ACQUISITIONS SELECTED JOURNAL ARTICLES

OCTOBER 2005 - OCTOBRE 2005

ACCROISSEMENTS SÉLECTION D'ARTICLES DE REVUES

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f.htm

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Index _____________________________________________________________________ ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES--BELGIUM--DIRECTORIES , 6 AFGHANISTAN--HISTORY, 6 ALMANACS, 6 ALMANACS, ENGLISH, 6 ARMED FORCES, 7 ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT , 7 BLACK SEA REGION--NATIONAL SECURITY , 31 CASUALTY AVERSION (MILITARY SCIENCE), 31 CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 7 CIVIL SOCIETY, 8 COMBATANTS AND NONCOMBATANTS--LEGAL STATUS, LAWS, ETC.--USA , 8 CONFLICT MANAGEMENT , 9 CONFLICTS , 31 COUNTERTERRORISM--USA , 31 CYPRUS--HISTORY--CYPRUS CRISIS, 1974-, 32 DEMOCRATIZATION, 32 DEMOCRATIZATION--ARAB COUNTRIES , 32 DEMOCRATIZATION--MIDDLE EAST , 33 DEMOGRAPHY--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) , 33 DRAFT--NETHERLANDS, 9 ECONOMIC HISTORY , 9 EMP, 34 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, 9 ESTONIA--HISTORY--ENCYCLOPEDIAS , 10 ETHNIC RELATIONS , 34 EU--ARMED FORCES--DEFENSE SPENDING, 10 EU--ESDP, 11 EU--FOREIGN RELATIONS , 11 EU--NATIONAL SECURITY , 11 EUROPEAN CONSTITUTION , 35 EU--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) , 12 EU--UNITED NATIONS, 35 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 36 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT--IRAQ, 36 GEORGIA (REPUBLIC)--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT , 12 GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL, 36 HUMAN SECURITY--EU, 12 HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE , 13 HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION, 37

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INDIA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--PAKISTAN, 13, 37 INSURGENCY, 14 INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT , 14 INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA , 14 INTERNATIONAL LAW, 15 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS , 15, 38 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS--ENCYCLOPEDIAS , 16 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS--MORAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS , 16 INTERNATIONAL TRADE--STATISTICS , 17 IRAN--DEFENSES , 17 IRAN--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT, 39 IRAQ WAR, 2003 , 17, 40 IRAQ WAR, 2003--GERMANY , 40 ISLAM AND POLITICS, 41 ISLAM--SAUDI ARABIA , 41 JAMMU AND KASHMIR (INDIA)--HISTORY--AUTONOMY AND INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENTS , 18 JAPAN--NATIONAL SECURITY, 41 JIHAD, 18 KOREA (NORTH)--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT , 19 KOREA (SOUTH)--FOREIGN RELATIONS--KOREA (NORTH) , 42 KOREA (SOUTH)--NATIONAL SECURITY, 42 KOSOVO (SERBIA)--INTERNATIONAL STATUS, 42 KOSOVO (SERBIA)--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT , 43 LAW--BELGIUM, 19 LEARNED INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIETIES--DIRECTORIES , 20 MUSLIMS--USA, 43 NARCOTICS, CONTROL OF--AFGHANISTAN, 43 NATO , 43 NEGOTIATION , 21 NONVIOLENCE , 21 NUCLEAR WARFARE--INDIA, 43 NUCLEAR WEAPONS--IRAN , 44 NUCLEAR WEAPONS--KOREA (NORTH), 44 ORDNANCE, NAVAL, 21 PARTITION, TERRITORIAL, 45 POLAND--FOREIGN RELATIONS--GERMANY, 45 POLAND--FOREIGN RELATIONS--GERMANY (WEST), 45 POLITICAL LEADERSHIP--RUSSIA (FEDERATION), 22 POSTWAR RECONSTRUCTION--IRAQ , 46 PUBLIC DIPLOMACY--USA , 22 QAIDA (ORGANIZATION), 22 ROMANIA--ARMED FORCES , 46 ROMANIA--HISTORY--REVOLUTION, 1989, 23 ROMANIA--NATIONAL SECURITY , 46 SAUDI ARABIA--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT, 47

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SOLDIERS--LEGAL STATUS, LAWS, ETC.--FRANCE, 23 SOUTH AFRICA--FOREIGN RELATIONS , 47 STATE-SPONSORED TERRORISM, 24 SUNNITES--IRAQ--POLITICAL ACTIVITY, 47 SYRIA--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT, 24 TELEVISION BROACASTING OF NEWS--ARAB COUNTRIES, 48 TERRORISM , 25, 48 TERRORISM--GOVERNMENT POLICY--SAUDI ARABIA, 48 TERRORISM--PREVENTION , 25 TERRORISM--SPAIN , 49 TERRORISM--TURKEY, 26 UKRAINE--FOREIGN RELATIONS--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) , 49 UNITED NATIONS--REFORM, 49 USA--ARMED FORCES, 26 USA--ARMED FORCES--ENCYCLOPEDIAS, 27 USA--COMMERCE--MIDDLE EAST , 49 USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS, 27, 50 USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--CHINA, 50 USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--EUROPE, 28 USE OF FORCE (INTERNATIONAL LAW), 28 USSR--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT, 50 WARFARE , 50 WEAPONS INDUSTRY--EUROPE, 28 YUGOSLAV WAR, 1991-1995 , 29 YUGOSLAV WAR, 1991-1995--CAUSES , 29

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LIST OF NEW BOOKS BY SUBJECT NOUVEAUX LIVRES CLASSES PAR SUJET

____________________________________________________________________________ ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES--BELGIUM--DIRECTORIES Annuaire administratif et judiciaire de Belgique : 2004-2005 = Administratief en gerechtelijk jaarboek voor Belgie : 2004-2005. - 121e ed. - Bruxelles : Bruylant, 2005. xv, 1318 p.; 32 cm. ID number: 80020346 Type: M Library Location: 35 /00016 ISBN: 2802721208 AFGHANISTAN--HISTORY The Fragmentation of Afghanistan : State Formation and Collapse in the International System / by Barnett R. Rubin. - 2nd ed. - New Haven, CT : Yale University Press, 2002. xlv, 378 p. : ill.; 25 cm. ID number: 80020310 Type: M Library Location: 958 /00009 ISBN: 0300095201 Author(s): 1. Rubin, Barnett R. 'This book examines Afghan society in conflict, from the 1978 communist coup to the fall of Najibullah, the last Soviet-installed president, in 1992. It reflects developments since then and includes material on the Taliban and Usama bin Laden. Drawing on two decades of research, the author provides a fascinating account of the nature of the old regime, the rise and fall of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan, and the troubled mujahidin resistance. He relates all these phenomena to international actors, showing how the interaction of US policy and Pakistani and Saudi Arabian interests has helped to create the challenges of today. He puts into context the continuing turmoil in Afghanistan and offers readers a coherent historical explanation for the country's social and political fragmentation.' ALMANACS Quid : 2006 / by Dominique Fremy, Michele Fremy. - Paris : Laffont, 2005. 2174 p. : ill.; 28 cm. ID number: 80020320 Type: REF Library Location: 03 /00002 REF ISBN: 222110448X Author(s): 1. Fremy, Dominique 2. Fremy, Michele Includes index. ALMANACS, ENGLISH Whitaker's Almanack : 2006. - 138th ed. - London : A & C Black, 2005. 1374 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020321 Type: REF Library Location: 321 /00021 REF ISBN: 0713670185 Includes index.

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ARMED FORCES The World Defence Almanac : 2005. - Bonn : Monch, 2005. 340 p. : ill.; 29 cm. (Military Technology, 0722-3226) ID number: 80020322 Type: REF Library Location: 355.2 /00135 REF ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT Conversion Survey : 2004 : Global Disarmament, Demilitarization and Demobilization. - Baden-Baden : Nomos, 2004. 200 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020333 Type: M Library Location: 327.3 /00563 ISBN: 3832907386 Includes index. 'The topical chapters of this year's 'Conversion Survey' summarize recent developments and new empirical studies in three specific areas : shifts in the perception and definition of refugees that lead to their being considered a security threat - so-called 'securitization'; a critical analysis of the provisions for dealing with surplus weapons in the OSCE Document on small arms and how far OSCE countries are complying with them, including recommendations for improvements; and a review of growing defense-industrial cooperation between Russia and the rest of Europe as a factor contributing to increased common security.' CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION The European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights. - Oxford, UK : Hart, 2004. xxvii, 392 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020267 Type: M Library Location: 422 /00016 ISBN: 184113449X Includes index. 'This book assesses the impact of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights from four key perspectives. First, it posits the Charter within the framework of the ongoing debate on EU Constitutionalism, the proper parameters of Union and Member State power, and investigates the role of 'rights' discourse in crafting the contours of a European patriotism. Second, it examines the effect of the Charter on a range of substantive areas of EU regulation, ranging from foundational and fundamental areas such as economic freedoms, to fields of competence lying at the fringe of Community regulation. This is intended to provide a flavour of how the Charter might seep into the process of substantive law making. Third, the book describes the impact of the Charter on the question of 'Access to Justice' in the EU, a highly topical and important objective, given the current debate (and indeed friction) in the case law of the Community judicature, on how the judicial architecture might be amended to improve access to justice to private parties affected adversely by Union regulation. Fourthly, the book takes an 'external' lens in assessing the Charter, canvassing its relationship with the regime for protection of human rights supplied by the international plane, and examining the impact of the Charter on the process of accession of new Member States to the EU.'

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CIVIL SOCIETY Sovereignty, Democracy, and Global Civil Society : State-Society Relations at UN World Conferences / by Elisabeth Jay Friedman... [et al.]. - Albany, NY : State University of New York Press, 2005. xiii, 221 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020340 Type: M Library Location: 308 /00144 ISBN: 0791463338 Author(s): 1. Friedman, Elisabeth Jay, 1966- 2. Hochstetler, Kathryn, 1962- 3. Clark, Ann Marie, 1960- Bibliography: p. 179-203. Includes index. 'This book explores the growing power of nongovernmental organizations by analyzing a microcosm of contemporary global state-society relations at UN World Conferences. The intense interactions between states and NGOs at conferences on the environment, human rights, women's issues, and other topics confirm the emergence of a new transnational democratic sphere of activity. Employing both regional and global case studies, the book charts noticeable growth in the ability of NGOs to build networks among themselves and effect change within UN processes. Using a multidimensional understanding of state sovereignty, the authors find that states use sovereignty to shelter not only material interests but also cultural identity in the face of external pressure. This book is unique in its analysis of NGO activities at the international level as well as the complexity of nation-states' responses to their new companions in global governance.' COMBATANTS AND NONCOMBATANTS--LEGAL STATUS, LAWS, ETC.--USA Terrorism, the Laws of War, and the Constitution : Debating the Enemy Combatant Cases. - Stanford, CA : Hoover Institution Press, 2005. xix, 196 p.; 23 cm. ID number: 80020276 Type: M Library Location: 341.3 /00131 ISBN: 0817946225 Includes index. 'The modern laws of war that emerged in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were developed with a particular concept of war in mind - one that does not apply to the conflict with our current adversaries. With the September 11 attacks the United States found itself engaged in a new kind of war, with new dilemmas that needed new rules. This book examines three significant enemy combatant cases - Padilla, Hamdi, and Rasul - that represent the leading edge of US efforts to devise legal rules, consistent with American constitutional principles, for waging the global war on terror. The volume's contributors analyze the crucial questions these cases raise about the balance between national security and civil liberties in wartime, discuss critical separation of powers issues, and call upon the courts, the political branches, and the country to reexamine the complicated connections between the Constitution and international law. Spanning the spectrum of informed legal opinion, the essays gathered here show that debating the enemy combatant cases is indispensable to meeting the legal challenges to come in the long war that lies ahead. Although they may disagree as to the details, the contributors are in full agreement that fortifying the rule of law at home is both a demand of justice and a national security imperative.'

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CONFLICT MANAGEMENT Identity and Institutions : Conflict Reduction in Divided Societies / by Neal G. Jesse, Kristen P. Williams. - Albany, NY : State University of New York Press, 2005. xiii, 194 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020335 Type: M Library Location: 327.5 /00423 ISBN: 0791464512 Author(s): 1. Jesse, Neal G., 1967- 2. Williams, Kristen P., 1964- Bibliography: p. 163-182. Includes index. 'How can conflicts between various nationalist/ethnic groups be reduced ? Combining theory with case studies of Spain and Ireland, the authors develop an argument favoring a solution that links resolving issues of identity and perceptions of inequality to the establishment of cross-national, democratic institutions. These institutions can affect deeply held attitudes by promoting overlapping identities and pooling sovereignty. Overlapping identities reduce tension by creating an atmosphere where different ethnic groups lose their strict definitions of Self and Other. Pooling sovereignty across a number of international (and national) representative bodies leads to increased access to governmental policymaking for all parties involved, with each nationalist/ethnic group having a stake in government. Increased access, moreover, reduces threat perceptions and ethnic security dilemmas, and increases trust - all of which play an important role in overcoming such conflicts.' DRAFT--NETHERLANDS Leadership and Institutional Reform in Consensual Democracies : Dutch and Swedish Defence Organizations after the Cold War / by Jorg E. Noll. - Gottingen : Cuvillier, 2005. x, 269 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020306 Type: M Library Location: 355.2 /00286 ISBN: 3865373615 Author(s): 1. Noll, Jorg E. Bibliography: p. 247-255. Includes index. ECONOMIC HISTORY World Economic Outlook : September 2005 : Building Institutions. - Washington : International Monetary Fund, 2005. xii, 293 p. : ill.; 28 cm. (World Economic and Financial Surveys) ID number: 80020282 Type: M Library Location: 338.9 /00656 ISBN: 1589064542 'The analysis and projections contained in this Report are integral elements of the IMF's surveillance of economic developments and policies in its member countries, developments in international financial markets, and the global economic system.' ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY Collapse : How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed / by Jared M. Diamond. - New York : Viking, 2005. xi, 575 p. : ill.; 25 cm. ID number: 80020307 Type: M Library Location: 614 /00165 ISBN: 0670033375 Author(s): 1. Diamond, Jared M. Bibliography: p. 529-560. Includes index.

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'What caused some of the great civilizations of the past to collapse into ruin, and what can we learn from their fates ? The author weaves an all-encompassing global thesis through a series of fascinating historical-cultural narratives. He traces a fundamental pattern of catastrophe, spelling out what happens when we squander our resources, when we ignore the signals our environment gives us, and when we reproduce too fast or cut down too many trees. Environmental damage, climate change, rapid population growth, unstable trade partners, and pressure from enemies were all factors in the demise of the doomed societies, but other societies found solutions to those same problems and persisted. What makes our environment more fragile than another ? Why do some societies, but not others, blunder into self-destruction ? Similar problems face us today and have already brought disaster to Rwanda and Haiti, even as China and Australia are trying to cope in innovative ways. Despite our own society's apparently inexhaustible wealth and unrivaled political power, ominous warning signs have begun to emerge even in ecologically robust areas like Montana. What economic, social, and political choices can we still make so that we don't meet the same ends ?' ESTONIA--HISTORY--ENCYCLOPEDIAS Historical Dictionary of Estonia / by Toivo Miljan. - Lanham, MD : Scarecrow Press, 2004. xviii, 558 p. : ill.; 23 cm. ID number: 80020273 Type: REF Library Location: 947 /00061 REF ISBN: 0810849046 Author(s): 1. Miljan, Toivo Bibliography: p. 511-556. 'This historical dictionary provides an encyclopedic overview of the significant people, places, and events in Estonian history from the twelfth century to the present, as well as the economic, political and social transition of Estonia from the beginning of its written history to membership in the European Union.' EU--ARMED FORCES--DEFENSE SPENDING EU-US Burdensharing ? Who Does What ? / by Gustav Lindstrom. - Paris : European Union Institute for Security Studies, 2005. 117 p.; 24 cm. (Chaillot Papers ; 82) ID number: 80020303 Type: M Library Location: 336 /00235 ISBN: 9291980781 Author(s): 1. Lindstrom, Gustav 'This paper examines burdensharing patterns between the United States and Europe, focusing in particular on the time period since the 9/11 attacks. It does so by analysing military and civilian burdensharing activities undertaken to address the high-priority challenges identified in the 2002 US National Security Strategy (NSS) and the 2003 European Security Strategy (ESS). Among the principal categories considered are burdensharing activities to enhance regional stability, to fight terrorism, to counter the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and limit the potential for state failure.'

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EU--ESDP Belgie en de permanente gestructureerde samenwerking / by Evy Berth, Serge van Camp. - Bruxelles : Institut Royal Superieur de Defense, 2005. (Securite et Strategie ; 88) ID number: 80020304 Type: M Library Location: 448 /00049 Author(s): 1. Berth, Evy 2. Camp, Serge van Bibliography: p. 175-181. EU--FOREIGN RELATIONS International Relations and the European Union. - Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press, 2005. xxiv, 469 p.; 25 cm. ID number: 80020341 Type: M Library Location: 441 /00143 ISBN: 0199273480 Bibliography: p. 407-432. Includes index. 'This book sets out to locate the European Union in the context of International Relations, both in theory and practice. It comprehensively explores how the European Union frames and conducts its international relations. The editors have set out three key themes for contributors to explore : the EU as a sub-system of international relations, the EU and the processes of international relations, and the EU as a power. Part I establishes the framework needed to understand the subject, Part II deals with the institutions and processes of policy formation, and Part III looks at the main forms of activity that the EU is involved in.' EU--NATIONAL SECURITY The European Security Strategy : A Global Agenda for Positive Power / by Sven Biscop. - Aldershot, UK : Ashgate, 2005. xiv, 152 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020268 Type: M Library Location: 448 /00048 ISBN: 0754644693 Author(s): 1. Biscop, Sven Bibliography: p. 137-149. Includes index. 'In December 2003 the EU adopted the European Security Strategy, the first ever common strategic vision of the Member States. This volume examines how the Strategy can form the basis of a comprehensive approach that integrates all dimensions of EU external action, from aid and trade to defence, under the same agenda of 'effective multilateralism' or global governance. This agenda can be translated into the core public goods to which every individual on earth is entitled : promoting access to these global public goods can be the essence of a distinctive European approach emphasizing long-term stabilization and conflict prevention. On that basis, the Strategy can be a global agenda for positive power - global because of its worldwide scope and comprehensive nature - for an EU with effective power to achieve positive objectives. The book will appeal to audiences interested in the EU as an international actor, foreign policy, security and defence, development and trade. It is also suitable for policy makers in the EU institutions and the Member States.'

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EU--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) Russia and the European Union : Prospects for a New Relationship. - Abingdon, UK : Routledge, 2005. xiv, 290 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020318 Type: M Library Location: 441 /00142 ISBN: 0415359074 Includes index. 'This book explores the implications of EU enlargement in May 2004 for EU-Russia relations. It presents the array of political, security, economic and social concerns that have been raised by the enlargement process and examines the opportunities and prospects for EU-Russian cooperation. It incorporates different perspectives from existing and new EU member states, Russian scholars and politicians from Moscow and the north-western regions of Russia.' GEORGIA (REPUBLIC)--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT Georgia from National Awakening to Rose Revolution : Delayed Transition in the Former Soviet Union / by Jonathan Wheatley. - Aldershot, UK : Ashgate, 2005. viii, 252 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020274 Type: M Library Location: 321 /00699 ISBN: 0754645037 Author(s): 1. Wheatley, Jonathan Bibliography: p. 235-242. Includes index. 'The author examines the tortuous process of regime change in Georgia from the first pro-independence protests of 1988 to the aftermath of the so-called Rose Revolution in 2004. It is set within a comparative framework that includes other transition countries, first and foremost those in the former Soviet Union. The book begins by providing two important theoretical innovations. First, it examines the notion of a regime, which is an under-theorised concept in the field of transition literature, and second, it reconceptualises O'Donnell, Schmitter and Karl's notion of a dynamic actor-driven transition. Having laid down its own theoretical framework, the book turns to the structural constraints that framed the transition in Georgia and in other republics of the former Soviet Union by looking at the point of departure, i.e. state and society in the USSR at the close of the Soviet period. It examines the evolution of the Georgian regime from 1989 to 1995 and further explores the nature of the Georgian regime between 1996 and 2001. The final section of the book addresses the theoretical and empirical problems that are posed by Georgia's so-called Rose Revolution that occurred in late November 2003, following the falsification of parliamentary elections by the incumbent authorities.' HUMAN SECURITY--EU Disasters, Diseases, Disruptions : A New D-Drive for the EU. - Paris : European Union Institute for Security Studies, 2005. 88 p.; 24 cm. (Chaillot Papers ; 83) ID number: 80020302 Type: M Library Location: 355.4 /01459 ISBN: 929198079X 'The European Security Strategy issued by the EU in December 2003 devoted its first chapter to what it called 'global challenges'. Most of those challenges - poverty, infectious disease, drought and famine, violent conflict - affect the Europe of today only indirectly and/or moderately, although they certainly had a much more direct impact in previous centuries (including the last one). By contrast, some of them - global warming, infrastructural disruptions, migration flows - may affect European societies in a much more dramatic fashion in the

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future. The main goal of this paper is to try and explore the various issues involved and their (actual and potential) correlations. It dwells upon their root causes and the EU policy record so far, and puts forward a few tentative recommendations on how to move ahead. It does so by resorting to a series of key 'D words' that may help situate and conceptualise the different challenges. Its focus, however, is not primarily on Defence, although the military dimension can indeed be part of the picture. Rather, a possible new (or additional) D-Drive for EU security policy should encompass what we generally call Disasters. The contributors have broken them down more specifically as environmental Degradation, resource Deprivation, infectious Disease, and functional Disruption.' HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE In the Shadow of 'Just Wars' : Violence, Politics and Humanitarian Action. - London : Hurst, 2004. xi, 372 p. : ill.; 23 cm. ID number: 80020311 Type: M Library Location: 341.2 /00331 ISBN: 185065736X Includes index. 'To what extent has the proliferation of so-called 'just' wars and the recent enthusiasm for ethical and humanitarian values benefited populations exposed to mass violence ? What has been the practical international reaction to the most serious crises of the last five years stemming from the discourse of a 'right to intervene' and the 'war on evil' ?' INDIA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--PAKISTAN Uneasy Neighbors : India, Pakistan and US Foreign Policy / by Kanishkan Sathasivam. - Aldershot, UK : Ashgate, 2005. xi, 195 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020272 Type: M Library Location: 327 /01271 ISBN: 075463762X Author(s): 1. Sathasivam, Kanishkan Bibliography: p. 181-190. Includes index. 'This volume represents a comprehensive and detailed case study of the long-running conflict between India and Pakistan - primarily over the contested territory of Kashmir, and the involvement of the United States within that conflict. The book details the history of 'Partition', the critical event in the modern history of the subcontinent and the fundamental catalyst for the enduring rivalry between India and Pakistan. It provides a summary description and analysis of the characteristics - demographic, social-cultural, political, economic and military - of the three primary actors that are party to the conflict : the sovereign states of India and Pakistan and the territory of Kashmir. It explains the history of US policy toward India and Pakistan as individual countries as well as US policy toward the conflict between them, particularly in light of the Indian and Pakistani nuclear tests of 1998 and events since September 11, 2001. In addition, the volume also describes and analyzes the involvement of three other major extra-regional actors.'

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INSURGENCY The Marketing of Rebellion : Insurgents, Media, and International Activism / by Clifford Bob. - New York : Cambridge University Press, 2005. xiv, 237 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020308 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00931 ISBN: 052184570X Author(s): 1. Bob, Clifford Bibliography: p. 207-225. Includes index. 'How do a few political movements challenging Third World states become global causes celebres, whereas most remain isolated and obscure ? This book rejects the common view that needy groups readily gain help from selfless nongovernmental organizations. Even in the Internet age, insurgents face a Darwinian struggle for scarce international resources - and, to succeed, they must aggressively market themselves. To make this argument, the author systematically compares two recent movements that attracted major NGO support, Mexico's Zapatista rebels and Nigeria's Ogoni ethnic group, against similar movements that failed to do so. Based on primary document analysis and more than 45 interviews with local activists and NGO leaders, the author shows that support goes to the savviest, not the neediest. The book develops a realistic, organizational perspective on social movements, NGOs, and 'global civil society'.' INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT The International Criminal Court : A Global Civil Society Achievement / by Marlies Glasius. - London : Routledge, 2006. xv, 158 p. : ill.; 23 cm. ID number: 80020316 Type: M Library Location: 341.4 /00027 ISBN: 0415333954 Author(s): 1. Glasius, Marlies Bibliography: p. 132-149. Includes index. 'This book examines the main features of the International Criminal Court from a political science and international relations perspective. It describes the main features of the Court and discusses the political negotiations and the ongoing clashes between those states that oppose the Court, particularly the United States, and those that defend it. The second aim of the book is to understand the negotiations on the establishment of the ICC as an example of how international decision-making is influenced by global civil society. Finally, it asks whether such global civil society influence is really to be welcomed as a democratic or ethical contribution to international politics.' INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA International Crimes and the ad hoc Tribunals / by Guenael Mettraux. - Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press, 2005. xxxii, 442 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020266 Type: M Library Location: 341.4 /00025 ISBN: 0199271550 Author(s): 1. Mettraux, Guenael Includes index. 'This volume provides the first comprehensive analysis of the law of international crimes as applied by the ad hoc tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. The contribution of the ad hoc Tribunals to international criminal law and international justice has been manifold, both academically and historically, and they will continue to influence the findings and decisions of many other courts (both

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domestic and international), and to provoke discussion for many years to come. The book examines the legal and historical significance of some of the most important judicial developments to occur in the last 50 years in international criminal law. It states the law of the Tribunals, and provides concrete illustrations of the application of the law to a variety of criminal cases, providing a comprehensive and detailed analysis of this voluminous body of jurisprudence. The primary focus in on the jurisdiction ratione materiae of the Tribunals : the definition and application of the law of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide. However, it also examines the Tribunals' jurisdiction ratione personae, insofar as this enables a full understanding of the law of crimes (for instance, in relation to forms of criminal liability).' INTERNATIONAL LAW Annuaire francais de droit international. Volume XLIX : 2003. - Paris : CNRS, 2004. 1009 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020334 Type: M Library Location: 341 /00001 ISBN: 227106239X Includes index. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Communitarian International Relations : The Epistemic Foundations of International Relations / by Emanuel Adler. - Abingdon, UK : Routledge, 2005. xvii, 334 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020339 Type: M Library Location: 327 /01279 ISBN: 0415335906 Author(s): 1. Adler, Emanuel Includes index. 'In Emanuel Adler's distinctive constructivist approach to International Relations theory, international practices evolve in tandem with collective knowledge of the material and social worlds. This book - a selection of his journal publications, a substantial new introduction and three previously unpublished articles - points IR constructivism in a novel direction, characterized as 'communitarian'. Adler's synthesis does not herald the end of the nation-state; nor does it suggest that agency is unimportant in international life. Rather, it argues that what mediates between individual and state agency and social structures are communities of practice, which are the wellspring and repositories of collective meanings and social practices. The concept of communities of practice casts new light on epistemic and security communities, helping to explain why certain ideas congeal into human practices and others do not, and which social mechanisms can facilitate the emergence of normatively better communities.' Le monde contemporain : grandes lignes de partage / by Pascal Boniface. - Paris : Presses Universitaires de France, 2001. xii, 234 p.; 22 cm. ID number: 80020299 Type: M Library Location: 327 /01275 ISBN: 21305011473 Author(s): 1. Boniface, Pascal Bibliography: p. 235. 'Il existe, tant chez les etudiants que dans le grand public, vis-a-vis de l'international, un double mouvement fait d'apprehension face a la complexite des problemes et de fascination. Le but de tout pedagogue est de montrer que, si le domaine a connaitre est infini, la

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comprehension du monde contemporain dans ses grandes lignes est a la portee de chacun. Cet ouvrage, tout en proposant des syntheses originales sur des themes qui sont traditionnellement abordes par l'etude des relations internationales (les criteres de puissance, la menace nucleaire ...), met aussi en valeur l'impact croissant dans le monde contemporain de problematiques nouvelles. Parce qu'il apporte des cles de comprehension aux grandes mutations affectant les relations internationales (mondialisation, diversification des acteurs internationaux, proliferation etatique, enjeux strategiques du sport ...), ce manuel est non seulement destine aux etudiants des instituts d'etudes politiques et des facultes de droit, mais aussi, plus largement, a tous ceux qui sont desireux de mieux saisir le monde dans lequel ils vivent.' International Relations Theory : A Critical Introduction / by Cynthia Weber. - 2nd ed. - Abingdon, UK : Routledge, 2005. xxii, 199 p. : ill.; 25 cm. ID number: 80020331 Type: M Library Location: 327 /01277 ISBN: 0415342074 Author(s): 1. Weber, Cynthia Bibliography: p. 189-194. Includes index. 'This new edition introduces students to the main theories in international relations. It explains and analyzes each theory, allowing students to understand and critically engage with the myths and assumptions behind each theory.' INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS--ENCYCLOPEDIAS Encyclopedia of International Relations and Global Politics. - Abingdon, UK : Routledge, 2005. xviii, 911 p.; 26 cm. ID number: 80020280 Type: REF Library Location: 327 /01272 REF ISBN: 0415311608 Includes index. 'This encyclopedia provides a unique reference source for students and academics, covering all aspects of global international relations and the contemporary discipline across IR's major subject divisions of diplomacy, military affairs, international political economy and theory. Entries are fully cross-referenced and followed by a listing of complementary entries and a short bibliography for further reading.' INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS--MORAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS Morale et relations internationales. - Paris : IRIS, 2000. 179 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020293 Type: M Library Location: 327 /01274 ISBN: 2913395058 'Guerre du Kosovo, arrestation du general Pinochet, creation d'une Cour penale internationale, convention contre la corruption, adoption par de nombreuses multinationales de codes ethiques : le debat sur le lien entre morale et relations internationales est devenu un defi strategique majeur. Partages entre le respect de l'ethique et la necessite de tenir compte de certaines realites geopolitiques, les Etats doivent faire face a l'irruption, sur la scene internationale, de nouveaux acteurs aux aspirations tout aussi legitimes. Contraints d'agir, dans certaines regions et dans certains domaines, sous l'influence et les pressions de la societe civile, les Etats verraient-ils leur marge de manoeuvre se reduire ? Quelle est la place des ONG dans ce nouvel environnement international ? Quelle est l'influence reelle des medias, et donc des opinions publiques, dans le processus de decision etatique ? Les references permanentes aux

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principes universels ne relevent-elles que du pur acte declaratoire ou bien la situation des droits de l'homme progresse-t-elle reellement dans le monde ? Autant de questions et de sujets sensibles autour desquels l'IRIS a convie les decideurs politiques, les acteurs de terrain et les experts les plus qualifies.' INTERNATIONAL TRADE--STATISTICS Direction of Trade Statistics : Yearbook : 2005. - Washington : International Monetary Fund, 2005. xxi, 544 p.; 28 cm. ID number: 80020323 Type: M Library Location: 382 /00182 ISBN: 1589064615 IRAN--DEFENSES Iran's Developing Military Capabilities / by Anthony H. Cordesman. - Washington : Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2005. xii, 147 p.; 23 cm. (Significant Issues Series ; vol. 27, no. 4) ID number: 80020270 Type: M Library Location: 623 /01003 ISBN: 0892064692 Author(s): 1. Cordesman, Anthony H. 'Iran is a far less modern military power in comparative terms than it was during the time of the shah or during the Iran-Iraq War. Nevertheless, it is slowly improving its conventional forces, and it is now the only regional military power that poses a serious conventional military threat to Persian Gulf stability. Iran has significant capabilities for asymmetric warfare and poses the additional threat of proliferation, and there is considerable evidence that it is developing both a long-range missile force and a range of weapons of mass destruction. It has never properly declared its holdings of chemical weapons, and the status of its biological weapons programs is unknown. The disclosures made by the International Atomic Energy Agency since 2002 indicate that it is likely that Iran will continue to covertly seek nuclear weapons. In this analysis and assessment, the author draws on a wide variety of classified and unclassified sources to provide a clearer picture of Iran's developing military capabilities in 2005.' IRAQ WAR, 2003 Irak 25hemligheter : vad lag bakom krigen i Irak : Iraks roll i amerikansk och fransk politik 1970-2005 / by Erik Pierre. - Malmo : Sekel, 2005. 428 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020324 Type: M Library Location: 355.4 /01460 ISBN: 9197522228 Author(s): 1. Pierre, Erik Bibliography: p. 403-416. Includes index.

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JAMMU AND KASHMIR (INDIA)--HISTORY--AUTONOMY AND INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENTS Crafting Peace in Kashmir : Through a Realist Lens / by Verghese Koithara. - New Delhi : Sage, 2004. 314 p.; 23 cm. ID number: 80020312 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00930 ISBN: 8178294214 Author(s): 1. Koithara, Verghese Bibliography: p. 298-308. Includes index. 'The author argues here that perceptions and emotions are the prime drivers behind the India-Pakistan conflict. In today's context, he maintains, the 'structure' of the conflict is more resolvable than how it is commonly portrayed. Neither country has a need - in security, resource and internal coherence terms - for the part of J&K that is with the other country. To recognise this, however, the conflict needs to be analysed in terms of the true clash of interest of the parties, painting out the clutter of legal and ideological arguments. Protracted, violent conflicts elsewhere can provide a useful perspective to understand how conflict dynamics work and how conflict conclusion can be more realistically sought through a peace rather than a war strategy. The conflicts of Northern Ireland, Sri Lanka and Israel-Palestine have been analysed with this in view. Northern Ireland provides an illuminating example of using a well-crafted internal settlement to end a wider conflict. A study of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is useful to understand how very different are the structures of the two conflicts and how much more tractable the India-Pakistan conflict is. The book presents reasons why Pakistan, and its army, can be induced to accept a final settlement along the LoC, provided it is made part of a broader deal that accords substantial autonomy to both sides of the new border. Also why such a deal shall not pose a risk to the security - internal and external - of either country. The LoC-into-border deal lies within amicable reach, but it calls for vision, flexibility and strategy to arrive at it.' JIHAD Les fabriques du jihad. - Paris : Presses Universitaires de France, 2005. ix, 334 p.: ill.; 22 cm. ID number: 80020289 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00925 ISBN: 2130547176 'Voici une etude qui couvre aussi bien les realites de terrain les plus concretes, que l'essaimage mondial d'une violence internationale s'incarnant mais ne se resumant pas a Al-Qaida, dont est donnee a voir ici l'impressionnant spectre geopolitique. Qu'il s'agisse du micro-financement et des liens avec la criminalite, de la logistique et de l'armement, des modes d'action, de la question fondamentale des 'armes de destruction massive', du recrutement des terroristes dans le monde arabo-musulman ou le Caucase, voire dans l'Afrique sub-saharienne, mais aussi en Occident (Americains, Francais, Britanniques, Allemands ...), les 'fabriques du jihad' semblent legion et fourniront pendant de nombreuses annees encore des militants operationnels. La solution a long terme semble donc resider dans un melange d'anti-terrorisme policier et de prevention pour remettre en cause les raisons profondes, car structurelles, de cette violence aux dimensions planetaires.'

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KOREA (NORTH)--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT North Korea : The Paranoid Peninsula : A Modern History / by Paul French. - London : Zed Books, 2005. xvi, 323 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020328 Type: M Library Location: 321 /00702 ISBN: 1842774735 Author(s): 1. French, Paul Bibliography: p. 307-312. Includes index. 'This comprehensive introduction to North Korea provides an overview of the politics, economics and history of the DPRK, with particular emphasis on the economic situation since the collapse of the Soviet Union, and Pyongyang's relationship with the US leading up to the current nuclear crisis. The book seeks to explain how North Korea had an economy that maintained parity with, and even surpassed, South Korea's until the mid-1970s, since which time it has spiralled down into industrial decline and severe famine. The author argues that the country's collapse has been due to its rigid adherence to central planning, international isolation, the military-first line and an inflexible political philosophy - Juche. The author also deals with the long-troubled relationship between Pyongyang and Washington, and with the continued division of the Korean peninsula. He considers the likely scenarios for the future of the DPRK, and the history and possible ramifications of a reunited Korea, as well as the guiding personalities of the country and the recent diplomatic initiatives, economic reforms and nuclear crisis.' LAW--BELGIUM Les Codes Larcier. Tome VII : Droit de l'environnement : 2005. - Bruxelles : Larcier, 2005. xvi, 622 p.; 31 cm. ID number: 80020348 Type: M Library Location: 34 /00002 ISBN: 2804417719 Les Codes Larcier. Tome IV : Droit social. C : Droit de la securite sociale : 2005. - Bruxelles : Larcier, 2005. xxxiii, 1049 p.; 31 cm. ID number: 80020356 Type: M Library Location: 34 /00002 ISBN: 2804417689 Les Codes Larcier. Tome V : Droit fiscal : 2005. - Bruxelles : Larcier, 2005. xix, 793 p.; 31 cm. ID number: 80020349 Type: M Library Location: 34 /00002 ISBN: 2804417697 Les Codes Larcier. Tome III : Droit commercial, economique et financier : 2005. - Bruxelles : Larcier, 2005. xxxii, 1597 p.; 31 cm. ID number: 80020350 Type: M Library Location: 34 /00002 ISBN: 2804417670 Les Codes Larcier. Tome II : Droit penal : 2005. - Bruxelles : Larcier, 2005. xxvi, 1057 p.; 31 cm. ID number: 80020351 Type: M Library Location: 34 /00002 ISBN: 2804417662

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Les Codes Larcier. Tome I : Droit civil et judiciaire : 2005. - Bruxelles : Larcier, 2005. xxviii, 1397 p.; 31 cm. ID number: 80020352 Type: M Library Location: 34 /00002 ISBN: 2804417654 Les Codes Larcier. Tome VI : Droit public et administratif. A : Droit public : 2005. - Bruxelles : Larcier, 2005. xxxiv, 729 p.; 31 cm. ID number: 80020353 Type: M Library Location: 34 /00002 ISBN: 2804417700 Les Codes Larcier. Tome VI : Droit public et administratif. B : Droit administratif : 2005. - Bruxelles : Larcier, 2005. xxxiv, 1050 p.; 31 cm. ID number: 80020354 Type: M Library Location: 34 /00002 ISBN: 2804417700 Les Codes Larcier. Tables generales : 2005. - Bruxelles : Larcier, 2005. x, 523 p.; 30 cm. ID number: 80020347 Type: M Library Location: 34 /00002 ISBN: 2804417727 Les Codes Larcier. Tome IV : Droit social. A : Dispositions communes. B : Droit du travail : 2005. - Bruxelles : Larcier, 2005. xxxiii, 836 p.; 31 cm. ID number: 80020355 Type: M Library Location: 34 /00002 ISBN: 2804417689 LEARNED INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIETIES--DIRECTORIES The Europa World of Learning : 2006. Volume I : International Organizations. Afghanistan-Myanmar. - 56th ed. - London : Routledge, 2005. xiii, 1334 p.; 29 cm. ID number: 80020284 Type: REF Library Location: 001 /00012 REF ISBN: 1857433440 Includes index. The Europa World of Learning : 2006. Volume II : Namibia-Zimbabwe. Index. - 56th ed. - London : Routledge, 2005. xii, 1373 p.; 29 cm. ID number: 80020285 Type: REF Library Location: 001 /00012 REF ISBN: 1857433459 Includes index.

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NEGOTIATION The Organization of Global Negotiations : Constructing the Climate Change Regime / by Joanna Depledge. - London : Earthscan, 2005. xiv, 258 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020325 Type: M Library Location: 341.7 /00107 ISBN: 1844070468 Author(s): 1. Depledge, Joanna Bibliography: p. 243-252. Includes index. 'The global negotiations on climate change involve over 180 countries and innumerable observers and other participants, addressing enormously complex and economically vital issues with conflicting agendas. For the UN to create an effective and well-supported international regime has required enormous and very skillful organization : factors such as the role of the Chair, the choice of negotiating arenas, the rules for the conduct of business and the approach of negotiating texts are usually taken for granted, and rarely attract attention until something goes wrong. This book explores how the negotiations were organized to produce the Kyoto Protocol to the Climate Change Convention and the subsequent Bonn Agreements and Marrakesh Accords. The author draws out the lessons and implications for other intricate and far-reaching negotiations, not all of which have succeeded so far, such as the WTO trade negotiations at Seattle and Cancun.' NONVIOLENCE Unarmed Insurrections : People Power Movements in Nondemocracies / by Kurt Schock. - Minneapolis, MN : University of Minnesota Press, 2005. xxvi, 228 p. : ill.; 23 cm. ID number: 80020343 Type: M Library Location: 327.3 /00648 ISBN: 0816641935 Author(s): 1. Schock, Kurt Bibliography: p. 185-210. Includes index. 'In the last two decades of the twentieth century, a wave of 'people power' movements erupted throughout the nondemocratic world. The author compares the successes of the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa, the people power movement in the Philippines, the pro-democracy movement in Nepal, and the antimilitary movement in Thailand with the failures of the pro-democracy movement in China and the anti-regime challenge in Burma. By looking at how these methods of protest promoted regime change in some countries but not in others, this book provides rare insight into the often overlooked and little understood power of nonviolent action.' ORDNANCE, NAVAL Jane's Naval Weapon Systems : Issue Forty-Three. - Coulsdon, UK : Jane's Information Group, 2005. 743 p. : ill.; 30 cm. ID number: 80020344 Type: REF Library Location: 623 /00585 REF ISBN: 0710608934 Includes index.

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POLITICAL LEADERSHIP--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) Leading Russia : Putin in Perspective : Essays in Honour of Archie Brown. - Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press, 2005. xi, 304 p. : ill.; 25 cm. ID number: 80020327 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00933 ISBN: 0199276145 Bibliography: p. 275-294. Includes index. 'Leaders and leadership continue to dominate Russia's political development. Like his predecessors in the Kremlin, Vladimir Putin has made a crucial impact on the substance and style of Russian politics. His efforts to use traditional tools of state power to manage democracy and market capitalism have had mixed effects on both. The book investigates the ambiguities and contradictions of Putin's rule from four perspectives. The volume first considers his leadership in the context of Russia's convulsive historical cycle of revolutionary transformation, breakdown, consolidation, and stagnation. The study then analyses how normative and institutional components of democracy have fared under Putin's regime of stronger executive control. It proceeds to examine the strengths and weaknesses of presidential power vis-a-vis bureaucratic, regional, and corporate groups. The volume concludes with two assessments of the strategic direction in which Putin is taking Russia. They explore the tensions between bureaucratic-authoritarian trends and Putin's apparent commitment to electoral democracy, market capitalism, and alignment with the West. The book helps to deepen our understanding of the cultural and institutional factors shaping Putin's leadership approach and policy priorities. More widely, it sheds light on the complexity of the relationship between post-communist leadership, democracy, and economic modernization.' PUBLIC DIPLOMACY--USA The Battle of Ideas in the War on Terror : Essays on US Public Diplomacy in the Middle East / by Robert B. Satloff. - Washington : Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2004. xvi, 106 p.; 23 cm. ID number: 80020314 Type: M Library Location: 341.7 /00106 ISBN: 0944029922 Author(s): 1. Satloff, Robert B. 'This collection of seventeen essays takes aim at the poll-driven, self-defeating approach to public diplomacy that has often defined US outreach to Arabs and Muslims since September 11. It offers instead a bold, hopeful, and unapologetic vision of how the United States can fight - and ultimately win - the long-term battle of ideas in the Middle East.' QAIDA (ORGANIZATION) Al Qaeda Now : Understanding Today's Terrorists. - New York : Cambridge University Press, 2005. xxiii, 257 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020317 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00928 ISBN: 0521859115 Includes index. 'At the invitation of the New America Foundation and the Center on Law and Security at New York University School of Law, a group of authorities on international terrorism and al Qaeda were brought together at a meeting held in the Russell Senate Office Building in Washington. This volume contains the presentations that were made at this meeting. They constitute a valuable synopsis of current knowledge on al Qaeda and the policies in place to counter threats of future terrorist attacks. The papers in this book will contribute to

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understanding how al Qaeda has evolved from a movement to an ideology, what influence it has on Middle East stability, and what continued threat it is to the United States, Europe, and other areas of the world. The contributors are from academia, research centers, government agencies, and the media. They represent a cross section of recognized experts on al Qaeda and international terrorism.' ROMANIA--HISTORY--REVOLUTION, 1989 The Romanian Revolution of December 1989 / by Peter Siani-Davies. - Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press, 2005. xi, 315 p. : ill.; 25 cm. ID number: 80020262 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00922 ISBN: 0801442451 Author(s): 1. Siani-Davies, Peter Bibliography: p. 287-303. Includes index. 'The Romanian Revolution of 1989 was the most spectacularly violent and remains today the most controversial of all the East European upheavals of that year. Despite (or perhaps because of) the media attention the revolution received, it remains shrouded in mystery. How did the seemingly impregnable Ceausescu regime come to be toppled so swiftly and how did Ion Iliescu and the National Salvation Front come to power ? Was it by coup d'etat ? Who were the mysterious 'terrorists' who wreaked such havoc on the streets of Bucharest and the other major cities of Romania ? Were they members of the notorious securitate ? What was the role of the Soviet Union ? Blending narrative with analysis, the author seeks to answer these and other questions while placing the events and their immediate aftermath within a wider context. Based on fieldwork conducted in Romania and drawing heavily on Romanian sources, including television and radio transcripts, official documents, newspaper reports, and interviews, this book is the most thorough study of the Romanian Revolution that has appeared in English. Recognizing that a definitive history of these events may be impossible, the author focuses on the ways in which participants interpreted the events according to particular scripts and myths of revolution rooted in the Romanian historical experience. In the process he sheds light on the ways in which history and the conflicting retellings of the 1989 events are put to political use in the transitional societies of Eastern Europe.' SOLDIERS--LEGAL STATUS, LAWS, ETC.--FRANCE Le nouveau statut general des militaires / by Jean-Michel Palagos. - Panazol : Lavauzelle, 2005. 213 p.; 21 cm. ID number: 80020288 Type: M Library Location: 355.2 /00285 ISBN: 2702512763 Author(s): 1. Palagos, Jean-Michel Bibliography: p. 207-209. 'En 1972 etait promulge le premier statut general des militaires (SGM). Se substituant a de nombreux textes, propres aux differents corps de chaque armee ou service, edictes tout au long d'une periode de pres d'un siecle et demi, ce statut general permettait pour la premiere fois de definir dans un cadre legislatif unique, tout en les actualisant, les principes applicables a l'ensemble des militaires en activite, tant en matiere de droits civils et politiques que de deroulement des carrieres. Plus de trente ans apres son adoption, de multiples raisons militaient pour une renovation du statut general des militaires. Les forces armees sont desormais entierement composees de professionnels. Elles comptent pratiquement autant d'engages sous contrat que de militaires de carriere. Leur bon fonctionnement se trouve plus etroitement lie aux conditions de recrutement et de

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fidelisation des personnels. L'engagement sur les theatres exterieurs est devenu de regle, le plus souvent dans des situations de crise qui echappent a la distinction traditionnelle entre temps de guerre et temps de paix. Enfin, les evolutions de l'environnement economique et social general conduisent a se poser en des termes renouveles la question de la place des militaires dans la societe. Veritable guide pratique, cet ouvrage presente dans son integralite la nouvelle loi portant statut general des militaires et l'explicite a l'aide de commentaires, exemples, chiffres et donnees statistiques.' STATE-SPONSORED TERRORISM Deadly Connections : States that Sponsor Terrorism / by Daniel Byman. - New York : Cambridge University Press, 2005. xi, 369 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020313 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00929 ISBN: 0521839734 Author(s): 1. Byman, Daniel Bibliography: p. 335-357. Includes index. 'Thousands of people have died at the hands of terrorist groups who rely on state support for their activities. Iran and Syria are well known as sponsors of terrorism, while other countries, some with strong connections to the West, have enabled terrorist activity by turning a blind eye. This book is the first to analyze this phenomenon. Focusing primarily on sponsors from the Middle East and South Asia, it examines the different types of support that states provide, their motivations, and the impact of such sponsorship. The book also considers regimes that allow terrorists to raise money and recruit without providing active support. The experiences of Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, and Libya are detailed here, alongside the histories of radical groups such as al-Qaida and Hizballah. The book concludes by assessing why it is often difficult to force sponsors to cut ties to terrorist groups and suggesting ways in which it could be done better in the future.' SYRIA--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT Inheriting Syria : Bashar's Trial by Fire / by Flynt Lawrence Leverett. - Washington : Brookings Institution Press, 2005. xv, 286 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020275 Type: M Library Location: 321 /00700 ISBN: 0815752040 Author(s): 1. Leverett, Flynt Lawrence Includes index. 'This book offers a detailed analytic portrait of the Syrian regime under the leadership of the Asad dynasty and the strategic legacy bequeathed from father to son. It draws implications for US policy, offering a bold new strategy for achieving American objectives, largely via a 'conditional engagement' employing both carrots and sticks. This strategy would be independent of the Arab-Israeli peace process and thus a historical departure for the United States. This highly readable analysis of Bashar al-Asad's ascendancy and approach to rule provides valuable insights to anyone concerned with events in the Middle East, the war on terror, and the future of American foreign policy.'

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TERRORISM Unmasking Terror : A Global Review of Terrorist Activities. - Washington : Jamestown Foundation, 2004. ix, 588 p.; 23 cm. ID number: 80020332 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00932 ISBN: 0967500931 Includes index. 'A compendium of articles from Jamestown's Terrorism Monitor, September 11, 2003-September 11, 2004.' Terrorism and Global Power Systems / by Shahwar Junaid. - Karachi : Oxford University Press, 2005. viii, 228 p.; 23 cm. ID number: 80020336 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00934 ISBN: 0195977882 Author(s): 1. Junaid, Shahwar Bibliography: p. 219-220. Includes index. 'This book discusses the origins of terrorism and the use of violence as a tool for political, social, and economic change by various forces within society and throughout the world. The author draws upon historical trends as well as rising terrorist activity in the world since 1980. She also examines global power systems, including international security systems to understand how terrorism operates in the current environment. The book also addresses the excesses of power and injustices against groups of people all over the world. It sheds light on methods used to control these people and block the establishment of systems that can lead to peaceful political change.' TERRORISM--PREVENTION The Counterterrorism Handbook : Tactics, Procedures, and Techniques / by Frank Bolz... [et al.]. - 3rd ed. - Boca Raton, FL : Taylor & Francis, 2005. xxiv, 401 p. : ill.; 25 cm. ID number: 80020269 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00920 ISBN: 0849330238 Author(s): 1. Bolz, Frank 2. Dudonis, Kenneth J. 3. Schulz, David P. Includes index. 'This book is an invaluable resource for those who recognize that preparation is the best defense in the war on terror. Revised and expanded to reflect information obtained since the September 11th attacks, this latest edition provides an understanding of the strategies, tactics, and techniques required to counter terrorism as it exists today. It illustrates essential topics such as the elements common to all terrorism, bomb threats, risk assessment, hostage situations, and weapons of mass destruction. New addition to the third edition include : provides a closer look at what transpired during and after the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon; discusses the current state of WMDs, including threats from chemical and biological agents and those posed by nuclear weapons; divulges the latest modes of domestic terrorism, including cyber-terrorism and eco-terrorism; discloses the latest information on what's going on with Homeland Security; covers recent INS laws as they relate to terrorist activity and how they effect homeland security.'

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Battling Terrorism : Legal Perspectives on the Use of Force and the War on Terror / by Jackson Nyamuya Maogoto. - Aldershot, UK : Ashgate, 2005. vi, 209 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020271 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00921 ISBN: 0754644073 Author(s): 1. Maogoto, Jackson Nyamuya Bibliography: p. 197-203. Includes index. 'The attacks of September 11, 2001, the US response and the international community's approval of the subsequent military action represent a new paradigm in the international law relating to the use of force. Previously, acts of terrorism were seen as criminal acts carried out by private, non-governmental entities. In contrast, the September 11 attacks were regarded as an act of war which marked a turning point in international relations and law. This volume examines the use of force in the war against terror. The work is based on the central theme that the use of force is visibly enrolled in a process of change and it evaluates this within the framework of the uncertainty and indeterminacy of the UN Charter regime. The status of preemptive self-defence in international law and how it applies to US policy towards rogue states is examined along with the use of military force, including regime change, as an acceptable trend in the fight against state-sponsored terrorism.' TERRORISM--TURKEY Turkey and the War on Terror : For Forty Years We Fought Alone / by Andrew Mango. - London : Routledge, 2005. ix, 109 p.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020277 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00923 ISBN: 0415350018 Author(s): 1. Mango, Andrew Bibliography: p. 103-105. Includes index. 'Turkey has been the target of terrorism since the 1960s but, until President George W. Bush declared his war on terror, Turkish efforts to fight terrorists enjoyed little sympathy in the West. Comments were mostly focused on the justifications advanced by terrorists and on complaints that human rights were violated in the course of anti-terrorist operations. The attacks on the USA of 9/11 and then the terrorist attacks on British targets and on synagogues in Istanbul in November 2003 have led to a re-evaluation of the costs that terrorism has imposed on Turkey and to a greater readiness to co-operate with Turkish authorities in facing the continuing menace of terror. The time is now ripe to examine the history of terrorism inside Turkey and against Turkish targets outside the country, and to consider the extent to which it has harmed the country's peaceful development.' USA--ARMED FORCES Defense Strategy for the Post-Saddam Era / by Michael E. O'Hanlon. - Washington : Brookings Institution Press, 2005. x, 148 p.; 23 cm. ID number: 80020326 Type: M Library Location: 355.2 /00287 ISBN: 0815764677 Author(s): 1. O'Hanlon, Michael E. Includes index. 'The author argues here that America's large defense budget cannot realistically be pared in the years ahead. But given the extreme demands of the Iraq mission, particularly on the US Army and Marine Corps, he suggests how reductions in various weapons modernization

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programs and other economies might free up enough funds to add at least 40,000 more ground troops to today's military. He also reviews the military lessons of Afghanistan and Iraq, the Bush administration's new overseas basing plan, and the arguments for and against a draft. The author also addresses the important question of how the United States might encourage and help other countries to share more of the global military burden in areas such as Africa. Finally, he sketches several possible new conflict scenarios that could occupy the American military - or at least its force planners - in the years and decades ahead.' USA--ARMED FORCES--ENCYCLOPEDIAS Encyclopedia of the American Armed Forces. Volume I / by Alan Axelrod. - New York : Facts on File, 2005. xvii, 491 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020278 Type: REF Library Location: 355.2 /00284 REF ISBN: 0816066043 Author(s): 1. Axelrod, Alan 'This two-volume set is divided into four sections, each devoted to one of the four major branches of the US military - the US Army, the US Navy, the US Marine Corps, and the US Air Force. Approximately 1,200 entries cover history; command organization; heroes and leaders; mission and role; equipment, weapons and uniforms; life and traditions; and special terminology. Each volume is organized in an easy-to-use, A-to-Z format.' Encyclopedia of the American Armed Forces. Volume II / by Alan Axelrod. - New York : Facts on File, 2005. xiii, 495 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020279 Type: REF Library Location: 355.2 /00284 REF ISBN: 0816066051 Author(s): 1. Axelrod, Alan USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS America's Failing Empire : US Foreign Relations since the Cold War / by Warren I. Cohen. - Malden, MA : Blackwell, 2005. 204 p.; 23 cm. ID number: 80020330 Type: M Library Location: 327 /01276 ISBN: 1405114266 Author(s): 1. Cohen, Warren I. Bibliography: p. 187-192. Includes index. 'This account of American foreign relations analyzes the last 15 years of foreign policy, since the end of the Cold War, in relation to the last 40 years. In 1989, the US emerged as victor from the Cold War struggle. But what did victory mean ? In the US, commentators were divided in their views : some feared their nation's eclipse by more successful trading powers or blocs; others were concerned that undoubted military pre-eminence was in effect financed by foreigners. A little over a decade later, these worries seem remote - but others have replaced them. The attacks on the World Trade Center on 11 September 2001 gave the US a new and unwelcome sense of vulnerability, while the responses of the Bush administration have created grave misgivings in many parts of the world.'

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USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--EUROPE Partners or Rivals ? : European-American Relations after Iraq. - Milano : Vita e Pensiero, 2005. 350 p.; 22 cm. ID number: 80020329 Type: M Library Location: 327 /01278 ISBN: 883435026X 'To what extent does the latest conflict in Iraq really mark a turning point in contemporary Euro-Atlantic relations ? This is the conundrum at the heart of the book, interpreted by a multinational group of distinguished scholars skillfully gathered to shed light on the theme from different methodological and cultural perspectives. Confronting a subject of heated political debate, the authors pass over day-to-day recriminations to provide a much-needed long-term analytical outlook. The contributions address questions such as the future role of the United States within NATO, the likelihood of the emergence of a militarily autonomous European Union, and Russia's role in today's international arena. Also under scrutiny are the Anglo-American 'special relationship', the significance of the former Soviet-bloc countries controversially qualified as 'New Europe', the impact of transnational peace activism, terrorism and organized crime, and the politics of the European Monetary Union. The book includes a series of brief, insightful commentaries responding to the chapters, establishing connections, and raising questions for further research.' USE OF FORCE (INTERNATIONAL LAW) Redefining Sovereignty : The Use of Force After the Cold War. - Ardsley, NY : Transnational Publishers, 2005. xii, 496 p.; 25 cm. ID number: 80020319 Type: M Library Location: 341.3 /00132 ISBN: 1571053247 Includes index. 'The use of force and the regulation of armed conflict in the 21st century raises new and challenging questions in international law and policy. This timely study brings together leading scholars - including ethicists, political scientists and international lawyers - to address the use of force, beginning with NATO's 1999 intervention in Kosovo up to the US-led invasion of Iraq. In some important respects, the legal regime for force regulation - in place since the adoption of the UN Charter in 1945 - provides a normative restraint on international relations, but is it wholly relevant and effective with regard to contemporary events ? The contributors investigate what options are or should be lawful in the 21st century.' WEAPONS INDUSTRY--EUROPE Histoire de la cooperation europeenne dans l'armement. - Paris : CNRS, 2004. 238 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020296 Type: M Library Location: 623 /01005 ISBN: 2271062780 Bibliography: p. 231-235. 'Quelques annees seulement apres la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la cooperation europeenne en matiere d'armement s'est esquissee pour se developper a tel point qu'elle est devenue une caracteristique dominante de la production d'armement du Vieux Continent, avec, depuis, la conduite d'une centaine de programmes. Fait nouveau et remarquable, cette cooperation associait des Etats jaloux de leurs prerogatives et de leur souverainete, des Etats qui avaient egalement une longue tradition de guerres et de conflits. Des echecs et des difficultes ponctuent cette histoire qui se construit parallelement a l'evolution des relations franco-allemandes mais aussi franco-britanniques et ou interferent activement les Etats-Unis. Cette

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histoire de la cooperation, c'est aussi celle de la transformation economique des firmes europeennes d'armement, marquee par la perte du pouvoir direct de l'Etat sur les entreprises, et un mouvement de concentration. Trois acteurs europeens majeurs vont emerger : EADS, Thales and Bae Systems. Cette Europe industrielle de l'armement est en train de modifier les rapports de force avec les Etats-Unis tout en esquissant une production unique. Ce volume, issu d'un colloque organise par le Comite pour l'histoire de l'armement, propose des etudes detaillees de programmes particuliers, de l'avion Transall au programme d'helicoptere NH 90, et des etudes thematiques. Il confronte d'anciens responsables de la conduite de programmes d'armement a des chercheurs, historiens, economistes ou juristes.' YUGOSLAV WAR, 1991-1995 The Balkans in the New Millennium : In the Shadow of War and Peace / by Tom Gallagher. - Abingdon, UK : Routledge, 2005. xv, 232 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020338 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00936 ISBN: 0415349400 Author(s): 1. Gallagher, Tom Bibliography: p. 216-222. Includes index. 'Can the Balkans ever become a peace peninsula like Scandinavia ? With enlightened backing, can it make common cause with the rest of Europe rather than being an arena of periodic conflicts, political misrule and economic misery ? In the last years of the twentieth century, Western states watched with alarm as a wave of conflicts swept over much of the Balkan Peninsula of South-East Europe. Ethno-nationalist disputes, often stoked by unprincipled leaders, plunged Yugoslavia into bloody warfare. Romania, Bulgaria and Albania struggled to find stability as they reeled from the collapse of the Communist social system. Greece, the only wholly Balkan state to remain outside the Communist bloc, became embroiled in the Yugoslav tragedy. This book examines the politics and international relations of the Balkans during a decade of mounting external involvement in its affairs. The author asks what evidence there is that lessons have been learned and applied as the transatlantic engagement with Balkan problems enters its second decade. His book identifies new problems : organised crime, demographic crises of different kinds and the collapse of a strong employment base. It contains chapters on Bosnia, Serbia, Macedonia and Greece as well as on the Kosovo crisis and the relationship between the European Union and the Balkan region.' YUGOSLAV WAR, 1991-1995--CAUSES The Myth of Ethnic War : Serbia and Croatia in the 1990s / by Valere Philip Gagnon. - Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press, 2004. xxi, 217 p. : ill.; 24 cm. ID number: 80020337 Type: M Library Location: 323 /00935 ISBN: 0801442648 Author(s): 1. Gagnon, Valere Philip Bibliography: p. 201-206. Includes index. 'The author believes that the Yugoslav wars of the 1990s were reactionary moves designed to thwart populations that were threatening the existing structures of political and economic power. He begins with facts at odds with the essentialist view of ethnic identity, such as high intermarriage rates and the very high percentage of draft resisters. These statistics do not comport comfortably with the notion that these wars were the result of ancient blood hatreds or of nationalist leaders using ethnicity to mobilize people into conflict. Yugoslavia in the late 1980s was, in the author's view, on the verge of large-scale sociopolitical and economic change. He shows that

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political and economic elites in Belgrade and Zagreb first created and then manipulated violent conflict along ethnic lines as a way to short-circuit the dynamics of political change. This strategy of violence was thus a means for these threatened elites to demobilize the population. The author's noteworthy and rather controversial argument provides us with a substantially new way of understanding the politics of ethnicity.'

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SELECTED LIST OF JOURNAL ARTICLES BY SUBJECT SELECTION D'ARTICLES DE REVUES CLASSES PAR SUJET

____________________________________________________________________________ BLACK SEA REGION--NATIONAL SECURITY Security in and around the Black Sea : Is a Virtuous Circle Now Possible ? / by Stephen Blank., 2005. (MEDITERRANEAN QUARTERLY, vol. 16, no. 3, Summer 2005, p. 44-66.) ID Number: JA021897 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Blank, Stephen CASUALTY AVERSION (MILITARY SCIENCE) Considering Casualties., 2005. (ARMED FORCES AND SOCIETY, vol. 31, no. 4, Summer 2005, Special Issue.) ID Number: JA021882 Type: ART CONFLICTS Les conflits fluides : concepts et scenarios / by Aline Leboeuf., 2005. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, 70e annee, no. 3, 2005, p. 625-638.) ID Number: JA021893 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Leboeuf, Aline La capacite de transformation rapide de l'ensemble de leurs composantes devient un caractere de plus en plus marquant des conflits du champ international. Cette fluidite redefinit les acteurs - sociologie, modes de fonctionnement, objectifs -, leurs modes operatoires et la dynamique generale des conflits du nouvel environnement international. Les acteurs etatiques doivent voir le developpement de ces conflits fluides comme un defi futur d'importance. COUNTERTERRORISM--USA Contending Cultures of Counterterrorism : Transatlantic Divergence or Convergence ? / by Wyn Rees, Richard J. Aldrich., 2005. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 81, no. 5, October 2005, p. 905-923.) ID Number: JA021910 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Rees, Wyn 2. Aldrich, Richard J. Terrorist attacks on the United States, Spain and the United Kingdom have underlined the differing responses of Europe and the United States to the 'new terrorism'. This article analyses these responses through the prism of historically determined strategic cultures. For the last four years the United States has directed the full resources of a 'national security' approach towards this threat and has emphasized unilateralism. Europe, based on its own past experience of terrorism, has adopted a regulatory approach pursued through multilateralism. These divergences in transatlantic approaches, with potentially major implications for the future of the relationship,

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have appeared to be mitigated by a revised American strategy of counterterrorism that has emerged during 2005. However, this article contends that while strategic doctrines may change, the more immutable nature of strategic culture will make convergence difficult. This problem will be compounded by the fact that neither Europe nor America have yet addressed the deeper connections between terrorism and the process of globalization. CYPRUS--HISTORY--CYPRUS CRISIS, 1974- Cyprus in the European Union : Prospects for Reunification, Peace with Turkey, and Regional Stability / by Euripides L. Evriviades., 2005. (MEDITERRANEAN QUARTERLY, vol. 16, no. 3, Summer 2005, p. 1-16.) ID Number: JA021895 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Evriviades, Euripides L. DEMOCRATIZATION Promoting Democracy Abroad., 2005. (DEMOCRATIZATION, vol. 12, no. 4, August 2005, Special Issue.) ID Number: JA021881 Type: ART DEMOCRATIZATION--ARAB COUNTRIES US Democracy Promotion in the Arab Middle East since 11 September 2001 : A Critique / by Katerina Dalacoura., 2005. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 81, no. 5, October 2005, p. 963-979.) ID Number: JA021912 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Dalacoura, Katerina Promoting democracy in the Middle East has been a key foreign policy objective of the Bush administration since 11 September 2001. Democratizing the Arab world, in particular, is seen as an important instrument in the 'war on terror'. To help democratize the Arab Middle East, the US initiated a number of policies which, it claims, have encouraged reform. But what has really been the impact of US initiatives ? This article examines the implementation of US democracy promotion policies across the Arab region, and in particular Arab countries, and argues that is has had mixed results. The article suggests three reasons why this is so. First, democracy is part of a wider set of US interests and concerns with which it is frequently in contradiction. Second, the Bush administration conceives democracy as a panacea : it overlooks the problems its implementation may cause and lacks clear ideas about achieving this implementation. Third, democracy promotion policies have limited outcomes because neither a politically neutral nor a more interventionist approach can initiate a reform process if it is not already underway for domestic reasons. On the basis of the three critiques, the article concludes with recommendations for US policy.

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DEMOCRATIZATION--MIDDLE EAST The Predicament of 'Civil Society' in Central Asia and the 'Greater Middle East' / by Olivier Roy., 2005. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 81, no. 5, October 2005, p. 1001-1012.) ID Number: JA021913 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Roy, Olivier This article discusses the concept of 'civil society' and how it has been used by the international community to promote democratization. It addresses some of the dimensions and side-effects of the policy, such as the relationship with traditional societies and power networks. It also addresses the importance of attending to the conditions of implementation, political issues such as nationalism and Islam, and political actors who may only have recent democratic credentials. Political democratization - free elections - is clearly popular in the Greater Middle East and Central Asia. During the last two years people have voted every time they have had the opportunity, despite the dangers. The debate concerning the compatibility of Islam and democracy overlooks the fact that the main obstacle to democratization in the area is usually not a religious but a secular authoritarian regime. The difficulty of building a democracy with people we do not consider to be democrats is discussed. There can be no democratization process without taking into account the mainstream Islamist parties and without acknowledging the importance of nationalism. There is a clash between the 'war on terror' approach and the call for elections : one cannot put Hamas and Hezbollah on the terrorist list and call for free elections in which both would emerge as legitimate and representative political movements. DEMOGRAPHY--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) Ruslands demografische crisis : tegenover de Chinese reus een Russische dwerg ? / by Marc Jansen., 2005. (INTERNATIONALE SPECTATOR, jg. 59, nr. 10, oktober 2005, p. 520-523.) ID Number: JA021904 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Jansen, Marc The author argues that since the 1990s Russia is facing a demographic crisis of dramatic proportions, unprecedented in times of peace. Annually, the population declines with some 750,000 people, without compensations by means of immigration. According to prognostications, by 2050 the population (143.7 million in 2004) may be reduced to 100 million or even less. Hit hardest by this depopulation is the Russian Far East, and Russians fear Chinese will fill the gap. Underlying this demographic crisis is a low birth rate, in accordance with the general European trend, in combination with an un-European high death rate, resulting from diseases, alcoholism, an AIDS epidemic, drug addiction, and a deficient health care - to mention some of the main causes. Apart from potential geopolitical consequences, supply of labour and of recruits will also drop substantially. Notwithstanding the seriousness of the situation, for the time being the Russian government is taking little action, neither is it an issue among the population.

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EMP L'UE et la relance du volet 'politique et securite' du Processus de Barcelone / by Jean-Francois Coustilliere., 2005. (DEFENSE NATIONALE, 61e annee, no. 10, octobre 2005, p. 149-158.) ID Number: JA021866 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Coustilliere, Jean-Francois Quelles que puissent etre les appreciations sur le bilan du Processus de Barcelone, il semble evident, compte tenu de la complexite de l'exercice et des enjeux en cause, qu'il est necessaire de poursuivre la demarche entreprise. En effet, la voie empruntee vers un reel partenariat, dans la co-responsabilite, conserve toutes ses qualites et sa pertinence. Il convient donc de rechercher les moyens de relancer le Processus et de renforcer ses chances de succes. Cette ambition suppose sans doute de lever quelques ambiguites et de lui attribuer les moyens de son autonomie. La politique europeenne de voisinage : un depassement du partenariat euro-mediterraneen / by Azzam Mahjoub., 2005. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, 70e annee, no. 3, 2005, p. 535-544.) ID Number: JA021888 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Mahjoub, Azzam La politique europeenne de voisinage peut approfondir le partenariat euro-mediterraneen et aider plus decisivement a la reforme des societes du Sud. Mais il faudrait reconnaitre le droit au developpement comme objectif central, avec les consequences qui en decoulent; clarifier l'horizon du rapprochement avec l'acquis communautaire; et que les membres de l'Union acceptent de s'ouvrir dans deux domaines essentiels pour leurs partenaires : les produits agricoles et l'immigration. Le partenariat, une methode europeenne de democratisation en Mediterranee ? / by Dorothee Schmid., 2005. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, 70e annee, no. 3, 2005, p. 545-557.) ID Number: JA021889 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Schmid, Dorothee Le projet de Barcelone vise a stabiliser la region mediterraneenne par la diffusion de la democratie, elle-meme inseparable de l'ouverture economique. L'activisme americain eclipse actuellement les efforts europeens en matiere de democratisation; les strategies americaine et europeenne ont en fait chacune leur logique, mais se heurtent aux memes dilemmes. La montee en puissance du debat democratique pesera sur le sommet de Barcelone et pourrait inspirer un renforcement du volet politique du partenariat euro-mediterraneen. ETHNIC RELATIONS Addressing Ethnic Divisions in Post-Conflict Institution-Building : Lessons from Recent Cases / by Sven Gunnar Simonsen., 2005. (SECURITY DIALOGUE, vol. 36, no. 3, September 2005, p. 297-318.) ID Number: JA021859 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Simonsen, Sven Gunnar Where the lines of an armed conflict coincide with ethnic boundaries, the political salience of ethnicity increases. In post-conflict situations that may seem defined by 'ancient hatreds', the political salience and character of ethnic identities remain dynamic. Bringing together contributions from the comparative politics literature on power-sharing and the policy-dominated field of post-conflict peacebuilding, this article examines how ethnic divisions have been

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addressed in recent cases of institution-building directed by international forces following military intervention - in Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, and Iraq. It finds that an 'assumption of intransigence' has often influenced decisions on institutional design, and that the institutionalization of ethnicity has become an important hindrance to peacebuilding. Against this background, the article argues in favor of institutional designs that do not fixate the accentuation on ethnicity in politics : more flexible ways should be sought to assure inclusivity and representativeness for different ethnic groups. There exists a wide range of institutional-design options that can be combined, on the basis of in-depth assessments of each individual conflict, to de-ethnicize politics and build sustainable peace. EU--UNITED NATIONS La PESD et l'ONU : un couple parfait ? / by Peter Schmidt., 2005. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, 70e annee, no. 3, 2005, p. 613-624.) ID Number: JA021892 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Schmidt, Peter L'Union europeenne a pris nombre de dispositions renforcant ses liens avec l'ONU et accroissant son role dans les operations menees au profit de l'Organisation. Les relations futures des deux entites dependront d'avancees dans divers domaines : le domaine financier et la reforme du Conseil de securite en particulier. L'accession de l'Allemagne au Conseil comme membre permanent pourrait renforcer la synergie entre elles, en particulier au profit de l'Afrique. EUROPEAN CONSTITUTION Face a la crise, quelles perspectives pour l'Union europeenne ? / by Jean-Marc Ferry., 2005. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, 70e annee, no. 3, 2005, p. 511-522.) ID Number: JA021887 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Ferry, Jean-Marc Les defis de l'elargissement et de la constitutionnalisation etaient rudes. Le premier impliquait surtout un risque d'utilisation neo-liberale des disparites entre l'Ouest et l'Est europeens. Quant au texte a ratifier, il a echoue a creer le patriotisme constitutionnel necessaire. Il est urgent de s'interroger sur les finalites et les formes possibles de l'integration, en delaissant la fausse evidence federaliste, les peuples se reappropriant les questions aujourd'hui contestees. UE : un moment tocquevillien / by Kalypso Nicolaidis., 2005. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, 70e annee, no. 3, 2005, p. 497-509.) ID Number: JA021886 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Nicolaidis, Kalypso La voie constitutionnelle choisie a echoue parce qu'elle n'a pas pris la vraie mesure des contradictions actuelles de la construction europeenne. L'exigence de democratisation, qui demeurera, et l'ambition constitutionnelle devront etre redefinies dans un vaste debat sur la duree necessaire de la transition politique, et sur notre 'demoi-cratie' europeenne. Dans ce debat, la place de la France sera centrale; mais les Francais devront sans doute faire evoluer fondamentalement leur vision de l'Europe future.

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FEDERAL GOVERNMENT Imposed and Proposed Federations : Issues of Self-Determination and Constitutional Design in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Cyprus, Sri Lanka and Iraq / by Tozun Bahcheli, Sid Noel., 2005. (CYPRUS REVIEW, vol. 17, no. 1, Spring 2005, p. 13-36.) ID Number: JA021903 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Bahcheli, Tozun 2. Noel, Sid Federations are complex political systems that vary widely in their origins, constitutional design, and operative political processes. They are even more complex when they combine regional autonomy for a geographically concentrated ethnic group with consociational power sharing in the central government. It is not surprising that the history of federations contains many examples of failure. Yet federation plus consociationalism remains the option most widely prescribed by international interveners as the most suitable form of government for deeply divided or post-conflict societies. The classic literature on federalism and consociationalism contains important formulations of the conditions that are conducive to success or failure that modern works tend to ignore. This paper revives these classic formulations and applies them to cases where federalism has either been imposed or is being actively promoted by the international community. The question addressed is whether the conditions that earlier writers regarded as essential for success are present. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT--IRAQ Federalisme in de Irakese grondwet / by Olaf Merk., 2005. (INTERNATIONALE SPECTATOR, jg. 59, nr. 10, oktober 2005, p. 530-532.) ID Number: JA021906 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Merk, Olaf The author surveys aspects of federalism in the draft Constitution of Iraq. Federalism in itself does not guarantee stability. Much depends on the exact design of federal institutions. The draft Constitution is promising in this respect : it contains sensible paragraphs on autonomy for minorities, decentralisation of expenditure assignments and allocation of oil revenues. At the same time, however, it contains risks. The Sunni leaders oppose federalism, the position of the city of Kirkurk remains unclear and a compensation scheme has to be worked out for groups that were previously deprived of oil revenues. This could impede stability. Nevertheless, acceptance of the Constitution in the October 15th referendum - provided there is substantial Sunni support - will be a considerable step forward. GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL State-Centric Balance-of-Threat Theory : Explaining the Misunderstood Gulf Cooperation Council / by Scott Cooper., 2003. (SECURITY STUDIES, vol. 13, no. 2, Winter 2003 - 2004, p. 306-349.) ID Number: JA021883 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Cooper, Scott The Gulf Cooperation Council presents an interesting puzzle for scholars of both international security and international political economy. Founded in 1981 by six countries on the Arabian (or Persian) Gulf - Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Oman - the Gulf Cooperation Council is an unusual hybrid of economic and security institutions. Typically treated in the IPE literature as a regional economic institution and in the security

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literature as an alliance, the GCC is rarely viewed in its entirety, as a complicated regional endeavor involving cooperation in external and internal security, foreign policy, trade, and finance. It thus presents a challenge for scholars of both security studies and IPE, resisting full explanation by either. HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION Humanitarian Intervention in an Era of Pre-emptive Self-Defence / by Jim Whitman., 2005. (SECURITY DIALOGUE, vol. 36, no. 3, September 2005, p. 259-274.) ID Number: JA021858 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Whitman, Jim The dichotomy between prohibitive law and moral responsibility is at the centre of debates about the legitimacy of humanitarian intervention. However, political interests remain an important factor not only in determining and tempering the humanitarian impulses of states, but also for gauging their more general adherence to the rule of law. The humanitarian intervention debate only has meaning in a context in which there is general, routine adherence to the non-interventionist norm of the international system, codified as Article 2(4) of the UN Charter. The 'Bush Doctrine' of pre-emptive self-defence alters the political and politico-legal context that has until now given the humanitarian intervention debate its meaning and importance. Given this, together with a more general loosening of the strictures prohibiting or limiting the use of force, there is good cause for concern about the foundations of the post-1945 international order. The debate about humanitarian intervention can no longer abstract the tension between law and morality from a political arena that is facing such profound challenges. INDIA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--PAKISTAN South Asia's Arms Control Process : Cricket Diplomacy and the Composite Dialogue / by Stuart Croft., 2005. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 81, no. 5, October 2005, p. 1039-1060.) ID Number: JA021915 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Croft, Stuart Nuclear arms control on the Indian subcontinent has had a rather chequered immediate past. In far less than ten years talks have begun, both sides have formally become nuclear powers, fought a war, nearly fought another, have threatened each other with dire consequences, and yet have reached important agreements. This article traces those developments, particularly focusing on the recent talks, from the end of 2003. It sets out the limits to the current process, but also the possibilities for further important advances. This is a crucial process : Indian-Pakistani relations are highly crisis prone, and the nuclear dimension may add to that. Symbols - as in all processes - have been very important, and the ability of the two countries to talk politics and play cricket has been highly significant; it symbolizes the hope for the future.

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INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Hard Times for Soft Balancing / by Stephen G. Brooks, William C. Wohlforth., 2005. (INTERNATIONAL SECURITY, vol. 30, no. 1, Summer 2005, p. 72-108.) ID Number: JA021920 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Brooks, Stephen G. 2. Wohlforth, William C. The development of the concept of soft balancing is an attempt to stretch balance of power theory to encompass an international system in which traditional counterbalancing among the major powers is absent. There are two fundamental flaws, however, in current treatments of soft balancing : the failure to consider alternative explanations for state actions that have the effect of constraining the United States, and the absence of empirical analysis of the phenomenon. A comparison of soft balancing and four alternative explanations in the main cases highlighted by proponents of the concept - Russia's strategic partnerships with China and India, Russian assistance to Iran's nuclear program, the European Union's efforts to enhance its defense capability, and opposition to the US-led Iraq war in 2003 - reveals no empirical support for the soft-balancing explanation. The lack of evidence for the relevance of balancing dynamics in contemporary great-power relations indicates that further investments in adapting balance of power theory to today's unipolar system will not yield analytical dividends. Waiting for Balancing : Why the World Is Not Pushing Back / by Keir A. Lieber, Gerard Alexander., 2005. (INTERNATIONAL SECURITY, vol. 30, no. 1, Summer 2005, p. 109-139.) ID Number: JA021921 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Lieber, Keir A. 2. Alexander, Gerard Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, many observers predicted a rise in balancing against the United States. More recently, the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003 has generated renewed warnings of an incipient global backlash. Indeed, some analysts claim that signs of traditional hard balancing can already be detected, while others argue that in the aftermath of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, US grand strategy has generated a new phenomenon known as soft balancing, in which states seek to undermine and restrain US power in ways that fall short of classic measures. There is little credible evidence, however, that major powers are engaging in either hard or soft balancing against the United States. The absence of hard balancing is explained by the lack of underlying motivation to compete strategically with the United States under current conditions. Soft balancing is much ado about nothing : the concept is difficult to define or operationalize; the behavior seems identical to traditional diplomatic friction; and, regardless, specific predictions of soft balancing are not supported by the evidence. Balancing against the United States is not occurring because contemporary US grand strategy, despite widespread criticism, poses a threat to only a very limited number of regimes and terrorist groups. Most countries either share US strategic interests in the war on terrorism or do not have a direct stake in the conflict. As such, balancing behavior is likely only among a narrowly circumscribed list of states and actors being targeted by the United States.

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Soft Balancing against the United States / by Robert A. Pape., 2005. (INTERNATIONAL SECURITY, vol. 30, no. 1, Summer 2005, p. 7-45.) ID Number: JA021918 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Pape, Robert A. The George W. Bush administration's national security strategy, which asserts that the United States has the right to attack and conquer sovereign countries that pose no observable threat, and to do so without international support, is one of the most aggressively unilateral US postures ever taken. Recent international relations scholarship has wrongly promoted the view that the United States, as the leader of a unipolar system, can pursue such a policy without fear of serious opposition. The most consequential effect of the Bush strategy will be a fundamental transformation in how major states perceive the United States and how they react to future uses of US power. Major powers are already engaging in the early stages of balancing behavior against the United States, by adopting 'soft-balancing' measures that do not directly challenge US military preponderance but use international institutions, economic statecraft, and diplomatic arrangements to delay, frustrate, and undermine US policies. If the Bush administration continues to pursue aggressive unilateral military policies, increased soft balancing could establish the basis for hard balancing against the United States. To avoid this outcome, the United States should renounce the systematic use of preventive war, as well as other aggressive unilateral military policies, and return to its traditional policy governing the use of force - a case-by-case calculation of costs and benefits. Soft Balancing in the Age of US Primacy / by T. V. Paul., 2005. (INTERNATIONAL SECURITY, vol. 30, no. 1, Summer 2005, p. 46-71.) ID Number: JA021919 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Paul, T. V. Analysts have argued that balance of power theory has become irrelevant to understanding state behavior in the post-Cold War international system dominated by the United States. Second-tier major powers (such as China, France, and Russia) and emerging powers (such as Germany and India) have refrained from undertaking traditional hard balancing through the formation of alliances or arms buildups. None of these states fears a loss of its sovereign existence as a result of increasing US power. Nevertheless, some of these same states have engaged in soft-balancing strategies, including the formation of temporary coalitions and institutional bargaining, mainly within the United Nations, to constrain the power as well as the threatening behavior of the United States. Actions taken by others in response to US military intervention in the Kosovo conflict of 1999 and the Iraq war of 2003 offer examples of soft balancing against the United States. IRAN--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT La nouvelle presidence iranienne : un jeu a multiples inconnues / by Michel Makinsky., 2005. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, 70e annee, no. 3, 2005, p. 561-574.) ID Number: JA021890 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Makinsky, Michel La victoire du maire de Teheran s'explique par la division du camp reformiste, l'echec de ce dernier a s'attaquer aux problemes sociaux et economiques, et la montee en puissance des ultras face aux conservateurs moderes. Elle traduit sans conteste un renforcement de l'aile dure du regime, et en particulier de l'influence des pasdarans, qui correspond au rejet populaire d'un regime corrompu. L'unite

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politique retrouvee du regime se traduira-t-elle par des choix, internes et exterieurs, clairs ? IRAQ WAR, 2003 What Was It All About After All ? The Causes of the Iraq War / by Hakan Tunc., 2005. (CONTEMPORARY SECURITY POLICY, vol. 26, no. 2, August 2005, p. 335-355.) ID Number: JA021862 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Tunc, Hakan The least understood aspect of the ongoing war in Iraq is what caused America to invade the country in the first place. The Bush administration's reasons for going to war are still subject to intense controversy. Popular explanations for the war, stressing America's need for dominance or its desire for Iraq's oil, are erroneous or secondary. This article argues that a careful reading of accounts of White House decision-making point to one overriding rationale : the war on terrorism. The single most important factor in the decision to go to war was the change in President Bush's position towards Iraq after September 11. This convinced the administration that toppling Saddam Hussein was essential for three basic reasons : a military rationale of eliminating Iraq's weapons of mass destruction, based on the assumption that Saddam Hussein could pass his presumed WMD to terrorists; a psychological rationale of demonstrating American resolve and discrediting perceptions of American weakness; and most importantly an ideological rationale of transforming the political culture of the Middle East, beginning with a democratic regime in Baghdad to serve as a model for other Arab countries and Iran. The specific nature of these factors reinforces the uniqueness of the Iraq war. It is highly unlikely that the US will undertake similar action against other foes such as Iran, North Korea or Syria in the foreseeable future. IRAQ WAR, 2003--GERMANY The Test of Strategic Culture : Germany, Pacifism and Pre-emptive Strikes / by Anja Dalgaard-Nielsen., 2005. (SECURITY DIALOGUE, vol. 36, no. 3, September 2005, p. 339-359.) ID Number: JA021860 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Dalgaard-Nielsen, Anja Germany was the first country to issue a categorical refusal to support the US-led war in Iraq. Some have interpreted this as the result of a clash between the strategic cultures of Germany and the USA, others as a sign that a more nationalistic and assertive Germany is emerging. This article explains the apparently contradictory aspects of Germany's stance on Iraq by identifying two competing strands within Germany's strategic culture. It concludes that the German refusal signals neither a reversion to a pacifist stance nor that Germany is in a process of shedding the bonds and alliances that have so far framed the reunified Germany's military policy. Iraq simply showed that Germany, like most other countries, has conditions that have to be met - in Germany's case, conditions flowing from the coexistence of two competing schools of thought within Germany's strategic culture.

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ISLAM AND POLITICS The Future of Political Islam : The Importance of External Variables., 2005. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 81, no. 5, October 2005, p. 951-961.) ID Number: JA021911 Type: ART Much has been written about the potential of political Islam to affect in major ways the future of Muslim societies and polities around the world. However, most analyses of political Islam that explicitly try to assess its future potential concentrate on its innate characteristics as a political ideology with the propensity to mobilize its adherents for purposes of regime change or social transformation or both. Therefore, these analyses emphasize the inherent nature of, and the in-built contradictions within, Islamism. Far less has been written about the environment external to the phenomenon of Islamism, namely, the milieu in which Islamist groups operate and propagate their ideology. Moreover, only a minuscule portion of the writings on political Islam try explicitly to analyse the impact that variables external to the inherent characteristics of political Islam are likely to have on Islamism's future prospects. This article attempts to fill this gap by putting Islamism in a wider perspective an by analysing the impact of environmental factors external to Islamism as an ideology, and largely outside the control of Islamists, on the future potential of political Islam. ISLAM--SAUDI ARABIA Rethinking Religion : The Legacy of the US-Saudi Relationship / by Rachel Bronson., 2005. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 28, no. 4, Autumn 2005, p. 121-137.) ID Number: JA021878 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Bronson, Rachel Saudi Arabia's religiosity was an asset to the US during the Cold War, but it has since become a political liability. Religion is the core of the so-called battle for hearts and minds and, although profoundly uncomfortable, must be addressed as part of a strategic reformulation of the bilateral relationship. JAPAN--NATIONAL SECURITY Naar normalisering van Japans veiligheids- en defensiebeleid : zorgen over China en Korea / by Kees Hooman., 2005. (INTERNATIONALE SPECTATOR, jg. 59, nr. 10, oktober 2005, p. 507-511.) ID Number: JA021908 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Hooman, Kees The author surveys the current security and defence policy of Japan. The self-defence capability that Japan is allowed to have is limited to the minimum set out by the limitations of article 9 of the post-Second World War Japanese Constitution. However, Japan's enhanced security activity over the last decade demonstrates that it is seeking to abandon such self-imposed constraints on its exercise of military power. With changes in international circumstances and the Asia-Pacific security environment, Japan quickens the pace on its path to becoming a relevant political and military actor. North Korea and China have emerged as 'areas of concern' for Japan. To counter the threat of a limited strike from North Korea, Japan participates in American ballistic missile defence research and development. Three of the main areas of friction between China and Japan are the Yasukuni Shrine, the history text books and the Taiwan issue. The new Defence guidelines direct Japan towards a more flexible and mobile structure

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of the self-defence forces that can be used to support US-led expeditionary operations. The strengthened Japan-US security arrangements are an indispensable part of Japan's security policy. Revision of the Constitution in the near future is likely, especially with a view to the right of collective self-defence. KOREA (SOUTH)--FOREIGN RELATIONS--KOREA (NORTH) South Korea's Squeeze Play / by Scott Snyder., 2005. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 28, no. 4, Autumn 2005, p. 93-106.) ID Number: JA021877 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Snyder, Scott Seoul's independent options are almost nonexistent as it has been and remains trapped between obligations to its US alliance and its efforts to improve relations with North Korea. Nevertheless, South Korea may choose to play a politically risky role as an honest broker. KOREA (SOUTH)--NATIONAL SECURITY A View from Asia : The North Korean Missile Threat and Missile Defense in the Context of South Korea's Changing National Security Debate / by Chung Min Lee., 2005. (COMPARATIVE STRATEGY, vol. 24, no. 3, July - September 2005, p. 253-275.) ID Number: JA021869 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Lee, Chung Min This article examines the current state of the national security debate in South Korea in the context of rapid democratization, a growing desire on the part of South Korea to pursue a more balanced and independent foreign policy posture even as it retains its core alliance with the United States, and the confluence of political and strategic perceptions. While the missile defense issue continues to remain as a relatively minor facet of South Korea's overall national security debate, it illustrates the extent to which South Korean views have shifted since the end of the Cold War but particularly since the advent of the Kim Dae Jung government (1998-2003) and continuing well into the administration of Roh Moo Hyun. Specifically, the article traces the changing contours of South Korea's national security paradigm, Seoul's 'New Thinking' on key foreign policy and national security issues, the missile threat and missile defense, and on-going Defense in the Context of South Korea's Changing National efforts to modernize the US-ROK alliance. KOSOVO (SERBIA)--INTERNATIONAL STATUS Kosovo and Serbia after the French Non / by Elizabeth Pond., 2005. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 28, no. 4, Autumn 2005, p. 19-36.) ID Number: JA021874 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Pond, Elizabeth If the promise to let Kosovo and Serbia ultimately join the EU is now rescinded in the wake of the French referendum, the continent's remarkable democratic transformation may yet exclude the Western Balkans just as the West's long and costly commitment could finally be paying off.

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KOSOVO (SERBIA)--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT Containing Kosovo / by Gordon N. Bardos., 2005. (MEDITERRANEAN QUARTERLY, vol. 16, no. 3, Summer 2005, p. 17-43.) ID Number: JA021896 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Bardos, Gordon N. MUSLIMS--USA Islam in America : Separate but Unequal / by Geneive Abdo., 2005. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 28, no. 4, Autumn 2005, p. 7-17.) ID Number: JA021873 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Abdo, Geneive While Washington focuses its campaign to win hearts and minds on Muslims abroad, pressing issues will soon challenge America at home. Will the United States successfully meet the greatest challenge to its melting pot identity and domestically make room for this potent cultural and religious force ? NARCOTICS, CONTROL OF--AFGHANISTAN Afghanistan : When Counternarcotics Undermines Counterterrorism / by Vanda Felbab-Brown., 2005. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 28, no. 4, Autumn 2005, p. 55-72.) ID Number: JA021875 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Felbab-Brown, Vanda Paradoxically, counternarcotics efforts in Afghanistan frequently complicate counterterrorism and counterinsurgency objectives and can even undermine democratization. Counternarcotics strategy should concentrate instead on strengthening the Afghan state's capacity. NATO OTAN : pour un nouveau rapport Harmel / by Jean Dufourcq, Carlo Masala., 2005. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, 70e annee, no. 3, 2005, p. 641-652.) ID Number: JA021894 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Dufourcq, Jean 2. Masala, Carlo Le concept strategique adopte en 1999 ne suffit pas a definir ni a organiser concretement les nouvelles taches de l'Alliance. Il est temps qu'intervienne une reflexion de fond sur l'avenir de l'Alliance, son role, ses espaces d'intervention, ses relations avec l'Union europeenne. Une Commission de haut niveau pourrait etre chargee de rediger un rapport comparable au rapport Harmel de 1967 : au-dela du technique, la transformation de l'Alliance doit aussi etre politique. NUCLEAR WARFARE--INDIA India's Nuclear Doctrine and Command Structure : Implications for India and the World / by Harsh V. Pant., 2005. (COMPARATIVE STRATEGY, vol. 24, no. 3, July - September 2005, p. 277-293.) ID Number: JA021870 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Pant, Harsh V. In January 2003, nearly five years after openly declaring itself as a nuclear weapon state, India finalized its nuclear command structure

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and formalized its nuclear doctrine. This work argues that while a clear enunciation of its nuclear doctrine and command structure will enhance regional stability and assure the international community, it is at the operational level that India continues to, and will have to work harder to, achieve its nuclear policy goals. Nations base their nuclear doctrines and command structures on the assumptions of traditional nuclear deterrence theory. However, as this paper demonstrates, at the operational level, the simple coherence and elegance of nuclear deterrence theory begins to break down. This is the challenge that India faces as it tries to evolve into a 'nuclear weapon state'. NUCLEAR WEAPONS--IRAN L'Iran nucleaire : la course contre la montre / by Therese Delpech., 2005. (POLITIQUE ETRANGERE, 70e annee, no. 3, 2005, p. 575-584.) ID Number: JA021891 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Delpech, Therese L'accession a la presidence d'un ultra-conservateur a eloigne encore la perspective d'une issue positive de la negociation engagee par les Europeens avec Teheran. On assiste desormais a une veritable course contre la montre ou le temps necessaire pour prendre les decisions qui s'imposent au Conseil des gouverneurs de l'AIEA et au Conseil de securite doit etre inferieur a celui dont les Iraniens ont besoin pour franchir la derniere etape avant l'enrichissement de l'uranium. A la fin aout, l'avantage est a l'Iran. NUCLEAR WEAPONS--KOREA (NORTH) Learning to Live with Uncertainty : The Strategic Implications of North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Capability / by Andrew O'Neil., 2005. (CONTEMPORARY SECURITY POLICY, vol. 26, no. 2, August 2005, p. 317-334.) ID Number: JA021861 Type: ART Author(s): 1. O'Neil, Andrew This article challenges the popular assumption that North Korea's nuclear weapons capability poses a dire threat to international security. It argues that the adverse impact of North Korea's acquisition of nuclear weapons has been exaggerated and that pessimistic accounts of the strategic implications of this capability have overlooked the strong status quo bias inherent in North Korea's worldview. These accounts have also glossed over the primarily defensive motives underpinning Pyongyang's quest for nuclear weapons. There are dangers attached to North Korea's nuclear capability, especially the possible transfer of fissile material to terrorist groups or rogue states, and the effect it may have in spurring regional neighbours to reassess their non-nuclear status. Contrary to common assumptions, however, the idea that a nuclear-armed North Korea is determined to foment regional instability and challenge the strategic status quo in East Asia is not suported by a close reading of Pyongyang's motives and worldview. The behaviour and statements of the regime suggest that the DPRK is predisposed to accept the logic of deterrence in its relationship with the US. As long as Washington maintains an active and robust posture of extended strategic deterrence on the Korean peninsula, the regime in Pyongyang will continue to be dissuaded from initiating the use of nuclear weapons against other regional states.

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Inside Multilateralism : The Six-Party Talks / by John S. Park., 2005. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 28, no. 4, Autumn 2005, p. 75-91.) ID Number: JA021876 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Park, John S. Despite extensive diplomatic efforts to facilitate the six-party talks, domestic policy constraints, differing priorities, and conflicting historical analogies among each of the countries have brought vastly differing perspectives to the multilateral negotiating table. PARTITION, TERRITORIAL Keeping the Peace after Secession : Territorial Conflicts between Rump and Secessionist States / by Jaroslav Tir., 2005. (JOURNAL OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION, vol. 49, no. 5, October 2005, p. 713-741.) ID Number: JA021917 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Tir, Jaroslav Secession is an attempt to resolve a domestically based territorial dispute by dividing a country's homeland territory into new, secessionist (e.g., Eritrea) and rump (e.g., Ethiopia) states. Yet, the secession may not have resolved the original dispute to the states' satisfaction. In the aftermath of a secession, the leader of the rump state is motivated to use force by the benefits of retaking (some of) the land lost to the secessionist state, while the secessionist state's leader is motivated by the benefits of acquiring even more land. The peaceful versus violent secession process further affects whether these desires escalate into the use of force. The results - based on the examination of the consequences of all twentieth-century secessions - reveal that ethnically based territorial disputes play a much greater role in conflict onset than do their economically or strategically based counterparts and that peaceful secessions lead to peaceful relations. POLAND--FOREIGN RELATIONS--GERMANY (WEST) Shadows of the Past in Polish-German Relations / by Jerzy Kranz., 2005. (POLISH QUARTERLY OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 14, no. 1, Winter 2005, p. 5-49.) ID Number: JA021901 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Kranz, Jerzy POLAND--FOREIGN RELATIONS--GERMANY Poland and Germany : What Past, What Future ? / by Klaus Ziemer., 2005. (POLISH QUARTERLY OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 14, no. 1, Winter 2005, p. 50-68.) ID Number: JA021902 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Ziemer, Klaus The author tries to find answers to three groups of questions : First, what is the relationship between Poland and Germany now, 60 years after World War II has ended, from the point of view of international law ? Are there any unsolved problems caused by the war ? Second, how can current political, economic, military, cultural, etc. relations between these two countries be characterized ? And third, why has the

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positive spirit of Polish-German relations been disturbed ever more frequently over the last three or four years, casting doubt on many of the achievements in the field of rapprochement and cooperation between Poland and Germany, and what does this mean for future bilateral relations ? POSTWAR RECONSTRUCTION--IRAQ Planning Post-Conflict Reconstruction in Iraq : What Can We Learn ? / by Andrew Rathmell., 2005. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 81, no. 5, October 2005, p. 1013-1038.) ID Number: JA021914 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Rathmell, Andrew Efforts to improve national and international capabilities to plan and manage post-conflict reconstruction operations are underway in many countries and are high on the agenda of several multilateral institutions. The international community has learned lessons from the numerous post-conflict reconstruction and nation-building operations that it has engaged in since the end of the Cold War but Iraq represented the most difficult and ambitious operation undertaken to date. Although the coalition effort in Iraq had many unique features, we can nonetheless draw lessons from the tenure of the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) both for the ongoing effort in Iraq and more broadly for future post-conflict reconstruction operations. This article discusses the challenges of post-conflict reconstruction planning and mission management and assesses what happened under the CPA. It draws lessons for the future international effort in Iraq and for the international community as it considers how to plan and organize future such missions. ROMANIA--ARMED FORCES The Reform of the Romanian Armed Forces., 2005. (MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, vol. 29, no. 10, 2005, p. 57-59.) ID Number: JA021871 Type: ART The Romanian military reform process aims to build up smaller, modern, flexible, expeditionary, and NATO-interoperable armed forces, able to deter and counteract current threats to the security of Romania and its Allies. ROMANIA--NATIONAL SECURITY Romania as a Regional Security Provider., 2005. (MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, vol. 29, no. 10, 2005, p. 50-54.) ID Number: JA021872 Type: ART Romania's national security is directly influenced by its geographical location at the junction of four areas : Central Europe, South East Europe, Eastern Europe and Black Sea-Caucasus-Central Asia, extending into the Mediterranean and Middle East. This geo-strategic positioning represents an advantage in promoting a stabilisation and engagement policy for these areas by developing intra- and inter-regional cooperation, in direct connection with international organisations such as the UN, NATO, EU and OSCE, in order to counteract threats to continental and global security.

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SAUDI ARABIA--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT The Irony of Islah (Reform) / by Gwenn Okruhlik., 2005. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 28, no. 4, Autumn 2005, p. 153-170.) ID Number: JA021880 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Okruhlik, Gwenn Although meaningful social reforms are being implemented, none address the essential question of political power. By capitalizing on the fear of jihad and Al Qaeda, reform is carefully choreographed to consolidate the ruling family's centrality in national political life. SOUTH AFRICA--FOREIGN RELATIONS The New South Africa's Foreign Policy : Principles and Practice / by James Barber., 2005. (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, vol. 81, no. 5, October 2005, p. 1079-1096.) ID Number: JA021916 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Barber, James This article outlines principles which, shortly before taking office in 1994, the ANC said would be the foundation for its future foreign policy. The ANC stated that their core concern was the pursuit of 'human rights', which were directly related to the promotion of democracy. Other principles included respect for international law, support for peace and disarmament, and universality. These were to be pursued in four settings. First, the global division between the First and Third Worlds as the government was concerned about economic inequality and unjust global trading systems. Second, international organizations as these were seen as central to the search for human rights, peace and equality. Third, demilitarization resulting in South Africa's forces being used for self-defence and peacemaking and keeping only. The government believed that this would produce savings which could be redirected into social development. Finally, supporting the rest of Africa as the ANC believed South Africa could not flourish if surrounded by poverty. The article examines how far the ANC governments of Presidents Mandela and Mbeki have succeeded in implementing the principles, and how far they have fallen short. The article also includes a discussion of Mbeki's policy towards Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe. SUNNITES--IRAQ--POLITICAL ACTIVITY De soennieten in Irak : hoe verder na hun verwerping van de concept-grondwet ? / by Roel Meijer., 2005. (INTERNATIONALE SPECTATOR, jg. 59, nr. 10, oktober 2005, p. 524-529.) ID Number: JA021905 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Meijer, Roel The author surveys the role of the Sunnis in Iraq. In general the Sunnis are given the blame for the problems in Iraq, while the Kurds and Shi'ites are regarded in a favourable light as cooperative and democratic players. The author tries to shed more light on the Sunni resistance by looking at the Association of Muslim Scholars, one of the major Sunni political organizations that claims to represent the Sunni resistance. He traces its rise after the Falluja crisis in April and November 2004 and analyzes the means how it has tried to unite the Sunni community on the basis of a boycott of participation in politics as long as the Americans have not given a timetable for their retreat from Iraq. In addition the author presents several scenario's on what might happen during the referendum in October and the general elections in December. The author allows for the possibility that a

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broad Sunni-Shi'ite coalition of pan-Arab forces could prevent a full-scale civil war from erupting. TELEVISION BROACASTING OF NEWS--ARAB COUNTRIES Satelliet-tv en de Arabische hervormingen / by Hans Schippers., 2005. (INTERNATIONALE SPECTATOR, jg. 59, nr. 10, oktober 2005, p. 533-537.) ID Number: JA021907 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Schippers, Hans The author deals with the rise of satellite television stations in the Middle East. In 1985, the first Arab satellite, Arabsat, was launched, followed by stations in many Middle Eastern countries, such as Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Syria and Tunisia. In November 1996, the launch of Al Jazeera marked a true revolution in the Arabic media world. Al Jazeera started to broadcast news and discussion programmes, thereby enjoying a remarkable level of editorial freedom. The author analyses Al Jazeera's news reporting during the last decade on many important topics in the Middle East and the conflicts this entailed with the authorities of nearly all Arab countries, in order to assess how independent this Arab language television station really is. TERRORISM The Art of Terrorism : What Sun Tzu Can Teach Us about International Terrorism / by Caleb M. Bartley., 2005. (COMPARATIVE STRATEGY, vol. 24, no. 3, July - September 2005, p. 237-251.) ID Number: JA021868 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Bartley, Caleb M. The United States is embroiled in a global ideological conflict whose outcome will dramatically alter the international political system. If America is to emerge victorious, its leaders must understand the forces that drive and shape the enemy. This work compares the lessons found in Sun Tzu's The Art of War with the training and methods of the global Islamist network, al Qaeda. By studying The Art of War, one not only gains a clearer insight into the shadowy world of Islamist terrorism, but also acquires important insights necessary in order for America to win the global war on terror. TERRORISM--GOVERNMENT POLICY--SAUDI ARABIA Al Qaeda and the House of Saud : Eternal Enemies or Secret Bedfellows ? / by John R. Bradley., 2005. (WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, vol. 28, no. 4, Autumn 2005, p. 139-152.) ID Number: JA021879 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Bradley, John R. To fight Al Qaeda, the al-Saud regime has been and continues to be part of the problem in fundamental ways, yet it is equally undeniable that it is indispensable to any solution to terrorism.

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TERRORISM--SPAIN The Tragedy of Al-Andalus : The Madrid Terror Attacks and the Islamization of Spanish Politics / by Anthony N. Celso., 2005. (MEDITERRANEAN QUARTERLY, vol. 16, no. 3, Summer 2005, p. 86-101.) ID Number: JA021898 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Celso, Anthony N. The author explores the interconnections between external forces (Arab migrants and Moroccan criminal gangs) and internal factors (Spanish multiculturalism and limited antiterror resources) and how they combine to exacerbate the lethality of Islamist terror groups and their consequent ability to alter the political agenda. Both forces conjoin in ways that are likely to enhance Spain's vulnerability to future terror attacks and Islamist political extortion. UKRAINE--FOREIGN RELATIONS--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) L'Ukraine, meconnaissance et contresens / by Cyrille Youchtchenko., 2005. (DEFENSE NATIONALE, 61e annee, no. 10, octobre 2005, p. 139-148.) ID Number: JA021867 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Youchtchenko, Cyrille La 'Revolution orange' a revele au monde occidental que l'Ukraine existait et occupait une place geostrategique primordiale en Europe. Or cette revolution pacifique n'a pas ete spontanee. Elle a ete planifiee, organisee et financee pour affaiblir la Russie. Cette politique d'endiguement mise en oeuvre par les Etats-Unis risque d'etre dangereuse a terme car l'isolement de la Russie pourrait avoir des consequences imprevisibles. UNITED NATIONS--REFORM 60e anniversaire des Nations unies : le Sommet de la reforme ? / by Alain Dejammet., 2005. (DEFENSE NATIONALE, 61e annee, no. 10, octobre 2005, p. 192-202.) ID Number: JA021864 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Dejammet, Alain Maigres resultats au Sommet du 60e anniversaire des Nations unies qui ne sera pas celui de la reforme que certains appelaient de leurs voeux : pas d'elargissement du Conseil de securite, ni de reels changements de pouvoirs; plutot que de droit d'ingerence on evoque le devoir de proteger. USA--COMMERCE--MIDDLE EAST US Middle East Economic Policy : The Use of Free Trade Areas in the War on Terrorism / by Robert Looney., 2005. (MEDITERRANEAN QUARTERLY, vol. 16, no. 3, Summer 2005, p. 102-117.) ID Number: JA021899 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Looney, Robert The author focuses on the US economic strategy of using trade as a weapon in the war on terrorism. From a theoretical perspective, expanded trade would appear to be capable of sufficiently improving the lives of potential terrorist recruits as to significantly lessen the attraction of al Qaeda and like-minded groups. At issue then is whether specific trade programs can be made sufficiently flexible, adaptable, and controllable so that they are capable of quickly

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bringing tangible benefits to targeted groups. If not, trade initiatives could actually undermine the war on terrorism. In a final section the author outlines several suggestions for making trade policy a more potent weapon in the war on terrorism. USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS Vers de nouvelles defaites americaines / by Pascal Chaigneau., 2005. (DEFENSE NATIONALE, 61e annee, no. 10, octobre 2005, p. 166-180.) ID Number: JA021865 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Chaigneau, Pascal Deux ans et demi apres le debut du conflit irakien, l'opinion americaine commence a se desolidariser de ses dirigeants. 2006 et les elections de mi-mandat vont sonner un retrait militaire sur fond d'echec. Les illusions du 'Grand Moyen-Orient' auront vecu. Ce, alors que de la proliferation nucleaire aux difficultes de l'unilateralisme, les neo-conservateurs commencent a percevoir les limites de l'imperium americain. USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--CHINA Amerika en de opkomst van China : kans of gevaar ? / by Ingrid d' Hooghe., 2005. (INTERNATIONALE SPECTATOR, jg. 59, nr. 10, oktober 2005, p. 503-506.) ID Number: JA021909 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Hooghe, Ingrid d' The author analyses the reactions in the United States of America to the People's Republic of China's rise to great-power status. Many observers in Congress and in military circles consider China's rapid rise to power as a threat to American security and advocate a hard-line approach towards China. Others, however, see many opportunities for trade and political and military cooperation. The White House follows a pragmatic line : it is concerned about China's rise but it is also faced with the need to seek cooperation in many fields. However, mutual distrust is so strong that it will hamper the development of close relations for a long time to come. USSR--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT Perestroika in Retrospective., 2005. (DEMOKRATIZATSIYA, vol. 13, no. 2, Spring 2005, Special Issue.) ID Number: JA021900 Type: ART WARFARE War Evolves into the Fourth Generation / by Thomas X. Hammes., 2005. (CONTEMPORARY SECURITY POLICY, vol. 26, no. 2, August 2005, p. 189-228.) ID Number: JA021863 Type: ART Author(s): 1. Hammes, Thomas X. Posing the most serious challenge to international security today, fourth-generation warfare (4GW) uses all available networks - political, economic, social and military - to convince the enemy's political decision-makers that their strategic goals are either unachievable or too costly for the perceived benefit. It is rooted in the fundamental precept that superior political will, when properly employed, can defeat greater economic and military power. 4GW does not attempt to win by defeating the enemy's military forces. Instead,

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combining guerrilla tactics or civil disobedience with the soft networks of social, cultural and economic ties, disinformation campaigns and innovative political activity, it directly attacks the enemy's political will. Over the past 50 years, 4GW has defeated superpowers in Vietnam, Somalia, Lebanon, Afghanistan and Chechnya. Each time, using protracted campaigns, the insurgents defeated the will of the enemy rather than his military. In sum, 4GW is political, socially (rather than technically) networked and protracted in duration. It is the antithesis of the high-technology, short war the Pentagon is preparing to fight.