ABSOLUTE MONARCHS IN ABSOLUTE MONARCHS IN EUROPE 1500-1800EUROPE 1500-1800

CH. 7 BCH. 7 B

RUSSIAN CZAR’S INCREASE POWERRUSSIAN CZAR’S INCREASE POWERIVAN III: RULED RUSSIA FROM 1462-1505.IVAN III: RULED RUSSIA FROM 1462-1505.

IVAN III’S THREE ACCOMPLISHMENTS:IVAN III’S THREE ACCOMPLISHMENTS:– 1. CONQUERED TERRITORY AROUND 1. CONQUERED TERRITORY AROUND

MOSCOW.MOSCOW.– 2. LIBERATED RUSSIA FROM THE 2. LIBERATED RUSSIA FROM THE

MONGELS.MONGELS.– 3. BEGAN TO CENTRALIZE RUSSIAN 3. BEGAN TO CENTRALIZE RUSSIAN

GOV’T.GOV’T.

FROM IVAN TO THE ROMANOVS:FROM IVAN TO THE ROMANOVS:– IVAN III WAS SUCCEEDED BY HIS SON IVAN III WAS SUCCEEDED BY HIS SON

VASILY; WHO WAS SUCCEEDED BY HIS VASILY; WHO WAS SUCCEEDED BY HIS SON IVAN IV.SON IVAN IV.

FROM IVAN TO THE ROMANOVS:FROM IVAN TO THE ROMANOVS: A. IVAN TOOK THE THRONE AT AGE THREE.A. IVAN TOOK THE THRONE AT AGE THREE.

B. BOYARS: RUSSIAN NOBLES.B. BOYARS: RUSSIAN NOBLES.

C. BOYARS FOUGHT TO CONTROL IVAN.C. BOYARS FOUGHT TO CONTROL IVAN.

D. AT AGE 16 IVAN SEIZED THE CROWN AND D. AT AGE 16 IVAN SEIZED THE CROWN AND DECLARED HIMSELF CZAR (RUSSIAN DECLARED HIMSELF CZAR (RUSSIAN CEASAR).CEASAR).

IVAN’S GOOD YEARS(1547-1560): RULED IVAN’S GOOD YEARS(1547-1560): RULED JUSTLY; MADE CODE OF LAWS; ADDED JUSTLY; MADE CODE OF LAWS; ADDED LANDS.LANDS.

IVAN’S BAD YEARS: BEGAN IN 1560 AFTER IVAN’S BAD YEARS: BEGAN IN 1560 AFTER HIS WIFE’S DEATH; HE ACCUSSED BOYARS HIS WIFE’S DEATH; HE ACCUSSED BOYARS FOR HER DEATH AND USED A SECRET FOR HER DEATH AND USED A SECRET POLICE TO KILL BOYARS AND STRIP THEM POLICE TO KILL BOYARS AND STRIP THEM OF THEIR LAND.OF THEIR LAND.

FROM IVAN TO THE ROMANOVS:FROM IVAN TO THE ROMANOVS:

RISE OF THE ROMANOVS:RISE OF THE ROMANOVS:

– A. AFTER IVAN’S DEATH AND HIS A. AFTER IVAN’S DEATH AND HIS SON’S DEATH, MICHAEL ROMANOV SON’S DEATH, MICHAEL ROMANOV TOOK OVER.THE ROMANOV FAMILY TOOK OVER.THE ROMANOV FAMILY WOULD RULE FOR 300 YEARS.WOULD RULE FOR 300 YEARS.

PETER THE GREAT TAKES THE PETER THE GREAT TAKES THE THRONE:THRONE:

PETER BECAME THE SOLE RULER OF PETER BECAME THE SOLE RULER OF RUSSIA IN 1696. RUSSIA IN 1696. Czar_Peter_Takes_Power_asf.asfCzar_Peter_Takes_Power_asf.asf

WESTERNIZATION: USING WESTERN WESTERNIZATION: USING WESTERN EUROPE AS A MODEL FOR CHANGE.EUROPE AS A MODEL FOR CHANGE.PETER SENDS GOV’T OFFICIALS TO W. PETER SENDS GOV’T OFFICIALS TO W. EUROPE TO STUDY EUROPEAN SHIPS AND EUROPE TO STUDY EUROPEAN SHIPS AND TECHNOLOGY.TECHNOLOGY.PETER BROUGHT RUSSIAN ORTHADOX PETER BROUGHT RUSSIAN ORTHADOX CHURCH UNDER CONTROL OF THE STATE.CHURCH UNDER CONTROL OF THE STATE.REDUCED THE POWER OF LAND OWNERS REDUCED THE POWER OF LAND OWNERS AND GRANTED LAND TO THE POOR.AND GRANTED LAND TO THE POOR.IMPOSED TAXES AND IMPROVED THE IMPOSED TAXES AND IMPROVED THE ARMY.ARMY.

PETER THE GREAT TAKES THE PETER THE GREAT TAKES THE THRONE:THRONE:

PETER’S 4 ATTEMPTS TO PETER’S 4 ATTEMPTS TO WESTERNIZE RUSSIA: WESTERNIZE RUSSIA: Bringing_Western_Ideas_to_Russia_asf.asfBringing_Western_Ideas_to_Russia_asf.asf

– 1. INTRO. POTATOES1. INTRO. POTATOES– 2. STARTED RUSSIA’S 12. STARTED RUSSIA’S 1STST NEWSPAPER NEWSPAPER– 3. RAISED WOMEN’S STATUS.3. RAISED WOMEN’S STATUS.– 4. ORDERED NOBLES TO GIVE UP 4. ORDERED NOBLES TO GIVE UP

TRADITIONAL CLOTHES.TRADITIONAL CLOTHES.The_Costs_of_Building_St__Petersburg_asf.asfThe_Costs_of_Building_St__Petersburg_asf.asf

PARLIAMENT LIMITS THE ENGLISH PARLIAMENT LIMITS THE ENGLISH MONARCHYMONARCHY

MONARCH’S CLASH W/ PARLIAMENTMONARCH’S CLASH W/ PARLIAMENT

A. -ELIZABETH’S SUCCESSOR WAS JAMES A. -ELIZABETH’S SUCCESSOR WAS JAMES STUART, KING OF SCOTLAND (JAMES I).STUART, KING OF SCOTLAND (JAMES I).– 1. JAMES THOUGHT HE HAD OVERALL 1. JAMES THOUGHT HE HAD OVERALL

POWER, BUT PARLIAMENT MADE MONEY POWER, BUT PARLIAMENT MADE MONEY DECISIONS.DECISIONS.

– 2. JAMES APPROVED A NEW 2. JAMES APPROVED A NEW TRANSLATION OF THE BIBLE.TRANSLATION OF THE BIBLE.

B. CHARLES I (JAMES SON) FIGHTS B. CHARLES I (JAMES SON) FIGHTS PARLIAMENT: PARLIAMENT:

PARLIAMENT LIMITS THE ENGLISH PARLIAMENT LIMITS THE ENGLISH MONARCHYMONARCHY

– 1. CHARLES SIGNS PETITION OF RIGHT 1. CHARLES SIGNS PETITION OF RIGHT W/ PARLIAMENT.W/ PARLIAMENT.

NO IMPRISONMENT W/OUT DUE NO IMPRISONMENT W/OUT DUE CAUSE.CAUSE.NO TAXES W/OUT PARLIAMENT NO TAXES W/OUT PARLIAMENT CONSENT.CONSENT.NO SOLDIERS HOUSED IN PRIVATE NO SOLDIERS HOUSED IN PRIVATE HOMES.HOMES.NO MARTIAL LAW IN PEACE TIME.NO MARTIAL LAW IN PEACE TIME.

– 2. AFTER AGREEING TO TERMS CHARLES 2. AFTER AGREEING TO TERMS CHARLES IGNORED THEM.IGNORED THEM.

– 3. CHARLES THEN DISSOLVED 3. CHARLES THEN DISSOLVED PARLIAMENT.PARLIAMENT.

ENGLISH CIVIL WARENGLISH CIVIL WAR1. WAR TOPPLES KING:1. WAR TOPPLES KING:– A. PARLIAMENT PASSED LAWS TO LIMIT A. PARLIAMENT PASSED LAWS TO LIMIT

ROYAL POWER.ROYAL POWER.– B. ENGLISH CIVIL WAR: N LOYAL TO B. ENGLISH CIVIL WAR: N LOYAL TO

CHARLES AND WERE CALLED ROYALIST CHARLES AND WERE CALLED ROYALIST OR CAVALIERS VS. SOUTHERN PURITAN OR CAVALIERS VS. SOUTHERN PURITAN SUPPORTERS OF PARLIAMENT OR SUPPORTERS OF PARLIAMENT OR ROUNDHEADS.ROUNDHEADS.

– C. OLIVER CROMWELL: HIS NEW MODEL C. OLIVER CROMWELL: HIS NEW MODEL ARMY DEFEATED CAVALIERS AND ARMY DEFEATED CAVALIERS AND CAPTURED CHARLES.CAPTURED CHARLES.

– D. CHARLES PUT TO TRIAL FOR TREASON D. CHARLES PUT TO TRIAL FOR TREASON AND SENTENCED TO DEATH. AND SENTENCED TO DEATH.

RESTORATION AND REVOLUTIONRESTORATION AND REVOLUTIONCROMWELL RULED UNTIL HIS DEATH AND CROMWELL RULED UNTIL HIS DEATH AND THE PEOPLE ASKED CHARLES SON TO THE PEOPLE ASKED CHARLES SON TO RULE.RULE.PRINCE CHARLES II: TAKES OVER ENGLAND PRINCE CHARLES II: TAKES OVER ENGLAND AND RESTORES THE MONARCHY; THIS IS AND RESTORES THE MONARCHY; THIS IS CALLED THE RESTORATION.CALLED THE RESTORATION.WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS: STATED THAT WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS: STATED THAT ALL PRISONERS MUST BE BROUGHT ALL PRISONERS MUST BE BROUGHT BEFORE A JUDGE.BEFORE A JUDGE.CHARLES II HAD NO CHILDREN AND HIS CHARLES II HAD NO CHILDREN AND HIS HEIR WAS HIS CATHOLIC BROTHER JAMES HEIR WAS HIS CATHOLIC BROTHER JAMES II.II.– 1. TORIES: SUPPORTED JAMES1. TORIES: SUPPORTED JAMES– 2. WHIGS: OPPOSED JAMES2. WHIGS: OPPOSED JAMES

RESTORATION AND REVOLUTIONRESTORATION AND REVOLUTION

JAMES II BECOMES KING AND IS JAMES II BECOMES KING AND IS OVERTHROWN IN THE SAKE OF OVERTHROWN IN THE SAKE OF PROTESTANTISM.PROTESTANTISM.

POLITICAL CHANGESPOLITICAL CHANGESCONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY: LAWS LIMIT CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY: LAWS LIMIT RULER’S POWER.RULER’S POWER.

ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS: ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS: – 1. NO SUSPENDING PARLIAMENTS LAWS.1. NO SUSPENDING PARLIAMENTS LAWS.– 2. NO LEVYING TAXES W/OUT 2. NO LEVYING TAXES W/OUT

PARLIAMENT’S CONSENT.PARLIAMENT’S CONSENT.– 3. NO INTERFERING W/ FREEDOM OF 3. NO INTERFERING W/ FREEDOM OF

SPEECH IN PARLIAMENT.SPEECH IN PARLIAMENT.– 4. NO PENALTY FOR CITIZENS 4. NO PENALTY FOR CITIZENS

PETITIONING THE KING ABOUT PETITIONING THE KING ABOUT GRIEVENCES.GRIEVENCES.

WILLIAM AND MARY CONSENT TO THE BILL WILLIAM AND MARY CONSENT TO THE BILL OF RIGHTS AND THEIR POWER IS LIMITED,OF RIGHTS AND THEIR POWER IS LIMITED,

POLITICAL CHANGESPOLITICAL CHANGES

CABINET FORMS: GOV’T OFFICIALS CABINET FORMS: GOV’T OFFICIALS THAT ACT IN THE RULERS NAME.THAT ACT IN THE RULERS NAME.

THE ENGLISH KING IS NOW A THE ENGLISH KING IS NOW A FIGUREHEAD.FIGUREHEAD.