Access Audit Checklist Feb 2000

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ACCESS AUDIT CHECKLIST

Access for disabled people

in healthcare premises

NHS in Scotland, P&EFE, February 2000


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NHS in Scotland Property and Environment Forum Audit Form February 2000 Page 2

Contents

Introduction Page 4

A: External Approach Page 111 External Approach2 External Change in Level: Ramp3 External Change in Level: Steps

B: Entrance and Reception Page 32

4 Entrance5 Reception

C: Horizontal and Vertical Circulation Page 436 Corridor 7 Internal Ramp

8 Internal Staircase9 Lift10 Platform Stairclimber Lift11 Vertical Platform Lift

D: Internal Spaces Page 73

12 Internal Door 13 Internal Space

14 Wards and Treatment Areas15 Catering and Refreshment Areas

E: Sanitary Facilities Page 8916 Accessible WC - Ambulant

17 Accessible WC - Standard Layout18 Accessible WC - Peninsular Layout19 Changing Facilities - Cubicle20 Accessible Shower21 Accessible Bathroom

F: Signage and Information Page 127 22 Signage

G: Evacuation and Management Page 13123 Means of Escape

H: Customer Care Page 135 24 Customer Care

I: Implementation Page 138 25 Implementation Considerations


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J: Appendices Page 141

A Access Action Summary SheetsB Points Scoring SystemC The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (DDA)D ReferencesE Advisory Organisations

Acknowledgements

The National Health Service in Scotland Property and Environment Forum thanks Norman Raitt Architectsfor their contribution to the revision and production of this publication.


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NHS IN SCOTLANDProperty and Environment Forum Access Audit Checklist

Access for disabled people in healthcare premises

Background

This Access Audit Checklist, produced by the NHSiS Property and Environment ForumExecutive on behalf of the Scottish Executive, is a version of a checklist originally developedby the NHS Executive in England to enable all health service providers to audit theaccessibility of their premises. It provides a consistent baseline standard which aims to

improve the quality of access for disabled people.

NHS MEL (1998) 80 gave advance notification of the preparation of the audit tool and of the steps NHSiS providers need to take to ensure that they meet the requirements of Section 21 of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995. The audit tool should be used inconjunction with Good Practice Guide “Equality for disabled people in the NHS in Scotland – Access to services” issued by the Scottish Executive Health Department.

Distribution

General Managers, Health BoardsChief Executives of NHS Trusts

Using the Access Audit Checklist

The Access Audit Checklist uses the concept of Inclusive Design, which endeavours toensure that the built environment is not disabling to those who use it. Users will includepeople with physical, sensory and cognitive impairments which may be progressive,intermittent or permanent. In the NHSiS, it will also include people who may be

temporarily disabled. An accessible environment benefits everyone, including people whouse wheelchairs, older people and families, particularly those with young children.

The Checklist is designed to be used across all healthcare buildings, from GP surgeries tomajor hospitals. This will be particularly relevant when providers are considering actionthey need to take to comply with the requirements of Section 21 of the DDA.

The aim of the Checklist is to help providers assess whether it is impossible or unreasonably difficult for the public to access services and to identify areas whereremedial action is required. Annex C contains a brief outline of the DDA. It can also beused as a tool for ensuring that new buildings and refurbishments are fully accessible.


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The Checklist covers access to areas of healthcare premises where disabled people arelikely to go as a patient, visitor or employee. For example, arriving at the site, calling atreception areas, refreshment areas, clinics, consulting areas, wards and administrativeareas.

The Checklist provides a benchmark to highlight areas which need to be addressed.These should then be prioritised and incorporated into an Access Action Plan which

should be part of a management strategy for improving access to services for disabledpeople. These might either be integrated with other work programmes or be singleprojects.

Standard

The Checklist takes as its basis Parts E, M and S of the Technical Standards for compliance with the Building Standards (Scotland) Regulations 1990 as amended (1993-1999) (Facilities for Disabled People and Means of Escape). Parts E, M and S specifyapproved access standards applying to new or substantially reconstructed buildings and

extensions. Many buildings do not meet these standards. In testing the access audit toolin a variety of healthcare settings in England, NHS Estates showed that 75% of toiletfacilities did not meet the requirements of Part M of the English Building Regulations.Healthcare facilities in Scotland are likely to demonstrate a similar level of compliance withPart M of the Scottish Building Standards.

Parts E, M and S are statutory and require minimum access standards, but do not address

all the elements required for an inclusive environment. This Checklist covers additionalelements considered to be good practice over and above Parts E, M and S.

There is no obligation to adopt the “deemed to satisfy” specifications of Parts E, M and S if the access requirements are equally well met in some other approved way. However, inthe absence of other approved standards and for consistency of auditing, Parts E, M andS standards are taken as the baseline in this Checklist.

Many newer adapted or refurbished healthcare premises will incorporate the accessrecommendations in Health Building Note 40 - Common Activity Spaces – available from

The Stationery Office. Health Building Note 40 expands on the recommendations of PartsE, M and S and applies more specifically to access design in healthcare premises, but isnot mandatory.

Diagrams illustrating the requirements of Parts E, M and S and Health Building Note 40are included in the Checklist for reference.

When auditing healthcare premises, both Parts E, M and S and Health Building Note 40layouts may be encountered. As a general guide, Parts E, M and S are the regulatory

baseline standard and will apply more to the public reception and outpatients areas whereindependent access is anticipated. Health Building Note 40 will extend to the clinical andmedical areas where assisted as well as independent access is anticipated and wherethere is a higher degree of dependency.


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Audit Strategy

The audit should follow a logical sequential journey following how people arrive at, enter,move around, use and leave the buildings(s) starting from the site perimeter andprogressing through car parking areas, pedestrian routes, building entrances, receptionareas, information, delivery, horizontal and vertical circulation routes, internal spaces,facilities and exits.

Every building varies and auditing a small GP practice in a suburban setting will besubstantially different to auditing a major NHSiS Trust Hospital with different buildings onseveral sites.

It is desirable to obtain floor plans of the building for ease of reference and identification of the areas being surveyed.

The Checklist should preferably be carried out by a suitably competent survey teamfamiliar with access and disability issues and with Parts E, M and S of the BuildingStandards (Scotland) Regulations. Suitably qualified professional access consultants can

be sourced through the organisations listed at Appendix E. Advice can also be obtainedfrom the NHS in Scotland Property and Environment Forum Executive.

It is advisable to consult with the Local Authority Access Officer and local Access Group or Disability Organisation. This is valuable in highlighting access consideration from the user perspective and for ensuring a comprehensive approach to their concerns.


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Using the Checklist

1. The details form on the front page of the Checklist should be completed in everycase, in particular the date of the survey.

2. Depending on the nature and function of the building, not all sections of theChecklist will apply and those sections which do not can therefore be omitted.

3. Some buildings will contain more than one of the same element, for example morethan one lift. A separate duplicated section of the Checklist should be used for each.

4. Where there are large numbers of recurring elements such as doors, a matrix formis provided for ease of auditing. Matrix forms are only provided for those sectionslikely to have a large number or recurring elements. It is only necessary to recordthose elements which do not comply with access standards.

5. All questions on the Checklist should be completed where relevant with a tick in the

“Yes”, “No” or “Not Applicable” boxes. “Not Applicable” signifies that the elementreferred to in the question either does not exist or is irrelevant. One of the threeboxes should always be ticked. Space is available for additional commentsadjacent to each question.

6. Questions which relate directly to Parts E, M and S of the Building Standards(Scotland) Regulations are in bold text and the tick boxes in the Parts E, M and Scolumn are shaded.

7. Relevant diagrams illustrating the requirements of Parts E, M and S of the BuildingStandards (Scotland) Regulations and from Health Building Note 40 are included atthe end of each section for reference and for checking setting-out dimensionswhere necessary.

8. On completion of the Checklist, a summary sheet should be drawn up to form thebasis of an Access Action Plan, listing and prioritising the remedial action to betaken for each section. Access action summary sheets are included at Appendix A.Many small access improvements can be carried out relatively easily, at little or nocost.

9. There is an optional scoring system which can be used to indicate access priorities

within a building or across a range of buildings within the same management. Thepoints scoring system is described at Appendix B.


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Implementation

The access audit tool is not an end in itself. The results should be used as a basis for identifying and prioritising access improvements over a rolling programme, many of whichcan be included within routine maintenance and refurbishment works as part of the overalldevelopment plan for healthcare premises.

A time-tabled strategy of progressive access improvements should be developed endingin 2004 when implementation of the physical access requirements of Section 21 of theDDA comes into force.

Opportunities for improving access provision occur through:

• New Build Projects;

• Refurbishment Projects;

• Maintenance Works;

• Other Projects such as Fire Safety or Health and Safety Improvements;

• Simple Improvements such as the provision or renewal of equipment and fittings.

The findings from the Checklist may look daunting but much can be achieved throughsmall access improvements when budgets and resources are too limited to fund major access alterations. These might include selecting suitable colour contrasts whenredecorating to help people with visual impairments identify a doorway or make quieter areas available for hearing impaired people.

It is important that the Access Audit Checklist is the responsibility of a designated

Manager who also has responsibility for disability issues in the Trust, and that proceduresare in place so that when any work takes place, the Designers, Project Teams and Contractors are fully aware of the Checklist and that access needs are fully understood.Providers should consider nominating a person or gatekeeper within premises specifically responsible for coordinating and monitoring access issues.

In the case of leased premises there should also be a nominated person acting on behalf of the Landlord and any access improvements should be agreed with the Landlord prior tocommencement.

The local authority Access Officer and Building Control Inspector should be consulted

where appropriate to ensure that the works comply at least with Parts E, M and S of theBuilding Standards (Scotland) Regulations.

If the premises are listed or of special architectural merit, consent will be required to carryout any alterations. “Access to the Built Heritage” published by Historic Scotland givesappropriate guidance.

Prior to commencement of the works, all contract documentation should be check by asuitably competent person to ensure access compliance. Spot checks and review of access requirements should also be carried out during the progress of the works to ensurethere is no deviation from the specification.Prior to handover of the works, all access elements should again be checked by a suitablycompetent person to ensure compliance.


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Following handover, the relevant parts of the premises should be re-audited using theChecklist. If the premises have already been scored using the points system, a new scoreshould be calculated. This will permit monitoring of progressive access improvements over time.

This Checklist has been based on an NHS Executive publication entitled “Access toHealth Services Premises: Audit Checklist” which was in turn developed from “Access

Audits - A guide for appraising the accessibility of buildings for disabled users” published by the Centre for Accessible Environments and from other documents acknowledged at Appendix C.

It is recommended that this Checklist is read in conjunction with “Designing for Accessibility” available from the Centre for Accessible Environments, SHFN 14 “Disability Access” and SHFN 20 “Access Audits for Primary Healthcare Facilities” both availablefrom the Property and Environment Forum Executive.

The diagrams indicated in the Checklist are from the following documents which arecopyright.

• “Technical Standards for compliance with the Building Standards (Scotland)Regulations 1990 (fifth amendment)”;

• NHS Estates. Health Building Note 40 - Common Activity Spaces (5 Volumes). (Note:Volume 5 is the Scottish Appendix.)

This Checklist is for use within the NHS in Scotland and is not for sale or publication.


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NHS IN SCOTLAND PROPERTY AND ENVIRONMENT FORUM

ACCESS AUDIT CHECKLIST

Date of Survey

Name of Health Authority

Name and Address of Healthcareprovider

Name of Building

Address of Building

Type of Building(Hospital, Clinic, GP Practice)

Name and telephone number of Surveyor

Name, job title and telephone number of Site Contact Person

Details of Departments floor by floor

NHSiS Drawings Reference

Reference Number (for Database)


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A: External Approach

Approaches from the site perimeter to the entrance of the building,

external spaces, car parking, set down areas,ramps and steps


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1 EXTERNAL APPROACH Relevant diagrams are attached at the end of this section

Bdg Regs NHSiS Y N Y N N/A COMMENTS

LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

1.01 Is the building within convenient walking distance of:

(a) a public highway?

(b) public transport?

(c) car parking facilities?

1.02 Have suitable dropped kerbs been provided where appropriate?

See diagram.

1.03 Is the approach surface relatively even?

Surfaces should permit manoeuvre by wheelchair users and people

with walking difficulties

1.04 Is the approach surface slip-resistant?

1.05 Is the approach route reasonably level or ramped suitable for

disabled people? If steeper than 1:20, route should be classified as

a ramp. See Section 2.

1.06 If the approach route is steeper than 1 in 12, is there alternative

provision to enable access by disabled people?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS

MAXIMUM POSSIBLE POINTS


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BROUGHT FORWARD FROM PREVIOUS PAGE ACTUAL POINTS



LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

1.07 Is the approach route at least 1200mm wide?

1800mm recommended for passing in two directions.

1.08 Is the route free of hazards such as traffic signs, bollards, litter bins,and building features such as outward opening doors, windows or

overhangs?

1.09 Is the route adequately and evenly lit?

1.10 Is the route clearly identified by visual, aural and tactile information?

1.11 Is the route safely and clearly separated from traffic flow?

1.12 Is the route to the building properly maintained and kept clear in all

weathers?

1.13 Is accessible parking provided for disabled people?

1.14 Are sufficient dedicated accessible parking spaces provided?

At least 1 in 20 or part thereof of parking provision should beaccessible to wheelchair users.

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

1.15 Is accessible parking clearly marked out and signposted, with

bays at least 2400mm wide x 4800mm long plus a 1000mm

side transfer zone? See diagram.

1.16 Are some bays available with a clear transfer space of at least

2400mm to one side for disabled people using vans with side hoists?

Additional space is sometimes needed to use a side hoist and

manoeuvre a wheelchair on and off it.

1.17 Are some bays available with more than 2400mm headroom for

disabled people using vans with side hoists?

1.18 Is accessible parking suitably surfaced and level?

1.19 Is accessible parking within 45m of principal building entrances?

1.20 Is some accessible car parking available under cover?

1.21 Is accessible parking well lit, visible and safe?

1.22 Are clearly signed procedures or penalties in place to discourage

abuse of accessible parking bays by non-disabled people?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

1.23 Are alternative parking arrangements available to wheelchair users

if all accessible spaces are occupied?

1.24 If there is an automatic barrier entry system to the car park, is thisaccessible to disabled people including deaf and hard of hearing

people who do not speak?

1.25 If there are ticket machines or meters for parking, are these

appropriately located with controls and coin slots within a height

range of 900mm – 1200mm and clearly identifiable?

1.26 Are suitable, safe set-down and pick-up points provided for taxis,

community transport vehicles, cars and minibuses close to principal

building entrances?

1.27 Are suitable, safe set-down and pick-up points provided for

ambulances?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS TOTAL POINTS FOR

MAXIMUM POSSIBLE POINTS THIS SECTION


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Controlled Crossings/ Dropped Kerbs

NORMAN RAITT ARCHITECTS

HBN 40 DIAG. 1

All sizes in mm

not recommended for general use.)

Preferred minimum: (Restricted minimum,

Notes:

1350 (1300)

Drawing not to scale

2000 2000 2000

2000

3000

1000

2000

2000 2000 2000

wall, pavement/path boundary

wall, pavement/path boundary

(seenote10)

(seen

ote10)

gradient1:12 max(see note 7)

(seenote7)

1:12max

gradient

surface(see note 11)

dropped kerb and road surface to merge here(see note 13)

flush width (see note 9)

flush width (see note 9)

kerb height can vary 13 - 170mmabsolute max 200mm

roadway should be marked with a yellow (or

white) line to indicate that the area is to bekept clear of stationary vehicles

(see note 12)

a. See notes on next page.


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Controlled Crossings/Dropped Kerbs

(Notes to ergonomic data sheets)

General considerations

1. Reference should be made to Part S of the Technical Standards for compliance with the Building

Standards (Scotland) Regulations 1990; also the Department of Transport Mobility Unit’s advice note

DU/1/91 (‘The use of Dropped Kerbs and Tactile Surfaces at Pedestrian Crossing Points’).

2. The design of dropped kerbs must take into account the different – and conflicting – needs of visually

impaired people and wheelchair users. Dropped kerbs make it much easier for wheelchair users, and

people with pushchairs, trolleys etc, to overcome abrupt changes in level which they would otherwise find

difficult or impossible (for some wheelchair users, even a small jolt can cause acute pain).

3. Visually impaired people, however, require some physical indication of the edge of a pavement; in order

to avoid walking unaware on to the road, kerbs are used by them to indicate the presence of a road. If kerbs

are removed to aid people with mobility difficulties, a substitute indicator of the road’s presence must be

provided – that is if the pavement is level with the road, there should be a change in texture (distinguishable

through the soles of shoes, and by the canes used by visually impaired people) provided as a warning

indicator; adequate drainage must also be provided.

Location

4. Dropped kerbs must:

• be provided at locations where people leave the pavement to cross the road, at which points there must

be an unobstructed view of traffic approaching from any direction;

• always be directly opposite one another across a road. It is dangerous to have one on only one side of

the road, as a person may be unable to mount the opposite kerb and then be stranded in the flow of

traffic;

• be provided at any vertical rise greater than 13mm.

5. Dropped kerbs should be avoided at places where doors occur. Doors should not have to be opened at

the same time as negotiating a kerb ramp, as this is extremely difficult for wheelchair users and people with

pushchairs – a wheelchair user, after mounting the kerb ramp, will be tilted backwards, and is therefore

unlikely to be able to reach the door handle, whereas people with pushchairs will not be able to reach the

handle without walking around the pushchair, and will then need to pull the pushchair through the door.

Gradient

6. The gradient of the dropped kerbs must allow people to negotiate them easily and quickly move out of

the flow of traffic. Steep dropped kerbs may cause people to lose control of wheelchairs and pushchairs.

7. The gentler the slope, the more people will be able to use it with ease and safety. The pavement mustbe dished over the area of the dropped kerb, with no abrupt change of slope and a maximum gradient of

1:12.

8. Dropped kerbs with returned sides are only acceptable where they do not interfere with the main direction

of pedestrian flow and where people are not required to walk across them.

Width

9. Dropped kerbs must be wide enough for double pushchairs and electric pavement vehicles to negotiate

them. The flush width should normally be a minimum of 2000mm. (In locations of high flow, the flush width

should be 3000mm.) The minimum width can be reduced to 1200mm adjacent to areas of car parking

reserved for disabled users.


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Depth

10. At a 2000mm wide pavement, dropped kerbs should extend over the entire depth. Where the pavement

is 3000mm wide or greater, a level area 1000mm wide can be provided behind the dropped kerb.

Surface

11. The dropped kerb should have a tactile, modified blister surface covering the dropped kerb area in

accordance with DU1/91, ‘The Use of Dropped Kerbs and Tactile Surfaces at Pedestrian Crossing Points’, toindicate its existence. Textured surfaces help ambulant disabled people to keep a firm grip, as well as

indicating to visually impaired people the change in level.

12. The bottom of a dropped kerb should be rounded, or otherwise distinguishable – for example, by a

tactile strip – to help visually impaired people locate them. A continuous yellow line should be painted along

the edge of the road closest to the kerb.

13. The following types of dropped kerb should be avoided: those with non-parallel sides; with a camber; on

to roads with a steep camber or concave gutter; projecting into the gutter; sited near drains; or those located

close to loose surfaces such as gravel or earth (as these may get on to the ramp and affect the surface

performance).

14. Where gratings are installed for the purpose of conducting rain water away, these should be locatedupstream of the kerb ramp, in order to prevent flooding at the bottom of the ramp. Where gratings occur in

front of kerb ramps, the holes should be small to prevent wheelchair castors and walking aids becoming

stuck; to achieve this, the slots should not be more than 12mm wide, with metal at least 13mm thick, and

aligned at 90o to the direction of travel. All grating surfaces should be set level with the roadway; it is best

that gratings are not located at crossings.


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Car Parking (wheelchair access)


HBN 40 DIAG. 2

All sizes in mm

not recommended for general use).


Notes:

1350 (1300)

6000

2400 1200 2400

48

00

12

00

6000

3600

800 600

450(300)

4500

17501100 (1000)

1. Average space length (in line parking)

includes allowance for manoeuvring car into

and out of parking space. Add 1000 to

length and 200-300 to width for large

(American type) car. An end bay against a

wall or obstruction should be increased to

7000 (8000) overall to allow for safe

manoeuvring.

2. 300 (pref. 450) allows restricted

circulation space for fully ambulant users.

3. Standard parking bay width is an

average for multi-bay situations. End bays

against wall or other obstruction should be

increased by 200 (100). Similarly 300-800

depending on level of convenience should

be added to end bay for semi or nonambulant users.

if each bay has an individual access aisle

shared access aisle

100 minimum allowance forvariation in parking positions

parkedattendant

averagec

ar

(see note 2) average car full door swingwheelchair users

wider doors (i.e. 1100

clearance of obstructiondropped kerb to

standard parking bay (see note 3)

wheelchair during transit space

(2000 max)

prefer a 2 door car with

is required)

footpath

(5700max

)

Drawing not to scale.

External Approach:

200


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2 EXTERNAL CHANGE IN LEVEL: RAMP Relevant diagrams are attached at the end of this section


LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

2.01 Does the approach route require a permanent ramp? See 1.05.

2.02 If a permanent ramp cannot be constructed (perhaps because the

building is listed) is a secure suitable portable ramp available?

Portable ramps are not recommended unless there is no other option.

2.03 Is there a min. 1200mm long level manoeuvring space at the

top and bottom of the ramp?

2.04 Is the ramp slip resistant?

2.05 Is the surface width of the ramp at least 1200mm wide and the

unobstructed width of the ramp at least 1000mm wide?

Preferred width 1800mm.

2.06 If the ramp gradient is between 1 in 20 and 1 in 15, is the length

of each individual flight 10m or less?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….



The ramp gradient should be between 1 in 20 and 1 in 12. If it is

shallower than 1 in 20 it is considered a level approach. If it issteeper than 1 in 12 it is too steep to be used by disabled people

and would not comply with Building Regulations. A gradient

shallower than 1:15 – 1:20 is recommended.

2.08 Are appropriate intermediate landings provided at least 1200mm

long? See diagram.

2.09 Does the open side of the ramp have a raised kerb at least

100mm high?

2.10 Are there suitable continuous handrails each side and also to

landings? See diagram.

2.11 Are the ramp and landing handrails colour contrasted from their

background?

2.12 Is the top of the handrail 900mm above the surface of the ramp

and 840 – 1000mm above the surface of a landing?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

2.13 Does the handrail extend at least 300mm beyond the top and

bottom of the ramp?

2.14 Does the handrail terminate in a closed end which does notproject into a route of travel?

2.15 Does the profile and projection of the handrail provide a firm

grip?

2.16 If the ramp gradient is 1:20 or steeper, are there accompanying

steps?

Bdg Regs NHSiS




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External Change in Level: Ramp (general)


HBN 40 DIAG. 3

All sizes in mm



Notes:

1350 (1300)


1500 (1200) 1500 (1200)

900

450 450

1500

1980

1500(1200)

900

1

00

7

5

7

5

100

a

a

section a-a edge protection details

edge protection(see note 15)

10-15mm(see note 18)

m

in

m

ax

m

axu

nobs

tructedheight

forram

p(seenote22)

preferred cover for externalramp (see note 19)

tactile warning(see note 8)

rampwidth(se

enote4)

landing (see note 21)

recess at bottomof ramp (see note 21)

circulationroute

ramp: gradient max 1:15,

length max 10000 withoutlanding (see note 3)

protected barrier atbottom of ramp(see note 20)

landing (see notes 6-8)

steps(see note 2)

possible locationof door

300300

handrailextension handrailextension

handrails(see notes 9-14)

11

00

1000

1000

6 1 0

a. See notes on following pages

tactile warning(see note 8)


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External Change in Level: Ramp (general)




Standards (Scotland) Regulations 1990 for specific legislative requirements.

2. Ramps enable people with wheelchairs and pushchairs to move easily between one level and another,and should be provided where any changes in level occur. However, for ambulant disabled people, a rampis not as convenient, easy or safe to use as steps, and therefore a ramp should always be accompanied bysteps.

Gradient

3. Ramps must be of a gradual gradient, in order that wheelchair users can negotiate them independently(most can manage a slope of 1:15 or 1:20). The following gradients are recommended:

• 1:12 for distances up to 5000mm (and for distances up to 5000mm between landings);

•

1:15 for distances up to 10000mm (and for distances up to 10000mm between landings).

Width

4. The preferred width for a ramp is 1500mm (a minimum width of 1200mm, with an unobstructed width of 1000mm). A width of 1800mm will allow two wheelchair users to pass.

Length

5. The length of a ramp is dependent on the gradient and the change in height to be overcome, but shouldnever exceed 24000mm, and in any case should not exceed 10000mm without a rest landing.

Approach space and landings

6. Level approach spaces (clear of any door swing or obstruction) should be provided at the top and bottomof any ramp. Areas measuring 1500mm x 1500mm are preferred (minimum 1200mm x 1200mm), and anyintermediate landings should be not less than 1500mm in length.

7. Landings should be provided at any changes in direction of the ramp which are greater than 10o, and at

intervals of 10000mm where appropriate.

8. Tactile cues should be provided, including foot-detectable changes in surface 450mm long across thelanding at both ends of the ramp. Such changes could simply be corduroy or blister tactile surfaces.

Handrails

9. It is important that ramps have handrails, which give vital support, confidence and security to all users byproviding lateral body support and hand support as well as providing tactile cues for visually impairedpeople. Handrails may also provide support for independent wheelchair users when resting on the ramp.

10. Handrails are required on both sides of a ramp to assist people with disabilities on their right or left, aswell as those carrying bags in one hand. Handrails should be provided on any ramp with a rise greater than150mm

11. It is recommended that handrails are provided at two heights – a standard one 900mm above the rampsurface, and a lower one 610mm above the ramp surface for children and wheelchair users.

12. Handrails must be continuous around dog-legs or switchbacks and over landings; where this is not

possible, they should extend horizontally a minimum of 300mm beyond each end of the ramp before beingreturned to the wall, floor or post in order to allow users to regain their balance on the level area.


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13. These extensions also indicate the presence of a ramp for visually impaired users, but they should notproject out into the path of other pedestrians.

14. Further detailed guidance is given in the Notes to the ‘handrails’ ergonomic data sheets later in thisvolume.

Edge protection

15. The open side of a ramp or landing should have a raised kerb in order to prevent feet and wheelsslipping off. The kerb or barrier should be painted in a contrasting colour to the ramp and its surroundings.

Surface/appearance

16. There should be contrasts of colour and tone between the ramp and adjacent areas, such as handrailsand background colour. If the coloured markings are to be provided on the ramp itself, however, they shouldform a “V” configuration pointing in the change of direction, rather than a line at top and bottom which couldcreate confusion with stairs.

17. Ramps should have a permanent, regular, non-slip surface. Indoor ramps should not be covered indeep- or shag-pile carpet, as this is difficult to traverse in a wheelchair. External ramps should not becovered with glazed or polished masonry or cobblestones.

18. Outdoor ramps should not allow the accumulation of water on their surface; for this reason, a camber of 1:100 (max. 1:50) is permissible, which should not affect the steering of wheeled conveyances or other items. There should be gaps of 10-15mm left at intervals in the edging, above the level of the ramp, toenable rainwater and grit to drain off.

19. Ramps can be dangerous in wet or icy weather. Where possible, outdoor ramps should have a canopyabove, to protect them from rain and snow.

20. Where a ramp leads down to a road or any place where there may be traffic, a barrier in the form of arailing to a height of 1100mm across the full width of the ramp should be installed at the bottom of the ramp,in order to prevent users walking or rolling into the road; such a barrier should be no more than 1500mmfrom the base of the ramp.

21. Where a ramp intersects with a pedestrian route, there should be a level area of 900mm length, in order to allow wheelchair users and people with pushchairs to turn round and join the flow of pedestrians.

22. The ramp should be clear of obstructions for the width of the ramp and to a minimum height of 1980mm(excluding handrails).

Lighting

23. External ramps and walkways should have a minimum lighting level of 75 lux at the pavement. Thisshould be increased to 150 lux where the building is designed specifically for visually impaired people.


26/161


3 EXTERNAL CHANGE IN LEVEL: STEPS Relevant diagrams are attached at the end of this section


LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

3.01 Does the approach route incorporate steps?

Note: The Building Regulation items listed below are for steps

“attached” to buildings only. Steps not attached to buildings should

be audited in the same way but their scores should be recorded in

the NHSiS column.

3.02 Do the top and bottom landings to each flight of steps have

tactile surfaces to give advance warning of the change in level?

See diagram.

3.03 Is the lighting adequate and well positioned?

Lighting should be free of shadows.

3.04 Are all step nosings readily identifiable and colour contrasted?

A nosing is the front edge of the step.

3.05 Is the unobstructed width of the flight at least 1000mm?

A flight is the length of a single run of steps.

3.06 Is the rise of the flight between landings not more than 1200mm

maximum?

Note: The Building Regulations allow a maximum rise of 16 risers.

3.07 Are the top, bottom and intermediate levels at least 1200mm

long and clear of any door swing?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

3.08 Is the rise of each step uniform and no more than 170mm?

See diagram.

3.09 Is the going of each step at least 250mm?If the treads taper, the going should be measured 270mm from the

inside of the stair.

3.10 Are the risers solid/closed in?

3.11 Is the tread nosing profile suitable and designed to avoid risk

of people catching their feet? See diagram.

3.12 Is there suitable continuous handrail each side? See diagram.

3.13 Is the top of the handrail 900mm above the pitch line of a

flight of steps and 840–1000mm above the surface of a landing?


bottom of the steps?

3.15 Does the handrail terminate in a closed end which does not

project into a route of travel?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….


grip?

3.17 Are any hazardous overhangs to the underside of stepsprotected to avoid people walking into them?

Bdg Regs NHSiS




29/161


External Change in Level: Steps


HBN 40 DIAG. 4

All sizes in mm



Notes:

1350 (1300)


1500 (1200)

750 650

1500 (1200)

recess at top of steps(see note 5)


clear distance between handrailsto be maintained on landings

1500 (1200)

circulation

circulation

recess at bottom of steps (see note 5)

800800 400 400

1700(1200)

1500(1000)

20

00(1500)

300(280)

350 max

130(100)

150max

13mm radius


max1200

(seeno

te6)

300

300

handrailextension

handrailextension



900

610

20

00

150

(seenotes

13-17)

mintactile

warning(see note 12)

max min

(see note 12)warningtactile

max

nosings see note 9

a. See notes on following page


30/161


External Change in Level: Steps




Standards (Scotland) Regulations 1990 for specific legislative requirements.

2. If a level approach to the building’s entrance cannot be achieved, then steps and a ramp must be

provided. Steps are preferred to ramps by many people, and, when correctly detailed, steps provide

independent access for many ambulant disabled people – for example, those with arthritis or those who use

crutches. However, steps are a barrier to people in wheelchairs or with pushchairs/prams etc, so a ramp

should be provided wherever there are steps (see notes to data sheet ‘ramps’).

Approach and landings

3. People with impaired sight are at risk of tripping or losing their balance when meeting sudden changes in

level; this risk is at its greatest when approaching the head of a flight of steps. The existence of steps, on

their own or within a flight, should be made apparent; stairs should be designed so that they are not a

continuation of the line of normal pedestrian travel.

4. The clear, unobstructed length of landings should be 1500mm (1200mm as a minimum). The top and

bottom steps of a flight should not encroach onto the landing area.

5. Steps should not interfere with circulation spaces; they should be recessed from the circulation route by

at least 600mm at the top and 750mm at the bottom, to avoid pedestrian collisions and to allow handrails to

level out.

Height

6. Although many ambulant disabled people find it easier to climb steps than to use ramps, it is still

important that any flights of steps are not too long and are broken up by landings. The maximum

recommended height for the rise of a flight of external steps between landings is 1200mm and there shouldbe a minimum of three and a maximum of nine steps. (Note: The Technical Standards allow a maximum rise

of 16 risers.)

7. Generally, the flatter the pitch (angle), the safer steps will be. The recommended pitch for public steps is

27o (with a maximum of 34

o).

Risers and goings

8. Risers and goings should be uniform throughout the flight, as any irregularities can cause people to

stumble.

Nosings

9, Nosings should be marked in a colour/tone that contrasts with the colour of the stairs, extending the full

width of the step and reaching a depth of 50-60mm on both tread and riser. Any edges should be firmly

fixed and be of a non-slip type. Sharp nosings and abrupt angles should be avoided.

Edge protection

10. It is necessary to prevent feet, crutches and sticks from accidentally slipping off the edge of open-plan

steps. For steps not adjacent to walls, a barrier, with a maximum height of 100mm above the level of the

treads, should be provided.


31/161


Step surface and type

11. The surface of the steps must be (and also appear to be) non-slip, and to aid visually impaired people

the risers should be a contrasting colour to the treads. A fall of 1:100 is recommended, to prevent water

from accumulating on the steps and to maintain a non-slip surface in wet conditions.

12. A change in surface texture at the top and bottom of each flight of steps is needed, to act as a warning

for visually impaired people that there is a change in level ahead. This surface should be of a corduroy

texture.

Width of steps

13. Distractions should be avoided, especially at the top of steps where people may lose their concentrationas well as their footing.

14. In addition, the use of open risers is not recommended, since they are especially dangerous for the

ambulant disabled – such as those users with braces and prostheses – who need a solid rise to guide their

feet onto the next tread. Open risers allow feet to catch on the underside of the tread, and are therefore also

hazardous to those using sticks and canes.

15. Single steps, and any changes in level of less than 100mm, are to be avoided, as are spiral and helical

steps.

16. The steps must be wide enough for people to negotiate comfortably by holding onto either one or both

handrails or by being assisted. The width of the steps should reflect the amount of pedestrian traffic.

17. A minimum clear step width of 1000mm for one person, or 1500mm for two-way traffic, is necessary. A

middle handrail should be provided on any flights of steps wider than 1800mm.

Handrails

18. Reference should be made to the ‘handrail’ data sheet later in this volume for further guidance.

19. Handrails are required by some users to help them to pull up steps; they are also used for balance andsupport when descending. Handrail extensions also provide tactile cues to the presence of changes in level

for visually impaired people.

20. Handrails:

• must continue for a minimum of 300mm horizontally from the top step; where the handrail does not

interrupt pedestrian routes, an extension of 450mm from the top step is recommended. Central

handrails may project into the landings by the same amount as the going, and for external steps leadingto an entrance door the central handrail should continue across the landing to the door;

• must be located within the width of the tread; and

• should be provided on both sides of the steps, to assist people with left or right disabilities, those using a

walking stick, or those carrying a bag in one hand.

Balustrades

21. Balustrades should be provided around landings to a height of 1100mm, to prevent people falling. They

should not allow young children to fall between the gaps (which should be no wider than 100mm), nor

provide toeholds for climbing up.

Lighting

22. Steps and landings should be well illuminated, either naturally or by artificial means. The lighting shouldbe designed so that it highlights the differences between risers and treads, the top and bottom steps, and

any changes in direction.


32/161


B: Entrance andReception

External doors, lobbies andreception areas


33/161


4 ENTRANCE Relevant diagrams are attached at the end of this section


LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

4.01 Is the door clearly colour contrasted or distinguishable from the

surrounding façade?

4.02 If a glass door, is it visible in its closed position through transoms,

large pull handles, glazing manifestation bands or logos?

4.03 Does the entrance door contain a leaf which provides a

minimum clear opening width of at least 800mm? See diagram.

4.04 Does the door have a flush threshold?

4.05 Is there a glazed panel in the door giving a zone of visibility of

at least between 900mm and 1500mm above floor level?

4.06 Is there adequate unobstructed space (300mm) available

alongside the leading edge of the door to enable a disabled

person to open the door clear of the door swing?

See diagram. Not required for automatic doors.

4.07 Is the door handle/control clearly colour contrasted from the door?

4.08 Is the door handle/control set at approximately 1000mm above floor

level?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

4.09 Is the door handle/control easy for a person with restricted mobility

to operate?

4.10 If a door closer is fitted, does it have slow action or delay check togive disabled people time to pass through?

4.11 Is the door closer pressure gentle and not greater than 25-30

Newtons? Closer pressure should be minimum necessary to close

the door effectively.

4.12 Is the door automatically operated?

Automatic sliding doors preferred to automatic swing doors where

possible.

4.13 If the door is automatically operated, does it have both visual and

tactile information and warnings?

4.14 If the door is automatically operated, does it have a safety sensor

override to avoid trapping users? Remote photo eyesensor, or floor

pressure mat sensors, are preferred to impact baffle sensors fitted tothe leading edge of the door, which can injure users.

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

4.15 If a revolving door is used, is there an immediately adjacent

alternative door meeting the above criteria and available at all

times? Neither manual nor automatic revolving doors are easily

accessible to disabled people.

4.16 Is there a means of summoning assistance if the door cannot be

operated?

4.17 If the door is security-protected, is the entry system or entry phone

suitable for use by people with hearing, sight, speech or mobility

disabilities and set between 900mm and 1200mm above floor level?

4.18 Is any weather mat of firm texture and flush with the floor?

4.19 Are doors regularly checked and maintained?

4.20 If a lobby is provided, does the inner door meet the same access

criteria as the outer door?

4.21 Does the lobby layout enable wheelchair users to clear onedoor before opening the second, with minimal manoeuvring?

See diagram. This is for external lobbies. For internal lobbies see

Section 6.

Bdg Regs NHSiS




36/161


Entrance and Reception: Entrance


B. REGS. DIAG. 5

All sizes in mm

2000

1800

1500

2400

1800

15001800

800 min

clear

Plans of Typical Lobby Arrangements

Notes:

300

2300

800 min

clear

300


37/161


5 RECEPTION Relevant diagrams are attached at the end of this section


LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

5.01 Are signs consistently designed and located to convey information

to wheelchair users and people with sensory disabilities?

See Signage Section 22.

5.02 Are the lighting levels suitable for people with sensory disabilities

and free from excessive glare and shadows?

5.03 Are the acoustics suitable for people with sensory disabilities and

free from unwanted noise, echo and reverberations?

5.04 Are floor surfaces slip-resistant, even when wet?

5.05 Are floor surfaces easily negotiable by wheelchair users?

5.06 Are floor surfaces colour or tactile contrasted where appropriate to

guide blind and partially sighted people?

5.07 Are junctions between floor surfaces detailed so as not to

constitute a trip hazard or an obstacle to wheelchair users?

5.08 Is the line of approach to the reception desk clearly defined and

unobstructed?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

5.09 Is any reception desk or counter suitable for use from both sides by

people either standing or sitting?

Preferably not higher than 800mm, with knee space at least 650mm

high x 400mm deep under.

5.10 Is a movable seat provided adjacent to the reception desk for people

who need to sit when talking to the receptionist?

5.11 If the reception desk is behind a glazed screen, is the glazing

non-reflective?

5.12 Does the natural and artificial lighting to the reception desk permit

the receptionist’s face to be clearly seen?

5.13 Are wall finishes non-reflective and free from confusing or distracting

patterns?

5.14 Is a hearing enhancement system provided for communication

with hearing aid users?

Induction loop or infra red systems are the most commonly specified.

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

5.15 Are appointment call announcements given both audibly and

visually for deaf, hard of hearing, blind and partially sighted people?

Usually via digital display or TV monitor.

5.16 If appointment call number/ticket dispensers are provided, are

they located at not more than 1200mm height with at least 1200 x

1200mm clear space in front?

5.17 Is the waiting area seating designed with a choice of seating heights,

with and without armrests?

5.18 Does the waiting area have sufficient space for wheelchair and buggy

users to wait and manoeuvre?

5.19 Does the waiting area have sufficient space for people to pass

without compromising legroom for people who are seated?

5.20 If coat hooks are provided in the waiting area, are these at

approximately 1200mm height for wheelchair users and 1700mm

height for others?

5.21 If a television or video is provided in the waiting area, does this have

a hearing enhancement system for deaf and hard of hearing people?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

5.22 If a television or video is provided in the waiting area, does this have

teletext subtitles for deaf and hard of hearing people?

5.23 Is the waiting area within 45 metres of an accessible WC?

5.24 Are public telephones mounted at a height suitable for all users with

no controls or coin slots higher than 1200mm from floor level?

5.25 Is there at least 1200 x 1200mm clear space in front of public

telephones?

5.26 Do public telephones have an amplifier and inductive coupler for

hearing aid users?

5.27 Is a suitable seat available for use by people who need to sit down

when using the telephone?

5.28 Are public telephones fitted with a small shelf at approximately

750mm height for placing change, bags and portable textphones?

5.29 Is a textphone facility provided for deaf and hard of hearing people?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

5.30 If a child’s play area is provided, is it accessible to disabled

children and parents?

5.31 Is there a nappy change space and separate feeding area, withnappy change table and washbasin accessible to wheelchair users?

Recommended height of nappy change table max. 800mm with knee

space at least 650mm high x 400mm deep under.

5.32 Is there a suitable secure parking area for prams, buggies and

scooters?

5.33 Are water and toileting facilities available for assistance dogs?

5.34 Are suitable charging facilities available for powered wheelchairs

and other equipment?

5.35 Are any charging facilities for powered wheelchairs and other

equipment located in a secure fire-resisting ventilated enclosure?

5.36 For people progressing beyond this area into other parts of thebuilding, is information given by appropriate signs, supported by

tactile information such as a map or a model?

See Signage Section 22 of this Checklist.

Bdg Regs NHSiS




42/161


Entrance and Reception: Reception Counter


HBN 40 DIAG. 6

All sizes in mm



Notes:

1350 (1300)


800

400

800

400

1200

1420 eye level

1000 counter

1750 eye level

1150 eye level

wheelchair

1100 seated eye

700 worktop height

seat heightadjustable from 430

(see note 3)

independent person seated

space for space for ambulant passing

(800 is required

wheelchair turning

and withdrawal

writing

stationery

side storage possible

between

worktop workspace

min

on/andunderworktop

side storageon/andunderworktop

worktop workspace

location ofglass screen

receptionists

workstationwidth perreceptionist

1200600

600900

wheelchair

passing

standingat counter

ambulantpassing

space for

1200

wheelchair

space for assistedpassing

1500

from counter

circle and access to

300

shelf/computerhousing and

250

600

at counter

900 600500

keyboardandpapers

access andwithdrawal for the passing of a

records trolley)

shelf for bags

small woman

tall man

small woman inheight

700 shelf forbags andknee hole forw/ch user

level small woman

to 530 and footrest

1. A sitting height counter may act as a

psychological barrier to a patient/escort whomay be violent. A counter depth of 800

should help to protect staff, whilst still

allowing receptionist and patient to hear each

other. A counter depth of 800 will also allow

adequate space for the computer. The

computer could be protected by a raised area,

although this should not throw shadows on

the screen. The worktop height should be

700 for sitting to use the keyboard.

2. Glazed screens between receptionistsmaximise confidentiality of discussions

between patient and receptionist.

3. An adjustable height (430 - 530), swivel

chair with castors is required for the

receptionist. A footrest should be provided.

4. Each workstation should incorporate an

alarm button for staff to summon assistance.

5. Mobile, under worktop storage units for

personal belongings are preferred for greater

flexibility.

800

100


43/161


C: Horizontal andVertical Circulation

Horizontal and vertical circulation, corridors,internal ramps, stairs and lifts


44/161


6 CORRIDOR Relevant diagrams are attached at the end of this section


LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

6.01 Does the corridor or passageway have an unobstructed width

of at least 1200mm?

If the corridor is approachable by stairway alone and does not

have lift access, then an unobstructed width of 1000mm is

permissible. For people to pass, min. 1500mm corridor width is

recommended.

6.02 Do all lobbies allow users, including wheelchair users, to

clear one door before approaching the second with minimal

manoeuvring?

See diagram. This is for internal lobbies. For external lobbies see

Section 4.

6.03 Is the corridor free from obstructions to wheelchair users and hazards

to blind and partially sighted people?

6.04 Are radiators of low surface temperature type to avoid burning

when touched?

6.05 Is turning space available for wheelchair users?

If turning 90 degrees from a 900mm wide corridor into a doorway,

a 1000mm doorset is the minimum acceptable. If turning from a1200mm wide corridor, a 900mm doorset is acceptable but a

1000mm doorset is preferred.

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

6.06 Are rest points with suitable seats provided on long corridors?

6.07 Is the natural and artificial lighting free from excessive glare and

shadows?Windows at the end of corridors can cause excessive glare and

shadows unless balanced with artificial lighting internally .

6.08 Are the acoustics free from echo and excessive reverberation?

6.09 Are floor, wall and ceiling surfaces free from reflections?

6.10 Are visual clues available to help orientation, such as colour coding?

6.11 Are textured surfaces used to convey information to blind and

partially sighted people, such as contrasting floor textures at

corridor junction and on lift landings?


6.13 Does signage and information comply with Signage Section 22 of this Checklist?

6.14 Are the above features regularly checked and maintained?

Bdg Regs NHSiS




46/161


LOCATION

6.00 CORRIDOR Y N Y N Y N Y N Y N Y N Y N Y N

6.01 Does the corridor or passageway have an unobstructed width of at least 1200mm?

6.02 Do all lobbies allow users, including wheelchair users, to clear one door before approaching the second?

6.03 Is the corridor free from obstructions to wheelchair users and hazards to blind and partially sighted people?

6.04 Are radiators of low surface temperature type to avoid burning when touched?

6.05 Is turning space available for wheelchair users?

6.06 Are rest points with suitable seats provided on long corridors?

6.07 Is the natural and artificial lighting free from excessive glare and shadows?

6.08 Are the acoustics free from echo and excessive reverberation?

6.09 Are floor, wall and ceiling surfaces free from reflections?

6.10 Are visual clues available to help orientation, such as colour coding?

6.11 Are textured surfaces used to convey information to blind and partially sighted people?


6.13 Does signage and information comply with Signage Section 22 of this Checklist?

6.14 Are the above features regularly checked and maintained?

Total

Maximum possible points

Actual points


47/161


Horizontal and Vertical Circulation: Corridor


B. REGS. DIAG. 7

All sizes in mm

2000

1500

1100

Corrid

orsuitable

forwhe

elchairs

300

min

1200

min

750

min clear

Plans of Typical Internal Lobby Arrangements

Notes:

23

00

1800 1800

1500

300

1800

2000 2

400

300

1500

300


48/161


7 INTERNAL RAMP


LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

7.01 For a short rise within a single storey is a permanent ramp

available?

Ramps are not required if alternative lift provision is made (see

Sections 10 and 11).

7.02 If a permanent ramp cannot be constructed, is a suitable secureportable ramp available and are staff trained to use it?

Portable ramps are not recommended unless there is no other option.

7.03 Is there adequate manoeuvring space at the top and bottom of

the ramp?

Min. 1200mm long level approach recommended.

7.04 Is the ramp surface slip resistant?

7.05 Is the surface width of the ramp at least 1200mm wide and

unobstructed width of the ramp at least 1000mm wide?



Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

7.07 If the ramp gradient is between 1 in 15 and 1 in 12, is the

length of each individual flight 5m or less?

The ramp gradient should be between 1 in 20 and 1 in 12. If it is

shallower than 1 in 20, it is considered a level approach. If it issteeper than 1 in 12, it is too steep to be used by disabled people

and would not comply with Building Regulations. A gradient

shallower than 1:15 – 1:20 is recommended.

7.08 Are appropriate intermediate landings provided at least

1200mm long?

7.09 Does the open side of the ramp have a raised kerb at least

100mm high?

7.10 Are there suitable continuous handrails each side and also

to landings?

7.11 Are the ramp and landing handrails colour contrasted from their

background?

7.12 Is the top of the handrail 840-1000mm above the surface of the

ramp and above the surface of a landing?

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



50/161





LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….


bottom of the ramp?

7.14 Does the handrail terminate in a closed end which does notproject into route of travel?


grip?

7.16 If the ramp gradient is 1:20 or steeper, are there accompanying

steps?

7.17 Are the ramp and approaches maintained free of obstruction?

Bdg Regs NHSiS




51/161


8 INTERNAL STAIRCASE Relevant diagrams are attached at the end of this section


LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

Under Part S access within a building must be level or ramped or by

way of a suitable passenger lift to any storey above or below the

principal entrance storey, except in a two storey building where the

net floor area of the storey is less than 280 sq metres, or in a

building of more than two storeys where the net floor area of the

storey is less than 200 sq metres. In these exceptional cases, accessmay be by stair, complying with the Part S questions in this section.

Note: Net floor area excludes vertical circulation, sanitary

accommodation and plant rooms.

8.01 Is the location of the stair adequately signed at each level?

8.02 Is each level clearly identified by tactile and visual information?

8.03 Is there adequate well positioned lighting?

Lighting should be free of shadows.

8.04 Is the unobstructed width of the flight at least 1000mm wide?

A flight is the length of a single run of steps.

8.05 Is the vertical rise of a flight between landings 1800mm maximum?

Note: The Building Regulations allow a maximum rise of 16 risers.

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

8.06 Are the top and bottom and intermediate landings at least

1200mm long clear of any door swing? See diagram.

8.07 Is rise of each step uniform and no more than 170mm?See diagram.

8.08 Is the going of each step uniform and at least 250mm?

See diagram.


8.10 Is the tread nosing profile suitable and designed to avoid

risk of people catching their feet? See diagram.

8.11 Are all step nosings readily distinguishable and contrasted?

A nosing is the front edge of the step.

All stairs should comply with this question and be suitable for

blind and partially sighted people.

Bdg Regs NHSiS

ACTUAL POINTS



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LOCATION: ……………………………………………………………….

8.12 Does the stair have a suitable continuous handrail each side?

See diagram.

8.13 Is the top of the handrail 840-1000mm above the pitch line of thestairs and above the surface of a landing?


bottom of the stairs?

8.15 Does the handrail terminate in a closed end which does not

project into a route of travel?


grip?

8.17 Are any hazardous overhangs to the underside of stairs

protected to avoid injury to blind and partially sighted people?

8.18 Are the stairs maintained in good condition and regularly checked

for obstructions?

Bdg Regs NHSiS




54/161


LOCATION

8.00 INTERNAL STAIRCASE Y N Y N Y N Y N Y N Y N Y N Y N

8.01 Is the location of the stair adequately signed at each level?

8.02 Is each level clearly identified by tactile and visual information?

8.03 Is there adequate well positioned lighting?

8.04 Is the unobstructed width of the flight at least 1000mm wide?

8.05 Is the vertical rise of a flight between landings 1200mm maximum?

8.06 Are the top and bottom and intermediate landings at least 1200mm long clear of any door swing?

8.07 Is rise of each step uniform and no more than 170mm?

8.08 Is the going of each step uniform and at least 250mm?


8.10 Is the tread nosing profile suitable and designed to avoid risk of people catching their feet?

8.11 Are all step nosings readily distinguishable and contrasted?

8.12 Does the stair have a suitable continuous handrail each side?

8.13 Is the top of the handrail 840-1000mm above the pitch line of the stairs and above the surface of a landing?

8.14 Does the handrail extend at least 300mm beyond the top and bottom of the stairs?

8.15 Does the handrail terminate in a closed end which does not project into a route of travel?

8.16 Does the profile and projection of the handrail allow a firm grip?

8.17 Are any hazardous overhangs to the underside of stairs projected to avoid injury to blind and partially sighted people?

8.18 Are the stairs maintained in good condition and regularly checked for obstructions?

Total

Maximum possible points

Actual points


55/161


Horizontal and Vertical Circulation: Internal Stairs


HBN 40 DIAG. 8

All sizes in mm



Notes:

1350 (1300)


1500 (1200)

1500 (1200)


clear distance between handrailsto be maintained on landings

1500 (1200)

800800 400 400

1700(1200)

1500(1000)

20

00(1500)

280(250)

290 max

170

max


max1

800

(seeno

te6)

300

300

handrailextension

handrailextension



900

610

2000

150

(seenotes

17-18)

mintactile

warning(see note 12)

max min

(see note 12)warningtactile

max

a. See notes on following page

a square nosing is lesssatisfactory than asplayed riser as it cantrap the toe duringascent

nosings see note 8

15-25mm


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Horizontal and Vertical Circulation: Internal Stairs



1. Reference should be made to Part S of the Technical Standards for compliance with the BuildingStandards (Scotland) Regulations 1990.

2. Stairs are a barrier to people in wheelchairs or those with pushchairs or prams. A ramp can be provided

in some situations, which will also facilitate egress in an emergency (see data sheet for ‘Ramps’); however,

ramps are generally not considered appropriate for any significant changes in level within a building.

3. The dimensions illustrated in this data sheet only provide for general ambulant and semi-ambulant

access. (Reference should be made to SHTM 81 and the ‘Staircase, mattress evacuation’ data sheets in

Volume 4 of HBN 40 with regard to the requirements for mattress evacuation.)

Approach and landings

4. People with impaired sight are at risk of tripping or losing their balance when meeting sudden changes in

level; the risk is greatest when approaching the head of a flight of steps. The existence of steps, on their

own or within a flight, should be made apparent; stairs should be designed so that they are not a

continuation of the line of normal pedestrian travel.

5. The clear, unobstructed length of landings in hospitals should be 1500mm (1200mm minimum). The top

and bottom steps of a flight should not encroach onto the landing area.

Height

6. The maximum permitted height for the rise of a flight of internal stairs between landings is 1800mm.

(Note: The Technical Standards allow a maximum rise of 16 risers.)

Risers and goings

7. Risers and goings should be uniform throughout the flight, as any irregularities can cause people tostumble. Risers should not be of the open type. The minimum internal going is 280mm.

Nosings

8. Nosings should be marked in a colour/tone that contrasts with the colour of the stairs, extending the full

width of the step, and reaching a depth of 50-60mm on both tread and riser, to allow visually impaired

people to detect the edge of each step. Any edges should be firmly fixed and be of a non-slip type.

Although rounded nosings can cause slipping, sharp nosings and abrupt angles should still be avoided.

Edge protection

9. It is necessary to prevent feet, crutches and sticks from accidentally slipping off the edge of open-plan

steps. For steps not adjacent to walls, a barrier, with a maximum height of 100mm above the level of the

treads, should be provided.

Step surface and type

10. The surface of the steps must be (and appear to be) non-slip, and to aid visually impaired people the

risers should be a contrasting colour to the treads.

11. Stair finishes must not have patterns which cause step edges to be indistinguishable to visually

impaired people, or which can otherwise cause visual confusion of any kind.

12. A change in surface texture at the top and bottom of the steps is needed, to act as a warning for visuallyimpaired people that there is a change in level ahead. Such changes could simply be from a carpeted

surface to a vinyl surface; corduroy or blister tactile surfaces should not be used in this instance.


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13. Distractions should be avoided, especially at the top of steps where people may lose their concentration

as well as their footing.

14. In addition, the use of open risers is not recommended, since open risers are hazardous to all users;

they are especially dangerous for the ambulant disabled with leg braces and prostheses, who need a solid

riser to guide their feet onto the next tread. Open risers allow feet to catch on the underside of the tread,

and are therefore hazardous to those using sticks and canes.

15. Open areas on the underside of stairs should also be avoided, to eliminate the possibility of anyone –

including the fully sighted – walking into the overhang created. If enclosure is not possible, then two rails –

one at 1000mm, and one at 200mm above floor level for cane users – or some other strategically placed,

permanent barrier, should be provided.

16. Single ste

Documents

Access Audit Checklist Feb 2000