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Academic entitlement

Expectation of academic success without personal responsibility for achieving that

successIndividual difference related to narcissism,psychological entitlement Explains some of the variance in uncivilstudent attitudes and behaviors

e.g. rude emails demanding specialconsideration for a late paper

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P rior researchScale development, question generation(2002-2005)

Situational vignettes (2005)Student ratings of appropriateness and likelihoodInstructor ratings of appropriateness

Correlates of academic entitlement (2005-2006)

Factor structure of the scale (2005-2006)

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Behavioral validationP rior research shows that participants highin self-esteem 1, narcissism 2, and academic

contingencies of self-worth3

typically havenegative reactions to self-threateningfeedbackThese reactions include greaterantagonism 4, aggression 5, derogation of others (including friends) 6, exaggerationof positive traits 7, and less likeability 4

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Behavioral validation

Entitled students should responddifferently than non-entitled students to

academic feedback, especially negativefeedback

P roposed procedure

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P rocedure (1)

Collect self-reported psychologicalentitlement, grandiosity, academic

entitlement online in prescreeningRecruit participants with extreme scores,but allow unrestricted signupsRun two parallel studies with two informedconsents for one half-hour (or one hour)of credit

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P rocedure (2)

Explain cover story (with first informedconsent: Academic Task Calibration ) of

obtaining norms at OU for this diagnostictask to add to national databaseEmphasize incentives to do well: task ispredictive of success, cash prizes

Administer task, take responses out of theroom to be graded

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P rocedure (3)

Give second informed consent: P ersonality Correlates for self report

measures(Cognitive style, Entitlement)

Once self-report measures are completed,return folder to participants in thefeedback conditions

Graded response sheet with red marks Answer sheet with high/low national norms

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P rocedure (4)

Evaluation of task, experimenter, etc. Validity of task in measuring collegesuccess

Accuracy, fairness, suitability

Competence of experimenterUsefulness, helpfulness, accuracy of grading

Open-ended comments2nd trial on taskDebriefing

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M anipulation

Objective academic task to induce self-threat with negative feedback

Remote Associates Test Boggle taskGRE/SAT items

Your ideas?

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Boggle taskThe Boggler Classic game uses a 4 x 4 matrix.There is a 3 minute time limit. Valid words must be at least three letters long.Example:

Y A T R

P H N E

X C L Y

S V E T

P roblems: Boggle isprinted in the OU Daily

Believability that this is

predictive of academicsuccess?

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Remote Associates Test M ednick, 1968, Shames, 1994

Easy items:

Widow B ite M onkeyCoin Quick Spoon

Used by Vohs & Heatherton (2000, 2001, 2004 )

Benefits: Can manipulate difficulty levelIncreased believability

µDifficult¶ items:

Sore Shoulder Sweat Note Dive Chair