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Graduation Presentation Emilia Bruck. Mentor team: Micha de Haas, Marta Relats and Bas Gremmen Date of Graduation: 31-10-2014
Citation preview
The City to be injected with academic institutions
Bankers back to school
FINANCIAL TIMESFriday october 31, 2014
ACADEMIC BANK PROGRAM DISTRIBUTED OVER THE EXISTING
BANKS TO CREATE A NEW NETWORK LAYER FOR XENOGAMY
BETWEEN STUDENTS AND BANKERS AND BANKERS BETWEEN
• First settlement of ‘London School of Banking’ to be in-
stalled in LLoyds’ head officeThis FINANCIAL TIMES SPECIAL is completely devoted to a new academ-ic institution, the London School of Banking. A simple but revolutionary plan, developed by young architect Pépé Niemeijer, a member of studio Design as Politics of Delft University of Technology’s Faculty of Architec-ture. No new building in necessary (‘that’s old school’, says Niemei-jer), but instead a light 3-D printed constructions in the main bank offices will house the school. There, post-master students can learn from expert bankers and can contribute their own ideas for a more pluralistic banking policy. Research shows that financial injec-
tions don’t change the greedy anti-so-cial banking policy and the CEO’s seem deaf for any critique from outside their ivory towers. ‘So it has to come from within’, says Niemei-jer. That’s what makes this approach interesting.
Inside: the complete study!
SPECIAL
Graduation report Pépé Niemeijer Design mentor: Micha de Haas
Construction Mentor: Bas GremmenResearch Mentor: Marta Relats
Occasion
POPULATION WEALTH
700B $ USA 7.3% GDP40B $ UK 19.2% GDP16.7B $ Iceland 76% GDP
3.6T $ WORLD 5.7% GDP0.5%TOP
next
next
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7.5%
23.5%
68.5%
35.6%
43.7%
16.5%
4.2%
18 MILLION FORECLOSURES IN THE USA RealtyTrac, Federal Reserve, Equifax
ECONOMIC STUDENTS WANT THE REAL WORLD BACK IN THE CLASSROOM
BRING THE REAL WORLD, WITH THE CLASSROOM, BACK TO THE FINACIAL WORLD
City of London(the real world)
CITY OF LONDON WALL STREET HONG KONG FRANKFURT SINGAPORE
GREATER LONDON
8.196.700 INHABITANTS
606 sq Mile
CITY OF LONDON7.000 INHABITANTS
1sq Mile
THE CITY OF LONDON CORPORATION
LORD MAJOR OF
THE CITY OF LONDON
ALDERMEN1 PER WARD,
26 WARDS
COMMON COUNCIL-
LORS
COMMITEES
SHERRIF(X2)
LIVERYMEN
LIVERYCOMPANIES
FREEMENOF THE CITY
VOTES(80% BUSINESS
REPRESENTATIVES,20% IN HABITANTS)
elect
elect
approve
are
form
heads
Growth of the employees VS the dwellers in the City
200.000 epm.66%
368.000 emp.98%
7.000 dwellers2%
100.000 dwel.33%
1871 2013
Promotion of the City of London.Claiming that 98,5% is “small” �rms
Actual Calculation with amount of employees in small �rms in comparison with large �rmsshows that 70,000 of the employees in the City work in a Companie larger than 250 employees
259,000 emp.
37,625 emp.
10,650 emp.
11,000 emp.
20,400 emp14,285 emp.17,600 emp.
Size
98.5% of firms within the Square Mile employ fewer than 250 people (SMEs)
City of London, number of enterprises, by number of employees
No. employees No. enterprises 0–4 8,840 5–9 2,055 10–19 1,360 20–49 740 50–99 355 100–249 215 250+ 210 All employees 13,77 5
VS.
70% Employeesin big �rms
Type of �rms in the City
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
AgricultureManufacturing
ConstructionRetailHotel
TransportFinance
Business ServicesPublic Admin
EducationHealth and Social Work
Other
(Thousands)NumberProperty 6%
Associations 4% Central & Local Government 0%
Construction 3% Industry & manufacturing 2%
Education 1%
Media 3%
Services 5%
Financial 31%
Insurance 14%
Professional
16%
Services 11% Technology
9% Financial38%
Insurance10%
Businessservices32%
Other,(not �nancebusiness related20%)
VS.
�e Ring of Steel Since 1993 (against terrorism)
480.000 CCTV
63% of the roads blocked
�e Ring of Steel - Cold facts
63% of the roads closed
Nearly half a million CCTV’s
Everyones who cross the border is being registrated by picture and licence plate.
Since Ring of Steel changes the architecture ofthe border.
�e Ring of Steel - Cold facts
63% of the roads closed
Nearly half a million CCTV’s
Everyones who cross the border is being registrated by picture and licence plate.
Since Ring of Steel changes the architecture ofthe border.
City of London100% 2,6 km2
“public/open space”7,8% 0,2 km2
Private “public” space56% 0,12 km2
Public “public” space44% 0,08 km2
�is means that only 2% of the area of the Square mile is a usable public space, this 6,6 people per 1 m2.
Space > 1000m238% 0,03 km2 (30.800 m2)
Space < 1000m262% 0,05 km2 (49.400m2)
Program conceptThe academic bank
ECONOMIC STUDENTS WANT THE REAL WORLD BACK IN THE CLASSROOM
BRING THE REAL WORLD, WITH THE CLASSROOM, BACK TO THE FINACIAL WORLD
School of economics
School of business
School of �nance
School of law
?
+UNIVERSITY
BANK
Dealing room �e function of the bank where around the
o�ces are organized, at this point higly symbolic because the actual dealing room is now virtual
Vault �e place where the valuables are stored, o�en
not available anymore in banks
Conference space
O�ce space
CEO o�ce
Auditorium space
Bar
Waiting rooms
Foyer
Canteen
Co�ee bar
Lounge
Garden
Parking garage
Kitchen
Repro
BANK(symbolic)
GENERAL (BOTH) UNIVERSITY
Urban planInfiltration in existing bank network
ACADEMIC BANK PROGRAM DISTRIBUTED OVER THE EXISTING BANKS TO CREATE A
NEW NETWORK LAYER FOR XENOGAMYBETWEEN STUDENTS AND BANKERS AND
BANKERS BETWEEN
Goldman SachsFloorspace in atrium +/- Department on investment banking
4000m2
Royal bank of SchotlandFloorspace in atrium +/- Department for Commercial banking
9000m2
London Stock ExchangeFloorspace in atrium +/- Main building
2800m2
Lloyds of LondonFloorspace in atrium +/-Department for insurance banking
2500m2
Lloyds of London
Inst
alla
tion
s
Vert
ical
cir
cula
tion
Toile
tsFi
re s
tair
case
s
Administration 40.000
First Year Broker100.000
Third Year Broker 145.000
First Year Analist 170.000
Third Year Analist 310.000
Third Year Associate 700.000
First Year Associate 450.000
Vice president 1.200.000
Managing Director 2.500.000
Chief Executive O�cer 7.900.000 There are no clear lines all the way up to the top. What you have is lots
of ‘worlds’ with pipelines of information travelling up. Up there
the ‘global heads’ sit but often they can’t agree among themselves. There is no strategy built
at the top.”
The back-office uses the vocabulary of meritocracy, dividing the world in
winners and losers. The ‘winners’ genuinely seem to believe that they got to where
to they are on the basis of their performance
ECOLOGY BUILDING SOCIETY CEO 128.000,-
SOCIAL ECOLOGICAL GLS BANK CEO 125.000,-
NEW RESOURCES BANK CEO 427.632,-
TRIODOS CEO 325.000,-
BANK OF AMERICA CEO 14.000.000,-
LLOYDS BANKING GROUP CEO 7.876.500,-
VANCITY CEO 865.000,-
CITIGROUP CEO 14.900.000,-
JP MORGAN CHASE CEO 20.000.000,-
WELLS FARGO CEO 22.870.000,-
GOLDMAN SACHS CEO 53.695.000,-
Wages for CEO’s of banks with bonusses 1 million a year
Wages for CEO’s of banks without bonusses
BANK
CDO AAA
CDS
“As long as the task involved only mechanical skill, bonuses worked as they would expected: the higher the pay, the better the performance.
But once the task called for, even a rudimantiary cognitive skill, a larger re-ward led to poorer peformance.
In 8 of the nine tasks we examined across the three experiments, higher incentives led to worse peformance”
Dan Ariely, U Gneezy, G Lowenstein & N Mazar, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Working paper No. 05-11, July 2005; NY times 20 Nov 08
THE ARCHITECTURE IS USING THE SPACE IN THE ATRIUM (WHERE ALL LAYERS ARE CONNECTED) IT IS CREATING A SECOND NET-WORK BETWEEN THE LAYERS DISMANTELING THE HIERARCHY
AND OPENS UP WITH TRANSITIONS ON ALL LEVELS TO STIMULATE EXCHANGES BETWEEN STUDENTS AND BANKERS
Design(Concept/Principles)
Grid is 1.8m x 1.8m x 1.5m
Atrium is 3060 blocks
25% is 765 blocks
Grid is 1.8m x 1.8m x 1.5m
Atrium is 3060 blocks
25% is 765 blocks
MAIN LECTURE SPACE
SMALL LECTURE
SPACE
SEMINARSPACE
SEMINARSPACE
SEMINARSPACE
BAR
OFFICE CEO
LUTINE BELL
VIEW ON THE CITY OF LONDON
SPECIFIC PROGRAM IN THE ATRIUM
RECESSCOFFEE PLACE
STUDYSPACE
STUDYSPACE
RECESSCOFFEE PLACE
GENERIC PROGRAM ON THE OFFICE FLOOR AND BORDER
ALL PARTS OF THE ACADEMY ARE INTERCONNNECTED BY AN SECONDAIRY CIRULATION
THE INVERSE OF THE STRUCTURE THAT FORM THE SPACES OF THE ACADEMY
(�e speci�c program in purple and the secondair cir-culation and recess spaces in blue)
THE STRUCTURE WORKS AS A TRANSITION BETWEEN THE TWO INSTITUTIONS
Design(Structure)
900 X 900 X 750mm 900 X 900 X 375mm 450 X 450 X 375mm 450 X 450 X 375mm(with densi�cation)
The module is hollow for electric wires to support LED-strips
Corners are thicker for load distribution
Indentation to place LED-strips or rubbers for hand-grip
Holes for wires
Holes for wires connecting to other modules
25mm50mm
Console consists out of 4 elements
Placed around the columns in between the excisting consoles
Grid structure 450 x 450 No desi�cations at knots Densi�cation in grid where nesseary and small knots in corners
Homogene grid gets holes for spaces There is no homogeneous distribution of load and the grid gets densi�cation where nescerray
Now there are parts of the grid with less load where the grid can be streched up
Design(Spaces)
STUDY SPACE(Generic)
RECESS SPACE(Generic)
ENCLOSED SPACE(Speci�c)
ROUTE
SECUNDAIRNETWORK
SEMINAR SPACE
LECTURE SPACE
Re�ection of light
Refelction of the grid
100.
00
70.81 50.00
500.
00
225.
00
400.
0020
0.00
350.
0050
.00
50.00 400.00
450.0025.00200.00
25.0
015
0.00
375.
0035
0.00
375.
00
900.00
1800
.00
750.
00 900.00
300.
00
450.00
325.
0075
0.00
Level 2 (13.500 m)
Level 3 (18.000 m )
Detail; Scale 1:10 ; Seminar space seating stand
Detail; Scale 1:10 ; Glass curtain wall second lecture room
Section; Scale 1:20
Level 4 (22.500 m)
Level 2 + 1.00 m (14.500 m)
Plan; Scale; 1:20
Pépé Niemeijer 2014
Dilatation/ noise attenuationrubber
Block with pro�le
upholstery of the module
upholstery of the module
clamps for the upholstery in ceiling and walls
isolation
re�ecting alluminium plate(upholstery for the skin of the spaces
BAR
Recap(Role of the architect)
Thank you.
Air out
Air in
Air out
Air in
Air out
Air in
Air outAir out
Air in
Air in
Air out Air in
Air trough triple glazing
Atrium provides light
Atrium is used to cool down the building over night
The structure is open so the atrium could still ventilate overnight and less during the day
The structure lightup around rooms and activity
Air dispencer (pipes around space within the isolation layer) for more equal air distrubutionin the space
Lamps are painted black
Conditioned air distributed trough the sub �oor plenum
Glazing has a sun refelction coating
Lamps are painted white
No sun re�ection coating on glazing
Distribution air trough glazing
Air ventilated out of the o�ces trough light-�tting
100.
00
70.81 50.00
500.
00
225.
00
400.
0020
0.00
350.
0050
.00
50.00 400.00
450.0025.00200.00
25.0
015
0.00
375.
0035
0.00
375.
00
900.00
1800
.00
750.
00 900.00
300.
00
450.00
325.
0075
0.00
Level 2 (13.500 m)
Level 3 (18.000 m )
Detail; Scale 1:10 ; Seminar space seating stand
Detail; Scale 1:10 ; Glass curtain wall second lecture room
Section; Scale 1:20
Level 4 (22.500 m)
Level 2 + 1.00 m (14.500 m)
Plan; Scale; 1:20
Pépé Niemeijer 2014