade 396

see also

Session Facade, service facadesfaçades for entity beans 94façades to entity beans 97factories, definition 126factoring

factoring logic into helper classes 72

see also

centralizingfat controllers, bad practice 37feedback email address xxviiFilter Controller strategy 179filters

Intercepting Filter 146pluggable 145processing 146strategies 147

findersdrawbacks 445returning large results set 59

fine-grainedcontrollers 54entity beans, increasing 53objects 57objects, entity beans as 56

flowcontrolling request flow with shared to-

ken 67

see also

workflow

forces, definition 130form-centric validation 28forms

allowing duplicate form submissions 35duplicate form submissions 27form-centric validation 28HTML form interfaces 32

Fowler, Martindefinition of patterns 10Foreword xixpattern relationships to J2EE patterns

135

see also

Bibliography frameworks

generic 29J2EE pattern relationships 131pattern frameworks 16

Front Controller 166Base Front strategy 179class diagram 168class diagram using helpers 169Command and Controller sequence dia-

gram 176Command and Controller strategy 174consequences 180creating Context Object 277Dispatcher in Controller class diagram

178Dispatcher in Controller sequence dia-

gram 179Dispatcher View 277Filter Controller strategy 179JSP Front strategy 172participants and responsibilities 169Physical Resource Mapping strategy

175problem 166related patterns 180sequence diagram 169Service to Worker 277Servlet Front strategy 170solution 166strategies 170structure 168subcomponents 131

functional approach to views 245


Index 637

Index

G

Gang of Four Design Patterns book 9generic

configuration 26data structures 80refactorings 102

getter methodsexposing bean attributes with 55

glossarymodels 374, 375pattern terminology 124

GoFApplication Service strategy 365authors 126names of authors 9relationship to J2EE patterns 135

granularity 12graphs

object graphs, storing bean-dependent 57

storing only changed objects 58guarding a view

all-or-nothing guard 23client access control 23embedding guard within view 23portions of view 24portions of view not displayed for user

roles 24guarding by configuration

client access control 25code example 26resource guards 26

H

handlescaching 52design note 208direct and indirect 208

handling requests 167helper classes 73Helper components 78helpers

definition 126design notes 256encapsulating conversion code in 84extracting business logic into 72, 78

helper properties design considerations 30

intermediate state 30using scriptlets as 37

hidden fields and session state 20, 21Hire Employee

class diagram 591, 594collaboration 588interaction 586, 588interaction with adapters 590sequence diagram 595workflow 583, 584

HRroles in workflow 584workflow diagrams 586workflow process 585

HTML 147form interfaces 32forms, allowing duplicate submissions

35hidden fields and session state 21

HTTPContext Object 181cookies 21cookies strategy 21protocol, helpers independent of 37

HttpServletRequestexposing presentation tier data struc-

tures to business tier 34exposing presentation tier data struc-

tures to domain objects 35hiding presentation tier details from

business tier 80HttpSession

event listeners 228events 229storing state in stateful session or 48storing state on web tier 48

I

Identity Map and StateManager 523imperative approach to views 245implementation

business object persistence 378business objects 383details, hiding 80details, hiding with business delegateintent versus 253


638 Index

Index

security for POJOs and entity beans 383

see also

strategies, sample codeimplementing business object persistence

378independent objects, definition 126indirect handles 208integration tier

bad practices 53overview 121pattern catalog 460patterns list 13, 123refactorings 92

interaction diagrams,

see

sequence diagramsIntercepting Filter 144

Base Filter strategy 158class diagram 145consequences 165Custom Filter strategy 153Custom SOAP Filter strategy 162, 163Custom SOAP Filter strategy class dia-

gram 162forces 144JAX-RPC sequence diagram 164overview 131participants and responsibilities 146problem 144related patterns 165sequence diagram 146sequence diagram, decorator implemen-

tation 155sequence diagram, encoding conversion

152sequence diagram, nondecorator imple-

mentation 156sequence diagram, template filter strate-

gy 161solution 145Standard Filter strategy 147strategies 147structure 145Template Filter strategy 158Web Service Message-Handling strate-

gies 161inter-entity

bean dependencies 51entity bean communication

reducing

98

relationships

393

entity bean relationships 98, 100relationships 54

interfacesHTML form interfaces 32overlaying interface types 81

intermediate state and JavaBean helper class-es 30

Interview Candidate workflow steps 596isolation levels, transaction 56iterators

definition 126GoF Iterator pattern 134Value List iterator 446

J

J2EEadvantages 8patterns,

see

patternsJava Binder strategy 560Java Center xxiiiJava Community Process 8Java objects,

see

POJOsJava Scriptlet code 256JavaBeans

helper 256helpers design note 256JavaBean Helper strategy 251, 252JavaBean helpers, extracting business

logic into 78JavaBean View Management strategy

265JAX-RPC Message Handling strategy 235JAX-RPC strategy 568JDBC

results set and Data Access Object de-sign 493

see also

results set, Data Access ObjectJDBC DataSource Locator strategy 322JDOs

JDO strategy 543persistence implementation 379persistence, enhancing 524

JMScomponents 323JMS Queue Service Locator strategy

323, 324JMS Response strategy 513JMS Service Locator strategy 323


Index 639

Index

JMS Topic Service Locator strategy 327queues or topics 501

JNDIembedding service lookups in clients 55initial context object 315JMS components 323

JSPimplementation versus intent 253mingling business logic with view 73tags 267UML stereotype 129using helpers as scriptlets 37

JSP Front strategy 172jspsetproperty

resetting bean properties 36JSTL Configuration strategy 196

K

keys, primary keys and entity beans 50

L

Late-Binding Resource strategy 271Lazy Loading strategy 396, 408legacy application as client 499level of abstraction 12lifecycle

Command Handler 209dependent objects 125events 228independent objects 126

listserver for J2EE patterns xxviilocalizing

data access logic 105disparate logic 72references to protocol-related data 83

logiclocalize disparate logic 72

Logical Resource Mapping strategy 176Logical Resource Naming strategy 176lookups

embedding in clients 55lookup code 55lookup services 95

M

manual workflow 581mapping 96

command and controller strategy for Front Controller 177

Mapper handle 208session beans to entity beans 96Session Facade pattern 54StateManager and Identity Map 523use case to entity bean 54

MDB Service Activator strategy 507mechanism for reuse 15memory

blocking container resources 60bringing beans in and out of 47

merging session beans 96Message Handling strategies 229message-oriented middleware

definition 60

see also

MOMmessages

clients as message generators 499message-oriented middleware 499

micro-architectureoverview 14Web Worker 581

minglingbusiness logic and presentation 72business logic with view, JSP 73control logic, data access logic, format-

ting logic 240Model validation 29models

definition 127object models implemented as Business

Objects 516multiple atomic subviews 262Multiple Transfer Objects strategy 420Multiple Value Objects strategy 420Multiplexed Resource Mapping strategy 176

N

Navigation and Flow Control strategy 223navigation and routing 167nested composite structures 271network performance 450networks

HTML hidden fields 21network communication and fine-

grained objects 56object model mapped to entity bean

model 53


640 Index

Index

session state 22

see also

performance

O

object graphsdependent objects 57storing entity bean dependent 57

object modelsdesigning enterprise beans based on ex-

isting schema 57identifying objects 377implementing object models 375implementing OO model 375mapping directly to entity bean model

53terminology 374, 376

object-relational mappingdesigning enterprise beans based on ex-

isting RDBMS schema 57off the shelf solutions 382separating persistence and business log-

ic 386objects

using entity beans as read-only objects 56

see also

POJOsone-to-one mapping 96overlaying interface types 81overview of patterns 121

P

parent objectsComposite Entity 392dependent relationships 393

parent-dependent object relationships 53parent-dependent objects 54passivation 47pattern identification 119pattern relationship 131pattern roadmap 135patterns

abstraction level 119Application Controller 205Application Service 357benefits 14Business Delegate 302Business Object 374business tier catalog 300

business tier list 123categorizing 10characteristics 10community listserver xxviiComposite Entity 391Composite View 262Context Object 181Data Access Object 462definition 118definition and history 9Dispatcher View 288Domain Store 516frameworks 16Front Controller 166information structure in this book 129integration tier catalog 460integration tier list 123Intercepting Filter 144J2EE relationship to known patterns 135list of patterns in this book 13list with synopsis 121micro-architecture 581pattern template description 129presentation tier catalog 142presentation tier list 122relationships 131relationships among 16reuse of patterns 16Service Activator 496Service Locator 315Service to Worker 276Session Facade 341strategies, compared to 119subcomponents 133terminology 124Transfer Object 415Transfer Object Assembler 433Value List Handler 444View Helper 240Web Service Broker 557Web Worker micro-architecture 584

performanceconnection pools 108exposing enterprise bean attributes 55fine-grained objects 56inter-entity-bean dependencies 51large amounts of state 21large results set 59


Index 641

Index

performance throughput, reduction 98qualities of service 12

permission-based control 67, 89persistence

business object persistence 378business objects and 377custom strategy 541EJB versus transparent 517enhancers 524implementation 378JDO persistence 378, 379JDOs 378POJOs and entity beans 385

persistent dataentity beans overview 49

see also

data storepersistent store

definition 127retrieving state from 47updating transactions to 56

Physical Resource Mapping strategy 175plain old Java object,

see

POJOspluggable filters 145POJO Business Object strategy 381POJO Handler strategy 448POJO Service Activator strategy 500POJO Transfer Object Assembler strategy

437POJOs

business objects, implementing 383business service implementation 500entity facade 396persistence 385

poolsPOJOs and entity beans 384

see also

connection poolspostprocessing

Intercepting Filter 144requests and Intercepting Filter 144SOAP message handling 230useful pattern 135

preprocessingIntercepting Filter 144requests and Intercepting Filter 144SOAP message handling 230useful pattern 135

presentation processing 106Presentation Tier 121

presentation tierbad practices 33data structures 80design considerations 20exposing data structures to business tier

34exposing data structures to domain ob-

jects 35framework 81overview 121pattern catalog 142patterns list 13, 122refactorings 64request handling 167view processing 167

primary keysbest practice 50definition 50deployment descriptor 50entity beans and 50primary key field 50

problemdefinition 130exposing code intent 261modularity and View Helper 240

processingprocessing logic, extracting from page

261request processing and view preparation

276view processing 243

processing logiclocalizing 105moving into business tier 105

productivityJ2EE and 8

protocolsrequest handling and view processing

167proxies

definition 127Delegate 125Delegate Proxy Strategy 307session bean proxy to entity 97

Q

Quality of Service goals 12queries


642 Index

Index

finder drawbacks 445obtaining results sets 59

queuesclients and JMS components 323topics or 501

R

Raspberry Offshore Resources 584Read Only RowSet strategy 476read-only objects, using entity beans as 56reconstructing

conversational state for each invocation 60

refactoringsbusiness tier 92general 102hide presentation tier details from busi-

ness tier 80hide resources from client 88integration tier 92introduce a controller 64introduce business delegate 94introduce synchronizer token 67localize disparate logic 72merge session beans 96move business logic to session 100presentation tier 64reduce inter-entity bean communication

98refactor architecture by tiers 105remove conversions from view 84separate data access code 102use a connection pool 108wrap entities with session 92

reference to an enterprise bean 52related patterns

definition 130relational models

mapping directly to entity bean model 53

relationshipsamong patterns 16pattern overviews and diagram 132pattern relationships 131pattern relationships and micro-architec-

ture 581remote method invocation semantics 98

remote referencescaching 52obtaining reference to session bean 52

RemoteExceptionbusiness application errors 58exposing to non-EJB clients 58

Request Context Map strategy 184Request Context POJO strategy 185request context strategies 184Request Context Validation strategy 192requests

controlling with synchronizer token 67duplicate submissions 67pre and postprocessing 144processing design note 167processing views 243request processing and views 243

resource tieroverview 121

resourceshiding from clients 88

response strategies 513Restrict access 89restrict direct access 90result sets

Data Access Object 449Data Access Object, designing 492finder drawbacks 445JDBC API 493Value List Handler 449

results setscursor that’s created once 484finder methods, using to return 59queries, using to return 59

resumesaction adapter and work adapter work-

flow interactions 588workflow process 586

reusedesign reuse xxivpatterns, using together 16software 16

Review Candidate workflow steps 596role name 26RowSet Wrapper List strategy 482Rule of Three 119runtime-content inclusion 271


Index 643

Index

S

scalability 47connection pools 108session beans and problems 47stateless session beans and 60

schema for Web Service Broker Purchase Or-der example 564

scriptletsdefinition 127implementation versus intent 253using helpers as 37

securityclient access, controlling 22client access, guarding a view 23client access, guarding by configuration

25exposing all bean attributes via get/set

55exposing sensitive resources to clients

36guarding client by configuration 25guarding client by view 23hiding resources from clients 88POJOs and entity beans 383session state, client side 21

see also

bad practices, design consider-ations

Security Context strategy 197select methods 445semantics, transaction 56sensitive resources 36sequence diagrams

Application Controller 207Application Controller Command Han-

dler 211Application Controller JAX-RPC 236Application Controller Nested Com-

mand and Vi3ew 216Application Controller SOAP Message

Handling 231Application Controller Transform Han-

dler 222Application Controller View Helper 244Application Service Command alternate

strategy 364Application Service Command strategy

364

Application Service Layer strategy 366Application Service order system 368Business Delegate 305Business Delegate with Adapter 308Business Delegate with ID 306Business Object 380Command and Controller 176Composite Entity 394Composite Entity Composite Transfer

Object 400Composite Entity Store Optimization

399Composite View 265Context Object 183Data Access Object pt. 1 464Data Access Object pt. 2 465Data Access Object Read Only RowSet

478Data Access Object RowSet Wrapper

List 484Dispatcher View 290Dispatcher View Dispatcher in Control-

ler 292Domain Store Custom Persistence 528Domain Store, business objects 521Domain Store, data retrieval 523Domain Store, queries 525EJB Service Locator strategy 321EJB Service Locator Using Handles

strategy 322Entity Inherits Transfer Object 423Front Controller 169Front Controller Dispatcher in Control-

ler 179Intercepting Filter 146Intercepting Filter Custom SOAP Filter

strategy 163Intercepting Filter decorator implemen-

tation 155Intercepting Filter encoding conversion

152Intercepting Filter JAX-RPC strategy

164Intercepting Filter nondecorator imple-

mentation 156Intercepting Filter Template Filter strat-

egy 161JDBC Service Locator strategy 323


644 Index

Index

JMS Queue Service Locator strategy 326

JMS Topic Service Locator strategy 328Multiple Transfer Objects 422Service Activator 498Service Activator Aggregator pt. 1 511Service Activator Aggregator pt. 2 512Service Activator Aggregator pt. 3 512Service Facade strategy 362Service Locator 318Service to Worker 279Session Facade 344Transfer Object 417Transfer Object Assembler 436Updatable Transfer Object 420Value List Handler 447View Helper, Helper, non-remote 257View Helper, Helper, remote 259Web Service Broker 560Web Service Broker Custom Messaging

561server affinity definition 22servers

administration tasks reduced 167server-side RPC invocation 163session state on 22validation on 28

Service Activatorclass diagram 497Command Request class diagram 509Command Request strategy 508consequences 514Database Response strategy 513Email Response strategy 513forces 496JMS Response strategy 513MDB Service Activator strategy 507overview 134participants and responsibilities 497POJO Service Activator class diagram

502POJO Service Activator strategy 500problem 496sequence diagram 498Service Activator Aggregator class dia-

gram 510Service Activator Aggregator sequence

diagram pt. 1 511

Service Activator Aggregator sequence diagram pt. 2 512

Service Activator Aggregator sequence diagram pt. 3 512

Service Activator Aggregator strategy 509

solution 496strategies 500

Service Activator Aggregator strategy 509service facades

business logic 358definition 360diagram 360POJO Facade 357session beans 360Session Facade 357

Service Locator 55, 458consequences 329EJB Service Locator class diagram 320EJB Service Locator sequence diagram

321EJB Service Locator strategy 319EJB Service Locator Using Handles se-

quence diagram 322JDBC DataSource Service Locator strat-

egy 322JDBC Service Locator sequence dia-

gram 323JMS Queue Service Locator class dia-

gram 325JMS Queue Service Locator sequence

diagram 326JMS Queue Service Locator strategy

324JMS Service Locator strategy 323JMS Topic Service Locator class dia-

gram 327JMS Topic Service Locator sequence di-

agram 328JMS Topic Service Locator strategy 327overview 133problem 315related patterns 340sample code 330sequence diagram 318Service Locator class diagram 317solution 316strategies 319


Index 645

Index

structure 316Web Service Locator strategy 329

service lookupsembedding in client 55

Service to Worker 276Command class diagram 277consequences 281forces 276Front Controller and 277Helper class diagram 278overview 133participants and responsibilities 278problem 276related patterns 287sample code 281sequence diagram 279solution 276strategies 280structure 277

serviceslocating 55

servlet controller 90Servlet Front strategy 170, 179Servlet View strategy 248, 249ServletContext

event listeners 228servlets

context events 228Servlet UML stereotype 129

Session Bean Transfer Object Assembler strategy 437

Session beans 46session beans

creating from coarse-grained business services 96

definition 127design considerations 46eliminating entity bean proxies 96encapsulating workflow in 100mapping each use case to 54merging 96service facades 360stateful versus stateless 46workflow and 46

Session Facade 304, 420, 433class diagram 343consequences 345, 366forces 342, 357

overview 133participants and responsibilities 343,

361problem 341related pattern 373related patterns 355sample code 347, 367separating from Value List Handler 448sequence diagram 344solution 342, 358Stateful Session Facade strategy 345Stateless Session Facade strategy 345strategies 345structure 343, 360use case design note 342

session statecookies and hidden fields 20maintaining on the server for large ap-

plications 22on server, decisions regarding 22presentation tier, maintaining on 21saving 20server, maintaining on 21

see also

sessionsSessionEJB UML stereotype 129sessions

client session state 20design considerations 20wrapping entities with 92

setter methodsexposing bean attributes with 55

sharing data structures 34Singleton

definition 127UML stereotype 129

solutionsdefinition 130

Standard Filter strategy 147Standard Tag View Management strategy

267state

conversational, reconstructing for each invocation 60

HttpSession 48session beans and design considerations

46StateManager and Identity Map 523storing on business tier 48


646 Index

Index

state management 49stateful session beans 48

overview 46scalability problems 47

see also

session beansStateful Session Facade strategy 345stateless session beans

overuse 47overview 46reconstructing conversational state 60scalability 60

see also

session beansStateless Session Facade strategy 345StateManager

custom persistence strategy 541Identity Map 523

stereotypesdefinition 128UML 129

Store Optimization strategy 397, 409storing state 48strategies

Application Controller Using Command Handler strategy 591, 592

Application Service 363Application Service GoF 365Application Service Layer 365Base Filter strategy 158Base Front strategy 179Business Delegate as Helper strategy

255Cached RowSet strategy 475Command and Controller strategy 174Command Handler strategy 209Command Request strategy 508Composite Entity BMP strategy 396Composite Entity Remote Facade strate-

gy 395Composite Transfer Object strategy 400Context Object Auto-Population strate-

gy 200Context Object Factory strategy 199Controller-Based View strategy 249Custom Data Access Object strategy

466Custom Filter strategy 153Custom Persistence strategy 526

Custom SOAP Message Handling strat-egy 230

Custom Tag Helper strategy 252Custom Tag View Management strategy

269Custom XML Messaging strategy 560Data Access Object Factory strategies

471Database Response strategy 513definition 130Delegate Adaptor strategy 307Delegate Proxy strategy 307Dirty Marker strategy 397Early-Binding Resource strategy 270EJB Service Locator strategy 319Email Response strategy 513Entity Inherits Transfer Object strategy

422Filter Controller strategy 179Intercepting Filter Custom SOAP Filter

strategy 162Intercepting Filter Web Service Mes-

sage-Handling 161Java Binder strategy 560JavaBean Helper strategy 251JavaBean View Management strategy

265JAX-RPC Message Handling strategy

235JAX-RPC strategy 568JDBC DataSource Service Locator strat-

egy 322JDO strategy 543JMS Queue Service Locator strategy

324JMS Response strategy 513JMS Service Locator strategy 323JMS Topic Service Locator strategy 327JSP Front strategy 172JSTL Configuration strategy 196Late-Binding Resource strategy 271Lazy Loading strategy 396MDB Service Activator strategy 507Message Handling strategy 229Multiple Transfer Objects strategy 420Navigation and Flow Control strategy

223patterns, compared to 119


Index 647

Index

Physical Resource Mapping strategy 175

POJO Business Object 381POJO Handler strategy 448POJO Service Activator strategy 500POJO Transfer Object Assembler strate-

gy 437Read Only RowSet strategy 476Request Context Map strategy 184Request Context POJO strategy 185request context strategies 184Request Context Validation strategy 192response strategies 513RowSet Wrapper List strategy 482Security Context strategy 197Service Activator Aggregator strategy

509Servlet Front strategy 170Session Bean Transfer Object Assem-

bler strategy 437Standard Filter strategy 147Standard Tag View Management strate-

gy 267StatefulSession Facade 345Stateless Session Facade 345Store Optimization strategy 397Template Filter strategy 158Template-Based View strategy 248Transfer Object Collection strategy 473Transform Handler strategy 221Transformer View Management strate-

gy 270Updatable Transfer Object strategy 418View Handler strategy 213Web Service Locator strategy 329

structuredefinition 130

Struts 69, 81Application Controller 215nested command and view management

215style sheets

view transforms

views

style sheets 247Sun Java Center xxiii, 11Sun Professional Services 12

synchronizer token and duplicate form sub-missions 27

synchronizer tokensclient requests refactoring 67generating, storing, and checking 68

synchronizingdata, POJOs and entity beans 385

synopsis of patterns 121

T

target audience of book xxvTemplate Filter strategy 158Template-Based View strategy 248templates

pattern template description 129text in a JSP view, defined 127

terminology of patterns 124tiers

pattern categorization 120

see also

business tier, presentation tier, integration tier

token 70token generation 69token value 70tokens

generating, storing, and checking 68synchronizer token and client requests

67topics

clients and JMS components 323queue or 501

transaction attributes 93transaction management 450transactions

demarcating 98enterprise beans, using for long-lived 60POJOs and entity beans 384synchronous processing 60transaction isolation levels 56transaction semantics 56

Transfer Objectclass diagram 416consequences 424cursor that’s created once 484designing Data Access Object 492Entity Inherits Transfer Object class di-

agram 423


648 Index

Index

Entity Inherits Transfer Object sequence diagram 423

Entity Inherits Transfer Object strategy 422

forces 415Multiple Transfer Objects class diagram

421Multiple Transfer Objects sequence dia-

gram 422Multiple Transfer Objects strategy 420overview 134participants and responsibilities 417problem 415related patterns 432sample code 425sequence diagram 417solution 415strategies 418structure 416Updatable Transfer Object class dia-

gram 418Updatable Transfer Object sequence di-

agram 420Updatable Transfer Object strategy 418

Transfer Object Assemblerclass diagram 435consequences 438forces 433, 434overview 134participants and responsibilities 435POJO Transfer Object Assembler strate-

gy 437problem 433related patterns 443sample code 439sequence diagram 436Session Bean Transfer Object Assem-

bler strategy 437strategies 437Value List Handler

POJO Handler strategy

448Transfer Object Collection strategy 473transfer objects

business object, wrapping 390composite transfer object 412definition 127

Transform Handler strategy 221Transformer View Management strategy 270

Transformer View Management View strate-gy 270

transformsstyle sheets 247XSLT 246

translation-time content inclusion 270transparent persistence or EJB persistence

517trees

storing entity bean-dependent object graph 57

U

UMLdiagram types 128stereotypes 129

see also

sequence diagrams, class dia-grams

Updatable Transfer Object strategy 418use cases

mapping each to session bean 54session facades and 342

user sessiondefinition 20token matching 68

V

validationbusiness objects 381design consideration 28duplicate 381form-centric 28

Value List Handler 134, 444, 445class diagram 446consequences 450Data Access Object, what to get from

449forces 444overview 133participants and collaborations 446problem 444related patterns 458sample code 451separating Session Facade from 448sequence diagram 447solution 445strategies 448structure 445


Index 649

Index

Value Object 415Value Object Assembler 433, 434View Handler strategy 213View Helper 205

Business Delegate as Helper strategy 255

class diagram 244consequences 260Controller-Based View strategy 249Custom Tag Helper strategy 252forces 241Helper, non-remote sequence diagram

257Helper, remote sequence diagram 259JavaBean Helper strategy 251overview 133participants and responsibilities 244problem 240related patterns 261solution 241strategies 248structure 243Style Sheets class diagram 247Template-Based View strategy 248Using Translets class diagram 247

View management 267, 270view management and Struts 215view processing 243view transforms 245views

centralizing controller logic 64client access, guarding a view 23client access, guarding by configuration

25definition 128dynamic resource subviews 271hiding JSP resources from clients 88nested command and view management

215processing and helper classes 79removing conversions from 84Struts 215view creation 243view preparation 243view processing 243view processing design note 167View UML stereotype 129

see also

clients

W

Web Service Brokerclass diagram 558consequences 579Custom Messaging sequence diagram

561Custom XML Messaging strategy 560forces 557Java Binder class diagram 561Java Binder PO example class diagram

563Java Binder schema class diagram 564Java Binder strategy 560JAX-RPC class diagram 569JAX-RPC strategy 568participants and responsibilities 558problem 557related patterns 579sequence diagram 560solution 558strategies 560structure 558

Web Service Locator strategy 329web site

Core J2EE Patterns xxviiJava Blueprints xxvii

Web WorkerApplication Controller Using Command

Handler strategy 591, 592Candidate Interactions sequence dia-

gram 612class diagram 591, 594collaboration 588consequences 620Create Candidate workflow 594forces 587Hire Employee workflow 583, 584interaction 586, 588interaction with adapters 590Interview Candidate workflow 596micro-architecture 581participants and responsibilities 594problem 584Review Candidate workflow 596sequence diagram 595solution 587structure 591


650 Index

Index

workflowautomated 581Bake-a-Cake example 582Create Candidate steps 594definition 581encapsulating in session bean 100Interview Candidate steps 596manual 581multiple entity beans 51Review Candidate steps 596session bean design considerations and

46Web Worker Hire Employee class dia-

gram 591, 594, 595, 612Web Worker Hire Employee interaction

586, 588Web Worker Hire Employee interaction

with adapters 590Web Worker Hire Employee workflow

583, 584wrapping

Business Object wrapping a Transfer Object 389

business object wraps transfer object 390

request and response objects in filters 151

RowSet instance to expose results 482

X

XMLWeb Service Broker Purchase Order

schema 564XSLT and view transforms 246

XSLTadvantages 246issues 246transformations 87transformer 270view transforms 245, 246


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Chapterptgmedia.pearsoncmg.com/images/0131422464/index/0131422464_… · Action class 70 action management and Struts 215 Actions 69 activation 47 ... three-part rule 9 Apache software