Acids and Bases

• Chapter 10 Section 2

Acids and Their Properties

•Acids have a sour taste.•Acids are corrosive.•Acids turn blue litmus paper

red.•Acids conduct electric

current.•Acids increase the number of H3O+.

Uses of Acids• Sulfuric Acid – paper, paint,

detergents, & fertilizers• Nitric Acid – fertilizers, rubber & plastic• Hydrochloric Acid – separate metals

from ores, digestion, keeping swimming pools free of algae.

• Citric and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) are found in orange juice.

• Acetic acid is found in vinegar.• Carbonic and phosphoric acids in soft

drinks.

Bases and Their Properties

•Bases increase the number of

OH-

•Bases taste bitter•Bases are corrosive.•Bases feel slippery•Bases turn red litmus blue•Bases conduct electric current

Uses of Bases• Sodium hydroxide is in soap,

paper, oven cleaners, and to unclog drains.

• Calcium hydroxide is used to make cement and plaster.

• Magnesium and aluminum hydroxides are used as antacids to treat upset stomachs.

pH Scale

Safety First!• Acids and bases can be harmful to your

skin. Be careful and immediately report any spills to your teacher.

COMPARING ACIDS & BASES

TASTE

FEEL

IONS PRODUCED

INDICATOR/LITMUS

# pH SCALE

USES OR EXAMPLES

ACIDS BASES

sour bitter

wet slippery

H3O+ OH-

blue red Red blue

# 0 - 6 #8 - 14

THE END