Acknowledgments · showcake; 127 Picsfive; 136–138 ntstudio; 141 artnLera, Ermolaev Alexander; 142 Anton Starikov, Africa Studio; 147 Smereka; 151 Monkeyoum; 159 Andrew Burgess

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted.A18

Front Cover Danilaleo, Kamira, kool99, Robert Lessman; vi Ekaterina Abrosimova, Markus Mainka; 3 Yellow Cat, Dmitrij Skorobogatov, Triling Studio Ltd; 4 Jiang Hongyan, Elbud, LittleMiss; 5 Tom Gowanlock; 6 nuttakit; 8 SnapCraft; 20 Hong Vo, Anton Starikov, Mega Pixel; 39 Kostiantyn Fastov, smilewithjul; 40 Jiang Hongyan, Andrew Burgess, Roberaten; 45 Jajaladdawan; 50 Djmilic, r.classen, Enchanted_fairy; 51 Starikov, Mega Pixel, Insago; 52 Ruth Black; 55 BorisShevchuk; 59 HeinzTeh; 60 OnlyZoia; 65 Two over Two Studio; 72 KimHD, Preto Perola, Dmitrij Skorobogatov, FocusStocker, Iasha; 79 Photosync, Ispace, marssanya; 80 Wealthylady, showcake; 84 VanReeel; 85 Mardoz; 89 Kaspri; 99 Antpkr; 100 FocusStocker; 102 cynoclub, r.classen; 104 DenisNata; 105 Cynoclub, Prostock-studio, Picsfive; 106 artnLera, Vitaly Korovin, Smit, mhatzapa; 111 Zffoto; 115 artnLera, Africa Studio; 119 Smit; 123 mhatzapa, Eric Isselee, liskus; 124 r.classen; 125 mhatzapa, Anita Patterson Peppers, Butterfly Hunter, liskus; 126 Food Travel Stockforlife, Vitaly Zorkin, showcake; 127 Picsfive; 136–138 ntstudio; 141 artnLera, Ermolaev Alexander; 142 Anton Starikov, Africa Studio; 147 Smereka; 151 Monkeyoum; 159 Andrew Burgess 161 Tatyana Vyc; 162 AzriSuratmin; 166 stockcreations; 171 Passakorn Umpornmaha, Glass and Nature, Lightspring, Picsfive, Andrei Kuzmik, Mega Pixel, nehls16321, nelik, Africa Studio, Vorobyeva, oksana2010, Petr Malyshev, Chones; 172 cynoclub, Tatyana Vyc, Tim UR, Chones, bergamont, Lisa A. Svara, Eric Isselee, nelik, duangnapa_b; 173 Shebeko, bergamont, ntstudio, Nataliia K, kittipong kongwatmai, Tsveta Nesheva, Serg64, irin-k, Dora Zett, Natalia K, Eric Isselee, Lisa A. Svara; 174 HomeArt, pukach, Yellow Cat, Nata_Smilyk art, vipman’s, Tim UR, bergamont, LZ Image, Danny Smythe, Jjustas Tim UR; 176 William Milner, BalancePhoto, Maksim Toome, Danny Smythe, EHStockphoto, Marisa Lia, Mtsaride, magicoven, Eric Isselee, Dimitris Leonidas, Anest; 177 Denis Pepin, Mega Pixel, aperturesound, Zhukovskaya Elena, Iasha, Vorotylin Roman, Andrei Kuzmik, Chones; 178 nattanan726, Eric Isselee, Glass and Nature, Butterfly Hunter, Passakorn Umpornmaha, Potapov Alexander, photomaster; 180 Preto Perola; 181 Yanugkelid; 182 Piyaset, Preto Perola, Africa Studio; 187 Chloe7992, 190 Charles Shapiro, Pixfiction, Chones, Utekhina Anna; 221 Eric Isselee; 224 oksana2010, DenisNata, Timothy Geiss; 228 Mega Pixel, Akugasahagy, Evannovostro, urfin, valdis torms, Chones, photogal, Denis Kovin, mhatzapa; 233 SomchaiP; 241 Mega Pixel, Tim UR, jeabsam, gmstockstudio, urfin, Chones, Resul Muslu, Brooke Becker, Mariyana M; 247 Handies Peak, SAPhotog, Ruslan Ivantsov, erashov, Sheila Fitzgerald, Fotoksa, Mega Pixel, Kletr, artnLera; 248 Abramova Elena, Sheila Fitzgerald; 253 Michelle Marsan; 254 VectorPic; 257 Brooke Becker, Matt Benoit, Sara van Netten, ColinCramm; 258 Mariyana M, Handies Peak, Kaspri, garyfox45114, Tim UR, Africa Studio, SAPhotog, Chones, jeabsam, baitong333, Mega Pixel; 259 de2marco, Vilaiporn Chatchawal, Michael Kraus, Mega Pixel, Maksym Bondarchuk, Sara van Netten, AzriSuratmin; 260 CHAIYARAT, Keith Bell, Diana Rich, magicoven, Fotoksa, Viktor1, valdis torms, Catinsyrup; 261 urfin; 262 Sergii Tverdokhlibov, urfin, Bennian, Eric Isselee, CharacterFamily Mega Pixel;

263 Bennian, Chones, Bluebloodbkk, nevodka, Maks Narodenko, Eric Isselee, Lisa A. Svara; 264 CharacterFamily, Dontree, J.Gatherum, Sergii Tverdokhlibov, Eric Isselee, nelik, Lightspring, Nejron Photo, Gts, oksana2010, Picsfive; 265 Bejim; 267 FocusStocker, Anton Starikov, Byggarn.se, Hank Shiffman, Mhatzapa; 268 Gts, Digipear, Lennon Schneider, mhatzapa; 273 Somporn Wongvichienkul; 281 Gts, Bennian, Maks Narodenko, Mariyana M, CharacterFamily; 287 Nenov Brothers Images, Marssanya; 288 Nonnakrit, BWFolsom; 293 Vovan; 301 Vadym Andrushchenko; 303 Beloborod; 305 Laborant, Monticello, Ugorenkov Aleksandr, pryzmat; 307 redstone; 308 Chones, Bejim; 313 Seregam, MrBright, Bergamont; 314 Hong Vo, Africa Studio; 320 Bergamont; 322 Utekhina Anna; 329 Le Do; 330 Nik Merkulov, AlenKadr, Irina Rogova; 335 dcwcreations; 340 Eric Isselee, Little Perfect Stoc, Olhastock, Lightspring, Butterfly Hunter, takoburito, DenisNata; 341 FocusStocker, n7atal7i, Valentina Razumova, stockphoto-graf; 342 Aleksey Stemme, Picsfive, bergamont, Maks Narodenko, SunshineVector; 343 bergamont, Butterfly Hunter, Lightspring, Picsfive; 344 bergamont, Lightspring, Butterfly Hunter, stockphoto-graf; 345 Aleksey Stemme, Yellow Cat, N7atal7i; 346 Tatyana Vyc, Topseller, bergamont, Dan Thornberg, FocusStocker; 349 Nejron Photo, Angeliki Vel; 350 MyImages – Micha, Lifestudio, Zeligen, Marssanya, Natasha Pankina; 356, 358 Preto Perola; 365 Aleksey Troshin, Africa Studio, ExpressVectors; 366 Carolyn Franks, Palform, Blue67design, Pukach, Tatiana Popova; 371 Ntstudio; 380 Madlen, Aleksandr Bagri, Aleksey Troshin; 381 Preto Perola, Madlen, Aleksandr Bagri; 382 Danilaleo, Aleksey Troshin, Hurst Photo; 385 Ivonne Wierink, liskus; 386 Fotolotos, artnLera; 390 Mile Atanasov, artnLera; 399 xpixel, Eric Isselee; 402 Ivonne Wierink; 405 Africa Studio, Olllikeballoon; 406 Thomas Soellner, April Turner; 407 Natasha Pankina; 410 Africa Studio; 411 TigerStock’s; 418 Oleksandr Lytvynenko, otsphoto, Rich Carey, StudioSmart, Tsekhmister, JIANG HONGYAN; 420 Tsekhmister, JIANG HONGYAN; 421 suns07butterfly, Kosarev Alexander, Kucher Serhii, Preto Perola; 424 Eric Isselee, absolutimages; 425 Dionisvera; 426 Nik Merkulov, Africa Studio; 431 acceptphoto; 444 Pixfiction; 445 Thitisan, liskus, Redchocolate; 446 photka, Drakuliren, primiaou; 451 Quang Vu; 457 Nitr, Africa Studio, Anna Kucherova, Eric Isselee, mexrix; 458 Miiisha, loskutnikov, Maslov Dmitr, Aksenova Natalya, Kapustin Igor, Tetiana Rostopira; 459 Picsfive; 460–461 Prostock-studio, photka, Picsfive; 462 Picsfive; 463 Eric Isselee; 465 nevodka, Petr Malyshev, Nik Merkulov, Apr-70, smilewithjul; 466 Nik Merkulov, Kelvin Wong, smilewithjul, Lalahouse; 471 Boumen Japet; 477 Benjawan phurit, Happymay; 478 Chones; 485 Fekete Tibor, Eric Isselee, liskus, Jody Ann; 486 Petr Malyshev, Apr-70, liskus; 490 Kaiskynet Studio, Volkova Anna; 491 suwatsilp sooksang; 500; 505 Ivonne Wierink, liskus; 506 Picsfive, enchanted_fairy; 512 Prostock-studio, Mega Pixel, IB Photography; 527 xpixel, Gumenyuk Dmitriy, Wonderful Future World; 528 Marina Yesina, Bachkova Natalia, Nadisja, Zeligen; 530 Exopixel; 533 Stanislaw Mikulski; 539 Yellow Cat, Vorobyeva; 540 ecco, Bennian; 546 Africa Studio; 547 Mega Pixel, IB Photography; 548 mayakova, Graphic.mooi,

AcknowledgmentsCommon Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved.

Photography CreditsUnited States coin images (unless otherwise indicated) from the United States Mint

Images used under license from Shutterstock.com.

Illustration Credits

All Illustrations by Tim Chi Ly

A19©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted.

olllikeballoon, Erica Truex; 567 EtiAmmos, Madlen; 568 Koosen, BravissimoS, liskus, marssanya; 569 chuchiko17; 570 klenger; 572 Revers; 573 David Franklin; 578 Studio DMM Photography, Design and Art; Designs & Art, EtiAmmos, Madlen; 579 EtiAmmos, Madlen, Goldnetz; 580 Pukach, Watchara Phochareung, Studio DMM Photography Design and Art; 587 Photosync, Lina_Lisichka, Balabolka; 588 Pakpoom Phummee, BLKstudio, gan chaonan, Ken StockPhoto, sarayuth3390; 589 Swill Klitch; 593–594 NumbSt; 607 Ravi; 608 Marques; 611 acceptphoto; 613 FabrikaSimf, Pixel B, Vorobyeva; 614 Yellow Cat, MichaelJayBerlin, Utekhina Anna, LightField Studios, Olizabet; 615 Evikka, Lucy Liu; 616 photastic; 618 Andrey Lobachev; 619 Andrey Myagkov; 622 Lineicons freebird; 623 andregric, Sergey Ash; 625 photastic, NARUDON ATSAWALARPSAKUN, sergign, Siyapath, cynoclub; 626 Africa Studio, SergiyN, urfin, Dora Zett; 628 nopporn0510, Zerbor, robotrecorder, Jiri Vaclavek; 629 QMTstudio, Richard Peterson, timquo, ESOlex; 630 ingret, Eric Isselee, Brooke Becker, Laboko; 632 Vorobyeva, gdvcom; 633 HeinzTeh, niwat chaiyawoot, Photo Melon, Potapov Alexander, Lano4ka, Mhatzapa; 634 MustafaNC, yauhenka, KK Tan, Little birdie, Zeligen, kostolom3000; 635 Chinnapong; 636 BlueRingMedia, Yellow Cat, Sondre Lysne; 638 pticelov, AVS-Images, Boltenkoff, 7th Son Studio; 639 Icosha; 645 Iakov Filimonov, topseller, Gts, pukach, kzww, Maks Narodenko, stockphoto-graf, Picsfive, FocusStocker, Valentina Razumova, 7th Son Studio; 646 kzww, Danilaleo, Ratikova, gts, MustafaNC, Sondre Lysne, Yellow Cat, Yarkovoy, Albo003, Keith Homan, csivasz, sergign; 647 Ladislav Berecz; 649 Mtsaride, Tim UR, Dan Thornberg, pukach, Keith Homan, topseller, Albo003, Picsfive, niwat chaiyawoot, kzww; 650 bergamont, Infinity T29, Iakov Filimonov, 7th Son Studio, sergign, Yellow Cat, Valentina Razumova, Ratikova, csivasz, Sondre Lysne, Danny Smythe, Gts; 651 JpegIonitaPhotographer; 652 Keith Homan; 653 Dionisvera, HomeArt; 654 Richard Peterson, cynoclub, ESB Professional; 655 Yellow Cat, Valentina Razumova, Ioskutnikov; 656 MustafaNC, cynoclub, urfin; A1 urfin, Eric Isselee, Mega Pixel; A2 urfin, Utekhina Anna, nopporn0510, Zerbor; A3 MustafaNC, HomeArt; A4; A8; A8 MustafaNC, HomeArt, Picsfive, nopporn0510; A9 Eric Isselee, Mega Pixel, gdvcom, Picsfive, HomeArt; A10 MustafaNC, HomeArt, Pixel B, FabrikaSimf; A11 Utekhina Anna; A12 Vorobyeva; A13 photastic; A14 nopporn0510, Zerbor; A16 Picsfive, HomeArt; A17 r. Classen

Student Handbook, appearing in Student Bookshelf and Teacher Guide only: HBi ArtMari, Pixfiction, Rawpixel.com; HB1 Pixfiction, Africa Studio, ArtMari; HB2 iadams, ArtMari; HB3 Palabra, ArtMari; HB4 Tero Vesalainen, ArtMari; HB5 Harvepino, ArtMari; HB6–HB7 ArtMari HB8 Chiyacat, ArtMari; HB9 Kyselova Inna, Markus Mainka, ArtMari; HB10 ArtMari

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. B24Acknowledgments

Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved.



Photography Credits

Front Cover ©Danilaleo/Shutterstock, ©Kamira/Shutterstock, ©kool99/Shutterstock, ©Robert Lessman/Shutterstock; A3–A43 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A25 ©iStock/monkeybusinessimages; A34 ©spass/Shutterstock, ©GagliardiPhotography/Shutterstock, ©weedezign/Shutterstock; HBi–HB16 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; 233 ©Alexander Kalina/Shutterstock, ©Brooke Becker/Shutterstock; 250 ©donatas 1205/Shutterstock, ©Boltenkoff/Shutterstock; 315 ©photka/Shutterstock, ©Prostock-studio/Shutterstock, ©Picsfive/Shutterstock; 319 ©photka/Shutterstock, ©Prostock-studio/Shutterstock, ©Picsfive/Shutterstock; 340 ©Niphon Subsri/Shutterstock, ©MriMan/Shutterstock; 467 ©Triff/Shutterstock; 631 ©Osadchyi_I/Shutterstock; 636 ©Vladvm/Shutterstock; 639 ©donatas 1205/Shutterstock; 652 ©Vladvm/Shutterstock; A1–A18 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; B1–B24 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images

Acknowledgments


iii ArtMari, Dirk Ercken; iv chuchiko17; v iris wright; vi Valentin Agapov, Africa Studio; vii Anest, Eric Boucher, udovichenko; viii Nenov Brothers Images, anaken2012; 1 Africa Studio; 3 Mary Rice, Blanscape, PITAKSUNTI, Xkunclova, Voraorn Ratanakorn, Nicola Bertolini, Seregraff, Nailia Schwarz; 4 Alena Stalmashonak, Mikkel Bigandt, Elisa Putti, Minerva Studio; 5 photka, Happy Together; 6 Mega Pixel; 8 Benjamin Simeneta, DenisNata; 9 Jenn Huls; 10 Jenn Huls, Liskus; 11 Ermolaev Alexander, Natasha Pankina; 12 JasminkaM; 15–16 FabrikaSimf; 17 KhanunHaHa; 21 HeinzTeh, Marques, PhawKStudio; 22 Marques; 23 Be Good, Triff, Etaphop photo; 24 Mega Pixel, Levent Konuk; 25 Irin-k; 26 Worraket, smilewithjul; 27 Dima Moroz, goir; 28 Hamurishi, VINCENT GIORDANO PHOTO, Gts, Prostock-studio; 30 BW Folsom, Natasha Pankina; 32 Peter Hermes Furian; 33 Naypong Studio; 34 Iasha; 35 Alexander Mak; 36 Yellow Cat, Kitzcorner; 38 Food Travel Stockforlife, seksan wangkeeree, bergamont, Duplass; 39 doomu; 40 jirateep sankote; 41 Dakalova Iuliia, Nadiia Korol; 42 Maks Narodenko, Kyselova Inna; 44 Mikkel Bigandt, Alena Stalmashonak, Elisa Putti; 45 timquo, HomeStudio; 46 Irina Rogova, studiovin, Lotus Images, Vilor; 48 goir, Dima Moroz; 49 Dima Moroz, Eric Isselee, Lyekaterina; 50 Wision; 51 chiaro; 52 Africa Studio, mamuangmay; 53 Mr Aesthetics; 54 photosync; 56 Mr Aesthetics; 57 nito; 58 Marie C Fields; 60 Hayati Kayhan; 63–64 Jakub Krechowicz; 65 Niferure; 68 Mindscape studio; 70, 72 chuchiko17; 75 Fablok; 76 Tanya Sid; 77–78 Erik Lam; 80 irin-k; 85 MriMan, Niphon Subsri, kostolom3000, kuroksta; 86–88 kuroksta; 89 Hedzun Vasyl; 91 Claudio Divizia, artnLera; 92 Prostock-studio, artnLera, NPeter, Dotted Yeti; 94 qingqing, mhatzapa; 96 mhatzapa, Lano4ka, Kristina Shevchenko; 97 KittyVector; 98 Ruslan Ivantsov; 103–104 PhawKStudio; 105 Kostenko Maxim, mhatzapa; 112 Vadim Sadovski, mhatzapa; 115 Lano4ka, inxti, Vetal; 116 Denphumi, Lano4ka, DeanHarty; 118 Ukki Studio; 120 Lano4ka, media point inc; 121 Lano4ka, niwat chaiyawoot; 122 Lano4ka, CrackerClips Stock Media; 123 Nataliia K; 124 wk1003mike, BoxerX, Lano4ka, Paul Orr; 125 wk1003mike, Andrey Lobachev, Dan Kosmayer; 126 Lano4ka, Mega Pixel; 127 BalancePhoto; 128 PaPicasso; 130 Lano4ka, Vereshchagin Dmitry, Vetal; 133 Tatiana Popova, umarazak; 134 makeitdouble, Lano4ka; 135 Tim UR; 136 Doug McLean, LYekaterina; 137 Triff; 139 Kyselova Inna, matkub2499; 140 P Maxwell Photography, I’m Mock-up, photka; 141 Kamenetskiy Konstantin; 142 Chris Renshaw; 144 Susan Schmitz; 145–146 Maryna Kulchytska; 147 Anteromite; 148 smilewithjul, Robert J. Beyers II; 149 goir, Khumthong; 150 Ermolaev Alexander, bergamont, Natasha Pankina; 152 Vorobyeva; 153 Viktar Malyshchyts; 157 Cherdchai charasri, Patchareephoto, Dirk Ercken, Ernst Photography; 158 Yurii Vydyborets; 159 Triff; 160 Cheers Group, punnaphob; 161 titelio; 162 Richard Peterson; 163 Sandratsky Dmitriy, photo one; 164 onair, Sandratsky Dmitriy, photo one; 165 Napat, Christian Musat, Eric Isselee, KITSANANAN, Praisaeng, Giedriius; 166 Coprid; 167 MirasWonderland, Gelpi; 168 Birgit Reitz-Hofmann;

169 TerraceStudio; 170 Andrienko Anastasiya; 172 Lotus_studio, Mikael Damkier, Michiel de Wit, Lukas Gojda; 173 Eric Isselee; 174 photka; 175 Ragnarock; 176 Egoreichenkov Evgenii; 177 TRINACRIA PHOTO, Ksenia Palimski, leungchopan, Paleka; 178 napatsorn aungsirichinda, etraveler; 179 Audrey M Vasey; 180 Tsekhmister, azure1; 181 Anna Kucherova, Zhukov Oleg; 185 photka; 186 ppart; 187 chuchiko17; 188 Preto Perola, fieldwork; 189 doomu; 190 photosync; 192 Andrew Burgess; 196 Fotofermer, irin-k; 197 chuchiko17; 200 Hurst Photo; 203 kosmos111; 204 natalia pak, FabrikaSimf, runLenarun; 206 Mark William Penny, threeseven; 208 Robyn Mackenzie, Natasha Pankina; 214 jefftakespics2; 219 Nisakorn Neera; 224 Nata-Lia; 227 nikkytok; 237 Vitaly Korovin; 239 chuchiko17; 240 Nik Merkulov, EHStockphoto; 249 chuchiko17; 255 paitoon Meetee; 256 Riccardo Mayer, photka; 257 Annette Shaff; 258 marchello74; 261 Edwin Verin; 262 Dan Kosmayer; 267 FabrikaSimf; 268 Vladimir Prusakov; 274 Rob Wilson, Tiwat K; 278 paitoon Meetee; 279 irin-k; 281 jocic; 282 photosync, Natasha Pankina; 284 serg_dibrova; 285 Kwadrat; 286 Kwadrat, owatta; 287 Andrei Shumskiy; 288 Unconventional, Candus Camera, Slawomir Zelasko; 289 Rose Carson; 290 Photo Melon; 291 aboikis; 292 Pshenichka; 293 Lars Christensen; 294 photosync, Wonderful Future World; 296 Eric Isselee, mhatzapa, olnik_y; 302 Gelpi; 303 Narong Jongsirikul; 304 lord_photon; 305 Rose Carson; 306 Nenov Brothers Images; 308 bogdan ionescu; 309–310 Dora Zett; 311 Africa Studio; 312 Olga Rom; 315–316 Africa Studio; 317 Imageman, Johan Swanepoel; 319 Sergio Hayashi; 320 Jiri Hera; 324 Jiri Vaclavek; 326 Krasowit; 328 Prostock-studio, Africa Studio, enterphoto; 329 Mit Kapevski, ivansekretov; 330 nixki; 332 Kucher Serhii, MirasWonderland; 333 kustomer; 334 YolLusZam1802; 335 Andrew Olscher; 339–340 Low Sugar; 341 Joe Techapanupreeda; 350 spe; 351 RTimages; 352 N.Vector Design; 353 NATTANOP APICHITTRAKUL; 354 Eric Isselee; 356 Arnoud Quanjer; 357 unpict; 358 Svetlana Foote; 363 Diana Taliun; 364 Anna Kucherova; 375 creaPicTures, DMS Foto, Juneisy Q. Hawkins, puttsk; 376 Jaroslav74, Adrianhbr, NamoChonburi, Ukki Studio, jiangdi, Peter Vanco, Lapina, Africa Studio, Erik Lam; 377 Jiri Hera; 378 photomaster, Madlen; 380 Eric Isselee; 381 HomeStudio, Ilya Andriyanov, Noophoto, Fer Gregory; 382 Fer Gregory; 383 schankz; 384 mmstudiodesign; 386 Andy Piatt; 387 Africa Studio; 388 Valentyn Volkov; 389 schankz; 390 Kletr; 392 paperbees; 394 LittleMiss; 396 BEEE, Cristina Jurca, Pakhotin Andrey, Tatiana Mirlin, jsabirova; 398 design56; 399 Chones, Photo Melon; 400 Brooke Becker, Suradech Prapairat; 401 chuchiko17; 404 pukach, Alexey Broslavets, loskutnikov; 405–406 Rose Carson; 409 Super Prin, Butterfly Hunter; 410 Fesus Robert, N7atal7i, Eric Isselee, Jagodka; 411 Pavel Hlystov; 412 Oksana Kuzmina, Iriskana; 413 Feng Yu, shooarts; 414 RFvectors, Elena Pronenko, robinimages2013, ajt; 416 Kelvin Wong; 417 Mega Pixel, Chones; 418 Evgeniya Uvarova, Eric Gevaert; 419 Tsekhmister, Eric Isselee, photomaster; 420 Callipso, Super Prin, Tatyana Vyc, Evgeniya Pautova; 421 Eric Gevaert;




Front Cover Credits

©Joel Simon/Digital Vision/Getty Images



©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. A25

422 Family Business, lanych, Tsveta Nesheva; 423 Viktor1; 431 MAHATHIR MOHD YASIN; 433 Antonia Giroux; 434 Irina Rogova, sss615, Tiwat K; 435 Kostsov; 436 gresei; 438 Svitlana-ua; 444 Lightspring; 447 Vladimir Wrangel, mhatzapa; 448 Jacqui Martin, Madlen; 461–462 mekcar; 464 lasha, Elena Schweitzer, Andrii Horulko, Jr images; 465 Andrii Horulko, Quang Ho; 466 Ruth Black; 472 Andrii Horulko, Maris Kiselov, Candus Camera, drebha; 473 Pete Spiro, Claudio Divizia; 474 exoticartz; 491 David Franklin; 492 Ernst Photography; 493 Africa Studio; 494 Olga Guchek; 495 Quang Ho; 496 iris wright; 497 bogdan ionescu; 498 Richard Peterson; 501–502 Yeti studio; 507 Denise Torres; 512 George Filyagin; 514 creativestockexchange; 530 Svitlana-ua; 537 Anton-Burakov; 538 Ambient Ideas; 539 urfin; 540 Andrey Burmakin; 542 Fat Jackey; 552 nimon, NickKnight; 555 nimon, PinkBlue; 556 nimon; 560 nimon; 561 Low Sugar, Natasha Pankina; 571 Rudmer Zwerver; 573 exopixel; 574 ziviani, oleschwander; 575 Masterchief_Productions; 576 Mega Pixel; 578 Valentin Agapov; 579 Alex Romantsov; 580 Ching Design; 581 Gunnar Pippel, balabolka; 585 Romariolen, Tim UR, liskus; 586 Lisovskaya Natalia; 587 Lotus_studio; 590 bluehand, redchocolate; 591 Diana Taliun; 592 Andy Piatt; 595 Lersak supamatra; 596 FabrikaSimf, MichaelJayBerlin; 598 mayakova, Seregam; 599 Eric Isselee; 600 Olhastock; 611 STILLFX; 613 HeinzTeh; 614 aradaphotgraphy, Carolyn Franks; 615 Tatiana Popova; 616 Africa Studio, primiaou; 618 nanantachoke, Natasha Pankina; 619 Eric Isselee; 620 Tooykrub, Lalahouse; 621 valzan, smilewithjul; 625 wk1003mike; 626 Mike Flippo; 627 Yellow Cat, Tish1; 631 Andy Piatt; 632 BOONCHUAY PROMJIAM, Angeliki Vel; 634 Hong Vo, smilewithjul; 636 Madlen, smilewithjul; 637 chuchiko17; 638 chuchiko17, Astarina; 639 Petr Vaclavek; 640 Jiri Hera, Tiwat K; 643–644 Wasanajai; 645 BW Folsom; 646 Kotomiti Okuma, Iriskana; 648 Mike Truchon; 649 Roman Samokhin; 650 Sinelev; 652 IrinaK, ExpressVectors; 653 Meng Luen; 654 Bachkova Natalia, Iriskana; 659 ULKASTUDIO; 663 elbud; 664 Natykach Nataliia, smilewithjul; 666 Cheng Wei; 667 Ivonne Wierink, timquo; 668 STILLFX, timquo; 673–674 Lizard, Petr Kratochvil; 674 Tatiana Popova; 676 topseller; 683 Claudia Paulussen; 685 Andy Piatt; 691 iskrinka74; 693 Olinchuk, SFIO CRACHO, Udovichenko; 694 GotziLA STOCK, MARGRIT HIRSCH, Alexander Rybalka, Yellow Cat, Iuchunyu; 695 Dakalova Iuliia; 696 photka; 697 Yellow Cat; 698 Studio DMM Photography, Designs & Art; 699–700 STILLFX; 701 Yellow Cat; 702 Ian 2010, Igor Kovalchuk, Damir Kabirov, Eric Boucher; 703 Eric Isselee, Palokha Tetiana, Dora Zett, Pavel Hlystov, STILLFX; 704 Bryan Solomon, normallens, Andrey Medvedev; 705 Artem Shadrin; 706 Astock Productions, Udovichenko; 707 Madlen, Tatjana Romanova, Africa Studio, Keizt Photography, COLOA Studio, Vilor; 708 Rich Carey, Jan Martin Will, Eric Isselee, Madlen, STILLFX, Eric Boucher; 709 TRINACRIA PHOTO, Nataliia Dvukhimenna, Mega Pixel, Vilor, ElenaR, haru, pzAxe; 710 Eric

Boucher, Palokha Tetiana, STILLFX; 711 Eric Boucher, STILLFX; 712 Nebs, Timmary, Thammanoon Khamchalee, Anest, Protasov AN; 713 Yellow Cat, Bryan Solomon, normallens; 714 Plateresca, Atstock Productions, udovichenko; 715 Ioskutnikov; 716 Picsfive, Iggy Yorke, Pavel Hlystov, Food Travel Stockforlife; 717 donatas1205, Picsfive; 718 Coprid, schankz, little birdie, Picsfive; 720 JasonCPhoto, Bluegrass Imagery; 722 Lucie Lang, Yellow Cat; 723 donatas1205; 724 donatas1205, timquo, Picsfive; 725 terekhov igor, Elena Anikina; 726 Iablonskyi Mykola, Bill45, trubitsyn, Alex Coan, Picsfive; 727 Picsfive, Svetlana Happyland, DJ Srki, dragon_art; 728 icolourful, Svetlana Happyland, Picsfive, Andrey_Kuzmin, Udovichenko; 729 elenovsky, photo one; 730 Bokeh Blur Background, elenovsky, photo one; 731 Madlen, Bokeh Blue Background, Eric Boucher; 732 Irina Barilo, Bokeh Blur Background, Dan Kosmayer, urfin, Katharina Scharle; 733 somdul, elenovsky, Dan Kosmayer, Katharina Scharle; 734 Bokeh Blur Background, MirasWonderland, Osadchyi_I; 735 urfin, Tarzhanova; 736 JDCarballo, Sergiy Kuzmin, Happy Stock Photo, gillmar; 737 SkaLd, InGreen, Eric Isselee, Yellow Cat, Eric Boucher, Picsfive; 739 Allocricetulus, StockPhotosArt, travis manley; 740 optimarc, Mega Pixel, Anest, nortongo, Katharina Scharle; 741 Lucie Lang, Dan Kosmayer; 742 margouillat photo, Dan Kosmayer, sergign, Anton Starikov; 744 Picsfive; 746 Picsfive, Africa Studio, valkoinen; 747 Yellow Cat; 748 matkub2499, StockPhotosArt, Picsfive; 749 revers, Eric Boucher, Tanakorn Moolsarn; 750 somdul, Africa Studio, nortongo, Dan Kosmayer; 752 terekhov igor, Hedez, Yellow Cat, Dan Kosmayer; 753 exopixel, Kirsanov Valeriy Vladimirovich, Eric Boucher; 754 Valentina Razumova, MichaelJayBerlin, Sondre Lysne; 755 Polryaz, Dan Kosmayer, Picsfive; 756 Oleksandr Lysenko; 757 troyka, shooarts; 758 Jiang Zhongyan, timquo, Dan Kosmayer, revers; 765 NizamD; 767 Nenov Brothers Images; 768 cherezoff, topform, Handies Peak, Richard Peterson, Birgit Reitz-Hofmann, Marcus Miranda; 769 Tang Yan Song; 772 bogdan ionescu; 775 OnlyZoia, GalapagosPhoto; 781 Nenov Brothers Images, topform; 784 Evgeny Karandaev; 791 Bankrx; 792 Vitaly Zorkin, Lu Wenjuan; 793 Vereshchagin Dmitry; 794 Mega Pixel, Odua Images, Natasha Pankina; 798–799 Anaken2012; 800 melnikof; 804 wk1003mike; 815 Boonchuay1970; 816 Lisovskaya Natalia; 820 COLOA Studio, Anna Kucherova, Rin Ohara; 829 Prostock-studio, Pixelbliss; 831 Sapunkele, siamionau pavel; A4 Yellow Cat; A6 titelio, Jiri Vaclavek, kitzcorner; A7 nimon, Valerii__Dex; A9 Tsekhmister, azure1; A11 Ruslan Ivantsov; A13 EHStockphoto; A14 Paleka, TRINACRIA PHOTO; A17, A18, A20 Peter Hermes Furian; A22 Ruslan Ivantsov; A23 bestv

Student Handbook, appearing in Student Bookshelf and Teacher Guide only: HBi ArtMari, Pixfiction, Rawpixel.com, Disavorabuth; HB1 Africa Studio; HB2 iadams; HB3 Palabra; HB4 Tero Vesalainen; HB5 Harvepino; HB8 Chiyacat; HB9 Kyselova Inna, Markus Mainka; HB11 Disavorabuth; HB19 Rawpixel.com

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. B24




Photography Credits

Front Cover ©Joel Simon/Digital Vision/Getty Images; A3–A45 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A27 ©iStock/monkeybusinessimages; A36 ©spass/Shutterstock, ©GagliardiPhotography/Shutterstock, ©weedezign/Shutterstock; HBi–HB19 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; 45 ©Prostock-studio/Shutterstock; 166 ©Dan Thornberg/Shutterstock, ©Iasha/Shutterstock; 243 ©Happy Together/Shutterstock; 744 ©MaraZe/Shutterstock; 751 ©Vectomart/Shutterstock, ©travis manley/Shutterstock; A1–A23 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; B1–B24 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images

Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments


iii Ahturner; iv Pavlo_K, Seth Gallmeyer; v Bubbers BB, David Franklin; vi Take Photo, Viktor Kunz; vii Butterfly Hunter, Galina Petrova; 1 Ajintai; 4 Prostock-studio; 5 kithanet; 6 Joey Chung; 8 Inna Astakhova, Aluna1; 9–10 Natalia D.; 12 Mike Flippo; 15 Andy Piatt; 16 Hayati Kayhan; 17 easyshutter, Lano4ka; 18 Stephanie Frey; 19 Crackerclips Stock Media; 20 Tamara Kulikova, Lalahouse; 22 Sergiy Kuzmin, Tiwat K; 25 Jiri Hera; 27 Noel Powell, blue67design; 28 mihalec, En min Shen; 29 catwalker; 30 Denis Burdin, Alex Alekseev, DR Travel Photo and Video, Hanna Kh, In-Finity; 32 BIGANDT.COM, Elisa Putti, Mary Rice, Alena Stalmashonak; 33 Oksana Kuzmina; 34 Picsfive; 36 Oksana Kuzmina; 39 Eric Isselee; 40 Steve Oehlenschlager, serazetdinov; 44 timquo; 45 Vasily Menshov; 47 bajinda; 49 onair; 51 Tim UR; 52 Sascha Burkard; 53 Peter Zijlstra; 54 Sailorr; 56 maxpro; 57 Matimix, liskus; 58 karn684; 60 Nadiia Korol, RioAbajoRio; 61 Elena Blokhina; 62 Dirk Ercken, artnLera; 63–64 Karkas, karn684; 66 Mygate; 67 Vyaseleva Elena, primiaou, artnLera; 69 Tom Biegalski, Lano4ka, Iriskana; 70 fivespots, blue67design; 71 De2marco; 72 Dionisvera; 73 Dudarev Mikhail, Iriskana; 75 Mauro Rodrigues; 76 AllNikArt, David Crockett; 77 Artem Kutsenko, Kyselova Inna, Nataly Studio, Nik Merkulov, Valentyn Volkov; 78 Fotofermer; 80 Maks Narodenko, Nataliia K, Oleksii Biriukov, Tim UR, Valentina Proskurina; 81 kp photograph, lasha, Mtsaride, pukach; 82 kp photograph, lasha, Mtsaride, pukach; 83 Jirateep sankote; 84 Hans Geel, marssanya; 86 Ivaylo Ivanov, Nataliia K, Oleksii Biriukov, Roman Samokhin; 87 Anton-Burakov; 88 Aluna1, iris wright; 89 Oleksii Biriukov; 91 Leigh Prather; 92 LAURA_VN, Olga_Angelloz; 93 Magic Pasta, RFvectors, VanReeel, vectorlight; 95 aksenova_yu, ALEX S, Magic Pasta, OGdesign, vectorlight; 98 Stanisic Vladimir; 99 Hawk777, Olga_Angelloz; 100 Lu Mikhaylova; 101 Africa Studio, NYS; 102 GalapagosPhoto; 104 KK Tan; 105 5 second Studio; 106 Fafarumba, Roman Samokhin; 108 G_B_R_Jo, Kletr; 109 Pavel Hlystov; 110 Mega Pixel; 111 Looker_Studio; 112 Ahturner, runLenarun; 114 John T Takai, Yuri Samsonov; 115 Alexlukin; 116 JK’s Design, lineartestpilot, Tsekhmister; 117 Hung Chung Chih; 118 Astarina, Cosma; 119 Steve Oehlenschlager, Yoko Design; 121 advent, Gopause; 123 Dakalova Iuliia; 124 Stuar; 126 Kirill Makarov; 128 Cameilia; 137 Lerner Vadim; 141 Arunas Gabalis; 144 absolut; 145 urbanbuzz; 146 AVS-Images, Lemonade Serenade; 148 Jantana, Nadiia Korol; 151 marssanya, Regien Paassen; 154 Aluna1, Kak2s, Tiwat K; 156 Low Sugar; 157 Olga Miltsova; 160 margouillat photo, runLenarun; 163 Ksuxa-muxa, nimon; 164 Dora Zett, blue67design; 165 Africa Studio; 166 ivansekretov; 168 Photosync; 169 Jiri Pavlik, Natasha Pankina; 172 catwalker; 174 Shebeko, smilewithjul; 175 Billion Photos; 177 Maryna Kulchytska, Natasha Pankina; 178 Alabass27; 181 Kyselova Inna; 185 Tamara Kulikova; 187 Marques; 188 Nik Merkulov; 189 Tatiana Popova; 190 threeseven; 192 Armari36, blue67design; 193 marilyn barbone; 196 Liskus, Ziben; 198 DR Travel Photo and Video; 199 Tyler Olson; 202 Tim UR; 203 ZoranOrcik; 206 Carolyn Franks, redchocolate; 207 Dan Thornberg, sirtravelalot;

209 Gyvafoto, Visual Generation; 211 Tamara Kulikova; 212 En min Shen; 213 Photo Melon; 216 Jenny Schuck; 218 I AM NIKOM; 220 Saltodemata, smilewithjul; 221 Blue67design, Mirko Rosenau; 223 marssanya, science photo; 224 Twin Design; 226 marssanya, Scanrail1; 227 ProStockStudio; 228 Kaspri, marssanya, smilewithjul; 229 Linda Vostrovska; 230 Nattika; 234 Elena Butinova; 236 mtphoto19; 239 Africa Studio, Eric Isselee, Natasha Pankina; 240 photastic; 241 Danza; 246 Chones; 249 Natalia Klenova; 250 Chones; 251 Africa Studio; 254 Carolyn Franks; 259 Elena Elisseeva; 260 Neamov; 262 Seth Gallmeyer; 263 RomGams; 264 FabrikaSimf; 271 Pavlo_K; 273 MyImages – Micha; 276 Happy Together, Yoko Design; 277 Johann Helgason; 286 Evastudio; 287 Africa Studio; 289 Christian Jung; 290 Zaretska Olga; 292 Ehtesham; 294 Jag_cz, David M. Schrader; 295 Tamara Kulikova; 296 Super Prin; 297 Eric Isselee; 303 SuriyaPhoto; 306 Cyril Hou; 316 Michael Drager; 318 Big and Serious, Daria Chichkareva, Jagodka; 319–320 Linett; 322 Nikolaeva, rangizzz; 326 kao; 328 CaseyMartin; 329–330 nfsphoto; 332 aperturesound; 333 Nata-Lia, Tulpahn; 334 graja, Sapunkele; 335 oksana2010, Popartic; 341 Dudarev Mikhail; 342 Bjphotographs, HstrongART, MITstudio; 346 Bubbers BB; 347 Brian A Jackson; 348 Robyn Mackenzie; 350 Rose Carson; 352 nanantachoke; 353–354 Ragnarock; 356 James Watts; 359 Africa Studio; 363 NikoNomad; 365 elbud; 366 En min Shen, junjun; 367 macondo; 370 Iriskana, tkemot; 377 MNI; 378 blue67design, timquo; 380 P Maxwell Photography; 381 eAlisa; 382 catwalker; 384 Marc Ward; 386 Petlia Roman; 387 blue67design, tarapong srichaiyos; 389–390 ChristianChan; 391 Denis Tabler; 392 Hamizan Yusof; 394 Eric Isselee, olnik_y; 395 Marijus Auruskevicius; 396 Natasha Pankina, wawritto; 398 puttsk; 400 HardheadMonster; 401 Olga Miltsova; 402 Sebastian Janicki; 408 ArtCookStudio; 409 Artush; 412 Sergey Ash; 413 NathalieB; 414 Ksander; 415 BIGANDT.COM, Elisa Putti, Smit; 416 belizar; 418 PHOTOCREO Michal Bednarek, foto-select, Vladimir Wrangel; 419 Jiangdi; 420 Niethammer Zoltan; 422 neftali, Oldrich, Zvonimir Atletic; 425 Billion Photos; 430 Lertsakwiman; 431 smilewithjul, Tamara Kulikova; 432 Tadeusz Wejkszo; 434 Kyselova Inna, smilewithjul; 435 Kim Reinick; 436 stockcreations, topform; 439 OtmarW; 440 Natalia D.; 442 opicobello; 443 Ljupco Smokovski; 446 Deyan Georgiev; 449 Studio DMM Photography, Designs & Art; 450 David Franklin; 453 Horatiu Bota, topform; 459 Kyrylo Glivin; 462 Chones; 463 Olga Reznik; 466 Rachel Brunette; 467 timquo; 468 lineartestpilot, timquo; 470 Ronnie Chua; 472 Steve Cukrov; 473 Tudor Ardeleanu; 474 garmoncheg; 475 Hurst Photo; 476 Mikhail Abramov; 477 Scanrail1; 479 Kthaikla; 480 Shaynepplstockphoto; 482 Jiri Hera; 484 Sandra van der Steen; 486 Sebra; 487 Africa Studio; 493 Roman Stetsyk; 497 Mizkit; 498 Matthias G. Ziegler; 500 Vitaly Zorkin; 501–502 Picsfive, M Kunz; 504 IB Photography, Yellow Cat; 505 Yellow Cat; 506 Sonia Dubois, Vitaly Zorkin; 507 xpixel; 508 ilovezion, Mizkit;




Front Cover Credits©Auscape International Pty Ltd/Alamy ©Lynne Nicholson/Shutterstock

Illustration CreditsAll Illustrations by Tim Chi Ly


510 NARUDON ATSAWALARPSAKUN; 511 Polina Prokofieva, MaraZe, Bragin Alexey; 512 Silvano audisio; 513 Yanas; 514 aperturesound; 515 Vladvm; 516 gresei; 518 Seregam; 519 Montego; 520 Wk1003mike; 522 MustafaNC, Belinda Pretorius, Dean bertoncelj; 523 Pictureguy; 524 Vadim Orlov, P Maxwell Photography; 526 Nerthuz, kontur-vid; 527 freesoulproduction; 528 Feng Yu, gillmar, Oliver Hoffman; 531 Mega Pixel, Tuomas Lehtinen; 532 Fedorov Oleksiy, Rawpixel.com, Polryaz; 535 timquo, Viktar Ramanenka; 536 Alhovik, Nik Merkulov; 537 Dan Kosmayer; 538 Marko Poplasen; 539 aopsan; 542 Roman Samokhin; 543 domnitsky; 544 Mega Pixel, koosen, Lunatictm; 545 PK.Phuket studio; 547 Ivonne Wierink, primiaou; 548 Tatiana Shepeleva; 549 Atlaspix, Mtlapcevic, drpnncpptak; 550 MyImages – Micha, Oleksandr Fediuk, Peter Vanco; 551 Blackspring; 552 Alexander Tolstykh, claire norman, Lufter; 553 Liam1949, Stockforlife; 554 Stepan Bormotov; 558 gillmar, Louella938; 559 Koosen; 560 Kamenetskiy Konstantin, Soonios Pro; 561 Sergiy Kuzmin; 564 Dora Zett, Verbitsky Denis; 566 Val Lawless; 568 Anton Starikov; 569 Photo One; 570 Picsfive; 572 Nor Gal, 573 Bulbspark, Nikola Bilic; 574 An NGUYEN, bulbspark; 576 Marish; 577 Vvoe; 578 Elena100; 581 endeavor; 582 NARUDON ATSAWALARPSAKUN, ULKASTUDIO; 584 RimmaOrphey; 585 StepanPopov; 586 Rakimm; 589 Exopixel, Pavel Bobrovskiy; 591 Coprid; 592 Godsend, Rashevskyi Viacheslav; 593 Peyker 594 Seregam, Peyker; 596 Ton Bangkeaw; 597 Arina P Habich; 598 reiza, Tarzhanova, Arina P Habich; 600 Mtsaride; 601 Irin-k; 602 oksana2010; 603 goi; 606 Arthito, mhatzapa; 607 Ivonne Wierink; 608 Picsfive; 609 viviamo; 611 FabrikaSimf; 612 Nik Merkulov; 613 Kitch Bain; 614 Nbenbow, schab; 616 Skobrik; 621 motorolka; 624 Solutioning Incorporated; 626 Ruslan Ivantsov; 629 Vahe 3D; 630 goodwin_x, Paleka; 634 Mhatzapa, Steve Oehlenschlager; 636 Scruggelgreen; 639 ang intaravichian; 640 Olha Ukhal; 642 Ton Bangkeaw;

644 MirasWonderland, ingret, Ermolaev Alexander, Oleksandr Lytvynenko, Eric Isselee, Dora Zett, Africa Studio, Olhastock, Grigorita Ko; 645 Eric Isselee, Laralova; 646 Alhovik; 648 BOONCHUAY PROMJIAM; 650 feelphoto2521; 651 stockfotoart; 653 Garsya; 654 Africa Studio, Picsfive; 655 azure1; 656 Sharon Silverman Boyd, Garsya; 658 Photka; 659 Rakic; 660 timquo; 661 Yaroslava; 664 Enrique Ramos; 666 Coprid, Lucie Lang; 668 valkoinen, timquo, iMoved Studio, grey_and; 669 Prasolov Alexei; 670 Africa Studio, Timquo; 671 Timquo, Pelfophoto, Airdone; 672 Vitaly Zorkin, Yellow Cat; 679 Alexandra Lande; 681 Galina Petrova; 682 Richard Griffin, indaflesh; 687 Elena Schweitzer; 688 Butterfly Hunter, SAPhotog, artshock, Handies Peak, Elena Schweitzer; 700 Oakozhan; 706 Andrey Eremin, Bigacis; 714 Izlan Somai; 716 kaspan, Mikhail Abramov, Africa Studio, Mamuka Gotsiridze; 717 Ruslan Grumble; alexmak7; 718 MNI; 722 Ravipat; 724 Rattanamanee Patpong; 732 Timquo; 733 GRSI; 736 Phovoir, Pumidol; 737 Chuckstock, Pixfiction; 740 Cherdchai charasri, freestyle images; 741 ajt, Ariadna Nevskaya, Marish; 744 Narong Jongsirikul; 745 Artem Kutsenk; 746 TukkataMoji; 747 Studio DMM Photography, Designs & Art; 749 Africa Studio; 751 Su Xingmin; 753 Aliaksei Tarasau; 754 Aperture51; 755 valkoinen; 758 kustome; 759 Mtsaride, FocusStocker, olnik_y; 762 Eric Isselee, Rudmer Zwerver, BlackAkaliko; 764 Zadiraka Evgenii; 765 Preto Perola; 766 Alan Lucas; 770 Dora Zett; 771 Africa Studio; 774 Stockforlife; 776 Suradech Prapairat, Stockforlife; 779 Mega Pixel; 780 Narong Jongsirikul; A4 titelio, Jiri Vaclavek, kitzcorner; A8 DenisNata; A9 Picsfive, Pogonici; A15 Picsfive; A16 Sasimoto

Student Handbook, appearing in Student Bookshelf and Teacher Guide only: HBi ArtMari, Pixfiction, Rawpixel.com, Disavorabuth; HB1 Africa Studio; HB2 iadams; HB3 Palabra; HB5 Havepino; HB6 Tatiana Popova; HB8 Chiyacat; HB9 Kyselova Inna, Markus Mainka; HB10 ArtMari; HB11-HB12 ArtMari, Disavorabuth; HB13-HB14 ArtMari; HB18 Rawpixel.com

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted.B25 Acknowledgments

Common Core State Standards ©2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved.



Photography Credits

Front Cover ©Auscape International Pty Ltd/Alamy, ©Lynne Nicholson/Shutterstock; A3–A43 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A25 ©LWA/Dann Tardif/Getty Images; A34 ©Monkey Business Images, ©wavebreakmedia; HBi–HB18 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; 81 ©Lukas Gojda/Shutterstock; ©Eric Isselee/Shutterstock; A1–A19 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; B1–B25 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images

Acknowledgments


iii ArtMari, lendy16; iv Dimedrol68; v akiyoko, Vadim; vi Artismo, Hurst Photo, Rashad Ashurov, trekandshoot; vii sumire8, TerryM; viii CyrilLutz, Kaiskynet; 1 Kristina Vackova; 3 Erica Truex, Iraidka; 4 En min Shen, Erica Truex; 9 Erica Truex, Seregam; 10 Billion Photos, Erica Truex, EtiAmmos; 13 Erica Truex, Ralko; 14 blue67design, Erica Truex, Jagodka, LHF Graphics, Nina_Susik; 15 Edwin Verin, Erica Truex, palform; 16 Erica Truex, palform, Rich Koele; 19 Bogdan ionescu, Erica Truex; 20 Northallertonman; 23 Erica Truex, GOLFX, Lightspring; 24 Lane V. Erickson; 27 likekightcm; 30 Erica Truex, Javier Brosch, RomanJuve; 31 Erica Truex, Fabio Berti, palform; 34 Dudarev Mikhail, Erica Truex; 40 Erica Truex, S-ts; 41 Erica Truex, Gavrylovaphoto, palform; 42 Erica Truex, Kithanet, palform; 45 Andrey Lobachev, Art’nLera, olllikeballoon; 49 pattara puttiwong; 52 Dima Sobko; 53 IROOM STOCK, palform; 54 palform, studiolovin; 56 PhotoProCorp; 57 Federico Quevedo; 58 Erica Truex, palform, Plumdesign; 59 Erica Truex, Shebeko; 60 Ed Samuel, Erica Truex; 61 Erica Truex, Kzww; 62 Erica Truex, lendy16; 69 AfricaStudio, Erica Truex; 70 Erica Truex, Natu, palform; 74 Stephen Orsillo; 75 Cmnaumann, palform; 76 Dangdumrong, otsphoto; 80 Triff; 81 SeDmi, smilewithjul; 82 David Franklin; 83 Wsantina; 89 Shuter; 91 Kovalchuk Oleksandr, Kyselova Inna; 92 Pete Spiro, Photosync; 93 KK Tan; 96 Petlia Roman; 97 Rose Carson; 99 Fotofermer, Irin-k; 100 freestyle images; 101 Tim UR; 102 Pete Spiro; 105 Pets in frames; 108 Timothy Boomer; 109–110 charles taylor; 112 Coprid, marssanya; 113 M. Unal Ozmen, Maks Narodenko; 114 Mario7, Tim UR; 116 Elnur, Lubava; 119 CrackerClips Stock Media; 120 Studio DMM Photography, Designs & Art; 122 SOMMAI; 125 Lubava, Valentina Razumova; 126 Jiri Hera, showcake, Stockforlife, Vitaly Zorkin; 127–128 Valentina Rozumova; 130 Viacheslav Rubel; 131 Natasha Pankina, SUN-FLOWER; 132 Hannamariah, marssanya; 134 Iriskana, Photo Melon; 136 Le Do, liskus; 137–138 Aopsan, Claudio Divizia; 141 Sashkin; 143 AS Food studio, smilewithjul; 144 AS Food studio; 147 Lukas Gojda, Valentina Proskurina; 148 Yaping; 149 Kyselova Inna, Triff; 150 KMNPhoto; 152 Elena Schweitzer, Iriskana; 153 Lifestyle Graphic; 154 Tropper2000; 159 Dimedrol68; 160 Dimedrol68, liskus, SOMMAI; 163 Danny Smythe; 164 normallens; 165–166 Tadeusz Wejkszo; 169 Andrea Izzotti, Celso Diniz, Chris Bradshaw, Christian Musat, Denton Rumsey, Don Mammoser, f11 photo, FloridaStock, GUDKOV ANDREY, Henryk Sadura, Jason Patrick Ross, Jayne Carney, liquid studios, moosehenderson, Romrodphoto; 171 Rido, smilewithjul; 172 Bajinda, liskus, Maks Narodenko; 174 Elnur, Ksuxa-muxa; 177 Narong Jongsirikul; 179 Alexey D. Vedernikov; 180 Kletr, smilewithjul; 181 ArtMari, Nattika, palform; 182 Claudio Divizia, palform; 183 Africa Studio, palform; 184 Drozhzhina Elena; 186 mayer kleinostheim, palform; 187 palform, Natalia D; 190 Boris Sosnovyy, palform; 192 Africa Studio, palform; 193 palform, Redchocolate, Lenorko; 194 Lenorko, palform, Redchocolate, TerraceStudio; 197 Karkas, Coprid, Olga Popova, palform; 199 stockcreations; 200 Gbuglok, palform; 202 Olga Lyubkin, palform; 207 Erofeeva Natalya, palform; 208 palform, Phase4Studios,

Picsfive; 209 ArtnLera, palform, paulaphoto; 211 ajt, palform; 212 ArtnLera, FabrikaSimf, palform; 214 Balabolka, EtiAmmos, monticello, palform; 215 ArtnLera, Cergios, palform; 216 Caimacanul, Design56, Redchocolate; 218 Balabolka, Michelle D. Milliman; 221 Balabolka, Odua Images; 222 palform, Vstock24; 223 Ocram, palform; 224 palform, Vangert; 225 Ivaschenko Roman, palform; 226 Juthamat8899; 227 Andrey_Kuzmin; 228 mr.chanwit wangsuk palform; 230 COLOA Studio, LHF Graphics; 231 Cheers Group, HelgaLin, palform; 233 Anneka, Kschrei, palform, Vesna cvorovic; 234 Denis Pepin, palform; 235 Ivory27; 236 palform, Pao Laroid; 237 nld, Runrun2; 238 HamsterMan, Robyn Mackenzie; 239 Craig Wactor, palform; 240 AlexPic, mohamad firdaus bin ramli; 242 AlexPic, Quang Ho; 243 Natalia7, palform; 245 Bryan Solomon, motorolka, palform; 246 r.classen, palform, Valentina Proskurina; 247 Maria Jeffs; 250 En min Shen; 251 oksana2010; 252 Somboon Bunproy; 254 artnLera, Hong Vo, sevenke, Tiwat K; 255 Shippee; 256 HodagMedia; 259 Kletr; 262 Africa Studio; 264 smilewithjul, Steve Cukrov; 268 Dontree; 272 Jiradet Ponari; 283 palform, Shuter; 286 Vdimage; 289 Alekseykolotvin; 290 Suzanne Tucker; 291 Victor Moussa; 299 JARIRIYAWAT; 303 Kovalenko Dmitriy, Route55; 306 Roman Dick; 314 Gl0ck, Tiwat K; 315 Tom Pavlasek; 318 Undrey; 320 Plufflyman; 322 Irina Fischer; 325 Bragin Alexey; 326 Ksenia Palimski; 329 areeya_ann; 333 Coprid; 334 balabolka, MaxCab; 335 Drozhzhina Elena, palform; 337 Vadim Sadovski; 338 palform; 340 palform, RomanStrela; 341 Fotokostic, Oleg Romanko, VVO; 346 cherezoff, palform; 345–348 akiyoko, palform; 356 artnLera, Dmitry Zimin, En min Shen; 357 artnLera, Olivier Le Queinec; 358 EHStockphoto; 359 Maks Narodenko; Matt Benoit; 360 Pavlo_K; 361 Svetlana Serebryakova, Olga Nikonova; 362 LAURA_VN, Quang Ho; 363 bluehand, Olga Nikonova; 364 Miroslav Halama; 366 LittleMiss, MarGi; 367 lana rinck; 369 Roma Borman; 370 Roma Borman; 372 aquariagirl1970, Tim UR; 373 Africa Studio, Simon Bratt; 374 balabolka, Max Lashcheuski; 375 Madlen; 378 Aopsan, Claudio Divizia, Natasha Pankina; 379 kruraphoto; 380 Ultimax; 383 vikky; 384 palform, YUTTASAK SAMPACHANO; 385 anna. q, Iriskana, Quanthem; 386 Iriskana, ES sarawuth, topform; 387 Surrphoto; 390 BW Folsom; 391 balabolka, Leigh Prather; 392 Lotus_studio; 394 Mauro Rodrigues; 395 Alchena; 396 Andrey Eremin, Iriskana; 397–398 abdrahimmahfar; 400 marre; 402 jannoon028; 403 Aluna1, Pandapaw; 404 Aluna1, Tropper2000; 407 Simic Vojislav; 408 Iriskana, Peshkova; 411 photosync, redchocolate; 412 NinaM; 414 Erica Truex, irin-k; 415 Cherdchai charasri, Erica Truex; 418 CrackerClips Stock Media; 419 Aliaksei Tarasau, Flower Studio, LilKar; 420–421 Aliaksei Tarasau; 422 Aliaksei Tarasau, Smit; 423 Erica Truex, Valdis Skudre; 424 Joshua Lewis, Tiwat K; 425 STILLFX; 426 Chones; 428 Erica Truex, Sergiy Kuzmin; 430 Katstudio, Tiwat K; 431 attapoljochosobig, Iriskana; 432 JUN3, Iriskana; 434 Protasov AN; 435–436 Aliaksei Tarasau; 438 Smileus; 439 David Franklin, Iriskana, palform; 440 irin-k, Iurii Osadchi; 441 Oksana2010; 442, 444 Khvost, Ronald Sumners, Surrphoto; 446 Sergey Chayko; 455 Africa Studio; 457 Hurst Photo; 458 Olga Nayashkova; 462 CKP1001;




Front Cover credits

©Teri Lyn Fisher/Offset


468 Africa Studio, blue67design; 469 IB Photography; 471 Grynold; 474 Nata-Lia; 475 Artsimo; 480 SunshineVector, trekandshoot; 481 PhotoMediaGroup; 486 GreenArt; 492 baibaz; 494 balabolk; 495 Scruggelgreen; 498 t50; 499 MaskaRad; 500 Palokha Tetiana; 502 bestv; 505 Exopixel; 506 ANGHI, liskus; 508 Africa Studio, Natasha Pankina; 509 Jessica Torres Photography; 511–512 Tsekhmister; 514 Vladimir Jotov; 515 Mybona, Zeligen; 521 Anyunov, Iriskana; 522 balabolka, Julia-art; 526 images.etc, Iriskana; 529 balabolka, KAWEESTUDIO; 530 Iriskana, Mamuka Gotsiridze; 531 6493866629; 532 Africa Studio, Erica Truex, GraphicsRF; 534 En min Shen, Samathi; 538 Gargantiopa; 539 balabolka, CameraOnHand; 540 Sommai damrongpanich; 542 Iriskana, Maryna korotenko; 546 ImagePixel; 547 balabolka, Iriskana, nechaevkon, Zeligen; 548 Studio KIWI; 549 Hintau Aliaksei; 550 Mega Pixel; 551 Billion Photos; 552 Billion Photos; 553 Yellow Cat; 554 serg_dibrova; 555 Domnitsky; 558 Tetiana Rostopira, Tiwat K; 559 FeellFree; 560 FeellFree; 561 Hsagencia; 564 Africa Studio, Arka38, Tiwat K; 566 Valeri Potapova; 567 Alslusky; 568 Mega Pixel; 569 Anutr Yossundara; 570 vvoe; 571 Tiwat K, Tobik; 572 Arnon Phutthajak, goir; 574 Mark Herreid, smilewithjul; 576 Beautiful landscape, smilewithjul; 578 Krungchingpixs, Kubias; 585 SUN-FLOWER; 588 DenisNata, Natasha Pankina; 589 baibaz; 592 Iriskana, Roxana Bashyrova; 593 Brenda Carson; 594 Sumire8; 599 Africa Studio; 600 Anton Havelaar, Iriskana; 602 Peter Kotoff; 603 Happy monkey, Iriskana; 604 Iriskana, supachai sumrubsuk; 605 Ivan Smuk; 606 Africa Studio, Iriskana; 608 Olena Mykhaylova; 609 Ruth Black; 610 Oleksandr Lysenko, Primiaou; 612 Elnur; 614 Ever; 615 Kellis, Steve Collender, somchaij, Suzanne Tucker; 616 sabza; 617 Mega Pixel, Quang Ho, Kaiskynet Studio; 618 higyou, Kellis, posteriori, photo one somchaij, Suzanne Tucker; 619 chromatos, TerryM; 620 Chones, Kaiskynet Studio, kolopach, Quang Ho; 621 robert_s; 622 Iriskana bioraven; 625 Africa Studio, Keith Homan, somchaij, Timmary; 626 Fleuraya, lacote, somchaij; 627 Hortimages; 628 Steve Collender, Lestertair; 630 Vector things; 631 gowithstock; 632 Steve Collender; 634 Fleuraya; 635 Maksym Bondarchuk; 636 Dorottya Mathe, Natasha Pankina; 637 Alina Cardiae Photography, Iakiv

Pekarskyi, lasha, M. Unal Ozmen, More Images; 638 Take Photo, design56, Hong Vo; 639 Domnitsky, Vitaly Zorkin; 641 GrigoryL, Roman Samokhin; 642 IB Photography; 643 Khumthong; 644 amero, Mariusz Szczygiel; 646 jiangdi; 647 Alex Mit, Denis Churin; 648 s_oleg; 649 Tim UR, ZoneCreative; 650 More Images; 652 Iriskana, JGade; 653 Jim Vallee; 654 TanyaRozhnovskaya; 657 Maks Narodenko, Zirconicusso; 658 Quang Ho; 659 SUN-FLOWER; 662 PeachLoveU; 664 George3973, Grigor Unkovski, smilewithjul, Timquo; 665 Sia-James; 666 Nito; 667 Africa Studio; 673 Besjunior; 675 Jojoo64; 676 Africa Studio, Creative icon styles, CyrilLutz, ParvinMaharramov, Joe Belanger, UltimaS; 680 artnLera, Kaspri; 681 smilewithjul, Standard Studio; 684 Kaiskynet Studio, liskus; 687 Hank Shiffman, Joe Belanger, jannoon028; 688 Cbenjasuwan, Mtsaride, Mega Pixel, Yanas, rzstudio; 692 goran cakmazovic, marssanya; 700 valkoinen; 707 balabolka, endeavor; 709 KhanunHaHa, Ksuxa-muxa, Natasha Pankina; 710 palform, Sanzhar Murzin; 711 fotoscool, Irin-k, palform; 714 Anucha Tiemsom, Moxumbic; 715 yevgeniy11; 716 Effective stock photos, palform, Tiwat-K; 718 Ksuxa-muxa, Roblan, Tiwat K; 719 STILLFX; 724 Sergey Sizov; 726 Natasha Pankina, M Kunz; 730 donatas1205; 731 boivin nicolas; 732 Natasha Pankina, Evgeny Tomeev; 734 MicroOne; 735 liskus, SHUTTER TOP; 736 Ksuxa-muxa, Palmform; Seregam; 737 YUU-ME; 738 Vladislav Lyutov; 743 GO DESIGN, Suradech Prapairat; 744 Suradech Prapairat; 745 Optimarc; 746 Iriskana; 747 akiyoko; 752 Diana Elfmarkova, runLenarun; 753 artnlera, Redstone; 760 Nortongo; A5 Amfoto, Gts; A10 P Maxwell Photography

Student Handbook, appearing in Student Bookshelf and Teacher Guide only: HBi ArtMari, Rawpixel.com, Pixfiction, Disavorabuth; HB1 Africa Studio, opicobello; HB2 iadams; HB3 Palabra; HB5 Havepino; HB6 Tatiana Popova; HB8 Chiyacat; HB9 Kyselova Inna, Markus Mainka; HB10 ArtMari; HB11 Disavorabuth; HB12 ArtMari, Disavorabuth; HB13–HB14 ArtMari; HB18 Rawpixel.com





Photography Credits

Front Cover ©Teri Lyn Fisher/Offset; A3–A45 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A25 ©LWA/Dann Tardif/Getty Images; A36 ©Monkey Business Images, ©wavebreakmedia; HBi–HB17 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; 617 ©Danielle Balderas/Shutterstock; A1–A20 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; B1–B27 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images

Acknowledgments


iii Racheal Grazias, David Herraez Calzada; iv Antonia Giroux, tratong; v 2happy, Allen McDavid Stoddard; vi Gordana Sermek, Thitima Boonnak; vii d100, Photoonlife; 1 S. Bonaime; 3 Alex Staroseltsev; 4 Alex Staroseltsev, KaiMook Studio 99, Lano4ka, Mhatzapa; 8 Mhatzapa, NikoNomad; 13 Mhatzapa, Peter Sobolev; 15 Alexsandr Sadkov, Art’n’Lera, Marssanya; 16 Aleksandr Sadkov, Art’n’Lera; 17 piotr_pabijan; 18 Authentic Creations, Pixfiction; 19 Pixfiction; 20 Cheryl Casey; 21 David Lee; 22 Brocreative; 24 Lyekaterina, Super Prin; 29 Khunnoo; 30 Butsaya; 31 Africa Studio; 32 Stratos Giannikos; 33 Africa Studio; 34 Andregric, EkaC; 36 Roman Samokhin; 37 Neveshkin Nikolay; 40 Thodonal88; 44 Antpkr; 45 Kzww; 47 Ann Stryzhekin, dmitro2009, In-Finity, Jason Patrick Ross, Jo Crebbin; 49 Digidreamgrafix, In-Finity, StacieStauffSmith Photos, Steve Bower; 52 Pixeldreams.eu, Zmiter; 53 Racheal Grazias, Redchocolate; 56 Songsak P; 58 Electra, Flipser, Spacaj; 60 Hannamariah; 63 Liskus, Normana Karia; 71 Ekaterina Kondratova, Lotus Images; 74 Bryan Solomon; 75 Ewais; 76 Ericlefrancais; 78 Aperturesound; 79 Dmitry Petrenko; 87 David Herraez Calzada; 89 V J Matthew; 90 Ivonne Wierink; 96 Naruedom Yaempongsa, 3000ad; 105 Lotus_studio; 108 Thodonal88; 115 Cathleen A Clapper; 116 Javier Brosch, olnik_y; 117 olnik_y, Sofiaworld; 118 marssanya, PERLA BERANT WILDER; 119 Efetova Anna; 120 Igor Sirbu, Peyker; 121 tratong; 124 blue67design, Jag_cz; 125–126 Nataliia Pyzhova; 128 Amawasri Pakdara; 130 Denis Belyaevskiy; 131 Elena Schweitzer; 132 Subbotina Anna; 134 Dan Thornberg; 138 Africa Studio, Wonderful Future World; 141 humbak; 142 Sanzhar Murzin; 143 blue67design, Leigh Prather; 146 Eans; 147 Sarah Marchan; 148 ILEISH ANNA, Kaiskynet Studio; 149 Jiri Hera; 150 Good Shop Background; 152 Nata-Lia; 153–154 Narong Jongsirikul; 159 James Steidl; 160 elbud; 169 Kaspri, LDDesign, Maaike Boot, Travelview, Vibe Images; 170 PowerUp; 171 T Cassidy; 175 design56, Kolopach; 176 Ostill; 178 Elena Voynova; 179 Nataliia Pyzhova, RedHead_Anna, Venus Angel; 181–182 Antonia Giroux; 191 Julie Vader; 192 Nikita Biserov; 196 OmniArt, TeddyandMia; 197 EDMAVR, FernPat; 198 Mon Nakornthab; 201 Erik Lam; 202 Vladyslav Starozhylov; 203 Billion Photos; 204 Issarawat Tattong, Levent Konuk; 206 Axio Images; 208 alfocome; 210 Mlorenz; 211 Dmitry Petrenko; 214, 216 Domnitsky; 218 Videowokart, Koncz, Arsentyeva E, Barbol, oksana2010, tr3gin, Pavel Vakhrushev, Stephen B. Goodwin; 220 Evgenyi; 221 Marilyn Barbone, Smspsy, I’m Friday, Temastadnyk; 227 eyal granith; 229 Allen McDavid Stoddard; 230 Owatta, Pandapaw; 241 ravl; 242 Orla; 248 Sashkin; 249 David Franklin, WhiteDragon; 250 Ewapee; 252 PrimaStockPhoto; 257 vdimage; 258 Room27; 261 RemarkEliza; 262 ZanyZeus; 264 Elena Elisseeva; 268 ConstantinosZ, IB Photography; 270 2happy; 272 Denis Rozhnovsky; 273 Africa Studio; 274 5 second Studio, Natasha Pankina; 276 Roman Samokhin, Subject Photo; 278 M. Unal Ozmen; 279 Igor Polyakov; 280 Potapov Alexander; 282 Daniela Barreto, Evgeny Karandaev; 284 Beata Becla; 286 GoBOb, Ponsawan saelim; 287 SOMMAI; 288 kolopach; 290 Artem Shadrin; 301 Lori Martin;

304 YolLusZam1802; 306 Ravl; 308 Philip Lange; 309 Heymo; 310 Hong Vo; 312 Art24hrDesign; 317 Alexey Boldin; 322 Sosika; 325 Seregam; 326 Andrei Dubadzel; 327 Jiang Zhongyan; 328 Marco Scisetti, v.s.anandhakrishna; 329 Graph, Vasily Kovalev; 332 JIANG HONGYAN, olnik_y, Visual Generation; 333 Cynoclub, Monica Click; 334 Eric Isselee, olnik_y, Natasha Pankina, Visual Generation; 336 Stephen Orsillo; 339–340 horiyan; 344 Peter Wollinga; 346 Worraket; 348 Lucy Liu, olnik_y, Vilax; 350 Eric Isselee; 352 Igor Zh; 354 Rtimages; 356 Maerzkind; 357 Bas Nastassia, Marekusz, WachiraS, vovan, Vlabo; 363 Ocskay Bence; 365 Tim UR; 366 Gayvoronskaya_Yana; 377 Tatyana Vyc; 378 DenisNata; 379 Andy Dean Photography; 382 HelgaLin, Mark Herreid, Padma Sanjaya; 383 Protasov AN; 384 happymay; 386 Madlen; 389 Africa Studio; 390 kolopach; 397 Davidoff777; 398 Images.etc; 399 PhotoMediaGroup; 400 Lurii Kackkovskyi; 401 Theo Fitzhugh; 402 IB Photography; 405 Naruedom Yaempongsa; 409 Duplass, Stephen Mcsweeny; 410 cynoclub; 411 LittlePigPower; 412 MaraZe, Rodrigobark, Wealthylady; 413 Victor Habbick, Aphelleon, Marc Ward, Niko Nomad, NASA, NASA/JPL-Caltech, NASA/JPL/Cornell University/Maas Digital, NASA/JPL, NASA, ESA, and M. Livio and the Hubble 20th Anniversary Team (STScI), NASA/Ames 414 Bestv, blue67design; 416 Christian Musat, Don Mammoser, Florida Stock, Gary powell, Jayne Carney, Moosehenderson, Sandy Hedgepeth, Schalke fotografie | Melissa Schalke, Steven Blandin; 417–418 Sergej Razvodovskij; 419 blue67design, Gino Santa Maria; 420 Bernashafo; 421 Africa Studio, Ffolas, Strannik_fox; 422 blue67design, Halfpoint; 423 3777190317; 424 Mariyana M; 425 Kolopach; 426 Robert_s; 427 Jaroslav74; 428 Africa Studio; 429 Hong Vo; 433 RusGri; 437 John Kasawa; 438 Carlos E. Santa Maria; 439 CameraOnHand; 440 Butterfly Hunter, Lucky-photographer, Luria; 441 Danielle Balderas; 442 showcake; 444 HelloRF Zcool, Wonderful Future World, Yellow Cat; 445 Photo Melon; 446 Lunatictm; 448 bonchan; 449 Gordana Sermek; 451 Zheltyshev; 452 ZoranOrcik; 455 Nattika; 456 Viktar Malyshchyts, Wonderful Future World; 457 Inhabitant; 459 Hurst Photo; 460 Tiger Images, Wintakorn Choemnarong; 461 bonchan; 462 Alfocome; 463 Nataly Studio; 464 Kzww; 466 Gita Kulinitch Studio, smilewithjul; 467 Valentina Razumova; 468 Wk1003mike; 470 Bonchan; 472 Natasha Pankina, Scorpp; 474 Aopsan; 476 olnik_y; 477 Aleksandr Simonov; 479, 480, 482 Manbetta; 483 kolopach; 487 Kalamurzing; 488 Africa Studio; 490 Elizabeth A. Cummings; 499 Sarah Marchant; 501 EG_, RedHead_Anna; 502 gowithstock, M. Unal Ozmen, Padma Sanjaya; 503 Richard Peterson; 506 lineartestpilot, Yellow Cat; 507 Tyler Olson; 508 Sevenke, Thitima Boonnak; 511 Pockygallery; 512 Baishev, RedHead_Anna; 514 Billion Photos; 515 victoriaKh; 516 Mtsaride; 517 Aperture51; 519 Luminis; 522 Daniela Barreto, Gelpi; 523 Jeffrey Sheldon; 526 Ivinni; 527 Matt Benoit; 530 schankz; 532 C-You, hchjjl; 535 Aperture51; 536 Thodonal88; 538 Sharon Day; 539 Daniela Barreto, Jezper; 545 Andrey Yurlov, Eugene Onischenko, ostill; 546 Eugene Onischenko; 549 Natalia D.; 553 3D_creation,




Front Cover Credits

©Bill Reitzel/Digital Vision/Getty Images


Maaike Boot; 556 HstrongART, Ljupco Smokovski; 557 design56; 558 Bborriss.67; 560 baibaz; 561 karen roach; 565 Tim UR; 566 Africa Studio; 567 Dionisvera, irin-k; 568 irin-k, Trofimov Denis; 571 Tiger Images; 574 PrimaStockPhoto; 577 Coprid; 578 Heymo, Monticello; 579 Elena Elisseeva; 582 Jaroslava V; 583 Sasha_Ivv, Myimages-Micha; 586 picamaniac; 588 Mega Pixel; 589 Motorolka; 590 Fotoksa, nimon, Pete Spiro; 592 Africa Studio; 594 Chones, Keith Wilson; 597 CWIS; 598 Evangelos, Gemenacom; 600 Montego; 601 Swardian; 602 Swardian; 605 Garantiopa; 606 Olga Nayashkova; 608 Africa Studio; 610 Eugene Onischenko; 611 GrigoryL; 612 Minur; 614 KarSol; 616 Fascinadora; 617 Heymo; 618 Ulrike Welsch; 620 VAV; 622 New Africa; 626 Peter Zvonar; 627 Steve Mann; 628 Deniza 40x; 630 Marieke Feenstra; 631 Deniza 40x; 632 Sanit Fuangnakhon, OnlyZoia; 633 Vilaiporn Chatchawal; 634 Ksokolowska; 635 JoemanjiArts; 638 Anastasia Sergeeva, M. Unal Ozmen, Hurst Photo, Gts, design56; 641 carlos castilla; 644 Akura Yochi, Ann_saowaluk, Megaflopp, YK; 654 Photoonlife; 656 Optimarc; 659 Ian Scammell, liskus; 661 Mega Pixel; 665 d100, denisik11; 666 PloyBuraphon; 668 equinoxvect; 671 Veniamin Kraskov; 672 MR. RAWIN TANPIN, photka, Sergiy Kuzmin; 677 Veniamin Kraskov; 683 Artem Shadrin; 684 Hayati Kayhan; 693 Veniamin Kraskov; 694 DiamondGT, Gmlykin; 702 Dmitry Naumov; 703 Twin Design; 704 Photo Melon; 705 Mtlapcevic; 708 kamnuan; 713 Arthito; 715 grmarc, Petr Malyshev; 717 Farah Sadikhova, Zsolt Biczo; 718 Shah Rohani; 724 Elnur, hchjjl; 730 Farah Sadikhova, Vitezslav Valka; 736 photogal; 738 YaniSinla; 742 Farah Sadikhova, RusGri; 743 Butterfly Hunter, Mr. Alien; 749 George_C; 750 Andrii Cherniakhov; 752 Claudio Divizia, Kriangx1234; 753 wacomka; 754 Murat Irfan Yalcin, Nata9; 757 Aleksangel; 759 Tatiana Popova; 760 Nico99; 762 Nortongo; 763 Laborant; A3 Prostock-studio; A11 Trinacria Photo

Student Handbook, appearing in Student Bookshelf and Teacher Guide only: HBi ArtMari, Rawpixel.com, Pixfiction, Disavorabuth; HB1 Africa Studio, opicobello; HB2 iadams; HB3 Palabra; HB5 Havepino; HB6 Tatiana Popova; HB8 Chiyacat; HB9 Kyselova Inna, Markus Mainka; HB10 ArtMari; HB11 Disavorabuth; HB12 ArtMari, Disavorabuth; HB13-HB14 ArtMari; HB16 Rawpixel.com



Illustration CreditsAll Illustrations by Tim Chi Ly

Photography Credits

Front Cover ©Bill Reitzel/Digital Vision/Getty Images; A3–A43 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A25 ©LWA/Dann Tardif/Getty Images; A34 ©Monkey Business Images, ©wavebreakmedia; HBi–HB17 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A1–A24 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; B1–B25 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images

Acknowledgments


iii freedomnaruk; iv graphicmaker, PrimaStockPhoto; v timquo; vi Danielle Balderas, Istimages; vii Aila Images, Cartarium, jeep5d; 1 Peter Turner Photography; 8 Quang Ho; 14 FabrikaSimf; 17 Issarawat Tattong; 20 Y Photo Studio; 22 Mega Pixel; 23 Picsfive; 32 c12; 36 Africa Studio, heraldmuc; 37–38 Tibet Saisema; 39 Nadiia Korol; 40 Garsya; 41 HeinzTeh; 42 Stephen Rees; 43 Kitch Bain, M. Unal Ozmen, Patty Chan; 44 Nik Merkulov; 46 Beth Swanson; 54 Gruffi, Inc., ORLIO; 58 ananaline; 59 Olga Popova; 60 Ievgenii Meyer; 62 Creativestockexchange; 64 Ivan Kurmyshov; 68 Qwasder1987; 72 PhotoStock10; 73 Mathier; 76 Cory Thoman, Studiovin; 77 Konstantin Faraktinov; 80 Aluna1, Nerthuz; 81 sumire8; 82 freedomnaruk, Natasha Pankina; 84 kibri_ho; 86 Dr Ajay Kumar Singh, Liskus, Roblan; 87 Nertuz; 88 Nerthuz, Topform; 91 Lucie Lang; 93 Trong Nguyen; 94 Nares Soumsomboon; 96 Sharon Day; 98 Photka; 100 Steve Collender; 101 Evgeny Karandaev, Natasha Pankina; 102 Kleber Cordeiro, Natasha Pankina; 103 Africa Studio; 104 vitec; 106 Bernatskaya Oxana, vitec; 108 Natasha Pankina, Worker; 110 Sanit Fuangnakhon; 111 Tatevosian Yana; 117 Bubutu; 130 Jiang Hongyan; 131 Capslock, rCarner; 132 Elnur, Rica Photography; 137 rCarner; 145 Ivonne Wierink; 148 Africa Studio, Stefano T; 149 Edward Hardam, Photogal; 150 Masterchief_Productions; 155 Bezikus, mhatzapa; 156 PrimaStockPhoto; 160 Jeffrey B. Banke; 163 GrashAlex; 166 Ajt, jingdi, Odua Images; 167 Garsya, Pavel L Photo and Video; 170 Artmim; 171 neotemlpars; 172 pio3; 174 Eric Isselee; 175 Quang Ho; 176 Eric Isselee; 177 Jojje; 180 Julian Rovagnati; 181 6493866629; 182–183 Yellow Cat; 185 Somboon Bunproy; 188 Krasowit; 189 Pete Saloutos; 190 Mny-Jhee; 192 Maxpro; 193 Craig Barhorst, Stockagogo; 194 Jojoo64; 196 Goran Bogicevic; 197 Andrey_Popov; 198 irin-k; 199 AVprophoto; 200 Ruslan Semichev; 204 Eric Isselee, r.classen; 205 Sari Oneal; 206 Mike Truchon; 208 3DMAVR; 209 Hue Ta; 210 Hong Vo; 212 AVprophoto; 214 fivespots; 218 inxti; 219 Maks Narodenko; 220 Y Photo Studio; 222 Moving Moment; 223 Vitaly Raduntsev; 226 1989studio, jiangdi, LAURA_VN, MaraZe; 227 Art65395; 228 Anastasia Prisunko; 230 HomeStudio; 231 Holy Polygon; 232 Holy Polygon; 236 Africa Studio; 237 Eivaisla; 240 JeniFoto; 242 gresei; 244 Imfoto; 245 Your Design; 246 Baibaz; 247 MIGUEL GARCIA SAAVEDRA; 248 graphicmaker, pirtuss; 249 Kostsov; 250 Tish1; 252 Valzan; 253 Mariyana M; 255 Kiprej, kubais, Mariyana M; 256 Lunatictm; 258 artjazz, mhatzapa; 259 Nungning20; 260 3DMAVR, serazetdinov; 266 Ayman alakhras, Mega Pixel, Natasha Pankina; 267 Perun; 269 paulista; 270 Sirtravelalot, Tapui, Valzan; 271 Elena Zajchikova, Wk1003mike; 272 Wk1003mike; 274 Grey_and; 275 Alisafarov; 276 Ryzhkov Photography; 278 art’n’lera, Tim Masters; 280 George3973, Marionhassold; 281 DenisNata; 282 DenisNata; 284 marilyn barbone; 286 JeniFoto; 288 Victor Moussa; 289 liskus, oksana2010; 290 Picsfive; 291 Crepesoles, Natasha Pankina; 292 Natasha Pankina, Susan Schmitz; 294–295 Grafikwork; 296 Alina Demidenko, Marssanya; 297 Tsuguliev; 298 Marssanya, Vincent noel; 299 Africa

Studio, stock photofan1, Kao; 305 Alex Staroseltsev; 308 EtiAmmos, LifetimeStock; 309 akiyoko; 312 Wira SHK; 313 Julia_Lelija; 314 D7INAMI7S; 316 Kletr; 318 artnLera, jantima14; 319 Nattika; 321 blue67design, JRP Studio; 324 Winiki; 325 mhatzapa, rsooll; 329 AlenKadr; 330 cubolabo, timquo; 332 James Steidl; 334 symbiot; 335 ducu59us; 338 Carolyn Franks; 340 liskus, SeDmi; 345 Sarah2; 346 Andrey_Popov, Levent Konuk; 347 saruntorn chotchitima; 350 thodonal88; 351 Chayatorn Laorattanavech; 355 primiaou, Valentyna7; 357 Tiger Images; 358 Tiger Images; 360 Natasha Pankina, Sanit Fuangnakhon; 363 balabolka, cubolabo; 366 Keith Bell; 368 aarrows; 372 Africa Studio; 373 JeniFoto; 374 Hong Vo, Photka, Tommy Atthi; 375 LoopAll; 376 Africa Studio; 378 Bscmediallc, timquo; 379 vincent noel; 380 Binh Thanh Bui; 382 Madlen; 384 Eric Isselee; 386 Sapnocte; 387 Africa Studio; 389 Cherdchai charasri; 394 Quang Ho; 400 Gencho Petkov; 401 STILLFX; 402 Rose Carson; 403 Bilevich Olga; 406 urfin; 407 Perlav; 410 Ed Samuel; 413 Dmitry Polonskiy, Hdesislava, LukaKikina; 418 Tim UR; 424 Africa Studio, Quang Ho; 429 Andrey Lobachev, Birute Vijeikiene; 434 Dslaven; 435 Evikka, Mike Flippo; 436 COLOA Studio, Fablok, hitforsa; 437 Cunaplus unaplus; 438 Mayakova; 440 Maetisa; 441 Eivaisla; 442 Evikka; 443 Timquo; 444 Fotoearl; 447 KAMONRAT; 448 LanKS; 449 lenetstan; 450 Arthito; 451 Gino Santa Maria; 454 Lisovskaya Natalia; 455 Coprid; 456 Symbiot; 458 baibaz; 459 absolutimages, Natasha Pankina; 460 a_v_d; 462 tratong; 463 margouillat photo; 467 KucherAV; 468 Iriskana, Pixelbliss; 469 iamtui7; 470 9comeback, Laurelie; 471 a_v_d, advent; 474–475 Trinset; 476 Africa Studio; 478 Mike Flippo; 479 Africa Studio; 480 The_Pixel; 481 MaraZe; 482 Erik D, Monticello; 484 Nataliia Pyzhova; 485 Happy monkey; 486 Diana Taliun, smilewithjul; 488 IB Photography; 489 FakeStocker; 490 Pixelbliss, Stockforlife; 491 Viktar Malyshchyts; 494 Christoforos Avramidis; 496 Motorolka, Rangizzz; 497 Motorolka; 498 Danny Smythe, Vinicius Tupinamba; 499 Madlen; 505 Ariya Phornpraphan; 508 Lano4ka, vesna cvorovic, zorina_larisa; 509 Africa Studio; 510 akepong srichaichana; 512 Roxana Bashyrova; 513 Bennian; 514 Istimages; 516 mkos83, Natasha Pankina; 518 Eric Isselee; 519 Danielle Balderas, Feng Yu; 520 M. Unal Ozmen; 527 Bjoern Wylezich; 529 Barry Blackburn, Tapui; 530 wk1003mike, Wonderful Future World; 531 M Kunz; 534 Alexandr Korolev, Natasha Pankina; 535 PrimaStockPhoto; 536 kudla, olnik_y; 538 mlorenz; 539 Voronina Svetlana; 540 Cipariss; 541 BERNATSKAYA OXANA, mhatzapa; 542 Bernatskaya Oxana, mhatzapa; 544 Vladimir Sazonov; 545 Eric Isselee, qingqing; 546 kanashi, mhatzapa; 547 Nikolai Tsvetokov; 548 Mmaxer; 549 Africa Studio; 551 Jiang Hongyan; 552 Hong Vo; 553 LuXpics; 554 Paket; 555 Hurst Photo; 556 Juburg; 557 Julie vanec; 558 Nik Merkulov; 560 Mrs_ya; 561 Nik Merkulov; 562 Valentyn Hontovyy; 566 artnLera, Elena Schweitzer; 568 Garsya, Natasha Pankina; 569 Hans Geel; 570 Kuznetsov Alexey; 572 Duplass, olnik_y; 578 Galina Petrova; 582 MaxFX; 586 T. Dallas; 590 Peter Hermes Furian; 604 Butsaya; 607 Diana Taliun; 608 Gts; 610 Gts;




Front Cover Credits©Paul Bradbury/OJO Images/Getty Images


612 Kitch Bain; 614 Alexander Raths; 615 Natasha Pankina, Nearbirds; 621 Alexandru Nika; 625 M. Unal Ozmen; 626 Aila Images; 628 jeep5d; 629 Eric Isselee, Nantawat Chotsuwan; 634 MirasWonderland; 640 Milya; 646 Gjermund; 647 Cartarium; 669 Africa Studio, Nubenamo; 670 Joe Belanger; 672 M. Unal Ozmen; 674 Keith Homan; 677 Ifong; 680 Nuttapong; 681 Billion Photos; 682 Gresei; 684 Iriskana, Kitamin; 685 Cigdem; 686 Nata-Lia; 689 Africa Studio; 691 Ben Barnes; 692 Ben Barnes, liskus; 694 Ivan Anta; 696 JeniFoto; 701 marssanya, Mellutto; 704 Bedrin; 706 Swill Klitch; A5 Showcake; A13 Trinacria Photo

Student Handbook, appearing in Student Bookshelf and Teacher Guide only: HBi ArtMari, Rawpixel.com, Pixfiction, Disavorabuth; HB1 Africa Studio, opicobello; HB2 iadams; HB3 Palabra; HB5 Havepino; HB6 Tatiana Popova; HB8 Chiyacat; HB9 Kyselova Inna, Markus Mainka; HB10 ArtMari; HB11 Disavorabuth; HB12 ArtMari, Disavorabuth; HB13–HB14 ArtMari; HB16 Rawpixel.com





Photography Credits

Front Cover ©Paul Bradbury/OJO Images/Getty Images; A3–A43 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A25 ©LWA/Dann Tardif/Getty Images; A34 ©Monkey Business Images, ©wavebreakmedia; HBi–HB17 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A1–A28 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; B1–B25 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images

Acknowledgments


Credits

AcknowledgmentCommon Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved.

Photography CreditsCover: Song Heming/stock.adobe.comBack Cover: 54 yanik88/Shutterstock, 3DMAVR/Shutterstock; 324 Glass and Nature/Shutterstock, Sari ONeal/ShutterstockText: ii, 96 Lukiyanova Natalia frenta/Shutterstock; ii, 120 redtbird02/Shutterstock, Kriengsuk Prasroetsung/Shutterstock; iii, 161 Olga Danylenko/Shutterstock; iii, 180 Rainbow4527/Shutterstock; iii, 194 Feaspb/Shutterstock, Roman Borodaev/Shutterstock; iv, 272 Matthias G. Ziegler/Shutterstock; v, 364 Maridav/Shutterstock, Production Perig/Shutterstock; v, 410 Vaclav Volrab/Shutterstock; vi, 494 Gino Santa Maria/Shutterstock; vi, 496 Jiri Hera/Shutterstock.com; vi, 509 Mrinal Pal.Shutterstock, Robert Biedermann/Shutterstock; vii, 560 Palmer Kane LLC/Shutterstock, Dmitry Naumov/Shutterstock; vii, 582 Jojoo64/Shutterstock; vii, 590 ToffeePhoto/Shutterstock, Iryna Dobrovynska/Shutterstock; viii, 664 vnlit/Shutterstock, Scisetti Alfio/Shutterstock; viii, 689 Gerald A. DeBoer/Shutterstock; viii, 735 YP_Studio/Shutterstock; 1, 41 Comaniciu Dan/Shutterstock; 3 marekuliasz/Shutterstock; 4 Bankrx/Shutterstock; 5 Japan Stock Photography/Alamy Stock Photo; 8 adike/Shutterstock; 9 sripfoto/Shutterstock, NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute; 12 saaton/Shutterstock, little birdie/Shutterstock; 13 foto-select/Shutterstock.com; 19 IROOM STOCK/Shutterstock; 20, 229 chinasong/Shutterstock; 21 Krasovski Dmitri/Shutterstock; 24 7Crafts/Shutterstock; 25 I.B.Me/Shutterstock; 31 CD Lenzen/Shutterstock; 32 Jozef Sowa/Shutterstock; 42 Chonlawut/Shutterstock; 43 GoWithLight/Shutterstock; 47 Andrey Starostin/Shutterstock; 52 alleski/Shutterstock; 61 Lorena Huerta/Shutterstock; 63 Artbox/Shutterstock; 64 goir/Shutterstock; 65 Arthur Salimullin/Shutterstock; 69 Brent Hofacker/Shutterstock; 70 AGCuesta/Shutterstock; 72 AS Food Studio/Shutterstock; 74, 201 lzf/Shutterstock; 75 Den Rozhnovsky/Shutterstock; 76 Vladyslav Danlin/Shutterstock; 80 Tony Savino/Shutterstock; 83 chuckchee/Shutterstock; 85 Mikadun/Shutterstock; 87 Kathrin Richter/FOAP/Getty Images; 90 PolyPloiid/Shutterstock; 97 Eleni Mavrandoni/Shutterstock; 98 Sirin_bird/Shutterstock; 108 An Nguyen/Shutterstock; 109 FabrikaSimf/Shutterstock, stefanphotozemun/Shutterstock; 112 trabantos/Shutterstock.com; 113 David Fine/FEMA;

114 Jason Yoder/Shutterstock; 116 Nadezhda Nesterova/Shutterstock; 119, 129, 362, 366 Eric Isselee/Shutterstock, 119 MuratGungut/Shutterstock; 124 OSTILL is Franck Camhi/Shutterstock; 127 Nantawat Chotsuwan/Shutterstock; 129, 132 Diane Garcia/Shutterstock; 129, 132 pfuegler-photo/Shutterstock; 129 Ljupco Smokovski/Shutterstock, LittlePerfectStock/Shutterstock, Tsekhmister/Shutterstock, Aksenova Natalya/Shutterstock; 135 RiumaLab/Shutterstock; 136 Rustic/Shutterstock, Inegvin/Shutterstock, Kovtun Dmitriy/Shutterstock, photomaster/Shutterstock; 137 PhotoSongserm/Shutterstock, Andrey Esin/Shutterstock, Alexander Baumann/Shutterstock, Anya Hess/Shutterstock; 143, 195 Ocskay Bence/Shutterstock; 145 Edy Wibowo/Shutterstock; 147 Normana Karia/Shutterstock; 150 Vaclav Hroch/Shutterstock; 151 Spiroview Inc/Shutterstock, Somchai Som/Shutterstock, Andrei Kuzmik/Shutterstock, jackhollingsworth.com/Shutterstock, Alexander Mak/Shutterstock; 154 M. Rohana/Shutterstock; 156 Suzanne Tucker/Shutterstock; 157 Rachel Moon/Shutterstock; 158 Benhamin Simeneta/Shutterstock; 160 Alexandru Chiriac/Shutterstock; 166 Oleksandr Osipov/Shutterstock; 167 Pavel1964/Shutterstock; 168 Rob Hainer/Shutterstock; 169 pelfophoto/Shutterstock; 172 Mike Flippo/Shutterstock; 173 ArliftAtoz2205/Shutterstock.com; 174 donatas1205/Shutterstock; 176 stockphoto-graf/Shutterstock; 178 welcomia/Shutterstock; 179 Roberto Galan/Shutterstock.com; 185 evrymmnt/Shutterstock; 186, 672 sirtravelalot/Shutterstock, 186 theerapol sri-in/Shutterstock; 188, 476, 737 Brocreative/Shutterstock; 190 MiVa/Shutterstock; 197 RG-vc/Shutterstock; 198 Adcharin Chitthammachuk/Shutterstock; 200 Graeme Dawes/Shutterstock, ZaZa Studio/Shutterstock; 203 Rachel Juliet Lerch/Shutterstock; 204 Slavica Stajic/Shutterstock; 206 kosam/Shutterstock, Tiger Images/Shutterstock; 207 A_stockphoto/Shutterstock; 208 MaxyM/Shutterstock; 209 KREUS/Shutterstock, Evgeny Prokofyev/Shutterstock; 212 akiyoko/Shutterstock, Andrzej Rostek/Shutterstock; 213 Tippman98x/Shutterstock.com, Diana Johanna Velasquez/Alamy Stock Photo; 214 iStock.com/Bastiaan Slabbers; 216 Arina P Habich/Shutterstock; 218 irin-k/Shutterstock, Erkki Makkonen/Shutterstock; 219 Moonborne/Shutterstock; 220 Tsekhmister/Shutterstock; 223 DONOT6_STUDIO/Shutterstock, Daniel Prudek/Shutterstock; 224 Cultura Creative (RF)/Alamy Stock Photo; 230 cybrain/Shutterstock; 231 lucadp/Shutterstock; 234 luskiv/Shutterstock; 235, 236 Cathy Keifer/Shutterstock; 235 Leonardo Garofalo/Shutterstock; 239 iStock.com/EdwardMosser, Rashevskyi Viacheslav/Shutterstock; 241 Viktor1/Shutterstock; 242 iStock.com/evemilla; 250 Microgen/Shutterstock;


Credits (continued)

251 ILYA AKINSHIN/Shutterstock, Kuttelvaserova Stuchelova/Shutterstock; 253 Eric Broder Van Dyke/Shutterstock; 256 CkyBe/Shutterstock, Tony Stock/Shutterstock; 257 Napat/Shutterstock, SOMMAI/Shutterstock; 259 Megapixel/Shutterstock, MilkBottle/Shutterstock, Slava_Kovtun/Shutterstock; 265, 308 Enshpil/Shutterstock; 267 Joshua Resnick/Shutterstock; 268 AlenKadr/Shutterstock, Vitalina Rybakova/Shutterstock; 269 AN Images/Shutterstock; 270 LanaSweet/Shutterstock; 273 Irina Burakova/Shutterstock; 274 Thorsten Spoerlein/Shutterstock; 278 Don Mammoser/Shutterstock; 279, 406, 761 New Africa/Shutterstock; 280 gmstockstudio/Shutterstock, Oleg Voronische/Shutterstock; 281 Indian Food Images/Shutterstock; 284 Katherine Austin/Shutterstock; 285 William Silver/Shutterstock; 286 FooTToo/Shutterstock; 288 Alexey Boldin/Shutterstock; 290 kungverylucky/Shutterstock, SeeCee/Shutterstock; 291 Hollygraphic/Shutterstock; 292 Andril A/Shutterstock; 298 kai celvin/Shutterstock; 309 Tanupong Wittayanukullak/Shutterstock, NewFabrika/Shutterstock; 312 fotoknips/Shutterstock; 313, 314 Baloncici/Shutterstock, Yurkina Alexandar/Shutterstock; 314 iStock.com/EHStock; 318 Christopher Boswell/Shutterstock; 319 Anansing/Shutterstock, Becky Starsmore/Shutterstock; 320 domnitsky/Shutterstock; 322 hardqor4ik/Shutterstock; 327 Mikbiz/Shutterstock; 329, 332 karelnoppe/Shutterstock, Tashal/Shutterstock; 334 Rozhnovskaya Tanya/Shutterstock, Tarzhanova/Shutterstock; 335 Dan Kosmayer/Shutterstock, Matt Benoit/Shutterstock; 336, 465 Africa Studio/Shutterstock; 336 Guiyuan Chen/Shutterstock, Dan Kosmayer/Shutterstock, andersphoto/Shutterstock, Nataly Studio/Shutterstock, bigacis/Shutterstock, Danny Smythe/Shutterstock, baibaz/Shutterstock; 337 NYS/Shutterstock, gkrphoto/Shutterstock; 343, 385 KRIACHKO OLEKSII/Shutterstock; 345 Elena Rostunova/Shutterstock; 347, 348 AlesiaKan/Shutterstock; 347 Bas Nastassia/Shutterstock, Tatyaby/Shutterstock; 352 Ivan Calamonte/Shutterstock; 354 Nadia Young/Shutterstock; 356 Sensvector/Shutterstock, Johann Helgason/Shutterstock; 357 GreenArt/Shutterstock; 358 Collins93/Shutterstock; 362 Anna Kraynova/Shutterstock; 363 frantic00/Shutterstock; 368 ACHPF/Shutterstock.com; 369, 370 studiovin/Shutterstock; 369 Bomshtein/Shutterstock, stuar/Shutterstock; 372 24Novembers/Shutterstock; 374 Markus Mainka/Shutterstock; 375 Byelikova Oksana/Shutterstock.com; 376 a katz/Shutterstock.com; 378 Heliopixel/Shutterstock; 380 bluedog studio/Shutterstock, PetlinDmitry/Shutterstock; 384 photosnyc/Shutterstock; 386 Dimj/Shutterstock; 387 mariait/Shutterstock; 388 hans.slegers/Shutterstock, Zoom Team/Shutterstock; 390 Rimma

Bondarenko/Shutterstock, Dewin Indew/Shutterstock; 392 f11photo/Shutterstock, MarkVanDykePhotography/Shutterstock, Tshooter/Shutterstock; 394 PaweenaS/Shutterstock; 396 on_france/Shutterstock; 397 V_E/Shutterstock; 398 zsolt_uveges/Shutterstock; 399 FarisHDZQ/Shutterstock; 403, 525 Fotografiecor.nl/Shutterstock; 404 furtseff/Shutterstock; 406 Lec Neo/Shutterstock; 408 sl_photo/Shutterstock; 409 maxpro/Shutterstock; 412 Lipskiy/Shutterstock; 413 muratart/Shutterstock; 417 Vasyl Shulga/Shutterstock; 418 Tim_Walters2017/Shutterstock; 419, 422 PremiumArt/Shutterstock, Victoria Tsukanova/Shutterstock, lgrapop/Shutterstock; 419 Sergey Nivens/Shutterstock; 423, 426, 427 NASA; 425 Juergen Faelchle/Shutterstock; 426 HiSunnySky/Shutterstock, AVS-Images/Shutterstock, photomak/Shutterstock, NASA/Reid Wiseman; 427 3Dsculptor/Shutterstock; 433, 503 Denis Belitsky/Shutterstock; 440 arsa35/Shutterstock, Art 27/Shutterstock; 441 Gorondenkoff/Shutterstock; 442 Proxima Studio/Shutterstock; 446 Tienuskin/Shutterstock; 447, 448 RedKoala/Shutterstock, Rueankam Jompijit/Shutterstock; 450 jocic/Shutterstock, Susse_n/Shutterstock, Nancy Hixson/Shutterstock; 452 Salenta/Shutterstock, Oliver Denker/Shutterstock; 456 iStock.com/Todor Tsvetkov, Normana Karia/Shutterstock; 458 Russ Heinl/Shutterstock; 463 Peter Milto/Shutterstock; 468 Morinka/Shutterstock; 475 solarseven/Shutterstock; 476 Razym/Shutterstock, Gocili/Shutterstock, mapichai/Shutterstock, kajiwori/Shutterstock; 481 LifetimeStock/Shutterstock; 482 Martin Hejzlar/Shutterstock; 484 Kalos2/Shutterstock, arka38/Shutterstock; 486 Hortimages/Shutterstock; 487 Kit Leong/Shutterstock; 490 shutter_o/Shutterstock; 492 nevodka/Shutterstock; 493 chaoss/Shutterstock; 498 Shpadaruk Aleksei/Shutterstock, Bokyo.Pictures/Shutterstock; 502 FXQuadro/Shutterstock; 504 Brian A. Jackson/Shutterstock; 505 Sinem Babacan/Shutterstock; 508 Igor Kyrlytsya/Shutterstock; 510 2630ben/Shutterstock; 512 Kisialiou Yury/Shutterstock; 514 Kerry Hargrove/Shutterstock; 515, 516 dand_art99/Shutterstock, Piyawat Nandeenopparit/Shutterstock; 515 Joe Gough/Shutterstock; 519 beboy/Shutterstock; 522 Nomad_Soul/Shutterstock; 524 Chase Dekker/Shutterstock; 530, 532 MightyRabittCrew/Shutterstock; 530 K Woodgyer/Shutterstock, WoodysPhotos/Shutterstock, Mile Atanasov/Shutterstock; 531 iStock.com/Frelia; 532 Skellen/Shutterstock, ARTBALANCE/Shutterstock, nexusby/Shutterstock;533 Master1305/Shutterstock, Watchduck/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 4.0; 539, 621 roger ashford/Shutterstock; 541 Damsea/Shutterstock; 542 Daniel Prudek/Shutterstock, 542 RnDmS/Shutterstock; 552 NeonLight/Shutterstock;


553 freedomnaruk/Shutterstock, Designua/Shutterstock; 558 Morphart Creation/Shutterstock; 559 RRA79/Shutterstock; 562 Paulo Oliveria/Alamy Stock photo; 567 John Carnemolla/Shutterstock; 569 iStock.com/Metricphoto; 570 John Wynn/Shutterstock; 580, 591 Dudarev Mikhail/Shutterstock; 581 Gerain0812/Shutterstock; 583 shanesabin/Shutterstock; 586 haveseen/Shutterstock; 587 hlphoto/Shutterstock; 588 Andromeda stock/Shutterstock; 592 Drop of Light/Shutterstock.com; 593 Leonid Amstibovitsky/Shutterstock; 594 Ekachai prasertkaew/Shutterstock; 599, 600 Kenishirotie/Shutterstock; 599 Jule-Marigold/Shutterstock, Oleksandr Grechin/Shutterstock, Theerasak Tammachuen/Shutterstock, CrackerClips Stock Media/Shutterstock; 602 iceink/Shutterstock; 604 Igorusha/Shutterstock; 607 Opas Chotiphantawanon/Shutterstock; 608 Ursula Page/Shutterstock; 609 aodaodaodaod/Shutterstock; 610 kuzzie/Shutterstock, Physicx/Shutterstock; 611 Andrey_Kuzmin/Shutterstock; 622 Sorn340 Images/Shutterstock; 623 Porstocker/Shutterstock, Dzmitry Ban/Shutterstock, Smileus/Shutterstock; 627 YAKOBCHUK VIACHESLAV/Shutterstock; 628 Elena Hramova/Alamy Stock Photo; 633 David J. Ruck/NOAA; 634 NOAA, Thunder Bay NMS; 636 Antonio Lopez Photography/Shutterstock; 638 HPLTW/Shutterstock; 643 Ukrolenochka/Shutterstock; 645 PACUNAM Foundation/Thomas Garrison; 648 serato/Shutterstock; 649 W. Scott McGill/Shutterstock; 650 The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Gift of Arthur M. Bullowa, 1989; 651 The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Anonymous Gift, 2005 and Michael C. Rockefeller Memorial Collection, Purchase, Nelson A. Rockefeller Gift, 1968, Julenochek/Shutterstock, Maks Narodenko/Shutterstock; 657, 715 DimiSotirov/Shutterstock; 659 iStock.com/FatCamera; 660 University of Utah Seismograph Stations; 661 Robert J Daveant/Shutterstock; 661 Nerthuz/Shutterstock; 668 Bildagentur Zoonar GmbH/Shutterstock, Ana Vasileva/Shutterstock, Fer Gregory/Shutterstock, Chansom Pantip/Shutterstock; 670 Tatiana Popova/Shutterstock; 671 topseller/Shutterstock; 676 Constantin Iosif/Shutterstock, Kaya/Shutterstock, George Dolgikh/Shutterstock; 677 Andrey Burmakin/Shutterstock; 678 niwat chaiyawoot/Shutterstock; 680 Dmitry Naumov/Shutterstock; 682, 698 MaraZe/Shutterstock; 682 Nik Merkulov/Shutterstock, Fotofermer/Shutterstock, Evgeny Karandaev/Shutterstock, MaskaRad/Shutterstock; 683 Cool_photo/Shutterstock, CRStocker/Shutterstock; 687 Allen.G/Shutterstock.com; 693 aumnat/Shutterstock; 694 LeventeGyori/Shutterstock; 695 Mny-Jhee/Shutterstock; 700 ronnybas frimages/Shutterstock;

702 PhotographyByMK/Shutterstock, GalapagosPhoto/Shutterstock, hagverdi hajiyev/Shutterstock; 705 Konstantin Faraktinov/Shutterstock; 708 Alexander Kondratenko/Shutterstock; 710 Nagy-Bagoly Arpad/Shutterstock; 713 Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock, Flipser/Shutterstock; 716 Yuri Samsonov/Shutterstock; 720 Kushal Bose/Shutterstock; 721 David Pereiras/Shutterstock; 722 photka/Shutterstock; 724 Byjeng/Shutterstock; 726 Mark Herreid/Shutterstock; 727 Dorling Kindersley ltd/Alamy Stock Photo; 730 Ljupco Smokovski/Shutterstock; 732 Dennis W Donohue/Shutterstock; 736 Artur Didyk/Shutterstock; 738 dotshock/Shutterstock; 739 LightField Studios/Shutterstock; 742 outdoorsman/Shutterstock; 743 ZUMA/Alamy Stock Photo; 744 Richard Levine/Alamy Stock Photo; 746 David Morgan/Alamy Stock Photo; 748 Rob Byron/Shutterstock, Ari N/Shutterstock; 751 Dionisvera/Shutterstock, garmoncheng/Shutterstock; 752 Iva Vagnerova/Shutterstock; 753 Vladimir Sukhachev/Shutterstock; 759 iStock.com/ranplett, doomu/Shutterstock; 761 LittlePerfectStock/Shutterstock, great19/Shutterstock, Sirisak Chantorn/Shutterstock; (smartphone) guteksk7/Shutterstock; (tablet) EVZ/Shutterstock

Data Sets336 https://nutritiondata.self.com; 336 FoodData Central (2019). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Retrieved from fdc.nal.usda.gov.; 336 https://www.nutritionix.com


Credits


Photography CreditsCover: Bo1982/Shutterstock, Lorri Kajenna/Shutterstock, Exotic vector/Shutterstock, Jorge Salcedo/ShutterstockBack Cover: 71 Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock; 398 Cathy Withers-Clarke/ShutterstockText: ii, 58, 125, 359 New Africa/Shutterstock; ii, 95 Enrique Ramos/Shutterstock, Alena Brozova/Shutterstock; iii, 186 pictoplay/Shutterstock, 3DMI/Shutterstock; iv, 252 Danita Delmont/Shutterstock, Le Do/Shutterstock; v, 312 YamabikaY/Shutterstock; v, 335 visivastudio/Shutterstock, Gino Santa Maria/Shutterstock; v, 403 Chutima Chaochaiya/Shutterstock; vi, 420 jaroslava/Shutterstock; vi, 452 RemarkEliza/Shutterstock; vii, 593 nour eddine salhi/Shutterstock; viii, 695 design56/Shutterstock; viii, 705 iStock.com/Dmytro Aksonov; 1, 97 DimiSotirov/Shutterstock; 3 Romolo Tavani/Shutterstock; 4 Danita Delimont/Alamy Stock Photo; 8 The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Rogers Fund, 1907, stevemart/Shutterstock; 12 alslutsky/Shutterstock; 14 Double-Matt/Shutterstock, Kamira/Shutterstock; 16 Witold Skrypczak/Alamy Stock Photo; 20 sergeykot/Shutterstock; 22 paul prescott/Shutterstock; 30 NaughtyNut/Shutterstock; 31 Oleksandra Naumenko/Shutterstock; 32 Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USF33-030783-M2, dimitris_k/Shutterstock; 36 DWI YULIANTO/Shutterstock; 37 Fourleaflover/Shutterstock; 38 Dzmitrock/Shutterstock; 40 Fredy Thuerig/Shutterstock; 42 terekhov igor/Shutterstock; 45 Serg Salivon/Shutterstock, Kriengsuk Prasroetsung/Shutterstock; 47 Sandra Cunningham/Shutterstock, Yarygin/Shutterstock; 48 Nata-Lia/Shutterstock; 49 Melissa Sue/Shutterstock; 50 Susan Schmitz/Shutterstock; 55 onairda/Shutterstock; 59 Antonio V. Oquias/Shutterstock; 61 My Good Images/Shutterstock; 64 Production Perig/Shutterstock, Petr Nad/Shutterstock; 65 Binh Thanh Bui/Shutterstock; 66 Gabriela ZZ/Shutterstock.com; 81 Baloncici/Shutterstock; 83 Tiger Images/Shutterstock, Vasileios Karafillidis/Shutterstock, NIPAPORN PANYACHAROEN/Shutterstock, marekuliasz/Shutterstock; 86 Alchie/Shutterstock, Leigh Lather/Shutterstock, Steve Cukrov/Shutterstock; 87 iStock.com/skynesher; 88 Kamenetskiy Konstantin/Shutterstock; 99 rjmiguel/Shutterstock; 102 B Brown/Shutterstock; 106 Andrey Eremin/Shutterstock; 108 iStock.com/4x6, Ververidis Vasilis/Shutterstock; 112 elnavegante/Shutterstock;

114 Fat Jackey/Shutterstock.com; 118 NazaBasirun/Shutterstock, Joe MoJo/Shutterstock, MookSmile/Shutterstock, donatas1205/Shutterstock; 119, 122 bazzier/Shutterstock, Kittichai/Shutterstock; 119 Lisa F. Young/Shutterstock; 124 stuar/Shutterstock, Steve Cukrov/Shutterstock; 126 Pixel-Shot/Shutterstock; 127 pfluegler-photo/Shutterstock, Sasin Paraksa/Shutterstock; 133, 181 Stocktrek Images, Inc./Alamy Stock Photo; 135 Paulo Miguel Costa/Shutterstock; 137 delcarmat/Shutterstock; 142 Eugene Onischenko/Shutterstock; 144 curiosity/Shutterstock; 146 Mike Price/Shutterstock, kubais/Shutterstock; 147 Darren J. Bradley/Shutterstock, VIS Fine Art/Shutterstock; 149 Josef Hanus/Shutterstock; 152 glenda/Shutterstock, Marian Weyo/Shutterstock, Branko Jovanovic/Shutterstock; 153 photoschmidt/Shutterstock; 154 iStock.com/Willowpix; 156 Paulo Oliveira/Alamy Stock Photo; 158 Michelle Holihan/Shutterstock; 160 idreamphoto/Shutterstock; 162 Moonlightphoto/Shutterstock, M. Unal Ozmen/Shutterstock; 164 danilo ducak/Shutterstock, scubadesign/Shutterstock; 168 D Stevenson/Shutterstock; 169 BERNATSKAIA OKSANA/Shutterstock, GalapagosPhoto/Shutterstock; 171 Daboost/Shutterstock, Lec Neo/Shutterstock; 174 Somchai Som/Shutterstock; 175 Rynio Productions/Shutterstock, George Fairbairn/Shutterstock; 182 Sergey Novikov/Shutterstock; 187 nolie/Shutterstock; 188 Tomas Ragina/Shutterstock; 191 benchart/Shutterstock; 194 kopbs2/Shutterstock; 196 Valentyna Chukhlyebova/Shutterstock, Checubus/Shutterstock; 197 Ty Hartlipp/Shutterstock; 198 iStock.com/MATJAZ SLANIC; 201 S.Bachstroem/Shutterstock; 203 Hal Brindley/Shutterstock, Steinar/Shutterstock; 207 Shaun Jeffers/Shutterstock; 208 Macrovector/Shutterstock, Vectorpocket/Shutterstock; 209 salajean/Shutterstock; 211 Anna Om/Shutterstock, reisegraf.ch/Shutterstock, Filip Fuxa/Shutterstock; 217, 275 Tamakhin Mykhailo/Shutterstock; 219 tsuneomp/Shutterstock; 231 Sky Cinema/Shutterstock; 233 FrameAngel/Shutterstock; 236 Steve Bower/Shutterstock, Volodymyr Goinyk/Shutterstock; 238 Johnny Adolphson/Shutterstock; 240 GoProPk/Shutterstock; 243 IrinaK/Shutterstock; 244 Michael J. Munster/Shutterstock.com; 246 Polushkina Svetlana/Shutterstock; 248 Subphoto/Shutterstock; 253 grynold/Shutterstock, tishomir/Shutterstock; 254 Matee Nuserm/Shutterstock, Vadarshop/Shutterstock; 260 ONiONA_studio/Shutterstock; 262 Izf/Shutterstock, Kenneth Sponsler/Shutterstock; 265 bonchan/Shutterstock, almaje/Shutterstock, gowithstock/Shutterstock, greisei/Shutterstock, givaga/Shutterstock; 266 Viktory Panchenko/Shutterstock; 268 AngieYeoh/Shutterstock; 270 Andrey Suslov/Shutterstock;


Credits (continued)

273 Anton Starikov/Shutterstock, Fedorov Ivan Sergeevich/Shutterstock; 277 Jacob Boomsma/Shutterstock; 280 Gary C. Togoni/Shutterstock, Flipser/Shutterstock; 281 cugdem/Shutterstock; 282 Gilmanshin/Shutterstock.com; 284 Greg Epperson/Shutterstock; 286 Ed Jenkins/Shutterstock; 291 szpeti/Shutterstock; 297 Media_works/Shutterstock; 298 aapsky/Shutterstock; 299 ifong/Shutterstock, Dudarev Mikhail/Shutterstock; 305, 353 dwphotos/Shutterstock; 307 Stock-Asso/Shutterstock; 308 antpkr/Shutterstock, Photick/Shutterstock; 309 Macrovector/Shutterstock; 312 aopsan/Shutterstock; 329 TORWAISTUDIO/Shutterstock; 330 Gts/Shutterstock; 338 Evdokimov Maxim/Shutterstock; 341 stockcreations/Shutterstock; 342 iStock.com/vernonwiley; 350 IB Photography/Shutterstock, Sergey Lavrentev/Shutterstock; 354 Miro Vrlik Photography/Shutterstock.com; 355 ChameleonsEye/Shutterstock, Michael Jacobs/Alamy Stock Photo, Avi Rozen/Shutterstock, RnDmS/Shutterstock.com, ungvar/Shutterstock, Jewish Content Images/Shutterstock; 359 Dmod/Shutterstock, Lakeview Images/Shutterstock, Photo Melon/Shutterstock; 360 vilax/Shutterstock, Pencil_man17/Shutterstock, Design tech art/Shutterstock, Mile Atanasov/Shutterstock, Thornton/Shutterstock; 362 voyata/Shutterstock, Volodymyr Burdiak/Shutterstock; 364 FreshStock/Shutterstock, Zadiraka Evgenii/Shutterstock, IhorL/Shutterstock; 366 Protasov AN/Shutterstock; 370 In Green/Shutterstock; 373 Rinrinnn/Shutterstock; 375 nmedia/Shutterstock; 376 TATSIANAMA/Shutterstock; 393 iStock.com/ilbusca, TerraceStudio/Shutterstock; 394 Photo by @_WILLPOWER_ from nappy.co; 396 Rich Carey/Shutterstock; 401 Oksana Mizina/Shutterstock, Oil and Gas Photographer/Shutterstock; 409 gresei/Shutterstock, Petr Malyshev/Shutterstock, weissdesign/Shutterstock, astudio/Shutterstock, gusenynch/Shutterstock, razvart/Shutterstock, astudio/Shutterstock, RATOCA/Shutterstock; 410, 755 Africa Studio/Shutterstock; 410 vander/Shutterstock, Pixfiction/Shutterstock, andrea crisante/Shutterstock, Shablon/Shutterstock; 411 BublikHaus/Shutterstock, Ajintai/Shutterstock; 417, 447 Roka Pics/Shutterstock; 419 Eclipse Production/Shutterstock; 420 Mette Sig/Shutterstock; 424 MRProduction/Shutterstock; 426 Mikbiz/Shutterstock.com; 428 Vladyslav Starozhylov/Shutterstock; 431 Youshij Yousefzadeh/Shutterstock; 432 Richard Levine/Alamy Stock Photo; 434 Pan_Da/Shutterstock.com, pittaya/Shutterstock.com; 436 Ljupco Smokovski/Shutterstock; 437 niroworld/Shutterrstock, GrashAlex/Shutterstock; 438 Ljupco Smokovski/Shutterstock; 442 Daniel Fung/Shutterstock, GrandeDuc/Shutterstock, Sergey Nivens/Shutterstock; 449, 488 Oleksiy Mark/Shutterstock; 454 Jeffrey M Horler/Shutterstock, Gregory E. Clifford/Shutterstock.com;

456 kojihirano/Shutterstock; 458 Aleksandr Simonov/Shutterstock; 459 Roman Samokhin/Shutterstock, doomu/Shutterstock; 460 ducu59us/Shutterstock; 462 Milkovasa/Shutterstock, iamlukyeee/Shutterstock; 467 AlenKadr/Shutterstock, Andrew Burgess/Shutterstock, Mehmet Cetin/Shutterstock; 469 Lucky Business/Shutterstock; 481 Pakhnyushchy/Shutterstock, Jure Divich/Shutterstock; 482 donfiore/Shutterstock, Z.Kim/Shutterstock; 486 Cultura Creative (RF)/Alamy Stock Photo; 493 Eivaisla/Shutterstock, Jiri Hera/Shutterstock, Trygve Funjelsen/Shutterstock; 494 iStock.com/jordacheir; 498 wk1003mike/Shutterstock; 502 markku murto/art/Alamy Stock Photo, LLP collection/Alamy Stock Photo, Historic Collection/Alamy Stock Photo; 503 AwayIGI/Shutterstock; 512 violetblue/Shutterstock, Eric Isselee/Shutterstock, NosorogUA/Shutterstock; 514 Han maomin/Shutterstock; 523 Prokrida/Shutterstock; 525, 528 CampCrazy Photography/Shutterstock, space_heater/Shutterstock; 525 space_heater/Shutterstock; 530 F1online digitale Bildagentur GmbH/Alamy Stock Photo; 531 Paul Glendell/Alamy Stock Photo; 532 Duncan Selby/Alamy Stock Photo; 533 rbrown10/Shutterstock; 539, 629 Jordan Tan/Shutterstock; 541 Pete Saloutos/Shutterstock; 556 Ammily CP/Shutterstock; 558 Vadim Georgiev/Shutterstock; 560 Tei Sinthip/Shutterstock, Mary Swift/Shutterstock; 564 nuwatphoto/Shutterstock; 569 laura.h/Shutterstock; 574 Hit1912/Shutterstock.com; 576 Kostsov/Shutterstock, Ojele/Shutterstock; 578 PinkBlue/Shutterstock; 589 loskutnikov/Shutterstock, Beata Becla/Shutterstock; 591 Tim UR/Shutterstock, Igors Rusakovs/Shutterstock, MasterQ/Shutterstock, Alexeysun/Shutterstock; 592 Krasula/Shutterstock; 596 Inara Prusakova/Shutterstock; 602 Binh Thanh Bui/Shutterstock, EggHeadPhoto/Shutterstock, Simone Andress/Shutterstock; 605 Alexandra Lande/Shutterstock; 607 Kris Wiktor/Shutterstock; 608 archideaphoto/Shutterstock; 624 Kostenko Maxim/Shutterstock; 629 Phatthanit/Shutterstock; 635 The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Klejman, 1966; 636 Kirsty Bisset/Shutterstock; 640 Tawansak/Shutterstock; 656 donatas1205/Shutterstock; 657 iStock.com/huseyintuncer; 663 Cynthia Shirk/Shutterstock; 665 Naypong Studio/Shutterstock, paulista/Shutterstock, Mike Flippo/Shutterstock; 671, 673 TOMO/Shutterstock; 682 Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock; 685 Milosz Bartoszczuk/Shutterstock; 686 Bahadir Yeniceri/Shutterstock, studiovin/Shutterstock; 697, 698 MISTER DIN/Shutterstock; 700 SS pixels/Shutterstock, Sandeep Gore/Shutterstock; 702 Nearbirds/Shutterstock; 707 allstars/Shutterstock, Lorelyn Medina/Shutterstock; 708 ronstik/Shutterstock, Vladimir Wrangel/Shutterstock; 716 biagacis/Shutterstock; 717 Yuriy Redkin/Shutterstock;


718 JoseSAPhotos/Shutterstock; 722 JpegPhotographer/Shutterstock, My name is boy/Shutterstock; 728 Margo Basarab/Shutterstock; 729 All for you friend/Shutterstock, Photo Melon/Shutterstock; 730 User01/Shutterstock; 731 iStock.com/Alyssum; 742 Titima Ongkantong/Shutterstock; 747 Bipsun/Shutterstock; 748 Rashevskyi Viacheslav/Shutterstock, MARCHPN/Shutterstock; 755 Jinning Li/Shutterstock, Bessapics/Shutterstock, siamionau pavel/Shutterstock; 757, 760, 764 SpicyTruffel/Shutterstock; 757, 760 SeneGal/Shutterstock, andrewvect/Shutterstock, La Gorda/Shutterstock, YourElechka/Shutterstock; 757 Heritage Image Partnership Ltd/Alamy Stock Photo, Gallica Digital Library, Fer Gregory/Shutterstock; 761 Jezper/Shutterstock; 762 HiSunnySky/Shutterstock, Se-rgey/Shutterstock; 764 Julia Musdotter/Shutterstock, d1sk/Shutterstock; 765 Science & Society Picture Library/Getty Images; (smartphone) guteksk7/Shutterstock; (tablet) EVZ/Shutterstock


Credits


Photography CreditsCover: Taras Hipp/ShutterstockBack Cover: 104 Aleksandar Grozdanovski/Shutterstock; 274 Bennyartist/Shutterstock, Tiger Images/Shutterstock, Nata-Lia/ShutterstockText: iii, 93 kuzmaphoto/Shutterstock, Artens/Shutterstock; iii, 79, 115 Makhh/Shutterstock; iv, 177 iStock.com/MR1805, solarseven/Shutterstock; iv, 214 Carlos Caetano/Shutterstock; iv, 294 Elena Noeva/Shutterstock, theendup/Shutterstock, IFH/Shutterstock; v, 349 JIANG DONGYAN/Shutterstock, Eddgars/Shutterstock; v, 435 CoolimagesCo/Shutterstock; vi, 459 StockImageFactory.com/Shutterstock; vi, 522 Sascha Burkard/Shutterstock, Vaclav Volrab/Shutterstock; vii, 642 Volodymyr Nikitenko/Shutterstock; viii, 747, 748 Photimageon/Alamy Stock Photo; viii, 774 Lopris/Shutterstock; 1, 3 kosolovskyy/Shutterstock; 4 Vadym Andrushchenko/Shutterstock, MarinaD/Shutterstock; 15 donsimon/Shutterstock.com; 16 Sarawut Aiemsinsuk/Shutterstock; 17 ne2pi/Shutterstock, Cube29/Shutterstock; 24 chanchai howharn/Shutterstock, eakasarn/Shutterstock; 31 NANTa SamRan/Shutterstock, MLWatts/Wikimedia Commons/CC0 1.0; 44 ma3d/Shutterstock, Alex Tuzhikov/Shutterstock; 45 Stock-Asso/Shutterstock, Amish Spirit; 48 Stanislav Samoylik/Shutterstock, MaxCab/Shutterstock; 65 GraphicsRF/Shutterstock; 73 FrameStockFootages/Shutterstock, Anna Komissarenko/Shutterstock; 81 Thomas Dutour/Shutterstock; 83 Michael Kraus/Shutterstock; 94 Daniel Doerfler/Shutterstock; 95 mTaira/Shutterstock, qonchajabrayilova/Shutterstock; 114 Piyawat Nandeenopparit/Shutterstock; 116 hrui/Shutterstock; 121, 122 Greg A Boiarsky/Shutterstock; 128 Photographee.eu/Shutterstock; 137 Anna Nahabed/Shutterstock; 138 Trompinex/Shutterstock; 139 ottoflick/Shutterstock; 142 Gearstd/Shutterstock; 143 Isaac Mok/Shutterstock.com; 159 iStock.com/Carol Hamilton; 164 Ambient Ideas/Shutterstock; 165 iStock.com/Talaj; 167 Yulia YasPe/Shutterstock; 173, 197 lovelyday12/Shutterstock; 175 denio109/Shutterstock; 180 Willyam Bradberry/Shutterstock; 181, 182 Julien Tromeur/Shutterstock; 185 LM Photos/Shutterstock; 186 CastecoDesign/Shutterstock; 187 Chandan Dubey/Moment/Getty Images; 188 Iakov Filimonov/Shutterstock.com; 190 sirtravelalot/Shutterstock; 191 Vaclav Sebek/Shutterstock; 195 foodonwhite/Shutterstock; 199 FocusDzign/Shutterstock.com; 202 Sergey Novikov/Shutterstock; 203 kurhan/Shutterstock;

204 MyImages - Micha/Shutterstock; 209 Denise Lett/Shutterstock, ppart/Shutterstock, Anne Kramer/Shutterstock; 210 Piotr Wytrazek/Shutterstock, Gina Stef/Shutterstock; 216 April Cat/Shutterstock; 218 Andrey_Kuzmin/Shutterstock, Vismar UK/Shutterstock; 220 Sergey Mironov/Shutterstock; 223 caimacanul/Shutterstock; 225 aradaphotography/Shutterstock; 227 Diane Garcia/Shutterstock; 230 Pratchaya.Lee/Shutterstock; 231 YAKOBCHUK VIACHESLAV/Shutterstock; 232 Naruedom Yaempongsa/Shutterstock, JIANG HONGYAN/Shutterstock; 234, 268, 348 Africa Studio/Shutterstock; 235 Ermolaev Alexander/Shutterstock; 237 Blake Alan/Shutterstock; 238 iStock.com/SarahPage; 240 pukkhoom_nokwila/Shutterstock.com; 242 David Porras/Shutterstock; 246, 448, 584 Eric Isselee/Shutterstock; 247 Manuel Ascanio/Shutterstock.com; 249 Anatoli Styf/Shutterstock; 253 ccarvalhophotography/Shutterstock; 254 Inspired by Maps/Shutterstock; 256 nullplus/Shutterstock, Anna Sastre Forrellad/Shutterstock; 259, 260 Thomas Soellner/Shutterstock; 260 Pop_Studio/Shutterstock; 268 Madlen/Shutterstock; 269 Parinya Feungchan/Shutterstock; 270 Cultura Creative (RF)/Alamy Stock Photo; 275 Dan Breckwoldt/Shutterstock; 278 WDG Photo/Shutterstock; 281 Nathapol Kongseang/Shutterstock; 282 home_sweet_home/Shutterstock; 286 Photo Melon/Shutterstock, Mego studio/Shutterstock; 288 Tim Jones/Alamy Stock Photo; 293 Marques/Shutterstock, Anton Kozyrev/Shutterstock, Felix Lipov/Shutterstock; 296 Dawid Galecki/Shutterstock; 302 Maria Kolpashchikova/Shutterstock; 309 Anton Gvozdikov/Shutterstock; 310 Lightspring/Shutterstock, Tyler Olson/Shutterstock; 314 Dmytro Zinkevych/Shutterstock; 315 Ev Thomas/Shutterstock; 316 Fascinadora/Shutterstock; 320 Mikayel Bartikyan/Shutterstock; 329 Kolpakova Daria/Shutterstock; 331 stephan kerkhofs/Shutterstock, Andre Seale/Alamy Stock Photo; 336 Konrawat/Shutterstock; 337 Seashell World/Shutterstock; 339 Volodymyr Goinyk/Shutterstock, Alex Stemmer/Shutterstock; 345, 387 ezphoto/Shutterstock.com; 347, 506, 668 New Africa/Shutterstock; 348 Archi_Viz/Shutterstock; 353 Dja65/Shutterstock, Picsfive/Shutterstock; 357 HEX LLC./Alamy Stock Photo; 359 Laura Crazy/Shutterstock; 360 theskaman306/Shutterstock; 361 adidas4747/Shutterstock; 364 dgbomb/Shutterstock; 365 Greg Epperson/Shutterstock; 366 worldinmyeyes.pl/Shutterstock; 368 bowoedane/Shutterstock, Infinity T29/Shutterstock; 370 spaxiax/Shutterstock, ben bryant/Shutterstock; 371, 372 Charlesy/Shutterstock, Kriengsuk Prasroetsung/Shutterstock; 372 fotorince/Shutterstock; 374 Mykola Mazuryk/Shutterstock, Iakov Filimonov/Shutterstock, elena09/Shutterstock; 377 Pixel-Shot/Shutterstock; 380 Chubarov Alexandr/Shutterstock;


Credits (continued)

381 leolintang/Shutterstock; 385, 498 Fotokostic/Shutterstock; 388, 393 adike/Shutterstock; 388 EVZ/Shutterstock; 389 iStock.com/ByronD; 392 Sugarless/Shutterstock; 393 RGB Ventures/SuperStock/Alamy Stock Photo, Linda Bucklin/Shutterstock, PHOTO JUNCTION/Shutterstock; 394 Willyam Bradberry/Shutterstock; 397 Brocreative/Shutterstock; 399 Marc Romanelli/Tetra Images/Getty Images; 400 Reid Dalland/Shutterstock; 403 Jim David/Shutterstock, iweta0077/Shutterstock; 407 Claudio Rampinini/Shutterstock, Olga Dubravina/Shutterstock; 409 jamesteohart/Shutterstock; 416 Gary Saxe/Shutterstock; 419 Ammit Jack/Shutterstock; 421 3DMAVR/Shutterstock; 422 Izf/Shutterstock; 436 Miceking/Shutterstock; 437 hobbit/Shutterstock; 439 TayebMEZAHDIA/Pixabay; 445, 447 Alina Lavrenova/Shutterstock; 453, 454 Rost9/Shutterstock; 460 Noah Seelam/AFP/Getty Images; 464 Marco Rubino/Shutterstock; 464 videoduck/Shutterstock; 468 aldarinho/Shutterstock; 469, 470 Fenton/Shutterstock; 474 Kateryna Kon/Shutterstock, Triff/Shutterstock; 475 Rvector/Shutterstock, KPG_Payless/Shutterstock; 476 Kia Nakriz/Shutterstock; 490 bluehand/Shutterstock; 491 View Apart/Shutterstock.com; 492 Maxx-Studio/Shutterstock; 493 r0ma4/Shutterstock; 496 imageBROKER/Alamy Stock Photo; 497 iStock.com/kyoshino; 500 Alex Mit/Shutterstock, BlueberryPie/Shutterstock, iStock.com/LueratSatichob; 502 Ermolaev Alexader/Shutterstock; 503 SoleilC/Shutterstock, kornn/Shutterstock; 504 Chatchai Somwat/Shutterstock; 506 Teacherx555/Shutterstock, iambasic_Studio/Shutterstock, Moolkum/Shutterstock; 511, 755 Tiger Images/Shutterstock; 511 soleilC/Shutterstock, Dancestrokes/Shutterstock, Ilya Andriyanov/Shutterstock, Khumthong/Shutterstock; 513 Neirfy/Shutterstock; 514 Oleksiy Mark/Shutterstock; 515 Aphelleon/Shutterstock; 518, 546 NASA; 519 Taiga/Shutterstock, mikeledray/Shutterstock, topseller/Shutterstock; 520 gg-foto/Shutterstock; 524 ixpert/Shutterstock; 525 Paul Crash/Shutterstock; 526 Chase Dekker/Shutterstock; 528 Lou Linwei/Alamy Stock Photo; 532 Poelzer Wolfgang/Alamy Stock Photo; 534 iStock.com/muendo; 534 iStock.com/Antagain; 539 Lidiya Oleandra/Shutterstock, iStock.com/Holcy, Goran Bogicevic/Shutterstock; 540 Checubus/Shutterstock; 541, 544 Christos Georghiou/Shutterstock; 541, 544, 548 Siberian Art/Shutterstock; 543 mijatmijatovic/Shutterstock; 546 nattha99/Shutterstock, John Rossie/AerospaceEd.org, 3D sculptor/Shutterstock; 547 Karl Yamashita/Shutterstock, Barry Diomede/Alamy Stock Photo; 548 Golden Sikorka/Shutterstock; 549 gyn9037/Shutterstock; 555, 595 oxygen/Moment/Getty Images; 557 Natalya Erofeeva/Shutterstock;

558 ma3d/Shutterstock; 559 akiyoko/Shutterstock; 562 Kwangmoozaa/Shutterstock, Take Photo/Shutterstock; 564 Sean Pavone/Shutterstock; 566 faak/Shutterstock; 569 prapann/Shutterstock, Peter Olsson/Shutterstock, Michal Ninger/Shutterstock, Elnur/Shutterstock; 570 vvoe/Shutterstock, Sementer/Shutterstock, serg_bimbirekov/Shutterstock, Andrej Antic/Shutterstock; 572 Rashevskyi Viacheslav/Shutterstock; 574 David P. Lewis/Shutterstock, Vitalii Hulai/Shutterstock; 577 xpixel/Shutterstock; 578 RinArte/Shutterstock, Kanunnikov Vasyl/Shutterstock; 579 Yayayoyo/Shutterstock; 581 Evgeny Karandaev/Shutterstock, Amitofo/Shutterstock; 586 Lydia Vero/Shutterstock; 588 Mike Flippo/Shutterstock, Sergiy Kuzmin/Shutterstock, Nataliia K/Shutterstock; 590 Sebastian Janicki/Shutterstock; 593 John Le/Shutterstock; 594 arka38/Shutterstock; 596 Gts/Shutterstock; 597 G. Ronald Lopez/Alamy Stock Photo; 601 GraphicsRF/Shutterstock; 602 Irina Fischer/Shutterstock; 606 Jango/Stockimo/Alamy Stock Photo; 607 Yoshed/Shutterstock; 608 B Christopher/Alamy Stock Photo; 612 Runrun2/Shutterstock, Ivailo Nikolov/Shutterstock; 617 Stanislav Samoylik/Shutterstock; 618 Photoexpert/Shutterstock; 626 HelloRF Zcool/Shutterstock; 630 mihalec/Shutterstock, You Touch Pix of EuToch/Shutterstock; 636 iStock.com/oonal; 657 alicanozgur/Shutterstock; 664 iStock.com/Katiekk2; 668 MACVON/Shutterstock, Macrovector/Shutterstock; 670 naramit/Shutterstock; 672 art of line/Shutterstock; 674 Nyura/Shutterstock; 679, 682 Gines Valera Marin/Shutterstock; 679 tgavrano/Shutterstock, Travelerpix/Shutterstock; 685 J Davidson/Shutterstock; 687 Seksun Guntanid/Shutterstock, Baronb/Shutterstock; 693, 695 Denis Belitsky/Shutterstock; 700 Erik Lam/Shutterstock; 707 Matushchak Anton/Shutterstock, JoemanjiArts/Shutterstock; 710 Racheal Gazias/Shutterstock; 716 freesoulproduction/Shutterstock; 718 JeniFoto/Shutterstock; 723 Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock; 724 3000ad/Shutterstock; 725 PixieMe/Shutterstock; 728 Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock; 730 Samuel Borges Photography/Shutterstock; 734 mipan/Shutterstock; 735, 736 Yaran/Shutterstock; 738 Sergey Korkin/Shutterstock; 741 PetlinDmitry/Shutterstock; 745 Jenna Hidinger/Shutterstock; 755 Tiger Images/Shutterstock; 756 MilkyM/Shutterstock; 757 Khaled ElAdawy/Shutterstock; 762 Grigorita Ko/Shutterstock; 766 Ienjoyeverytime/Shutterstock; 767 Venus Angel/Shutterstock; 772 Josep Curto/Shutterstock; 777 Ana Prego/Shutterstock; 779 9george/Shutterstock; 784 Michael D Brown/Shutterstock; 785 David P. Smith/Shutterstock; 786 Flat art/Shutterstock; 787 Jeff Zehnder/Shutterstock, Bushko Oleksandr/Shutterstock, Varavin88/Shutterstock; (smartphone and laptop) guteksk7/Shutterstock


Acknowledgments


Photography Credits7 Robert Lucian Crusitu/Shutterstock; 23 leungchopan/Shutterstock; 45 alphaspirit/Shutterstock; 67, 697 Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock; 89 vchal/Shutterstock; 111 Roman Zaiets/Shutterstock; 149 comzeal images/Shutterstock; 171 Sfocato/Shutterstock; 199 Phovoir/Shutterstock; 211 Bogdan Florea/Shutterstock; 233 Andrey Armyagov/Shutterstock; 271 Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock; 283 Nikonaft/Shutterstock; 311 science photo/Shutterstock; 349 Steven J Taylor/Shutterstock; 361 iStock.com/sturti; 389 Chutima Chaochaiya/Shutterstock; 401, 507 Gorodenkoff/Shutterstock; 439 3Dsculptor/Shutterstock; 463c The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Klejman, 1966, Josell7/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 4.0; 467 Alexander Gold/Shutterstock; 479 Dima SideInikov/Shutterstock; 545 Barry Blackburn/Shutterstock; 557 Cholpan/Shutterstock.com; 573 sima/Shutterstock; 585 Dragon Images/Shutterstock; 609c Yongcharoen_kittiyaporn/Shutterstock, Alhovik/Shutterstock; 613 asharkyu/Shutterstock; 625 bibiphoto/Shutterstock; 663 Dusan Petkovic/Shutterstock; 675 SeventyFour/Shutterstock; 719 TORWAISTUDIO/Shutterstock; 741 hxdbzxy/Shutterstock

Data Sets336 https://nutritiondata.self.com; 336 FoodData Central (2019). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Retrieved from fdc.nal.usda.gov.; 336 https://www.nutritionix.com


Acknowledgments


Photography Credits7 Gorodenkoff/Shutterstock; 35 Christopher Elwell/Shutterstock; 51 ShiningBlack/Shutterstock; 63 EarnestTse/Shutterstock; 85 Sebastian Duda/Shutterstock; 101 AleksejLysenko/Shutterstock; 139 koya979/Shutterstock; 151 GLandStudio/Shutterstock; 173 SvetlanaSF/Shutterstock; 185 Andriy Blokhin/Shutterstock; 219c Valadzionak Wolha/Shutterstock; 223 vanchai tan/Shutterstock.com; 235 3000ad/Shutterstock; 257 phloxii/Shutterstock; 279 wavebreakmedia/Shutterstock; 311 Michal Bellan/Shutterstock; 333 shooarts/Shutterstock; 341c Art Collection 2/Alamy Stock Photo; 345 all_about_people/Shutterstock; 357 Nadir Keklik/Shutterstock; 379 Pavelis/Shutterstock; 423 Andrey_Popov/Shutterstock; 451 Margoe Edwards/Shutterstock; 473 ESB Basic/Shutterstock; 485 kryzhov/Shutterstock; 507 JPC-PROD/Shutterstock; 545 Rattiya Thongdumhyu/Shutterstock; 569c Kostenko Maxim/Shutterstock; 573 EQRoy/Shutterstock.com; 591c Merydolla/Shutterstock; 595 zlikovec/Shutterstock; 611 Jules_Kitano/Shutterstock; 633 Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-83338; 677 VTinoco/Shutterstock; 689 panumas nikhomkhai/Shutterstock; 711 calimedia/Shutterstock.com; 733 Daniel M Calderon/Shutterstock


Acknowledgments


Photography Credits3c Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy Stock Photo; 7 Unholy Vault Designs/Shutterstock; 19 Aquarius Studio/Shutterstock; 47 sampono_art/Shutterstock; 85 ANRIR/Shutterstock; 97 Georgejmclittle/Shutterstock; 119 logoboom/Shutterstock; 141 zhengzaishuru/Shutterstock; 179 Baloncici/Shutterstock; 201 varandah/Shutterstock.com; 229 Suzanne Tucker/Shutterstock; 251 fizkes/Shutterstock; 273 Celiafoto/Shutterstock; 285 Andrey_Popov/Shutterstock; 313 Love Silhouette/Shutterstock; 351 nata-lunata/Shutterstock; 363 Gorondenkoff/Shutterstock; 391 Milan Ilic Photographer/Shutterstock; 413 Edgloris Marys/Shutterstock.com; 451 Lopolo/Shutterstock; 473 K_E_N/Shutterstock; 495 Nor Gal/Shutterstock; 517 muratart/Shutterstock; 561 Erikson Stock/Shutterstock; 583 Richard Paul Kane/Shutterstock.com; 599 NASA/JPL-Caltech; 617c Universal Images Group North America LLC/Alamy Stock Photo; 621 Viappy/Shutterstock; 633 Holmes846/Shutterstock; 661 Tooykrub/Shutterstock.com; 699 beboy/Shutterstock; 727 Gregory E. Clifford/Shutterstock.com; 749 Sergieiev/Shutterstock; 761 tsyhun/Shutterstock

Documents

Acknowledgments · showcake; 127 Picsfive; 136–138 ntstudio; 141 artnLera, Ermolaev Alexander; 142 Anton Starikov, Africa Studio; 147 Smereka; 151 Monkeyoum; 159 Andrew Burgess