ACI 440.6 R-2008 Specification for Carbon and Glass FRP Bars Materials for Concrete Reinforcement (2)

7/24/2019 ACI 440.6 R-2008 Specification for Carbon and Glass FRP Bars Materials for Concrete Reinforcement (2)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aci-4406-r-2008-specification-for-carbon-and-glass-frp-bars-materials-for 1/10

ACI 440.6M-08

Reported by ACI Committee 440

Specification for Carbon and Glass

Fiber-Reinforced Polymer BarMaterials for Concrete Reinforcement

An ACI Standard



Specification for Carbon and Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer BarMaterials for Concrete Reinforcement

First PrintingJuly 2008

ISBN 978-0-87031-290-8

American Concrete Institute®

Advancing concrete knowledge

Copyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This materialmay not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or otherdistribution and storage media, without the written consent of ACI.

The technical committees responsible for ACI committee reports and standards strive to avoid ambiguities,omissions, and errors in these documents. In spite of these efforts, the users of ACI documents occasionallyfind information or requirements that may be subject to more than one interpretation or may beincomplete or incorrect. Users who have suggestions for the improvement of ACI documents arerequested to contact ACI. Proper use of this document includes periodically checking for errata atwww.concrete.org/committees/errata.asp for the most up-to-date revisions.

ACI committee documents are intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate thesignificance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for theapplication of the material it contains. Individuals who use this publication in any way assume all risk andaccept total responsibility for the application and use of this information.

All information in this publication is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind, either express or implied,including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose ornon-infringement.

ACI and its members disclaim liability for damages of any kind, including any special, indirect, incidental,or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost revenues or lost profits, which may resultfrom the use of this publication.

It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish health and safety practices appropriate tothe specific circumstances involved with its use. ACI does not make any representations with regard tohealth and safety issues and the use of this document. The user must determine the applicability of allregulatory limitations before applying the document and must comply with all applicable laws and regulations,including but not limited to, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) healthand safety standards.

Order information: ACI documents are available in print, by download, on CD-ROM, through electronicsubscription, or reprint and may be obtained by contacting ACI.

Most ACI standards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revisedACI Manual of

Concrete Practice (MCP).

American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331U.S.A.Phone: 248-848-3700Fax: 248-848-3701

www.concrete.org



ACI 440.6M-08 was adopted April 30, 2008, and published June 2008.Copyright © 2008, American Concrete Institute.All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any

means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic ormechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproductionor for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writingis obtained from the copyright proprietors.

440.6M-1

Specification for Carbon and Glass Fiber-Reinforced

Polymer Bar Materials for Concrete Reinforcement

An ACI StandardReported by ACI Committee 440

ACI 440.6M-08

This Material Specification covers provisions governing testing, evaluation,

and acceptance of carbon and glass fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars

used as reinforcement for concrete.

Keywords: carbon fiber; concrete; concrete construction; FRP reinforced

concrete; fiber-reinforced polymer reinforcement; glass fiber; specification.

CONTENTSSection 1—Scope, p. 440.6-2

Section 2—Referenced documents, p. 440.6-2

Section 3—Terminology, p. 440.6-2

Section 4—Classification, p. 440.6-2

Section 5—Ordering information, p. 440.6-3

Section 6—Materials and manufacture, p. 440.6-3

Sections 7—Physical properties, p. 440.6-3

Section 8—Mechanical properties, p. 440.6-4

Section 9—Durability properties, p. 440.6-4

Section 10—Other requirements, p. 440.6-5

Section 11—Sampling, p. 440.6-5

Section 12—Rejection, p. 440.6-5

Section 13—Product certification, p. 440.6-5

Section 14—Markings, p. 440.6-6

Tarek Alkhrdaji Russell Gentry James G. Korff Andrea Prota

Charles E. Bakis Janos Gergely Michael W. Lee Hayder A. Rasheed

Lawrence C. Bank * William J. Gold Maria Lopez de Murphy Sami H. Rizkalla

Abdeldjelil Belarbi Nabil F. Grace Ibrahim M. Mahfouz Morris Schupack

Brahim Benmokrane Mark F. Green Orange S. Marshall Rajan SenLuke A. Bisby Zareh B. Gregorian Amir Mirmiran Khaled A. Soudki

Gregg J. Blaszak Doug D. Gremel* Ayman S. Mosallam Samuel A. Steere III*

Timothy E. Bradberry* Shawn P. Gross John J. Myers Gamil S. Tadros

Gordon L. Brown Jr. H. R. (Trey) Hamilton III Antonio Nanni† Jay A. Thomas

Vicki L. Brown Issam E. Harik Kenneth Neale Houssam A. Toutanji

Raafat El-Hacha Kent A. Harries John P. Newhook J. Gustavo Tumialan

Garth J. Fallis* Mark P. Henderson* Ayman M. Okeil Milan Vatovec

Amir Z. Fam Bohdan N. Horeczko Carlos E. Ospina* Stephanie L. Walkup

Edward R. Fyfe Vistasp M. Karbhari Max L. Porter David White

John P. BuselChair

Carol K. Shield*

Secretary

*Contributing authors.†Task group Chair.The committee also thanks Nick Carino, Bernard Drouin, Jack Lesko, and Renato Parretti for their contributions.



440.6M-2 ACI STANDARD

SECTION 1—SCOPE1.1 This specification describes permitted constituent

materials, limits on constituent volumes, and minimum

performance requirements for carbon and glass fiber-reinforced

polymer (FRP) bars to be used as reinforcement for

nonprestressed concrete.

1.2 Only carbon and glass FRP bars are covered by this

specification.

1.3 FRP bars made of more than one fiber type (hybrid

FRP) are not covered by this specification.

1.4 Pultruded FRP bars with no external surface enhancement

(that is, plain or smooth bars) to facilitate bond with concrete

are not covered by this specification. Similarly, hollow FRP

bars are not considered due to lack of documented perfor-

mance as reinforcement for concrete.

1.5 Plain FRP bars used as dowels (that is, devices that

transfer shear across concrete joints) where the intended

function requires slip of the dowel are not covered by this

specification.

1.6 This specification does not cover premanufactured

grids and gratings made with FRP materials. FRP matsresulting from assembly of deformed FRP bars, however, are

covered by this document.

1.7 This specification does not cover FRP bars when used

for external and near-surface-mounted strengthening

applications.

1.8 The text of this specification references notes and foot-

notes that provide explanatory material. These notes and

footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be

considered as requirements of the specification.

SECTION 2—REFERENCED DOCUMENTS2.1—ASTM standards

A615/A615M-08a Standard Specification for Deformedand Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for

Concrete Reinforcement

C904-01(2006) Standard Terminology Relating to

Chemical-Resistant Nonmetallic Materials

D570-98(2005) Standard Test Method for Water

Absorption of Plastics

D2584-02 Standard Test Method for Ignition Loss

of Cured Reinforced Resins

D3171-06 Standard Test Methods for Constituent

Content of Composite Materials

D4475-02(2008) Standard Test Method for Apparent

Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded

Reinforced Plastic Rods by the Short-

Beam Method

D5117-03 Standard Test Method for Dye Penetra-

tion of Solid Fiberglass Reinforced

Pultruded Stock

D5229/ Standard Test Method for Moisture

D5229M-92(2004) Absorption Properties and Equilibrium

Conditioning of Polymer Matrix

Composite Materials

D7205/ Standard Test Method for Tensile

D7205M-06 Properties of Fiber Reinforced Polymer

Matrix Composite Bars

E1356-03 Standard Test Method for Assignment of

the Glass Transition Temperatures by

Differential Scanning Calorimetry

E1640-04 Standard Test Method for Assignment of

the Glass Transition Temperature by

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis

2.2—ACI reportThe following test methods from ACI 440.3R,* “Guide

Test Methods for Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) for

Reinforcing or Strengthening Concrete Structures,” are

referenced. Because these test methods are not written in

mandatory language, purchaser and manufacturer shall agree

on the protocols to be used.

B.3 Test method for bond strength of FRP bars by pullout

testing

B.4 Test method for transverse shear strength of FRP bars

B.5 Test method for strength of FRP bent bars and stirrups

at bend locations

B.6 Accelerated test method for alkali resistance of FRP

barsB.12 Test method for determining the effect of corner radius

on tensile strength of FRP bars

SECTION 3—TERMINOLOGY3.1— Definitions

For definitions of terms used in this specification, refer to

ASTM C904.

3.2—Definitions of terms specific to thisspecification

commercial-grade material—a material formulated for

and used in industrial (not consumer) applications.

production lot—any lot of FRP bar produced from start tofinish with the same constituent materials used in the same

proportions without changing any production parameter,

such as cure temperature or line speed.

property, guaranteed—a characteristic value provided by

the manufacturer no greater than the mean minus three

standard deviations of at least the required number of samples

tested according to a specified test method. This definition is

applicable to tensile strength, shear strength (perpendicular to

the bar), bond strength, and strength of bent bars.

property, nominal—a value provided by the manufac-

turer no greater than the mean of at least the required number

of samples tested according to a specified method. This defi-

nition is applicable to tensile elastic modulus, moistureabsorption, and resistance to alkaline environment.

SECTION 4—CLASSIFICATION4.1 FRP bars shall be classified according to fiber composi-

tion with the first letter of the acronym designating fiber

type as follows:

• CFRP: carbon fiber-reinforced polymer bar

• GFRP: glass fiber-reinforced polymer bar

*ACI Committee 440, 2004, “Guide Test Methods for Fiber-Reinforced Polymers(FRPs) for Reinforcing or Strengthening Concrete Structures (ACI 440.3R-04),”American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 40 pp.



SPECIFICATION FOR CARBON AND GLASS FRP BAR MATERIALS FOR CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT 440.6M-3

SECTION 5—ORDERING INFORMATION5.1 The purchaser shall specify the following:

• The classification of bar (see Note 1);

• The method for creating the deformed bar surface;

• The bar size;

• The bar length; and

• For bent bars, the shape of the bend, the radius of the

bend, and the length of the legs.(Note 1—The bar classification—CFRP or GFRP—corre-

sponds to given constituents and the minimum mechanical

properties in this specification.)

SECTION 6—MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURE6.1—Fibers

Fibers shall be in the form of unidirectional rovings (glass

fibers) or unidirectional tows (carbon fibers) of given size

and mass (see Note 2). Fiber sizings and coupling agents shall

be compatible with the resin system used to impregnate them.

(Note 2—The fiber type and fiber amount determine the

physical and mechanical properties of the FRP bar.)

6.2—Matrix resins6.2.1 Vinylester and epoxy resin systems are permitted

provided the finished product meets the physical and

durability requirements of this specification. Blending of

vinylester and epoxy resins is permitted.

6.2.2 The base polymer in the resin system shall not

contain any polyester.

6.2.3 Styrene is permitted to be added to the polymer resin

during processing. Added styrene shall be less than 10% by

mass of the polymer resin. The amount of styrene, as a mass

percentage of the polymer resin, added during processing

shall be reported.6.2.4 Constituent content of resin shall be determined by

ASTM D3171.

6.3—Fillers and additives6.3.1 Only commercial-grade inorganic fillers such as

kaolin clay, calcium carbonate, and alumina trihydrate are

permitted, and shall not exceed 20% by mass of the polymer

resin constituent.

6.3.2 Only commercial-grade additives and process aids,

such as release agents, low-profile shrink additives, initiators,

promoters, hardeners, catalysts, pigments, fire retardants,

and ultraviolet inhibitors are permitted and depend on the

processing method. Shrink additives, if used, shall be lessthan 10% by mass of the polymer resin.

6.3.3 Only commercial-grade inorganic or organic

nonwoven surfacing mats or veils are permitted.

6.4—Manufacturing process6.4.1 The manufacturer shall produce FRP bars using

variations of the pultrusion process.

6.4.2 Process or material modifications are not permitted

during the production of a single lot.

6.4.3 The manufacturer shall document the process used

and report the date of production and production lot size.

SECTION 7—PHYSICAL PROPERTIES7.1—Fiber content

The fiber content shall be measured by ASTM D3171 or

D2584. When ASTM D3171 is used, fiber content shall not

be less than 55% by volume. When ASTM D2584 is used,

fiber content shall not be less than the fraction by mass corre-

sponding to 55% by volume. The manufacturer shall report

the fiber content of the end product by volume or by mass inaccordance with the method used.

7.2—Glass transition temperatureThe glass transition temperature T g of the resin shall not be

less than 100 °C (see Note 3). The glass transition tempera-

ture shall be measured on a coupon cut from the as-produced

bar using either the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)

method in ASTM E1356 or the dynamic mechanical analysis

(DMA) method in ASTM E1640. When using the DSC

method, test results for both the first scan (according to

ASTM E1356) and the second scan shall be reported.

(Note 3—This temperature does not represent the maximum

permitted service temperature, and is intended for purchaser’squality assurance only. ACI 440.1R* does not currently

designate maximum service temperatures of FRP bars. Indi-

vidual manufacturers should be consulted to determine the

appropriate maximum service temperature for each product.)

7.3— Bar sizes7.3.1 Only FRP bars of solid round or elliptical cross-

section shape are allowed.

7.3.2 The size of FRP bars shall be consistent with standard

sizes for steel reinforcing bars given in ASTM A615/A615M

and as listed in Table 7.1.

7.3.3 The calculated diameter of an FRP bar is equivalent

to that of a smooth round bar having the same area as the

FRP bar measured by ASTM D7205/D7205M.

7.3.4 When the FRP bar is of elliptical shape, the minimum

and maximum outside dimensions of the bar cross section

shall be provided in addition to the calculated diameter.

The calculated diameter of elliptical FRP bars is equivalent

to that of a solid round bar having the same cross-sectional

area as determined according to ASTM D7205/D7205M.

*ACI Committee 440, 2006, “Guide for the Design and Construction of StructuralConcrete Reinforced with FRP Bars (ACI 440.1R-06),” American Concrete Institute,Farmington Hills, MI, 44 pp.

Table 7.1—Size designation of FRP round bars

Bar size designation Nominal diameter, mm Nominal area, mm2

6 6.4 32

10 9.5 71

13 12.7 129

16 15.9 199

19 19.1 284

22 22.2 38725 25.4 510

29 28.7 645

32 32.3 819




7.3.5 The nominal diameter of an FRP bar to be used for

designation and design shall be equal to the calculated diameter.

When the calculated diameter does not correspond to one of the

nominal values given in Table 7.1, the next immediately smaller

nominal diameter given in such table shall be used.

SECTION 8—MECHANICAL PROPERTIES8.1—Tensile strength

The tensile strength shall be determined for two purposes:1) overall product certification (that is, guaranteed value)

from multiple production lots; and 2) manufacturer’s quality

control and purchaser’s quality assurance for each

production lot.

8.1.1 The guaranteed tensile strength for product certifica-

tion shall be measured according to ASTM D7205/D7205M

based on nominal dimensions and at a frequency and number

of specimens, as indicated in Section 11. Minimum guaran-

teed tensile strength values are listed in Table 8.1. The manu-

facturer shall report the individual test results.

8.1.2 The tensile strength of a production lot shall be

measured for the purchaser’s quality assurance according to

ASTM D7205/D7205M at a frequency and number of

specimens as indicated in Section 11. The strength of each

specimen shall be reported and be not less than the guaranteed

strength reported by the manufacturer. If strength is less than

the guaranteed strength, the production lot shall be rejected.

8.2—Tensile modulus of elasticityThe tensile modulus of elasticity shall be determined for

the purpose of product certification (that is, nominal value).

The nominal tensile modulus of elasticity of GFRP bars shall

be at least 39.3 GPa regardless of bar size or geometry. The

tensile modulus of elasticity of CFRP bars shall be at least

124 GPa regardless of bar size or geometry. The tensilemodulus of elasticity is derived from specimens tested in

accordance with ASTM D7205/D7205M at a frequency and

number of specimens as indicated in Section 11. The

manufacturer shall report the individual test results.

8.3—Shear strength (perpendicular to bar)The transverse shear strength shall be determined for the

purpose of product certification (that is, guaranteed value).

The guaranteed transverse shear strength of FRP bars shall

be at least 124 MPa as determined by a test method

submitted by the manufacturer for acceptance by the

purchaser (see Note 4), at a frequency and number of

specimens as indicated in Section 11. The manufacturershall report the individual test results.

(Note 4—ACI 440.3R, Test Method B.4, may be considered

by the manufacturer for this purpose.)

8.4—Ultimate tensile strain The ultimate tensile strain shall be calculated for the

purpose of product certification (that is, nominal value). The

nominal ultimate tensile strain shall be calculated by

dividing the guaranteed tensile strength by the nominal

elastic modulus (see Note 5). The nominal ultimate tensile

strain of CFRP and GFRP bars obtained by this procedure

shall be at least 0.5 and 1.2%, respectively.

(Note 5—The calculation method is based on the

assumption that the stress-strain behavior is linear elastic

[straight line]).

8.5—Bond strengthThe bond strength shall be determined for the purpose of

product certification (that is, guaranteed value) for each bar

size. The guaranteed bond strength of FRP bars shall be at

least 9.6 MPa as determined by a test method submitted by

the manufacturer for acceptance by the purchaser (see Note 6),

at a frequency and number of specimens as indicated in

Section 11. The manufacturer shall report the individual test

results and the method used for casting the test specimens.


by the manufacturer for this purpose. Such method is

intended to determine the relative bond behavior for material

specifications, but is not intended for design purposes. Two

methods for casting the test specimens are provided in Test

Method B.3.).

SECTION 9—DURABILITY PROPERTIES

9.1—Moisture absorptionMoisture absorption tests shall be determined for the

purpose of product certification (that is, nominal value) in

accordance with ASTM D570, Section 7.4, or D5229/

D5229M, Procedure B, using a water temperature of 50 °C


Section 11. The individual moisture absorption test results

shall be reported, and their average shall be less than 1.0%.

9.2—Resistance to alkaline environmentResistance to alkaline environment tests shall be determined

for the purpose of product certification (that is, nominal

value) in accordance with a test method submitted by the

manufacturer for acceptance by the purchaser (see Note 7),


Section 11. The manufacturer shall report the individual test

results and the test method. Minimum strength retention

values have not yet been established.


by the manufacturer for this purpose.)

Table 8.1—Minimum guaranteed tensile strengthfor FRP bars

Bar size designation

Minimum guaranteed tensile strength

GFRP, MPa CFRP, MPa

6 760 1450

10 760 1310

13 690 1170

16 655 110019 620 1100

22 586 N/A

25 550 N/A

29 517 N/A

32 480 N/A

Note: N/A indicates that CFRP bars of these sizes are currently not available.



SPECIFICATION FOR CARBON AND GLASS FRP BAR MATERIALS FOR CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT 440.6M-5

9.3—Longitudinal wickingLongitudinal wicking shall be determined for the purposes

of the purchaser’s quality assurance. Five consecutive 25 mm

long segments cut from an FRP bar shall be tested in

accordance with ASTM D5117 at a frequency as indicated

in Section 11. No continuous voids shall be permitted in the

resin (see Note 8). A continuous void is one that appears in

all five consecutive test specimens. The presence of hollow

fibers is not considered a void.

(Note 8—This requirement is intended to check for

continuous voids that could occur due to shrinkage of the

resin during processing or as the result of poor consolidation

of the fiber and resin matrix during production.)

SECTION 10—OTHER REQUIREMENTS10.1—Bend radius

Bends shall be formed in FRP bars that are made with

thermosetting resin and only while the resin is in a physical

liquid state (see Note 9). The minimum inside bend radii for

factory-formed FRP bar bends are specified in Table 10.1.

(Note 9—After the resin has passed the liquid state,bending or alteration of the FRP bar is not possible due to the

inability of the fibers to move [or reorient] within the resin

matrix. Because thermosetting polymers are highly cross

linked, heating the bar on site will not be allowed as it leads

to a decomposition of the resin, thus creating a loss of

strength in the FRP bar.)

10.2—Strength of bendsThe strength of bends shall be determined for the purpose

of overall product certification (that is, guaranteed value).

10.2.1 The guaranteed strength of bends for product certi-

fication shall be measured according to a test method

submitted by the manufacturer for acceptance by the purchaser(see Note 10). Testing frequency and number of specimens

shall be as indicated in Section 11. The manufacturer shall

report the individual test results and the test method.

Minimum strength values have not yet been established.

(Note 10—ACI 440.3R, Test Method B.5 or B.12, may be

considered by the manufacturer for this purpose.)

10.2.2 For a measure of the manufacturer’s quality control

and purchaser’s quality assurance on FRP bends, one of the

two test methods listed as follows shall be used at a frequency

and number of specimens as indicated in Section 11 (see

Note 11). The manufacturer shall report the individual test

results and the test method.

(Note 11—Testing for the manufacturer’s quality control

does not require measurement of strength of the bends as per

Section 10.2.1.)

10.2.2.1 When it is possible to extract a straight portion

of the tail of the bent bar of sufficient length, such an element

shall be tested according to ASTM D7205/D7205M. The

strength of each specimen shall be not less than the guaran-

teed strength reported by the manufacturer for the bar of that

diameter.

10.2.2.2 When the bend size does not allow for the

tensile testing of one of its straight portions, a specimen shall

be obtained from the bend and tested for interlaminar

(horizontal) shear strength according to ASTM D4475 and

for fiber content according to ASTM D2584 or D3171. The

manufacturer shall report the individual test results and the

test method. Minimum interlaminar shear strength values

have not yet been established. The fiber content of each

specimen shall be not less than the minimum percent byvolume reported in Section 7.1.

SECTION 11—SAMPLING11.1—Sampling frequency and number ofspecimens

11.1.1 For the determination of each of the mechanical and

durability properties for the manufacturer’s quality control

tests and for the purchaser’s quality assurance tests, at least

five samples of sufficient length to perform the required tests

shall be obtained from each production lot.

11.1.2 For the determination of each of the mechanical and

durability properties for product certification (that is, guaran-

teed and nominal values), at least 25 samples of sufficientlength to perform the required tests shall be obtained in groups

of five from five different production lots. Tests for the deter-

mination of the mechanical and durability properties for

product certification shall be repeated at least every 3 years.

11.1.3 For orders of bends in varying quantities that together

will comprise a production lot of bends, at the discretion of

the purchaser, testing of bends for the manufacturer’s quality

control and for the purchaser’s quality assurance may be

limited to a minimum of five samples of a 90-degree bend

with the smallest bend radius to bar diameter ratio.

11.2— Methods of sample selection

Samples from each production lot to be used for preparingtest specimens shall be selected by the manufacturer on a

random basis.

SECTION 12—REJECTION12.1 The purchaser has the option to reject material that fails

to conform to the requirements of this specification. Rejection

shall be reported to the manufacturer or supplier promptly

and in writing.

SECTION 13—PRODUCT CERTIFICATION13.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, the

purchaser shall be furnished with:

Table 10.1—Minimum inside bend radius ofbent bars

Bar size designation Bend radius,* mm

6 19

10 28

13 38

16 48

19 5722 67

25 76

29 114

32 127

*Based on three bar diameters for No. 6 through No. 25, and four bar diameters forNo. 29 and No. 32.




• Documentation showing the constituents, their quantities,

and their properties as provided by the suppliers; and

• Product certification stating that samples representing

each production lot have been tested and inspected as

indicated in this specification and the requirements

have been met.

Certifications shall bear the signature of an authorized

representative of the bar manufacturer.13.2 When specified in the purchase order or contract, a

report of the results of the manufacturer’s quality control

tests and the purchaser’s quality assurance tests shall be

furnished. The test report shall include the following for a

given production lot traceable to the identifying marking on

the FRP straight and bent bars furnished:

• Test date and laboratory where testing was performed;

• Nominal bar diameter;

• Production lot number or identifying marking;

• Description of specimens tested, that is, specimen

length, free length, and anchorage details;

• Results of individual tensile strength tests of each

specimen;• Results of dye penetration tests (wicking); and

• Description of testing apparatus, that is, load frame type

and capacity, extensometer, data acquisition software,

and other pertinent details.

13.3 When specified in the purchase order or contract, a

report of the test results of product certification shall be

furnished. The test report shall include the following for the

FRP straight and bent bars furnished:

• Test date and laboratory where testing was performed;

• Resin matrix, fillers, and additives;

• Fiber manufacturer’s specific product identification

nomenclature used;

• Description of specimens tested, that is, specimen

length, free length, and anchorage details;

• Description of the testing method when the choice of

more than one test method or variation has been

specified in this document;

• Geometric properties: cross-sectional area and diameter;

• Physical properties: fiber content with indication of

reference by mass or volume, glass transition tempera-

ture, and bar size and dimensions of elliptical bars;

• Guaranteed mechanical properties: tensile strength,

transverse shear strength (perpendicular to the bar),

bond strength, and strength of bent bars;

• Nominal mechanical properties: tensile modulus of

elasticity, and ultimate tensile strain (calculated);

• Nominal durability properties: moisture absorption and

resistance to alkaline environment; and

• Description of testing apparatus, that is, load frame

type and capacity, extensometer, data acquisition soft-

ware, and other pertinent details.

SECTION 14—MARKINGS14.1 Each bundle of bars shall be identified with a corre-

sponding production lot number. Production lot numbers

shall be printed on each bar or affixed to each bundle by

means of a durable tag.

14.2 Each bundle of bars shall be labeled with the

following information:

• A symbol to identify the manufacturer;

• A marking to indicate the classification of fiber (that is,

G for glass and C for carbon);

• The nominal bar diameter designation (in metric);

• A marking to indicate the guaranteed tensile strength;

and

• A marking to indicate the nominal modulus of elasticity.

14.3 The only marking required for each individual bar

shall be the nominal bar diameter designation, and it shall be

made by a durable means.

Bar markings shall take the form of permanent physical

marking of the bar size in metric on the product or permanent

color coding applied to the bar as shown in Table 14.1 (see

Note 12).

(Note 12—Markings will be used at the construction site

to verify that the specified bars are being used.)

Table 14.1—Color codes for marking bar sizes

Bar size designation Color*

6 Black

10 Orange

13 Green

16 Red

19 Blue

22 Yellow25 Purple

29 Gray

32 Brown

*Color coding should be at least 150 mm of FRP at each end of bars.



As ACI begins its second century of advancing concrete knowledge, its original chartered purposeremains “to provide a comradeship in finding the best ways to do concrete work of all kinds and inspreading knowledge.” In keeping with this purpose, ACI supports the following activities:

· Technical committees that produce consensus reports, guides, specifications, and codes.

· Spring and fall conventions to facilitate the work of its committees.

· Educational seminars that disseminate reliable information on concrete.

· Certification programs for personnel employed within the concrete industry.

· Student programs such as scholarships, internships, and competitions.

· Sponsoring and co-sponsoring international conferences and symposia.

· Formal coordination with several international concrete related societies.

· Periodicals: the ACI Structural Journal and the ACI Materials Journal , and Concrete International .

Benefits of membership include a subscription to Concrete International and to an ACI Journal. ACImembers receive discounts of up to 40% on all ACI products and services, including documents, seminarsand convention registration fees.

As a member of ACI, you join thousands of practitioners and professionals worldwide who share acommitment to maintain the highest industry standards for concrete technology, construction, andpractices. In addition, ACI chapters provide opportunities for interaction of professionals and practitionersat a local level.

American Concrete Institute

38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331

U.S.A.

Phone: 248-848-3700

Fax: 248-848-3701

www.concrete.org





The AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE

was founded in 1904 as a nonprofit membership organization dedicated to publicservice and representing the user interest in the field of concrete. ACI gathers anddistributes information on the improvement of design, construction andmaintenance of concrete products and structures. The work of ACI is conducted byindividual ACI members and through volunteer committees composed of both

members and non-members.

The committees, as well as ACI as a whole, operate under a consensus format,which assures all participants the right to have their views considered. Committeeactivities include the development of building codes and specifications; analysis ofresearch and development results; presentation of construction and repairtechniques; and education.

Individuals interested in the activities of ACI are encouraged to become a member.There are no educational or employment requirements. ACI’s membership iscomposed of engineers, architects, scientists, contractors, educators, andrepresentatives from a variety of companies and organizations.

Members are encouraged to participate in committee activities that relate to theirspecific areas of interest. For more information, contact ACI.

www.concrete.org

Specification for Carbon and Glass Fiber-Reinforced

Polymer Bar Materials for Concrete Reinforcement



Documents

ACI 440.6 R-2008 Specification for Carbon and Glass FRP Bars Materials for Concrete Reinforcement (2)