Research Institute for Mariculture, Bali-Indonesia

ACHIEVEMENTS AND BOTTLENECKS FOR YELLOWFIN TUNA, Thunnus albacares

PROPAGATION AT THE GONDOL RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR MARICULTURE, BALI INDONESIA

Jhon Harianto Hutapea, I G.N. Permana and I N.A. Giri

Propagation of yellowfin tuna was initiated in

Indonesia in 2003

Indonesia and Japanese government, constructed

a land-based broodstock holding facility at the

Gondol Research Institute for Mariculture

Collaboration was terminated in 2006

INTRODUCTION

Since 2008, project has been supported by :

Australian Centre for International Agricultural

Research (ACIAR) collaborate with:

South Australian Research and Development

Institute (SARDI),

Challenger Institute for Technology, Fremantle,

Western Australia.

Collecting candidate broodstock

Treatment and transfer from medical tank

Tag reader

Microchip

Tagging and transferred

Vitamin C (500mg) Vitamin E (Aquamix E50)Vitamin MIX

FEEDFEED

Scad mackerel (Decapterussp.) and Squid (Loligo sp.)

Transfer from Acclimation tank (5 kg/fish)

Broodstock tank (1500 m3 -18 m dia.; 6 m depth Semi closed system)

The optimum size for best survival rate in:

transportation,

captivity,

and daily growth rate

2-3 kg

Bottleneck:

Capture with hand line has low probability

Growth pattern of YFT Broodstock in captivity

y = 6,1114x + 22,349R2 = 0,3244

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 2 4 6 8 10

Initial BW (kg)

Dai

ly g

row

th (g

/day

)

0

1

2

30:00-2:00

2:00-4:00

4:00-6:00

6:00-8:00

8:00-10:00

10:00-12:00

12:00-14:00

14:00-16:00

16:00-18:00

18:00-20:00

20:00-22:00

22:00-0:00

Problem in rearing yellowfin tuna in concrete tanks :wall strikes

This mortality imposes a high cost --- continuous replacement.

Fig. 1 Water Temp. in Broodstock Tank

First Spaw ning, Oct. 25, 2004.

28.8 oC

Restart Spawning Aug. 15, 2005.

28.2oC

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

1-Ja

n11

-Jan

21-Ja

n31

-Jan

10-F

eb20

-Feb

2-Mar

12-M

ar22

-Mar

1-Apr

11-A

pr21

-Apr

1-May

11-M

ay21

-May

31-M

ay10

-Jun

20-Ju

n30

-Jun

10-Ju

l20

-Jul

30-Ju

l9-

Aug19

-Aug

29-A

ug8-

Sep18

-Sep

28-S

ep8-

Oct18

-Oct

28-O

ct7-

Nov17

-Nov

27-N

ov7-

Dec17

-Dec

27-D

ec

Days

Tem

p. (o C

)

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Estimated age at initial spawning in captivity : 2,5 - 3 yearsAt Body weight approximately : 20-30 kg

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

25-Oct

26-Oct

27-Oct

28-Oct

29-Oct

30-Oct

31-Oct

1-Nov 2-Nov 3-Nov 4-Nov

2004

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

Dat

e

22-A

ug

30-A

ug

7-S

ep

19-S

ep

29-S

ep

7-O

ct

15-O

ct

23-O

ct

1-N

ov

10-N

ov

19-N

ov

27-N

ov

5-D

ec

13-D

ec

21-D

ec

29-D

ec

2005

0200000400000600000800000

1000000120000014000001600000

Dat

e

7-Ja

n

14-J

an

21-J

an

28-J

an

4-Fe

b

20-F

eb

27-F

eb

6-M

ar

13-M

ar

20-M

ar

27-M

ar

3-A

pr

10-A

pr

17-A

pr

24-A

pr

2-M

ay

12-M

ay

19-M

ay

2006

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

Date 14-Mar 16-Mar 17-Mar 4-Apr 29-Jun 30-Jun

2007

Frequency of spawning and number of eggs produced

Embryo Development

Eggs produced: 500,000 – 2 mil. per spawning.

Egg diameter 850 – 950 µm.

Hatching rate 50 -100 %.

Optimum incubation temperature 28 oC at natural salinity

2006Study on larval development and mass culture

Metamorphose to juvenile at 45 DAH

e

hd

c

d

b

g

f

i

a

Life cycle of endoparasite(Ichthyodinium chabelardi) , infected yellowfin tuna eggs

Highest productivity of fish was in 2005-2006 : 246 times spawning

Continuousspawninglead to endoparasiteInfection since the 40th

spawning

Optimum size for the candidate broodstock is

2-3 kg

Fish transport. methods need to be improved.

The biggest problem in rearing broodstock in

concrete tanks is wall strikes

Size of YFT at first spawning in the tank

estimated to 25-35 kg/fish (at the second year

in the tank.)

Highest productivity of fish was in 2005-2006

(3-4 year in the tank) and productivity

declined sharply in 2008.