Upload
others
View
2
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
©
Accelerating Clean Growth in Ceramics
• Presentation summary:
– UK ceramic sector overview
– Drivers to improve energy / carbon efficiency
– What’s already been achieved?
– Future improvements in energy / carbon efficiency
– Conclusions
©5
UK Ceramic Sector Overview
• Solution provider for the low-carbon and resource-efficient economy:
Durable products with low lifetime carbon
footprints
Long-life thermal insulation for high temp industrial
processes (steel, glass, cement, ceramics etc.)
Critical components for renewable electricity
generation, storage and distribution
©
Drivers to improve energy / carbon efficiency
• Reduce costs / improve competitiveness
• Policy / legislation
• Reduce environmental impacts of manufacturing
→ Good business sense
©
Drivers to improve energy / carbon efficiency
• Reduce costs / improve competitiveness:
Source: Industrial gas prices in the IEA, BEIS 2018 Source: Industrial electricity prices in the IEA, BEIS 2018
Source: Effective Carbon Rates 2018, OECD
©8
Drivers to improve energy / carbon efficiency
• Policy / legislation:
International / UNFCCC:• Kyoto protocol CP 1 (2008-12) and CP2 (2013-20)
• Paris Agreement
EU:
UK:• Climate Change Act (binding 80% GHG
cut by 2050 and 5-yearly carbon budgets)
• CCL; CCA; CRC; mGHG; SECR
• CPS / CPF
• RO, FiT, CfD, RHI...
2020 2030
GHG emission cuts (EU ETS + ESD) 20% 40%
Energy efficiency improvement (inc. ESOS) 20% 32.5%
Renewable energy share 20% 32%
CB1 2008-12 25%
CB2 2013-17 31%
CB3 2018-22 37%
CB4 2023-27 51%
CB5 2028-32 57%
©
What’s already been achieved?
• Significant investment, over several decades,
to improve energy / carbon efficiency:
– Fuel switching from coal to natural gas
– Heat recovery from kiln cooling air
– Switching from intermittent to continuous kilns
– Switching from tunnel kilns to roller-hearth kilns
– Reduced radiant, convective + hot gas leakage
– Improved thermal efficiency of refractories
– Burner improvements
– Process control / optimisation
– Reformulation to reduce / eliminate firings
– Conventional energy efficiency measures
©
What’s already been achieved?
• Recent evolution of Specific Energy Consumption (SEC):
SEC ~ 13%
lower in 2017
cf. 2003
Source: BCC quarterly energy and throughput database
©
Future Improvements in energy / carbon efficiency
• Cerame-Unie Roadmap:
65% emission
cut
78% emission
cut
Source: Cerame-Unie 2050 Roadmap
©
Future Improvements in energy / carbon efficiency
• UK Ceramic Industry / Govt Roadmap and Action Plan:
©15
Future Improvements in energy / carbon efficiency
Syngas - gasification and co-
firing:
• Not proven for continuous, at
scale operation - overcoming
tar build-up
• Availability of cost-effective
and sustainable feedstocks
• Cost
Hydrogen fuel:
Hydrogen
Oxygen
• Combustion characteristics
• Increased moisture content
of kiln atmosphere
• Impact of H2 on pipework
• NOx emissions
• Large scale H2 production
and distribution needed
• Safety
• Cost
Heat
Water
Durable, low-cost heat
exchangers for kiln exhausts:
• Corrosion resistance to
acidic kiln exhaust gases
• Cost
• Demonstration of heat pipe
heat exchangers?
• Technologies requiring development:
©16
Future Improvements in energy / carbon efficiency
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)
(electricity from waste heat)Large-scale electric kilns
(electrification of heat)
• Demonstration in a ceramics
environment (low temp kiln
exhausts and intermittent
kilns)
Carbon Capture Utilisation
and Storage (CCUS)
• Only for very largest sites
• More challenging than other
EIIs (geographic-spread,
lower CO2 vol, hotter exhaust
and acidic impurities)
• Later implementation than
other EIIs
• Cost
• Demonstration at scale
(radical re-design)
• Needs competitive elec.
prices - currently not viable
• Increased electrical demand
DRD Power looking for company to
trial waste heat system
• Technologies requiring development:
©17
Future Improvements in energy / carbon efficiency
• Overview of relevant UK Govt grant funding opportunities:
©18
Conclusions:
• Significant energy/carbon efficiency improvements already implemented.
• To deliver future improvements, whilst maintaining international
competitiveness, will require:
– A supportive regulatory framework.
– Support to increase the deployment of proven technologies.
– Support for the development of breakthrough technologies.
• Significant Govt funding is / soon will be available…now is time to act!