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Acquisitions, EverywhereModeling an acquisitions data standard to connect a distributed environment
Eric Hanson, North Carolina State University LibrariesPaul Lightcap, Florida State University LibrariesMatthew Miguez, Florida State University Libraries
Charleston Conference, 2015-11-07
Genesis of an acquisitions standard
▪ Substantial work on standards development for: • resource description• e-resource management• discovery…but where is acquisitions in the mix?*
▪ Is acquisitions too complex? Too locally customized? Too ad hoc?
* We’ll get to the NISO Cost of Resource Exchange (CORE) in just a moment!
Solution: a lightweight standard composed of elements already in use in legacy acquisitions systems, modeled in multiple schema and systems
The legacy challenge, compounded
▪ Expectation for legacy system migration: acquisitions data loss
▪ New challenges:
• new systems and models (library services platforms)
• multiple systems and data maintenance (ILS, ERMS, DAMS)
• data-driven culture
• increasing scrutiny of expenditures, (esp. for public $)
• new content that just doesn’t fit within the ILS
A lightweight standard▪ Proposed: a core set of elements, already used within legacy systems to manage
acquisitionsAcquisitions Core Element Authority/Source ExampleCustomerID VIAF http://viaf.org/viaf/125490841AccountNumber (vendor) 123456VendorID VIAF or NCSU ONLD http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/00000728InvoiceID (vendor) 001AInvoiceDate ISO 8601 2015-08-01Invoiceline (vendor) 001OrderID (ILS/system or vendor) 8675309-1OrderFiscalCycle ISO 8601 2015MaterialType IANA Media Types application/httpOrderType (ILS/system) One-timeFundID (ILS/system) FAKABTLInvoiceFiscalCycle ISO 8601 2016TotalPaid ISO 4217 127.50ListPrice ISO 4217 150.00Currency ISO 4217 USD
Note: all examples are fabricated, excepting URIs; formatting adheres to indicated standard
A standard solution: solving problems
▪ Solves problems of duplication in multiple systems and data drift
▪ Allows for non-duplicative application of acquisitions data across all systems
▪ Facilitates complex reporting within all of a library’s systems, as well as between multiple libraries (as within consortia)
▪ Offers a tentative step forward to rethinking acquisitions workflows within a distributed environment
A standard solution to duplication and data drift
System Title Publisher Vendor Fund Invoice (year) TotalPaid
ILS E-Journal A Wiley-Blackwell Wiley/Blackwell FAKEJTL 2015 1500.00
ILS Book A Wiley-Blackwell Wiley/Blackwell FAKABTL 2015 150.00
ERMS E-Journal A(2)(title change) Wiley-Blackwell Wiley-Blackwell FAKEJTL 2015 1500.00
Spreadsheet E-Journal A(3)(another title change) Wiley-Blackwell Wiley FAKEJTL 2015 1500.00
Note: all examples are fabricated
Or, what if this (our current situation)…
System Title Publisher Vendor Fund Invoice (year) TotalPaid
ILS E-Journal A Wiley-Blackwell Wiley/Blackwell FAKEJTL 2015 1500.00
ILS Book A Wiley-Blackwell Wiley/Blackwell FAKABTL 2015 150.00
ERMS E-Journal A(2)(title change) Wiley-Blackwell Wiley-Blackwell FAKEJTL 2015 1500.00
Spreadsheet E-Journal A(3)(another title change) Wiley-Blackwell Wiley FAKEJTL 2015 1500.00
Note: all examples are fabricated
…became this:
A standard solution to duplication and data drift
A standard solution to duplication and data drift
System Title Publisher Vendor Fund Invoice (year) TotalPaid
ILS E-Journal A Wiley-Blackwell Wiley/Blackwell FAKEJTL 2015 1500.00
ILS Book A http://viaf.org/viaf/125715895 http://viaf.org/viaf/125715895 FAKABTL 2015 150.00
ERMS E-Journal A2(title change) http://viaf.org/viaf/125715895 http://viaf.org/viaf/125715895 FAKEJTL 2015 1500.00
Spreadsheet E-Journal A3(another title change) Wiley-Blackwell Wiley FAKEJTL 2015 1500.00
Note: all examples are fabricated, except URIs
…or even this:
A standard solution for new content types
A standard solution for complex reporting
System Title Publisher* CustomerID VendorID FundID InvoiceFiscalCycle TotalPaid
ILS Print Journal A Wiley-Blackwell http://viaf.org/viaf/125490841 http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/00000728 FAKEJTL 2015 800.00
ILS Book A Wiley-Blackwell http://viaf.org/viaf/125490841 http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/00000728 FAKABTL 2015 150.00
ERMS E-Journal A Wiley-Blackwell http://viaf.org/viaf/125490841 http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/00000728 FAKEJTL 2015 1600.00
ILS Print Journal A Wiley-Blackwell http://viaf.org/viaf/131675600 http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/00000682 LDEJL-GHSS 2015 700.00
ERMS E-Journal A Wiley-Blackwell http://viaf.org/viaf/131675600 http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/00000728 LDEJL-GHSS 2015 1400.00
Digital Library Data set A AfriGIS http://viaf.org/viaf/125490841 http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/00000728 FAKEJTL 2015 500.00
Institutional Repository
Scanned newspaper A SEP S.p.A http://viaf.org/viaf/125490841 http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/
ld/onld/00000728 FAKEJTL 2015 1200.00
A tentative step forward
▪ Acquisitions data bundled to resource description across varying schemas and within various systems
▪ System-agnostic serialization technologies XML, JSON
▪ Possibility to utilize OAI-PMH to harvest data across multiple systems, so that this request:
OAI-PMH_root_URL?verb=GetRecord&metadata Prefix=mods&identifier=oai.fsu.digital.flvc.org:fsu_7970
Returns this:
Identity Management With Linked Data
● Identity management becomes important as we seek interoperability between systems through this acquisitions metadata schema
● Different systems use different labels for the same organization
Royal Society of Chemistry
The Royal Society of ChemistryRoyal Society of Chemistry
Publishing
Royal Society of Chemistry Pub
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Identity Management With Linked Data
● Moving beyond labels and using Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) allows us to unambiguously identify organizations in various data sets
URIs for the Royal Society of Chemistry
Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)URI: http://viaf.org/viaf/128803576
Library of Congress Name Authority File (LCNAF)URI: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n81122723
North Carolina State University Organization Name Linked Data (ONLD)URI: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/00000010
Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs)
● NCSU Organization Name Linked Data (ONLD) is based on the NCSU Organization Name Authority, a tool used to manage the variant forms of name for serial and e-resource publishers, providers, and vendors in E-Matrix, our locally-developed electronic resource management system.
● Includes links to other data sets including VIAF, LCNAF, ISNI, DBpedia, and Freebase.
● ONLD served as the seed data for organizations in the Global Open Knowledgebase (GOKb) http://gokb.org/
● Also used by AgriProfiles (formerly AgriVIVO) to help manage organization names http://www.agriprofiles.net/page/what-new-agriprofiles
Overview of NCSU ONLD
● The NCSU ONLD can used to crosswalk multiple labels to a single URI
URIhttp://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/00000010
Preferred LabelRoyal Society of Chemistry
Alternate LabelsThe Royal Society of ChemistryRoyal Society of Chemistry PublishingRoyal Society of Chemistry PubRoyal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Links to URIs From Other Data Setshttp://viaf.org/viaf/128803576http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n81122723
Crosswalking Labels to URIs
ILS
Title List
ERMS
Label: The Royal Society of Chemistry
Label: Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing
Label: Royal Society of Chemistry
● The preferred and alternate labels NCSU ONLD can also be used to crosswalk local labels for a vendor to VIAF & LCNAF URIs
ILS
Vendor Title List
Label: The Royal Society of Chemistry
Label: Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing
Label: Royal Society of ChemistryLCNAF
VIAF
NCSU ONLD
Alternate Labels
URIs
URIs
URIs
Crosswalking Labels to URIs
ERMS
● Using URIs rather than labels allow for easier integration between multiple data sets
Using URIs to link data sources
ILSVendor Title List
URI: http://viaf.org/viaf/128803576Label: The Royal Society of Chemistry
URI: http://viaf.org/viaf/128803576Label: Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing
URI: http://viaf.org/viaf/128803576Label: Royal Society of Chemistry
ERMS Data Elements:Title
Call NumberPurchase DateAmount Paid
Data Elements:Title
License InformationUsage
Data Elements:Title
List PricePackage
Vendor Subject Classification
URI: http://viaf.org/viaf/128803576Label: The Royal Society of Chemistry
● Use case: building vendor-specific reports based on elements from multiple data sources○ Comparing vendor list price against the ILS payment data to calculate savings○ Calculating the money paid for titles covered by a particular vendor license○ Analyzing usage by subject area based on both ILS call number and vendor
subject classification
Using URIs to link data sources
ILSVendor Title List
URI: http://viaf.org/viaf/128803576Label: Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing
URI: http://viaf.org/viaf/128803576Label: Royal Society of Chemistry
ERMSData Elements:Title
List PricePackage
Vendor Subject Classification
Data Elements:Title
Call NumberPurchase DateAmount Paid
Data Elements:Title
License InformationUsage
Acquisitions standards: next steps
▪ Solicit feedback from community of practice for refined element set
▪ Continue to develop proofs of concept and use cases
▪ Consider moving ahead with actual standard development
Standards!
Thank you!
Paul Lightcap, [email protected] Miguez, [email protected] Hanson, [email protected]
