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7/31/2019 Achieving Sanitation Mdg Uttar Pradesh Manish Kumar Sonali David Part 1 Niar 2012
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Achieving Sanitation MDG in
Uttar Pradesh
Presented at
National Seminar on DecentralizedGovernance in Water & Sanitation in
Rural India
June 28th, 2012
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Uttar Pradesh A Profile
Area 243,290 sq km with population 210 m
Contributes nearly 8% of Indias GDP
Only 5 countries in the world have more
population than Uttar Pradesh
One out of every five open defecator in Indialives in Uttar Pradesh
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State Level Disaggregation of Number of Open Defecators
125
71
54
50
49
44
39
39
32
31
27
11
11
4
1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Uttar Pradesh
Bihar
Maharashtra
Madhya Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh
Rajasthan
West Bengal
Tamil Nadu
Orissa
Karnataka
Gujarat
Haryana
Punjab
Himachal Pradesh
Kerala
Millions
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Sanitation Trends
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Only 6.9% increase in improved sanitation from 1990 to 2006 (16 years)
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Sanitation Trends in Rural UP
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Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Increased nearly 3 times in last 15 years but grossly inadequate
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MDG target for Uttar Pradesh
Projected population of UP in 2015 220 million
MDG Target (56.5%) 124.5 million
MDG achievable at current rate (24%) 53 million
Unimproved toilet users 33 millon
Open defecators in 2015 135 million
MDG target shortfall 71.5 million
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Four Districts Contribute 11% of
Open Defecators
District Projected Population of Open
Defecators (2007)
Allahabad 4,084,668
Azamgarh 3,741,821 Jaunpur 3,651,550
Sitapur 3,429,279
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Second level
Third level Fourth level
Fifth level
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Second Outline
Level
Third Outline
Level
Fourth Outline
Level
FifthOutline
Level
Sixth
OutlineLevel
Seventh Outline
LevelClick to edit
Master text styles
18 districts contribute 37% of open
defecationName of District
Projected
Population of
Open Defecators(2007)
Gorakhpur
3,217,968
Hardoi
3,194,743
Sultanpur 3,097,598
(2007)
Ballia
2,625,415Etah 2,574,837
Deoria
2,561,347
Budaun
2,561,243
Barabanki 2,522,946
Unnao
2,472,429
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Independent Variables Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 Model 5 Remarks
Percent literate FemalePopulation (Age 7+)
0.85(0.21)*** 0.48(0.17)*** 0.42(0.16)*** 0.25(0.18)*
Percent literate male
Population (Age 7+)
0.64(0.29)**
Households have BPL
Card (%)
-0.85(0.11)***
- 0.74(0.11)***
-0.63(0.14)***
Dist cumulative TSCexpenditure per capita
-0.13(0.04)***
-0.12(0.04)***
Households use piped
drinking water (%)
0.50(0.18)***
Constant -17.68 -22.32 25.30 27.94 29.86
R square 0.19 0.08 0.56 0.61 0.65Adjusted R square 0.18 0.07 0.54 0.59
N 70 70 70 70 70
ve access to toilet facility (%)
* significant at 1% level; ** significant at 5% level ; * significant at 10% level
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0
20
40
60
80
30 40 50 60 70
Percent literate Female Population (Age 7+)
households have access to toilet facility (%) Fitted values
Access to Sanitation vs Female Literacy
one percent increase in female literacy in a district is found associated with 0.25% t
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0
20
40
60
80
0 10 20 30 40 50households use piped drinking water (%)
households have access to toilet facility (%) Fitted values
Access to Toilet Facility vs Water Supply
One percent increase in household piped drinking water in a district is associated with
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0
20
40
60
80
0 20 40 60households have BPL Card (%)
households have access to toilet facility (%) Fitted values
Access to Toilet Facility vs Poverty
an increase of BPL card holders by 1% in a district results in a decrease of toilet use behavior by
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Medical Expenses by Income
Quintile
Income
Quintile
Lowst
Quntile
2nd
Lowest
Middle 2nd
Highest
Highest
AverageMonthly
Income
Rs 873 Rs 2,186 Rs 3789 Rs 6074 Rs 38,143
medical
expenses
on
diarrhoea,
cough,
fever
Rs 90.98
(10.4%)
Rs 192.36
(8.8%)
Rs 290.63
(7.7%)
Rs 507.92
(8.4%)
Rs 1071.51
(2.8%)
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Net Social Benefits of Total
Sanitation
Reduction of deaths of children below 5 years
by 90,000 to 100,000 per annum
Averted loss of wages on account of sickness
Averted cost of medicines for treating sickness
Net Social Benefits of Total Sanitation in Uttar
Pradesh is Rs 10,244 crores (NPV, at 10%
discount rate), which is equal to 4% of State
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Conclusions
Focus on districts with higher concentration of
Open Defecators (4 plus 18)
Give priority to those districts which havehigher female literacy because of higher
chance of success
Give priority to districts with better watersupply systems because of higher chance of
success
Scope for developing innovative health
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THANK YOU