ACC_WE_DB3250_Swimming Pools Technical Services Std 1-0 Aug 11

ACC-WE-DB3250-Swimming pools Technical services standard - V1.0 - Aout 2011 1 / 33

...ACC_WF_DB_3250...

SWIMMING POOLS TECHNICAL SERVICES STANDARD

FUNCTIONAL & PERFORMANCE CRITERIA FOR HOTEL CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

International Edition Edition V1.0 August 2011

This document has been published by Accor exclusively for use in executing its own projects. Its distribution or reproduction for other uses (in full or in part) is forbidden.


The functional and performance criteria are a set of several specifications that supplement each other and are listed hereafter.

The present specification is marked with a red square, the associated documents (which are in reference in the present document) are spotted out with an arrow.

FUNCTIONAL AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA DB0001

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

International Sustainable Development Rules AB0010

Accor Rules for Accessibility AB0020

Acoustic Criteria DA0040

Thermal Insulation DA0060

Heat Recovery DA3120

Fire Safety Principles GB000A

Cyclones Prevention GA1001

Legionnela Directive GCL0001

BUILDING ENVELOPE AND FINISHINGS

Construction DB1000

Facades & Doors & Windows DB1300

Doors sets Guide DB2100

Internal Works DB2000

TECHNICAL INSTALLATIONS

Building Services DB3000

DHW Installations using thermal solar panels DB3120

Lifts DB3400

Criteria for Telephone Cabling DB3513

Fire Detection and Alarm DB3610

SPECIFICS AND EXTERIORS AREAS

Covered Carparks DF9000

Kitchen Design DF4000

Bar Counter Design DF2400

Laundry Room RE0011

External Works DB6000

List of updates on present document


INDEX

1. - PREAMBLE .............................................................................................................................................................. 6

1.1. - PURPOSE AND SCOPE ................................................................................................................................................. 6 1.2. - BASIC ASSUMPTIONS ................................................................................................................................................... 6

2. - GENERAL CONCEPT FOR POOL WATER ......................................................................................................... 6

2.1. - INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................. 6 2.2. - POOL LEGISLATION ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.3. - HEALTH AND SAFETY RISK ANALYSIS ...................................................................................................................... 7 2.4. - ACCOR GROUP POOL PERFORMANCE CRITERIA ................................................................................................. 7 2.5. - POOL AND SPA SYSTEMS BASIC PRINCIPLES .......................................................................................................... 8 2.6. - SYSTEM SCHEMATICS 1 - CONCEPTUAL SCHEMATIC FOR STANDARD ACCOR SPEC' INTERNAL POOL 1................. 9 2.7. - SYSTEM SCHEMATICS 2 - CONCEPTUAL SCHEMATIC FOR ACCOR SPEC' EXTERNAL POOL ................................... 10 A. .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 2.8. - SYSTEM SCHEMATICS 3 - OPTIMAL SYSTEM SCHEMATIC FOR ULTIMATE ACCOR SPEC' INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL POOLS ................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 2.9. - APPLICABLE TECHNOLOGY ........................................................................................................................................ 12 B. ................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 2.10. - WATER TREATMENT PLANT ROOM SPACE REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................. 12

3. - POOL WATER SYSTEM CONCEPT ................................................................................................................... 13

3.1. - MAKE-UP WATER TREATMENT ................................................................................................................................... 13 3.2. - POOL WATER FILTRATION ......................................................................................................................................... 16 3.3. - COAGULANTS ............................................................................................................................................................. 16 3.4. - FLOCCULANTS ........................................................................................................................................................... 16 3.5. - OXIDATION CATALYST ............................................................................................................................................... 16 3.6. - DISINFECTION ............................................................................................................................................................ 16 3.7. - BACKWASH ................................................................................................................................................................ 17 3.8. - FILTER MEDIUM ......................................................................................................................................................... 17 3.9. - EQUIPMENT SIZING CRITERIA ..................................................................................................................................... 17 3.9.1. - PUMPS: ................................................................................................................................................................... 17 3.9.2. - FILTERS: ................................................................................................................................................................. 18 3.9.3. - ZPM UNITS: ............................................................................................................................................................ 19 3.9.4. - DOSING PUMPS: ..................................................................................................................................................... 19 3.10. - POOL HYDRAULICS .................................................................................................................................................. 19 3.10.1. - INLETS: ................................................................................................................................................................. 19 3.10.2. - OVERFLOWS: ........................................................................................................................................................ 19 3.10.3. - OUTLET GRILLES: ................................................................................................................................................. 19 3.10.4. - WATER BALANCING TANKS: .................................................................................................................................. 20 3.11. - TEMPERATURE REGULATION ................................................................................................................................... 20 3.12. - BACKWASH RECYCLING MEMBRANE FILTRATION ................................................................................................ 20 3.13. - BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORING .................................................................. 21 3.14. - MANUAL ANALYSES, SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORING ........................................................................................ 21 3.15. - CHEMICAL STORAGE CONDITIONS .......................................................................................................................... 22

4. - PLUMBING SYSTEMS CONCEPT ...................................................................................................................... 23

4.1. - PRIMARY HOT WATER HEATING ............................................................................................................................... 23 4.2. - HEAT RECLAIM........................................................................................................................................................... 23 4.3. - PLUMBING SERVICES FOR POOL WATER NEEDS ..................................................................................................... 23

5. - HVAC SYSTEMS CONCEPTS ............................................................................................................................. 24

5.1. - GENERAL ................................................................................................................................................................... 24 5.2. - OUTDOOR WEATHER CONDITIONS ........................................................................................................................... 24 5.3. - INTERNAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ............................................................................................................................... 24 5.4. - EXTERNAL HEAT LOADS ............................................................................................................................................. 25 5.5. - INTERNAL HEAT LOADS .............................................................................................................................................. 25


5.6. - AIR VELOCITY ............................................................................................................................................................. 25 5.7. - EXTERNAL NOISE CONDITIONS .................................................................................................................................. 25 5.8. - INTERNAL NOISE LEVEL .............................................................................................................................................. 25 5.9. - FRESH AIR AND EXTRACT AIR FLOW RATES ............................................................................................................... 26 5.10. - FILTRATION DEGREE AND AIR QUALITY ................................................................................................................... 26 5.11. - DESCRIPTION OF VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING CONCEPT ......................................................................... 26 5.11.1. - GENERAL .............................................................................................................................................................. 26 5.11.2. - AIR HANDLING UNIT ............................................................................................................................................. 26 5.11.3. - EXTRACTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 28 5.11.4. - AIR DIFFUSION ..................................................................................................................................................... 28 5.11.5. - CONTROLS ........................................................................................................................................................... 28 5.11.6. - ANCILLARY AND TECHNICAL ROOMS .................................................................................................................... 28 5.11.7. - TESTING AND COMMISSIONING ............................................................................................................................ 29 5.11.8. - LINKS WITH THE GLOBAL BMS FOR THE HOTEL .................................................................................................. 29 5.12. - HVAC EQUIPMENT LIST ........................................................................................................................................... 30 5.12.1. - DEHUMIDIFIER ...................................................................................................................................................... 30 5.12.2. - SPLIT SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................................................... 30 5.12.3. - VENTILATION UNITS ............................................................................................................................................. 30 5.12.4. - DIFFUSERS AND GRILLES ..................................................................................................................................... 30 5.12.5. - CONTROLS EQUIPMENT ........................................................................................................................................ 30

6. - ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS CONCEPT .................................................................................................................. 31

6.1. - GENERAL ................................................................................................................................................................... 31 6.2. - EQUIPMENT ................................................................................................................................................................ 31 6.3. - ELECTRICAL SUPPLY .................................................................................................................................................. 31 6.4. - ELECTRICAL CABLES AND CONNECTIONS .................................................................................................................. 31 6.5. - MAIN ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION BOARD ................................................................................................................. 31 6.6. - CONTROLS ................................................................................................................................................................. 31 6.7. - LIGHTING .................................................................................................................................................................... 31 6.8. - EMERGENCY LIGHTING .............................................................................................................................................. 31 6.9. - TELEPHONE LINE ....................................................................................................................................................... 31

7. - ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS BASICS ....................................................................................................................... 32

7.1. - PROTECTION FROM ELECTRIC SHOCKS ...................................................................................................... 32 7.2. - SAFETY ZONES ..................................................................................................................................................... 32 7.3. - SAFETY MEASURES TO INCLUDE IN DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION ........................................................... 32 7.4. - SELECTION OF EQUIPMENT .............................................................................................................................. 32 7.5. - PARTICULAR CASE OF SUBMERGED LIGTHING FITTINGS ....................................................................... 32 7.6. - RISK PREVENTION MEASURES FOR OPERATION OF THE PREMISES .................................................. 32 7.7. - MAINTENANCE PERIODIC CONTROLS AND TESTING ............................................................................. 33

8. - POOL EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS AND REFERENCES .................................................................................... 33

8.1. - AFM SYSTEM, COMPONENTS, FLOCCULANTS, ZPM'S ETC. ..................................................................................... 33 8.2. - HOTEL GROUPS CURRENTLY USING AFM ................................................................................................................ 33

ACC-WE-DB3250-Swimming pools Technical services standard - V1.0 - Aout 2011 5/33

INTRODUCTION

The functional and performance criteria defined by this document shall be applied to all new construction or renovation hotel projects for all the brands of the Accor Group in all countries. In case of differences between local construction standards and the Accor criteria, those standards or criteria which are the more demanding shall be applied.

CONSTRUCTORS RESPONSIBILITIES AND GUARANTEES The CONSTRUCTORS shall assume full responsibility for the design, the execution and the technical supervision of the works. The ACCOR documents shall not be a substitute for the project drawings, specifications, technical notices and working drawings which shall be prepared by the CONSTRUCTORS. The documents produced by ACCOR, and the work for which they are appointed in order to integrate Brand criteria, shall in no way relieve the CONSTRUCTORS of their responsibilities or of the guarantees resulting from these responsibilities. Note: Accor has referenced specific equipment and/or suppliers. Please enquire from Accors country construction department for information applicable to your project.


1. - PREAMBLE

1.1. - PURPOSE AND SCOPE

The purpose of this document is to provide the detailed technical objectives and performance sought by Accor in the pools being built in their hospitality properties around the world. The document is intended to be used as a Clients guide for design professionals around the world knowledgeable in the various technical subjects required for pool construction. As such the scope of this document is limited to that of a Client Brief, with all ultimate design responsibilities remaining with the design professionals. The document addresses each technical trade separately, and any interaction as needed. Due to the international nature of this document, local regulations must be adhered to by design professionals, in all cases where these regulations might exceed or differ markedly from the recommendations herein.

1.2. - BASIC ASSUMPTIONS

The technical equipment proposed for use in pool operation is based on readily-available technology, which can be built, used and maintained in the farthest reaches of the globe. The pool filters most of its water via water treatment recycling systems, with make-up water used only to compensate for the effects of evaporation, backwash and other minor losses. The present document does not address open through flow pools, whether fresh or sea water based. Heating of pool water is applicable to most pools, including those under tropical climates. Omission of heating will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. For the purposes of the HVAC section, the pool is assumed to be indoors. All systems described herein assume that regular, professional-grade or near professional-grade maintenance is provided to keep the systems in optimal operation.

2. - GENERAL CONCEPT FOR POOL WATER

2.1. - INTRODUCTION

This document determines a generic specification for filtration of swimming pools and Spa type facilities within the Accor group of hotels. These recommendations set the guidelines for a standardised technical foundation for pool filtration specification within the group that guarantees optimal bather comfort both in terms of water quality and air quality. As a secondary benefit, respect for the specification will also ensure the durability over time of the structure of pool buildings and their infrastructure. Stability and reliability of systems will be guaranteed by optimal dimensioning of the component parts of the system in order to ensure simplicity of operation without the need to resort to sophisticated and unreliable equipment. Correct dimensioning at conceptual design stage is the only way of ensuring stable long term performance and will bring significant reductions in operational cost. Respect for the specifications defined in this document will further ensure the highest possible standards in terms of public health by guaranteeing

capacity for disinfection as well as freedom from bacterial contamination and the conditions which might support bacterial proliferation. Particular attention is paid to elimination of Cryptosporidia, and Giardia the cysts of which are resistant to chlorine. This document defines a basic foundation for pool systems design and also identifies a toolbox of additional components designed to further enhance performance in order to respond to more stringent local legislation or to specific circumstances e.g. open air pools. For prestige installations the toolbox will also offer the opportunity to achieve absolute optimisation of systems with unparalleled water quality, water clarity and visitor comfort. As a general rule optimisation of the system will also further improve efficiency, with each improvement bringing an additional reduction in operational cost.


2.2. - POOL LEGISLATION

Most European countries have legislation governing pool turnover, chemical dosing and water quality. In many cases air quality may also be monitored and controlled. Whereas there is a lot of common ground between pool legislation in different countries there are some dramatic differences with e.g. Germany and Switzerland being particularly strict on both filter specification and acceptable limits of combined chlorines. There are also differences between countries in the way that legislation distinguishes between private hotels and public swimming pools. This document deliberately takes the safe ground in terms of compliance with legislation and uses the rules as generally applied to public swimming pools. In cases where local legislation is particularly strict, use of the toolbox of optional additional components will ensure compliance with even the most stringent legal constraints. Responsibility for information and compliance with local legislation will nevertheless ultimately rest with the local architect and does not form part of the remit of this document. 2.3. - HEALTH AND SAFETY RISK ANALYSIS

All risks must be fully considered by the local design team in compliance with any local legislation that might apply. The main hazards relating to pool water conditions include: - Risk to bathers from disease resulting from ineffective disinfection. - Risk to bathers from disease resulting from ineffective flocculation. - Ineffective filtration arising from channelling of the filter bed. - Risks to bathers resulting from chemicals used in treatment systems. - Risk to bathers resulting from by-products of treatment chemicals as a result of system design errors or performance deficiencies. - Public health risks affecting the respiratory tract of bathers and similar occupational health risks to staff as a result of poor air quality resulting from high trichloramines, trihalomethanes and cyanogen chloride. It should be noted that cleaning chemicals, soaps and detergents in particular can completely de-stabilise pool disinfection systems. Good design and management of access routes to the pool will reduce these risks and care must also be exercised

in selection of cleaning products used in the vicinity of the pool. Use of chemicals for pool treatment carries associated storage and handling risks such as: - Explosion or fire arising from mixing of incompatible products such as chlorine products and organics. - Sudden release of chlorine gas as a result of mixing of Sodium hypochlorite, or CaHOCl with acids. - Irritation or burns from mishandling of chemicals. - Damage or other consequences of spillage In all cases local legislation for storage and handling of chemical products must be strictly adhered to. Risk of drowning will influence: - pool design and selection of fittings - security against unsupervised access to the pool area Most of the above risks can be mitigated if not virtually eliminated by good design although this will never be a substitute for training and good practise in pool management. Ultimately, it is the developers and his design teams responsibility to ensure that all risks have been considered and eliminated / mitigated as best as possible. 2.4. - ACCOR GROUP POOL PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

Safety, absence of red eyes and of the smell of chlorine will be consistent and reliable characteristics of swimming pools throughout the 'Accor' group. Primary performance criteria relate to chemical parameters and in particular to combined chlorines. In e.g. France and Spain the maximum permissible combined chlorine levels (measured by DPD3) are limited to 0.6mg/l. Combined chlorines however contain three components mono, di and tri-chloramines but only trichloramines are toxic and are responsible for the strong chlorine smell, bather discomfort and severe eye irritation that is characteristic of most chlorinated pools. 0.6mg/ml of trichloramines also results in a very pungent and uncomfortable pool environment. In Germany and Switzerland the combined chlorine limit is 0.2mg/l which is much more comfortable and will therefore be adopted as the primary performance objective in Accor group pools.


Free chlorine (measured by DPD1) which is the active component of chlorine required for efficient disinfection will be maintained at a level of 0.4 - 0.8mg/l max which will allow total chlorine levels of less than 1.0mg/ml. For efficient chlorine disinfection pH must be maintained at a level of 6.8 7.6 absolute maximum but preferably 6.8 7.2. N.B.: In some countries the minimum permissible level is 7.2. Both bacteria and algae require phosphates in order to survive. For this reason phosphates will be maintained at a level of less than 0.01 mg/ml or effectively below detectable levels. Most swimming pool environments are characterised by strong trichloramine smells. The presence of trihalomethanes and cyanogen chloride may also result from use of UV filters or the presence of UV light. THMs present a public and occupational health hazard and are often monitored by the health authorities whose statutory atmospheric limit is normally around 10mg/m. Accor group pools will avoid this eventuality by eliminating the production of both at source. The Accor group admissible level for combined chlorines will therefore be 0.2mg/l absolute maximum and 0.02mg/l or below for THMs in pool water. Water clarity in all Accor pools will be measured by turbidity which will be less than 0.2NTU at all times. Application of the system architecture, equipment selection and dimensioning criteria described in this document will ensure compliance with Accor group swimming pool water standards as follows:

Chemical Parameter Admissible level Total combined chlorine 0.2 mg/ml max Free chlorine 0.4 - 0.8 mg/ml max Total Chlorine < 1.0mg/ml pH 6.8 - 7.2 freshwater

6.8 - 7.8 seawater Redox potential >750mV if pH < 7.3 Phosphates 0.01 mg/ml max DS < 1,000 mg/ml Calcium hardness 75 250mg/ml Alkalinity 75 250mg/ml Isocyanuric acid 0 mg/ml Turbidity < 0.2NTU THM's in pool water < 0.01mg/l THM's in air < 10mg/m of air Chlorine consumption < 2 kg/1,000 bathers

(2g/bather) For pools with more than 50 bathers/day.

Microbiological parameter Aerobic bacteria viable at 37C :

< 100 CFU/ml

Aerobic bacteria viable at 22


described in System Schematic 2 section 2.7 should be applied. Further optimisation of both indoor and external pools is possible using the optimal system design as described in System Schematic 3 section 2.8. Optimisation of the system will further improve efficiency, clarity and visitor comfort, with each additional improvement sourced from the toolbox of

options bringing an incremental reduction in operational cost. Respect for the basic foundation criteria will nevertheless place Accor group pools in the most efficient category of public pools with chlorine consumption of less than 2kg per 1000 bathers. Operating costs in Accor group pools will also be amongst the lowest per bather per m of pool water of any pool of equivalent size.

2.6. - SYSTEM SCHEMATICS 1 - CONCEPTUAL SCHEMATIC FOR STANDARD ACCOR SPEC' INTERNAL POOL 1


2.7. - SYSTEM SCHEMATICS 2 - CONCEPTUAL SCHEMATIC FOR ACCOR SPEC' EXTERNAL POOL


A.

2.8. - SYSTEM SCHEMATICS 3 - OPTIMAL SYSTEM SCHEMATIC FOR ULTIMATE ACCOR SPEC' INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL POOLS


2.9. - APPLICABLE TECHNOLOGY

The technology used will be simple but robust technology that is available all over the world. The priority in equipment selection will be on:

- Primary dimensioning of equipment - Durability - Simplicity in operation

The selection of material makes reference to known international standards which are validated by certification. Accor group installations will be required to abide by these standards irrespective of the country in which they are installed. As an example of the advantages of this approach adherence to the DIN filter specification proposed will normally afford a 25 - 30 year lifespan for this equipment. The AFM filter medium can also be expected to last the lifespan of the filters. Use of sand, mixed bed media or non-certified crushed glass media in filters, or use of diatomaceous earth filters will result in either increased running costs and reduced stability and security and is therefore not recommended in Accor group pools. Ozone and/or UV filtered systems require more highly trained operatives and are also simply not necessary in a properly specified and dimensioned system. They will only complicate pool management and increase operating costs. Most countries specifically prohibit the use of any other disinfection method than chlorination in public pools. Chlorine, with appropriate flocculants, will therefore be the preferred disinfection method for use in all Accor group pools. Care must nevertheless be exercised to ensure that liquid chlorine used for pool disinfection is strictly chlorate free. If this is not available then use of a chlorine generator is the preferred option.

B.

2.10. - WATER TREATMENT PLANT ROOM SPACE REQUIREMENTS

The filtration plant room will preferably be in the immediate vicinity of the pool and have a floor level below the balance tank level, ideally at basement level, in order to ensure that pumps are flooded at all times. Technical areas should be generously dimensioned. As a broad rule of thumb the height of the room will be determined by the height of the filters plus 0.6 m for access plus provision for any pipework or other technical equipment. For typical DIN standard filters this translates to a height of :

- for filters of 0.75m 1.6m 0.7 x diameter + 3.1m - for filters of 1.6m 2.3m 0.4 x diameter + 2.3m

The surface area of the plant room will depend on the character of the various pools and on the turnover rate that is applicable. Example:

- for a hotel pool 20m x 5m x 1.35m deep => Turnover = 100 x 0.4 = 40m3/h: Turnover every 3.4 hours - for a spa of 2m => turnover = 5 x volume = 10m3/h.

The schematic plant room layout below is indicative of the plant room space requirement for the above typical sample pool. N.B. balance tanks and chemical storage area are not included.


The following access conditions to the plant room area should also be prioritised: - Easy every day access from outside for installation, repair and maintenance purposes. - Easy access from the pool area but with no possibility of direct public access. - Exceptional circumstances access via corridor, doorway or trap or, at the limits via a sacrificial non-structural wall, to allow removal and replacement of filters if required. - Access to adjacent chemical storage area. - Access to an adjacent 6m lab/control room area with water supply and sink for analysis monitoring and recording of data. - Easy access from the pool area.

A hose connection, floor drains and waste provision for backwashing of filters are essential requirements in design of the plant room. Full account must be taken of either instantaneous backwash flow requirements in calculation of drain capacity or the need for a buffer tank if drain capacity is insufficient. All filtration plant rooms should be equipped with conductivity probe alarms, at floor level to detect water and alert staff via the BMS system in case of flooding.

3. - POOL WATER SYSTEM CONCEPT 3.1. - MAKE-UP WATER TREATMENT

In most European countries current legislation obliges public pools to consume 30 litres of water for every bather entering the pool. This legislation is not however normally applicable in the context of hotel pools as bathers are not counted. A conventional system nevertheless usually consumes in excess of the 30 litre lower limit and water consumption is therefore normally a key factor impacting on operational costs. Where legislation allows the Accor group systems will be capable of running with water consumption of 15 litres per bather or less which will substantially reduce operational costs and, if they are required, will also significantly reduce the scale and cost of any pre-treatment system. High water consumption associated with conventional pool filtration often makes the use of borehole water or water from a source other than the mains an attractive proposition. In most cases however borehole water may either be very hard or potentially contaminated with iron or manganese. Although both can be dealt with relatively easily careful analysis of the options and associated costs is strongly advised. Even incoming mains water can be either more polluted than pool water, very hard, or otherwise

contaminated with phosphates or combined chlorine resulting from heavy chlorination and organic sedimentation in the pipes. In cases where:

hardness is in excess of 250mg/l of CaCO3 it may be worth considering either softening of incoming water or dosage of sodium bi-sulfate. For conversion of water hardness units, see: http://users.tinyonline.co.uk/chrisshort/waterhard.htm phosphate levels exceed 0.01mg/l phosphate removal and pre-filtration with small scale AFM filters is recommended. water is excessively either acidic or alkaline, pH correction of incoming water will be worth considering

For any borehole water source vacuum degassing and filtration of incoming water will almost certainly be necessary. The table below also suggests a range of standard responses to a range of pollutant concerns that might influence incoming water quality.


In all cases a series of samples of make-up water must be taken for analysis prior to construction to determine the need, or otherwise, for treatment of incoming water. If any parameter deviates significantly from the norms identified opposite then advice should be sought to determine the significance of the deviation from the norm and the corrective action that should be taken.

Parameter Units Action Suspended solids 0.5mg/ml fit 1 cartridge filters

COD 1mg/ml - water should be coagulated, flocculated + ZPM + AFM filtered at 250mg/ml - consider water softening Alkalinity as CaCO3 500

TDS Best to start with as low a TDS as possible. - marine systems will be around 35 ppt DPD1 free Cl 0.01mg/ml - NoPhos + AFM required Boron (B) 1.00 mg/l Cadmium (Cd) 0.005 mg/l Chromium (Cr) 0.05 mg/l Copper (Cu) 0.01 mg/l Iron (Fe) 0.05 mg/l If >0.01mg/ml - AFM filter incoming water Lead (Pb) 0.05 mg/l Manganese (Mn) 0.02 mg/l If >0.05mg/ml - AFM filter incoming water Mercury (Hg) 0.001 mg/l Nickel (Ni) 0.02 mg/l Selenium (Se) 0.01 mg/l Sodium (Na) 200 mg/l Zinc (Zn) 0.01mg/l Anions Cyanide (CN) 0.05 mg/l Fluoride (F) 1.5 mg/l Sulphate (SO4) 250 mg/l Ideally less than 100mg/ml Nitrate (NO3) 5 mg/l If > 5 mg/l then use DFM filtration Nitrite (NO2) 0.5 g/l Total phosphate as PO4-P 0.01mg/l require a zero phosphate condition Ortho-Phosphate as PO4-P 0.01 mg/l require a zero phosphate condition


Parameter Units Action

Microbiological parameters Escherichia coli 0 in 250 ml Enterococci 0 in 250 ml Pseudomonas aeruginosa 0 in 250 ml Clostridium perfringens 0 in 100 ml Coliform bacteria 0 in 100 ml Colony count 22C 100/ml Colony count 37C 20/ml Other parameters Acrylamide 0.0001

Benzene (C6H6) 0.001

Benzo(a)pyrene 0.00001

1,2-dichloroethane 0.003 /

Epichlorohydrin 0.0001

/

Pesticides 0.0001

Pesticides - Total 0.0005

/

PAHs 0.0001

Tetrachloroethene 0.01 mg/l Trichloroethene 0.01 mg/l Trihalomethanes 0.1 mg/l Vinyl chloride 0.0005


3.2. - POOL WATER FILTRATION

Filtration will be by conventional pressure media bed filters using AFM, or approved equal, electrically activated amorphous aluminosilicate glass as filter medium. The negative electrical charge on the filter media renders it incapable of supporting bacterial growth and therefore prevents bacterial contamination of the filters and the channelling/blocking of the filter bed that results. As 80% of the static organic load in a pool normally resides in the filters the absence of bacterial contamination of the filter results in a proportionate reduction in chloramines. As the biofilm excreted by these bacteria is the primary site of trichloramine production in the pool there is an even more dramatic drop in trichloramine levels. Neither UV filters nor ozone will be required to ensure compliance with legislation providing that the system is installed and operated in compliance with this generic system specification. 3.3. - COAGULANTS

NoPhos is a coagulant used to eliminate phosphates from the pool system in order to arrest bacterial and unicellular algal respiration on the pool walls pipework and grilles. Use of NoPhos or approved equal is recommended initially (normally for no longer than 2 months) during the commissioning phase of the pool to reduce phosphates to below detectable levels. Afterwards it is the flocculant, APF which also contains NoPhos that maintains them at this level. 3.4. - FLOCCULANTS

Use of flocculants is essential in order to remove dissolved organics from solution in the pool as well as to remove Cryptosporidium and Giardia. Oocysts of Giardia and Legionella are approximately 4 in size whereas the finest media bed filtration offers only 5 filtration. Flocculant use is therefore an essential prerequisite to removal of these potentially very dangerous organisms. For public health and safety reasons only the best quality multi-spectrum flocculants should be used. Dosing of APF (Advanced Poly-Floc) which combines both PAC (Poly-Aluminium Chloride) and NoPhos is strongly recommended. The resultant floc carries a positive charge which acts in synergy with the filter medium and is adsorbed onto its negatively charged surface. Facility for flocculant dosage will be provided via peristaltic dosing pumps feeding into a zeta potential mixer unit to be positioned immediately prior to the filters. The zeta potential mixer ensures

efficient flocculant use by ensuring rapid and complete mixing of the flocculant at the point of injection and by initiating the flocculation reaction. ZPM's placed before the filters must be connected to an electrical earth. 3.5. - OXIDATION CATALYST

An oxidation catalyst ACP (or ACO in some markets) can be used to further reduce chlorine demand and to improve organics' oxidation in high performance installations. It also progressively lays down a negatively charged coating on all surfaces in the pool making them resistant to bacterial contamination. In external pools, ACP also provides Active Catalytic Photoprotection against chlorine oxidation by UV light and is used as a substitute for isocyanuric acid. ACP requires activation either by ultrasound or by UV light and is normally injected via a second ZPM placed after the filters. ZPM's equipped with Ultrasound resonators are described as ZPMr's. 3.6. - DISINFECTION

Legislation in most countries requires the presence of a residual disinfectant capable of limiting the life of free bacteria in the water to less than 30 seconds in order to avoid bacterial infection by horizontal transmission between bathers. Chlorine is the only disinfectant that is universally accepted and approved for use in swimming pools throughout the world. In order to simplify systems use of liquid chlorine in the form of sodium hypochlorite or solutions of calcium hypochlorite are preferred (calcium hypochlorite in soft water areas). N.B. Simplification assumes the possibility of bulk delivery of sodium hypochlorite in cubitainers (1m) for direct connection of dosing pumps without the need for chemical handling. Systems will also comprise automated continuous dosage and monitoring of liquid chlorine and of pH+/pH- for disinfection and pH control. Use of chlorine generators that generate sodium hypochlorite from brine solution (Severn Trent SCT1 or SCT2 or approved equal) is recommended as a means of limiting the requirement for handling and storage of liquid chlorine and of avoiding the associated health and safety risks. A new generation of inline freshwater chlorinators is currently in development and will provide an even more economical solution by generating chlorine from the pool water itself without the need to add salt. These systems will be available from mid-2011.


3.7. - BACKWASH

Filters will be equipped for air scouring at 90m/hr. prior to backwash. Backwash will be carried out at minimum 45 m/hr. in order to ensure fluidisation of the bed and to achieve a minimum of 20% bed expansion during backwash (sand as filter medium would require a minimum 65m/hr in order to comply with DIN recommendations). Normal design criteria for AFM backwash duration is 5 minutes followed by 1 minute of rinsing. In practise 2-3 minutes of backwash time is normally sufficient. A flow meter will be installed prior to the filter in all circuits in order to monitor flow rates both during filtration and during backwash. An electrically-driven air compressor will be provided as an integral part of the backwash installation. 3.8. - FILTER MEDIUM

Sand will not reliably satisfy the performance requirements of this brief and will not therefore be acceptable as filter medium. Filtration medium will be AFM, or approved equal, electrically activated amorphous aluminosilicate glass with the following specific characteristics:

positive charge organic adsorption (OAD) number greater than 10 High surface electrical charge density Zeta potential > -70mv compliant with European Water Directive (98/83/EC) & (80/778/EEC) manufactured under ISO9001-2008 quality procedures Uniformity coefficient better than 1.5 Sphericity factor better than 0.8

For safety reasons only products certified for drinking water use under European Water Directive (98/83/EC) & (80/778/EEC) should be used.

3.9. - EQUIPMENT SIZING CRITERIA

3.9.1. - PUMPS:

All pumps will be corrosion resistant and equipped with a pre-filter with transparent inspection cover. Pumps configuration will be designed to satisfy both the full 45m/hr. flow requirement during backwash and the reduced 15m/hr. continuous running requirement during filtration. In the case of multiple filter units, backwash flows may be achieved using all pumps and only one filter at a time. In the case of single filters this requirement may be satisfied by use of either variable rate inverters to regulate the speed of the pumps or with the assistance of either secondary, standby pumps or specific backwash circuits. The use of standby pumps is not recommended for saltwater pools where salt crystallisation in any equipment at rest will cause accelerated wear of seals. In these cases, the use of variable rate inverters to allow shared duty pumps to run at 50% duty and to run at higher speed in case of any pump failure is recommended. N.B. Whereas variable rate inverters can be an expensive add-on, they will offer the opportunity for slower filtration rate during the night or during periods of sustained low usage and can offer resultant substantial operational cost savings. For this reason use of variable rate inverters is strongly recommended in all cases.


3.9.2. - FILTERS:

Filters will be sized for a filtration rate of 15 to an absolute maximum 18m/m/hr. across the filter bed. Only full DIN standard media bed filters (compliant with DIN 19605 and 19643) will be used for any filter equal to or greater than 1.4m. For filters less than 1.4m Calplas DPT/DPS range of filters with nozzle plate beds or approved equal specification will be accepted with a minimum bed depth of 1.0 metre. All filters will be nozzle plate bed filters equipped with lateral access hatch and window for inspection of the medium at the bed/water interface. Filters will further have a generously dimensioned volute (chamber above the bed) in order to allow room for minimum 20% expansion of the bed during backwash and to serve as a reaction chamber for efficient flocculation. Only vertical filters should be used, either in GRP or in steel with cathode protection. On no account should bobbin wound GRP filters or horizontal filters be used.

For saltwater applications only GRP DIN standard filters will be used with bolted connections or metallic components in 316L grade stainless steel. Each individual filter will be fitted with a five valve manifold and a sight glass integrated within the backwash line. Whereas automated valves and automation of the backwash sequencing is strongly recommended this is not a pre-requisite to attainment of the performance objectives. Wherever possible, backwash discharge should descend rather than rising from the outlet of the filter and should present zero head loss. If fitted, automated valves will either be pneumatically operated on 5 valve manifolds for larger filters or equivalent motorised 'Besco' type, or approved equal, valves for filters of 1.25m or less. In all cases the sequencing should be automated but the backwashing sequence should be manually triggered in order to ensure proper supervision at all times. Backwash valves must be normally closed in order to negate the risk of drainage of the pool or of flooding of the plant room in the event of power failure. Manometers will be installed to measure the pressure drop across the filter bed. Remote monitoring and recording of differential pressure is also recommended.


3.9.3. - ZPM UNITS:

316L grade stainless steel ZPM 'cavitator' units fitted with integral flocculant injection and earthing connections will be sized on the basis of a maximum 0.3 bar differential pressure drop across the unit which will be taken into account in dimensioning of the pumps. 3.9.4. - DOSING PUMPS:

The system will comprise automated monitoring and continuous dosage, using peristaltic pumps, of liquid chlorine for disinfection and pH+/pH- for pH control. All dosage pumps will be sized on the basis of a dosage rate of 1ml/m/hr. of water passing through the filtration system. 3.10. - POOL HYDRAULICS

Water inlets shall be arranged so that flows are distributed throughout the entire pool with overflows around the perimeter. Pools will normally be of 'level deck' configuration with horizontal overflow grilles around the perimeter of the pool. The overflow geometry will be arranged to avoid flooding of areas surrounding the pool. In the case of indoor pools, a switchover system will allow diversion of flows to the municipal foul drainage system to allow cleaning and disinfection of the areas surrounding the pool. In the case of external pools separate floor drainage and careful design of floor falls will ensure independent drainage of washdown from the areas that surround the pool. 3.10.1. - INLETS:

One pool inlet shall be provided for every 6m of pool surface area with inlets organised to ensure even distribution around the pool, to be verified by dye test. Inlets must be arranged so that no area larger than 4m (3m for pools less than 1.35m deep) is deprived of an inlet. For horizontal pool flow inlets shall be arranged along each of the longer opposing sides of the pool and staggered with spacing between nozzles no greater than of the pool width. A minimum nozzle pressure of 0.02 times the pool width in metres is required. Nozzles should be located about half way down the pool walls. Nozzles can be used to introduce both air and water in Spa pools where a minimum of 10% must be fed to the seat area of the pool. Inlet velocity should not exceed 1.5 to 2m/s except in the case of Spa massage jets.

3.10.2. - OVERFLOWS:

A uniform and continuous flow must be assured along the entire length of the overflow which must be level to within 2mm. Overflows are designed to accommodate both the filtered flow and instantaneous loads arising from displacement and swell generated by bathers. The overflow gratings will therefore serve to disguise a gutter with capacity to absorb instantaneous bather-generated displacement waves. The spacing between overflow cover grating bars shall be no more than 8mm. Pipework between the overflow and balance tank will be systematically over-dimensioned by a minimum 50%. 3.10.3. - OUTLET GRILLES:

At least two outlets should be fitted to each suction line. The outlets should be two to three metres apart or as remote from each other as possible to ensure that in the event of a bathers body or part of a body blocking one outlet then the other outlets would take the full flow ensuring that the bather is not held on the outlet. The size of the grille or outlet cover should be difficult, preferably impossible, to cover by a bathers body. Apertures should not exceed a gap of 8mm to avoid finger entrapment. Water flow in the vicinity of the grille should be a maximum of 0.5m/sec. N.B. the open areas are dependent on the size and type of apertures. Free open area may vary between 30 and 60% of the total surface area of the grille In areas where it is impossible to comply with the above (e.g. in Spa pools) anti vortex covers must be used. These have a domed, perforated top cover as well as a peripheral flow, under the dome and are therefore much more difficult to block. In all cases use of outlet grilles that are compliant with American standard ASME A112.19.8a-2008 is considered good practise. Even where these types of covers are fitted a minimum of two should be provided in each suction line and they must respect the 0.5m/s maximum velocity requirement even with one outlet blocked.


3.10.4. - WATER BALANCING TANKS:

A balancing tank, with overflow and access for cleaning and drainage and with water level lower than the pool, will be installed to compensate for fluctuations in water volume. The volume of the balancing tank must be equivalent to the volume of water displaced by bathers, plus swell, plus the backwash + rinse rate of the filters times the maximum duration of both. In the case of whirlpool baths the volume of the balancing tank may be as much as 2 times the volume of the tank. 3.11. - TEMPERATURE REGULATION

Typical Temperature Ranges will be as follows: a) Leisure Pool 27C to 29C b) Wading/Paddling Pool 28C to 30C c) Plunge Pool - Adjacent Saunas 16C to 20C d) Hot whirlpool baths 32 - 35C Heating will be via 316L grade stainless steel plate heat exchangers or shell and tube heat exchangers for smaller pools. For salt water pools all heat exchangers must be in titanium. In all cases bolts and fixings must be in 316L grade stainless. Heat exchangers will be sized for temperature increase of no more than 0.5C per hour. The primary heat source will normally be boiler fed but alternative heat sources such as solar panels, heat pumps etc. can also be considered and are strongly recommended where they can offer a long term economic advantage.

3.12. - BACKWASH RECYCLING MEMBRANE FILTRATION

Re-cycling and treatment of backwash water can be used in order to reduce water consumption in countries where legislation allows: There are two means of backwash recycling: a) re-treatment of backwash water for re-injection into the pool. b) re-treatment of backwash water for re-use as backwash water in sequential backwashes. Both offer similar water savings but for reasons of risk management only b) should be used in Accor pools. Re-treatment of backwash water for re-use as backwash water requires: c) addition of a decantation reservoir for collection of backwash water d) use of a membrane filter to filter water to sub-micron levels for recovery to a second, normally high level backwash water holding reservoir Water from the backwash holding reservoir is fed to the suction side of the pumps via automated changeover valves for each successive backwash cycle. Both tanks should be dimensioned to accommodate the maximum volume of water discharged by any single backwash cycle. The membrane filter is normally dimensioned in order to re-treat backwash water overnight so that backwash sequences on other filters can be programmed for the next day. A single backwash recovery system can cater for a series of filters on the same or on different circuits. Although the backwash recovery system will substantially reduce water consumption, unless a reverse osmosis system is used in addition to membrane filtration it is difficult to gain maximum advantage from the system as described. The advent of the in-line freshwater chlorinators referred to in section 3.6 will nevertheless very soon offer a complete and much more satisfactory response to this minor shortfall.


3.13. - BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORING

Continuous monitoring of flow rates, filter pressure, water consumption, free, total & combined chlorine & pH will be provided in all systems, with facility to interrogate past records over a minimum 3 year period. N.B. this can be either via dedicated local BMS equipment or by communication with the hotel's own central BMS facilities. Password protection will be provided to register the name of any technician intervening in the system and to record the nature of his intervention. A password access hierarchy will also enable remote access via internet by both staff and service technicians, to facilitate remote interrogation and problem solving as well as re-programming of any automated function. The BMS system will also provide a means of alarm surveillance and communication in the event of pump or equipment failure. An emergency stop button for all filtration equipment will be provided in all cases. The button will be located in the public area adjacent to the pool and will be clearly labelled and visible. Any activation of this button will trigger an audible alarm which will also be relayed to the hotel staff via the BMS system. A telephone link to emergency services shall also be provided. In cases where automatic sequencing of backwash valves is installed the BMS system will provide the means of programming of sequencing and timing of each phase. In all cases where automation is concerned the system will default to manual operation in the event of systems failure. In external pools or pools which use ultrasound as a means of detecting wave movement resulting from unsupervised access to the pool the BMS system can also be used as an interface for communication, registration of pool use and of raising the alarm in case of any object entering the pool.

3.14. - MANUAL ANALYSES, SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORING

Each pool facility must be equipped with a colorimetric analysis kit and suitable reactive agents for DPD 1, 2 and 3 analyses as well as pH and phosphates and any other analyses that may be required to satisfy local legislation. Equipment with facility for computer connection for downloading and registration of analysis data (e.g. Palintest pooltest 9 Premier) are strongly recommended. In cases where ACP is specified, DPD 3 analyses can be prone to interference resulting from the presence of metal ions. This problem can be overcome very simply by adding a very small quantity of EDTA to the water samples before carrying out the test, which is standard European protocol as per NF-EN ISO 7393-2. The procedure is as follows: Add 10g of di-sodium EDTA to 100ml of de-ionised water and mix with a glass or plastic stirring rod.

i. Leave to stand for 1 minute. ii. Add 1 drop of the solution to a 10ml of pool

water in a standard analysis tube iii. Mix and leave to stand for 1 minute iv. Add DPD3 reagent, place in the colorimeter

and follow the normal analysis protocol.. A complete record of all current and historical electronic and analysis data is a normal legal requirement in most countries for pools for public use. These records are also an invaluable tool for detecting trends, for troubleshooting and for problem solving.


3.15. - CHEMICAL STORAGE CONDITIONS

The following chemicals may be required to be stored:

i. Flocculant - (APF normally in 20kg drums Acidic pH 5.5).

ii. Phosphate coagulant - (No Phos - normally in 5 litre drums - Slightly Acidic pH 5.5).

iii. pH minus either hydrochloric acid or preferably sodium bisulphate - normally in 25kg drums.

iv. Photoprotective oxidation catalyst for all external pools or for optimal performance (ACP - normally in 20kg drums - pH 8 - 11).

v. pH plus - sodium bicarbonate - normally in 25kg drums for occasional correction only.

vi. 15% Sodium hypochlorite solution (in 1m cubitainers or 25kg drums, Alkaline ph >13) or calcium hypochlorite (dry crystals normally in 25kg drums)

vii. Salt for salt chlorinators if specified as an alternative to vi. - (normally in 25Kg sacs - must be kept dry). Items i to iii must be kept apart from items iv to vi and should ideally be on opposite sides of the storage area. The greater the separation between the extremes of pH, the better.

Storage rooms should be designated for chemical storage only. They should: be clearly marked and in secure areas with good fire separation, minimum hour. be accessible only by authorised employees. preferably be on the ground floor and accessible directly from outside. be cool, dry and well ventilated with hoseable surfaces and floor drainage. provide clean and dry storage for solid materials; to be raised off the ground on wooden platforms or on plastic pallets or in pallet tanks for protection when hosing down or in case of flooding. effectively segregate different chemicals, in storage and in use. (This is particularly important for hypochlorites and acids and for calcium hypochlorite and chloroisocyanurates and organic materials. Acids and alkalis should not be stored one above the other in case leakage or spillage causes them to mix accidentally). ensure where liquids are stored in bulk fixed tanks (including day tanks). These must provide non-porous bunding capable of holding 110% of the largest container within the bund. Similar bunding should be provided for portable containers (e.g. 25kg containers whilst in use and connected to dosing pumps). Bunded areas should be clearly marked. An eye wash station should be located just outside/adjacent to the chemical storage room.


4. - PLUMBING SYSTEMS CONCEPT

4.1. - PRIMARY HOT WATER HEATING

Primary Hot water is water generated by the HVAC equipment (HW boiler, HW booster, etc.) to supply heat to the primary side of Pool Water or Jacuzzi Water heat exchangers. Sizing of heating devices for pool heating will take into account the following parameters:

Water Volume Water Surface exposed to air Exposure to wind (outdoor pool) Exposure to sun (outdoor pool) Air temperature and humidity Presence of edge overflow features Ability to slow the pool filtration turnover rate at night

Heating devices will be generously sized to ensure reasonably rapid rises in temperature (not less than 1C every four hours). Heating devices will be sized to be able to maintain 30C water at all times special cases will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. Heat exchangers will be made from chlorine and salt resistant materials both on the inside and the outside of the device. Generally, the heat exchangers will be made of titanium and all small elements such as screws, bolts, etc. will be made of stainless steel 316L. Controls for Primary Pool Water heating will be based either on Fixed Flow / Variable Temperature on the Primary side of Heat exchangers or Variable

Flow. Care shall be taken to coordinate Primary side controls with secondary side sensors, particularly when involving separate contractors on either side of Heat Exchangers. Every motorized system will be fitted with an emergency stop button nearby, and always according to local regulations. 4.2. - HEAT RECLAIM

Whenever possible, heating for pools and Jacuzzis shall be derived from reclaimed heat from cooling systems or any other source of reclaimed heat. Care shall be taken to size heat exchanges based on actual entering and leaving temperatures of primary hot water. The use of solar based hot water heating shall be explored whenever possible. 4.3. - PLUMBING SERVICES FOR POOL WATER NEEDS

Plumbing service for Pool Water needs shall be coordinated with the Pool specialist. These services will consist as a minimum of:

Water make-up for pool and Jacuzzi systems Water outlets with non-return valve, manual valve and hose bib for cleaning of chemicals and technical rooms in each pool equipment room Floor drain in each pool equipment room Evacuation system for backwash water


5. - HVAC SYSTEMS CONCEPTS 5.1. - GENERAL

The following description of the concept for HVAC technical installations shall apply in principle to all ACCOR group pools worldwide. In all cases, rules and recommendations enumerated below should be adapted and amended based on local conditions. Air conditioning is necessary in all cases to offset internal loads, including the dehumidification of the swimming pool room based on the type of basin and the ambient temperature. In addition, it is necessary to comply with the standards, requirements and local regulations in the course of the project design, in particular regarding articles and laws relating to life safety, energy, and comfort standards. The handover of the work shall include all traceable measurements of temperature, humidity, internal and external sound pressure levels obtained on site. Additional capacity for equipment will be provided as follows, in addition to the requirements listed in this document: 10% of excess capacity on all cooling and heating coils for air handling units 10% overcapacity on all fans, unless technical infeasibility 10% overcapacity on all ductwork, in case "free-heating"* devices are used, fresh air ducts will be sized for full flow.

* "free heating" consists in using outdoor air as much as possible when temperature and humidity conditions are suitable, in order to reduce energy consumption related to dehumidification and reheat of supply air.

5.2. - OUTDOOR WEATHER CONDITIONS

Outdoors conditions to be taken into account for the sizing of equipment and for general load calculations, will be the most demanding conditions amongst the following data: weather conditions described by ASHRAE, 2% deviation extreme weather data published by the meteorological services or trade associations of the region concerned. Example of outdoors conditions: Winter: outdoor conditions - 7 C, 80% RH. Summer: outdoor conditions + 32 C, 40% RH. Wind: Wind force class on site In all cases, the design engineer will be asked to justify his choices via calculations, in particular as regards the calculation of air infiltration in the pool room. 5.3. - INTERNAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

Comfortable indoor climate conditions will be maintained constant night and day in the swimming pool room. Temperature and humidity conditions during periods of occupation:

Space Designation

Temperature ( C) dry bulb / Relative Humidity

Pool Room 28C Maximum 65 % Minimum uncontrolled Observation: In an effort to limit the phenomenon of water evaporation from the swimming pool, the air temperature will be maintained up to 1C higher than the temperature of the water. The temperature of the water will be not less than 27C in order to ensure the comfort of users


Temperature and humidity conditions in Thalassotherapy :

Space Designation

Temperature (C) dry bulb / Relative Humidity

Pool Room 28C Maximum 65 % Minimum uncontrolled

Other rooms 26C Uncontrolled Minimum non contrl

Observation Water temperature in relaxation pools associated with Thalassotherapy will be between 28C and 29C. Water temperature in treatment pools will be 34C. Depending on the geographical areas and specific requests, the local design engineer will carry out site-specific designs on the above basis (see previous table). Generally, in a swimming pool hall, a large amount of moisture is released into the ambient air. This is why it is necessary to artificially and efficiently control the level of humidity in the air. Too much moisture in the air causes discomfort to the occupants, but also a deterioration of buildings due to the appearance of condensation inside the premises, especially in winter. Therefore, it is expressly asked of the design engineer to ensure that the level of ambient humidity cannot cause condensation on the walls. For this purpose, the design engineer must verify that the thermal insulation thickness provided is sufficient. For example, in the case where ambient conditions are 28C / 65% RH, the phenomenon of condensation will appear on a wall whose surface temperature is below 19C. 5.4. - EXTERNAL HEAT LOADS

Will be considered as external heat loads in the room:

contributions by conduction through walls (inside or outside walls) solar radiation heat loads fresh air heat loads air infiltration heat loads

Note: heat load calculations will be carried out by the design engineer on the basis of software approved by local or international standards (example CLIMAWIN software certified by the CSTB).

5.5. - INTERNAL HEAT LOADS

Would be considered internal heat loads in the local:

contributions by lighting, contributions by occupants, pool water evaporation contributions, contributions by electrical equipment or equipment releasing heat (such as televisions, etc.).

Note: a heat load calculation will be carried out by the design engineer on the basis of software approved by local or international standard (example: CLIMAWIN software certified by the CSTB). 5.6. - AIR VELOCITY Air velocity in the pool room air shall not exceed the limits laid down by the local regulations. It will be in no case greater than 0.10 m/s up to 1 metre above the basin and 0.15 m/s at 2 metres above the basin. Particular attention will be paid to the diffusion of air in the room:

the blowing of air will never be done on users in order not to generate discomfort. For this purpose, the design engineer will provide a CFD study to be presented to ACCOR to confirm the comfort level in the pool hall,

The dry hot supply air will be ideally supplied in the vicinity of walls so that part of the flow of air warms cold areas that are most likely to create condensation and discomfort to customers because of the cold wall effect. The air return will be it on the opposite side to the supply to obtain effective sweeping of the room. In all cases, the selection of diffusers shall ensure a velocity of almost zero at pool height to limit the phenomenon of basin evaporation. 5.7. - EXTERNAL NOISE CONDITIONS

Equipment or duct noise emerging outside shall not exceed leading the level defined by the regulations and local standards. Day and night, all facilities will respect in all cases a 40 dB(A) at 10 metres maximum noise level in all directions. 5.8. - INTERNAL NOISE LEVEL

The level of sound pressure in the pool room due to the technical installations will not exceed in any way 35 dB (A).


5.9. - FRESH AIR AND EXTRACT AIR FLOW RATES

Swimming Pool Hall With regards to physiological conditions, the rate of fresh air per person will be 30 m/h, with a minimum hourly renewal of 1.5 times the volume of the room. As for air extraction, it will be at least 2 volumes/hour or 130% of the fresh air flow rate, to ensure air depression in the swimming pool hall. The air flow rate in the swimming pool hall will therefore be 2 volumes/hour in the case of 100% fresh air operation. Changing Rooms, Showers and Toilets The air extraction rate in the toilets and showers will be as follows:

Toilet extraction: 45 m3/h per toilet Washhand basin extraction : 10 m3/h + 5 m3/h x N, where N is the total number of washhand basins in the room considered Shower extraction: 30 m3/h + 15 m3/h x N, where N is the total number of showers in the room considered. Fresh air supply in the changing rooms: 80% of the total extraction in the associated toilets and showers

The slight extraction in the changing room area will always induce a negative pressure that is lesser than in the pool hall, so that the pool hall remains under negative pressure when compared to the changing rooms. The pool hall and the associated changing rooms and toilets will therefore be subjected to infiltration from adjacent areas and/or from outdoors, depending on the room configuration and the air tightness quality of construction. 5.10. - FILTRATION DEGREE AND AIR QUALITY

On air-handling equipment (heat pumps, AHU, etc.) fresh air will be filtered via 2 successive filters:

coarse filtration: EU4 fine filtration: EU7

In regions with high pollution (e.g. airports) allow for activated carbon filters with corresponding pre filtration (minimum EU 10). Air returned to the room is filtered through a EU4 Class filter.

5.11. - DESCRIPTION OF VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING CONCEPT

5.11.1. - GENERAL

The swimming pool hall will be ventilated and heated via a dedicated heat pump achieving supply and return at an adequate level of air renewal. The heat pump will have "free-heating" as well as heat reclaim on the return air in order to reduce energy consumption. Reversible "Split" type units will be installed in changing rooms and ancillary accommodation. The units will be ceiling-mounted ducted type units. Indoor units will provide air conditioning and heating of premises. Changing rooms and ancillary premises will also be ventilated by a supply and exhaust ventilation system independent from that of the swimming pool hall. The technical premises will be ventilated by a supply and exhaust system and heated above freezing. In all cases, no access hatch in ceilings of the pool hall can be allowed. Thus no terminal unit or device requiring any intervention (such as volume dampers) will be provided in the false ceiling of the pool hall. 5.11.2. - AIR HANDLING UNIT

The swimming pool hall will be treated by a heat pump with supply and return whose functions are as follows:

dehumidify the pool hall, heat the pool hall provide hygienic fresh air in the room. participate in the heating of the pool via plate heat exchangers

Principle of operation Dehumidification will be provided via the refrigerating cycle of the heat pump associated with a cross flow plate heat exchanger. The latter will achieve the preliminary heat recovery on fresh air, thus achieving energy savings and reducing the size of the compressor. Return air from the room will be dried via pre-cooling on the plate heat exchanger and final cooling on the evaporator. Heat recovered on the evaporator will be sent on the supply air side via the condenser in order to warm dehumidified air. When the ambient room temperature is sufficiently warm, excess heat from the refrigerating cycle is then sent on the basin water via a water cooled condenser.


This machine will operate with supply and return air and an air-cycle economizer on the fresh air allowing mixing of return with fresh air from 0 to 100%, through a three-way motorized damper mixing plenum. The mixing plenum will also introduce fresh air quantities as necessary for hygiene standards and removal of stale air. Air flow rate The heat pump heating and cooling capacities will be sized based on the gains and losses defined in the preceding paragraphs. The supply and return fans will be sized to ensure an air flow rate between 2 and 5 volumes/hour, this depending on the actual water treatment being used, and in particular the minimization of chloroform generation at the water surface. In practice, the air flow rate will be 5 volumes/hour in the case of traditional water treatment. This air flow rate will be able to be reduced to 2 volumes/hour, should it be allowed by the water treatment quality, the low rate of chlorine in the water and the absence of chloroform at the water surface. Thus the supply and return fans will be provided with variable frequency drives. In all cases, the rate of air extracted from the pool hall will be greater than the supply air rate, in order to achieve the negative pressure described in paragraph 9.9. If the air flow rate is reduced to 2 volumes/hour, the three-way damper of the heat pump will be placed in the 100% Fresh Air position. Note n 1: For Thalassotherapy pools with water jets, the air change rate will never be less than 10 volumes per hour. For pools without any jet, the air change rate will be identical to that of conventional pools, i.e. between 2 and 5 volumes per hour, depending on the water treatment quality of the pool. Note n 2: In some countries where the summer is particularly warm, and generally where external or internal gains are very important, the temperature of 28C ambient will be exceeded. In this case, the supply air will not be heated after dehumidification to ensure air conditioning of the swimming pool room.

Composition of the heat pump The heat pump will be composed of the following elements (in the direction of the air): On the supply air side

Fresh air filter EU4 Fresh air filter EU7 Motorised damper Fresh Air Motorised damper for recirculated air Motorised damper for cross flow heat exchanger DX Condenser coil Fan Reheat coil

On the return air side

Return air filter EU4 Extract fan Motorised damper for cross flow heat exchanger DX evaporator coil Spill air motorised damper

Technical characteristics of the heat pump The heat pump will have to satisfy the following conditions:

Minimum COP of 3 under the basic design criteria defined in the paragraphs above, The heat pump including the whole of its equipment will be protected from corrosive ambient conditions. The body of the machine will be protected with an epoxy film and the coils will be treated to withstand aggressive conditions (ex: blygold layer). The plate heat exchanger with cross flow will be of a minimum effectiveness of 60% under the conditions defined in the paragraphs above, The heat pump envelope will be equipped with 50 mm glass wool soundproofing insulation The heat pump fans will be low consumption. Their electrical power consumption will be less than 0.2 W/ m3/h at nominal flow The heat pump will have on-board autonomous controls which will support all indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data. The on-board controls will automatically adapt the air dampers for fresh air, recirculation and spill, as well as the operation of the compressor and reheat coil to optimize the electrical power consumption of the whole unit


Additional heat pump equipment condensate recuperation vibration isolators condenser water loop, including pumps controls and piping water-cooled condenser Devices for regulation, control, monitoring and isolation for proper operation and maintenance. An emergency Power-Off device will be provided next to all rotating equipment in compliance with applicable regulations Flexible ductwork connections between motorized equipment and rigid ducts

5.11.3. - EXTRACTION

Depression will be achieved in the pool room so that pool smells do not diffuse in adjacent rooms. The depression will be of approximately one half volume/hour and will be achieved by the heat pump. Air spill will be ducted to the outside. Sound traps will be provided on extract and spill ductwork. The changing rooms will be extracted via the adjacent showers and toilets and will be provided with fresh air supply. Heat reclaim will be provided on the shower and toilet extract. This will be achieved via a double plate heat exchanger across fresh air and extract with a minimum efficiency of 60%. 5.11.4. - AIR DIFFUSION

Supply and return air grilles will be preferably linear type slot. All will be integrated into the architectural concept and will be selected in collaboration with the Interior architect. Grilles will be selected to avoid air drafts and to keep acoustics within above-mentioned limits. Given the great heights in the pool room, balancing registers will be installed in accessible technical areas or adjacent technical premises. In some cases, there will be a need to provide an equalizing grid (mattress filters Amer-glass type) upstream from the diffusion surface.

Supply air will be ducted on linear diffusers mounted preferably in the false ceiling. Return air to be picked up by grilles mounted on a return air plenum. All grilles and diffusers requiring maintenance will be located in such a way so they are not above the pool water area. Supply and return air ducts will be equipped with sound traps Supply air ductwork will be insulated. Materials selected for ducts and equipment will be compatible with swimming pool ambient air, especially with chlorinated fumes. 5.11.5. - CONTROLS

PID (proportional integral derivative) controls assisted by microprocessor will be used to maintain a precise temperature while optimizing power consumption. The following equipment will be provided as a base:

Ambient atmosphere probe external probe probe for internal and external humidity

5.11.6. - ANCILLARY AND TECHNICAL ROOMS

Changing rooms and ancillary rooms will be provided with ventilation and extraction. Fresh air will be renewed at a rate of 2 ACH. Fresh air will be preheated to ambient temperature in the winter. Fresh air will be cooled in the summer via a chilled water coil integral to the AHU, when it will be possible to obtain chilled water from an existing chiller or from other zones of the hotel. Heating and cooling will be provided via interior air to air heat pumps. Technical rooms will be ventilated and extracted. Fresh air will be renewed on the basis of 1 ACH. Fresh air will be heated to ambient temperature in the winter however will not be cooled in the summer. Technical rooms will be neither heated nor cooled. Only a frost protection heating convector will be installed in such rooms.

Typical example of dehumidifier with indication of warm air production in winter mode


5.11.7. - TESTING AND COMMISSIONING

The following services and documents shall be provided as a minimum to prove the correct installation and the proper operation of the mechanical and electrical equipment associated with the pool facility: 1 Testing / Commissioning records for large equipment Exchangers Pressure maintenance sets Air handling units or heat pumps Extract fans Lifting pumps 2 - Heating and Cooling production and pipe networks Pressure drop checks across exchangers Pressure drop checks across hydraulic filters Verification of each heat exchanger capacity Hydraulic network disinfection report 3 -- Expansion and pressure maintenance Pressure maintenance verification Tests of safety valves 4 -- Air handling Units and Heat pumps Tests for interlock stops (smoke detection) Antifreeze test Air flow rate measurements Water flow rate measurements demonstrating the proper balance of the systems Measurements of supply and return water temperature to coils Measurements of supply and return air temperature 5 Ducts and grilles Air flow rate at each grille (supply and exhaust) 6 Fire dampers Operation of auxiliary contacts for signalling, fire control, alarm, etc.

7 -- Power and earthing Earthing and isolation for all equipment, pipes and ducts Emergency power-off devices for each equipment 8 -- Controls, interlocks and BMS Point-by-point proving of BMS interface Integrated system tests with all trades to prove each BMS point 9 Internal temperature measurements Internal temperature will be measured with thermographs placed at a height of 1.5m above ground, at the centre of each room (1 measurement for each surface of 25 m2) Ambient temperature will be measured in winter and summer during extremes of weather (external temperature approaching the maximum and minimum defined elsewhere in the present document) 10 Interior air velocity Interior air velocity will be measured at a height of 1.5m above ground at the centre of each room ( 1 measurement for each surface of 25m2) 5.11.8. - LINKS WITH THE GLOBAL BMS FOR THE HOTEL

As a minimum, the reporting onto the BMS will be done for the common alarms of each piece of technical equipment pertaining to mechanical, plumbing, electrical or extra-low voltage associated with the pool, in order to signal any malfunction and alert the maintenance team. Remote control of equipment will be limited to clock-driven operation as discussed above.


5.12. - HVAC EQUIPMENT LIST

In the following paragraphs, the brands indicated in bold have to be selected in priority 5.12.1. - DEHUMIDIFIER

CIAT TRANE CARRIER DANTHERM GEA HAPPEL FLAKT WOODS SWEGON 5.12.2. - SPLIT SYSTEMS

CIAT TRANE CARRIER MITSUBISHI DAIKIN

5.12.3. - VENTILATION UNITS

CIAT TRANE CARRIER SYSTEMAIR FRANCE AIR GEA HAPPEL ALDES 5.12.4. - DIFFUSERS AND GRILLES

TROX HALTON PANOL SYSTEMAIR GRADA 5.12.5. - CONTROLS EQUIPMENT

SIEMENS KIEBACK ET PETER


6. - ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS CONCEPT

6.1. - GENERAL

All systems shall be designed in order to protect users and maintenance crews from any danger in use or during maintenance procedures. 6.2. - EQUIPMENT

All equipment requiring maintenance (lights, music speakers, etc.) will be located away from locations difficult to access due to water bodies 6.3. - ELECTRICAL SUPPLY

Electrical supply will be provided in the main pool plant room for each MCC or Controls board. If power quality is an issue, consideration should be given to surge arrestors and voltage stabilisers. 6.4. - ELECTRICAL CABLES AND CONNECTIONS

Electrical cables shall be rated for their environment (aggressive chemical or exterior) as needed. Connections shall be watertight in all areas where water is present. 6.5. - MAIN ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION BOARD

The main electrical board shall be located in the main pool plant room to allow direct visual contact with pumps, electric valves, aerators, etc. The board shall be installed off the ground to ensure no damage in the event of a major leak in the pool plant room. All constitutive elements of the board shall be rated for humid and aggressive chemical environments. Boards for HVAC or plumbing equipment will be located in close proximity to said equipment and rated according to the room where they are located.

6.6. - CONTROLS

Controls for the pool equipment will be located in the pool room, ideally within the electrical board dedicated to the pool equipment. Pool equipment controls will be driven from a dedicated PLC with BMS connection as described in the Pool System section above. Other controls will be located in the vicinity of the equipment they serve (HVAC, Plumbing, Lighting, etc.). Lighting controls for the pool area will be located away from the public, outside the pool room proper, ideally in a location with a view on the pool room. 6.7. - LIGHTING

Pool water lighting will be carried out via LED sources. Lighting sources for the pool room will be chosen to minimise energy spending and provide harmonious even lighting in all areas. Light sources shall not be directly visible from any point of the pool area. 6.8. - EMERGENCY LIGHTING

Emergency lighting shall be provided in all areas to ensure orderly egress in the event of a power cut. Emergency lighting shall be battery-backed with remote testing facility. 6.9. - TELEPHONE LINE

A telephone line will be provided in each technical room to allow calls to emergency services.


7. - ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS BASICS

7.1. - PROTECTION FROM ELECTRIC SHOCKS

The human body sensitivity to electricity makes necessary to inc

Documents

ACC_WE_DB3250_Swimming Pools Technical Services Std 1-0 Aug 11