SUMMER

2012MAGAZINE About Life

反思慎行Rethink, React本會最新發表的《地球生命力報告》，指出人類仍嚴重地 透支地球有限的資源。時值「里約+20」峰會剛在6月舉行，究竟不同國家如何能聯手扭轉局勢？Humankind is still over-drafting the Earth’s limited resources according to WWF’s latest Living Planet Report. In light of the Rio+20 Summit, how can different nations work together to turn the tide?

唯有每人攜手行動，方能有可持續的未來A sustainable future requires action by all

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1秋季 AUTUMN 2010

本人於2012年4月1日，正式成為世界自然基金會香港分會的行政總裁，今次是我第一次跟大家通訊。首先，本人深感榮幸，有機會領導這知名的全球性環保組織。過去

三十多年來，世界自然基金會對香港的保育工作深具影響力，我們至今取得的保育成

果，全賴本會的人才，全球品牌的號召力，以及捐款人堅定不移的支持。

我們會努力不懈，繼續透過保育和教育項目，正面影響人們的生活和行為。本會的一

大目標，是在保育、教育項目捐款、會員人數和品牌號召力的成效方面，成為本地最

受市民認可的環保組織。地球資源有限，本會相信在可持續發展方面，我們可以做得

更好。運動員常常說：紀錄是用來打破的，沒有終點可言。同樣，我們也要為生生不

息的地球，不斷取得保育成果。所以，我們的工作也不會休止。

在未來，我會把握機會，跟本會出色的團隊合作，讓世界自然基金會在保育上再創

佳績。

This message is my first communication as the new Chief Executive Officer of WWF-Hong Kong after officially assuming the role on 1 April, 2012. First, I feel extremely honoured to be given the opportunity to lead this renowned global conservation organization forward. Having been established for over thirty years in Hong Kong, WWF has a distinguished track record of impactful conservation accomplishments. Our success to date is attributed to our talented staff, the strength of our brand and the unwavering support of our donors.

Though we have achieved much so far, we need to continue to strive for ever greater impact on influencing human behaviour via our conservation and education programmes. Our objective is to become the best supported environmental NGO in Hong Kong. That support can be measured in multiple forms: conservation project deliverables, education programme impacts, donations, member base and brand strength. WWF has always set a high bar for itself but we can always do better on sustainable development of the world’s resources. As they say in sports: Records are set to be broken. There is no finish line. Our work also has no finish line. We have to constantly challenge ourselves to make even greater differences in our programme outcomes.

CEO 的話CEO's MEssAGE

行政總裁 顧志翔

Adam Koo , CEO

全球保育快訊 p. 2GlObAl COnsErvAtiOn nEws

封面故事 COvEr stOry p. 4轉變的契機A Chance for Change

專題 FEAturE p. 14保育潮流 勢不可擋The Tide is Turning

認識本會人員 wwF pEOplE p. 20掌舵人交接Changing of the Guard

如有任何意見，請電郵至 aboutlife@wwf.org.hkFor comments, email aboutlife@wwf.org.hk

© 版權2012；本會保留所有版權© Copyright 2012. All rights reserved.

封面 Cover: ESA

出版機構 Publisher: 世界自然基金會香港分會 WWF – Hong Kong

總編輯 Managing Editor: June Ng

編輯 Editor: Doretta Lau

撰寫Contributors: Harry Thompson, Doretta Lau, Winnie Chau

翻譯 Translator: Ashley Lim

設計 Design: adeddesign

印刷 Printing: 精雅印刷有限公司 Elegance Printing Company Limited

此印刷品以FSC認證紙張和含植物油油墨印製，包含再造物料。產品組源自良好管理的森林， 受控的來源循還木材或纖維。This magazine is printed on FSC certified paper, containing recycled materials and using vegetable oil-based inks.

生態足印 FOOtprint保育 COnsErvAtiOn

全球保育快訊Global Conservation news

墨西哥的新氣候法new Climate law in mexiCo墨西哥眾議院的代表於2012年4月19日通過一條氣候法，要求全國二氧化碳排放量於2050年減少50％。政府亦將逐步取消化石燃料的補貼，增加可再生能源的競爭力；在2020年前將二氧化碳排放量減少30%；及確保在2024年前35%的電力來自潔淨能源。這是繼英國後第二個有此等法例的國家。

The Mexican House of Representatives passed a climate law on 19 April 2012 requiring the entire country to reduce carbon emissions by 50 percent by 2050. The government will phase out fossil fuel subsidies; make renewable energy competitive; cut carbon emissions 30 percent by 2020; and ensure that 35 percent of electricity will be derived from clean sources by 2024. This is a ground-breaking law – it is the second of its kind in the world after legislation passed by the United Kingdom.

巴西的抗爭battle in brazil巴西眾議院（The Brazilian Chamber of Deputies）最近放寬當地的森林法，在環境保育工作的進程上後退了一步。該法

可追溯至1965年，規定農民在進行開墾耕作時必須保育一定比例的森林。法例放寬後，農民現在可以在靠近山頂和河岸地區

的土地上耕作，而這些林地在開闢後受侵蝕的機會相當高。這

些變化的出現，可能令巴西無法達致其排放目標。

The Brazilian Chamber of Deputies has recently taken a step backward in their environmental conservation efforts, easing their Forest Code. The code dates back to 1965 and protects a percentage of forest from being used as farmland. Under the change, farmers can now cultivate areas close to hilltops and riverbanks, which have a high possibility of erosion when deforested. Under these new changes, Brazil may miss its emissions targets.

喀麥隆打擊盜獵Cameroon CraCks Down on PoaChinG 多個環保團體批評喀麥隆當局輕罰嚴重盜獵個案只

會姑息罪犯後，當局開始向盜獵者和販賣者改判巨

額罰款與長期監禁。至今，法庭已分別判處17人高達16萬美元罰款和最高刑期為30個月的監禁。世界自然基金會、喀麥隆林業與野生動物部（Cameroon Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife）與「最後的巨猿」組織（Last Great Ape Organization）長期向法院施壓要求增加野生動物罪犯的刑罰，終於見到

成效。

Cameroon has begun to hand out high fines and lengthy prison terms to wildlife poachers and traffickers after coming under fire from conservation organizations for previous mild penalties for serious offenses. The courts have sentenced 17 individuals to damages of about US $160,000 and maximum prison terms of 30 months. The efforts that WWF, the Cameroon Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife and the Last Great Ape Organization made in pressuring the courts for stronger penalties for wildlife criminals have finally paid off.

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澳洲建立全球最大海岸公園網絡australia Creates the worlD's biGGest marine Park network澳洲於今年6月14日設立這全球最大型的海洋保護區，面積超過當地水域的三分之一，為保護海洋立下重要先例，是本會超

過十五年努力的里程碑，本會對此深表歡迎。在新保護區網絡

中，最珍貴的是珊瑚海（Coral Sea）海岸公園，連同毗鄰的大堡礁，將成為全球最大的海洋保護區。

On 14 June 2012, Australia created the world’s biggest network of marine protected areas, setting an important precedent for ocean protection. WWF welcomed the new system of marine parks that now covers more than one-third of the Commonwealth waters of Australia – a milestone that WWF has been working towards for more than 15 years. The jewel in the crown of the new network is the Coral Sea marine park that, together with the adjacent Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, will make up the world’s largest marine protected area.

電子貿易平台， 向非法野生動物販賣說不China e-CommerCe CraCkDown中國有15家經營網購平台公司，包括亞里巴巴、淘寶及騰訊等，已簽署聲明，對網內非法野生動物交易採

取「零容忍」政策。

Fifteen of the leading e-commerce sellers operating in China, including Alibaba, Taobao, and Tencent, have signed a declaration stating they have a zero-tolerance policy towards their services being used to conduct illegal wildlife trading.

世界自然基金會香港分會將濕地保育知識帶到廣東wwF-honG konG brinGs wetlanD Conservation exPertise to GuanGDonG由世界自然基金會、�豐、廣東省林業廳及海豐縣

共同建立的「廣東海豐鳥類自然保護區教育中心及

生態教育園」正式啟用。本會承蒙�豐資助，於

2005年啟動為期五年的華南濕地項目。此項目的其中一個主要部分是位於廣東省海豐縣、面積達11,590公頃的廣東海豐鳥類省級自然保護區。本會亦於區

內興建教育設施，以及向當地學校推廣可持續發展

教育項目，至今已有逾3,400名學生受惠。

The Guangdong Haifeng Nature Reserve and eco-education boardwalk is open. The centre was established by WWF, HSBC, Forestry Bureau of Guangdong Province and Hai Feng County. Sponsored by HSBC, WWF launched the five-year South China Wetland programme in 2005. One major objective of the project is to conserve the 11,590 hectare Haifeng Nature Reserve, and to promote education for sustainable development (ESD) in the region. So far 3,400 students have benefited from our work.

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A ChAnCe for ChAnge

轉變的契機生態足印 footprint

地球峰會首次舉行的二十年後，世界自然基金會發表的《地球生命力報告》， 發現人類依舊嚴重地透支地球資源。我們該怎樣做，才能邁向可持續發展的未來？Two decades after the first Earth Summit, WWF’s latest Living Planet Report finds that humankind is still overdrafting the planet’s resources. How can we move towards a sustainable future?

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6WWF 生命之延 About Life

wenty years ago, more than 100 heads of state and government met in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for the first-ever United Nations Earth Summit. Over the course of two weeks, participants discussed ways to refashion the world’s economic development to be green, fair

and sustainable. During this time, these pioneers established a wide range of agreements and principles on sustainable use of natural resources and sustainable development (see side bar below).

The UN returned to Rio de Janeiro for Earth Summit 2012 (also known as Rio +20) this June. The conference focused on “a green economy in the context of sustainable development poverty eradication” and “the institutional framework for sustainable development.” World leaders worked in concert with NGOs, members of government, the private sector and other groups to shape the future of our planet.

In May, WWF issued the Living Planet Report 2012, a biennial publication detailing the health of the planet based on our Living Planet Index (LPI) and Ecological Footprint. The report finds that our planet is not healthy. Humanity is currently using 50 percent more resources than the Earth can provide, putting tremendous pressure on our ecosystems. It takes the Earth one and a half years to regenerate the goods and services we use, and to absorb the CO2 emissions that we produce. If this trend continues, by 2030 even two Earths will not be enough to sustain us!

十年前，超過100位國家元首和政府首腦在巴西里約熱

內盧召開首個聯合國地球峰

會。參加者在兩星期的會期內，探討如

何重塑全球經濟的發展模式，使其變得

更環保、公平及符合可持續發展原則。

期間，這些環保先驅制定多個協議和原

則，推動自然資源的可持續使用及可持

續發展（詳情見側欄）。

今年六月，聯合國重返里約熱內盧舉行

2012地球峰會（又名「里約+20峰會」）。會議的兩大議題包括「在可持續發展

及消除貧窮的前題下推動綠色經濟」及

「可持續發展的體制框架」。全球領袖

要與非政府組織、政府成員、工商界及

其他團體通力合作，共建地球的未來。

本會於今年五月發表《地球生命力報告

2012》。這份每兩年發表一次的報告，使用地球生命力指數（LPI）和生態足

印評估地球的健康狀況。報告指出地球

的健康狀況並不理想。人類使用的資

源已超過地球所能供給的50%，令我們的生態系統承受莫大的壓力。地球要用

一年半時間才能補給我們一年內使用的

資源和生態系統服務，以處理我們排出

的二氧化碳。如果再不改變這趨勢，到

2030年，即使兩個地球也不能滿足我們的需求！

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里約+20峰會及地球峰會rio+20 And eArth Summit

《地球生命力報告》 每兩年發表一次，

使用地球生命力指數（LPI）和生態足印評估

地球的健康狀況。the Living pLAnet

report iS A bienniAL pubLiCAtion,

detAiLing the heALth of the pLAnet

bASed on our Living pLAnet index (Lpi)

And eCoLogiCAL footprint.

計算地球生命力指數，需要運用不同的監察方法，蒐集野外物種數量的數據和趨勢。上圖：研究員在挪威記錄被麻醉的北極熊的狀況和形態。右圖：生物學家在菲律賓為鯨鯊作追蹤標籤。Various monitoring techniques are required to gather information on wildlife population trends to calculate the Living Planet Index (LPI). Above: A researcher takes notes on the condition and morphology of an anaesthetized polar bear in Norway. Right: A biologist tags a Whale shark in the Philippines.

7夏季 SUMMER 2012

什麼是地球生命力指數？WhAt iS the Living pLAnet index (Lpi)?地球生命力指數反映地球生物多樣

性的健康狀況。它的運作跟證券交

易所股價指數相似，記錄全球不同

物種平均數目上升或下降的趨勢。

LPI reflects the overall health of our planet’s biodiversity. It works a bit like a stock exchange index, tracking average changes in animal populations around the world.

二十年前，過百位國家元首和政府首腦齊集於

里約熱內盧地球峰會，為可持續發展正式展開

對話，促進全球各國間之緊密合作。當時各國

領袖發表了里約宣言，宣言包括27條原則，旨在解決環境與發展的問題，更率先訂定三條環

境協議，分別針對氣候變化、生物多樣性下降

及沙漠化等環境問題。

在地球峰會上簽署的《聯合國氣候變化綱要

公約》承諾遏止「危險的氣候變化」。五年後

各國達成《京都協議書》，制定具法律約束力

的減排目標，規定大部分最富裕國家削減二氧

化碳排放。

「里約+20峰會」再次齊集全球領袖，旨在更新各國政府對可持續發展所作的政治承諾，評估

過去協議的進度，攜手迎接未來的環境挑戰。

Twenty years ago, the Earth Summit in Rio brought more than 100 heads of state and government together. This event kickstarted dialogue regarding sustainability and represented a high-watermark for global co-operation. At the time, leaders established the Rio Declaration, 27 principles that define how to deal with issues of environment and development. They also worked on three ground-breaking environmental treaties, which addressed the issues of climate change, disappearing biodiversity and desertification.

The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, developed at the original Rio summit, pledged to prevent “dangerous climate change”. Five years later, it spawned the Kyoto Protocol, which set legally binding targets for most rich nations to cut emissions of carbon dioxide.

Rio+20 was a platform for world leaders to meet once again with the objective of securing renewed political commitment to sustainable development, as well as assessing the progress of earlier commitments and looking at emerging environmental challenges.

里約+20峰會及地球峰會rio+20 And eArth Summit

生物多樣性下降及其影響全球的生物多樣性持續下降，其中以熱

帶地區和淡水生境地最為嚴重。《地球

生 命 力 報 告 》 採 用 地 球 生 命 力 指 數

（LPI）─即追蹤2,688個脊椎動物物種中9,000多個種群的數目，來評估地球生態系統的健康狀況。自1970年以來，全球的地球生命力指數已下降近30%，其中熱帶地區更是重災區，下降幅度達60%。

在生物多樣性豐富的亞洲，情況尤其令

人擔憂。在印度–太平洋一帶，地球

生命力指數大幅下降，主要物種數目在

同期減少64%。舉例說，在「婆羅洲之心」，於1985年至2005年間，每年平均有850,000公頃的森林，因棕櫚油產業、採礦及生產木材等原因而消失。若這個

情況持續，到2020年森林面積將縮減至只有1950年的三分之一。生境地喪失對在該區棲息的野生動物，如猩猩、侏儒

象、雲豹和蘇門犀等會造成重大影響。

biodiverSity LoSS And itS impACtBiodiversity continues to decline. Tropical and freshwater habitats have been hit hardest. The Living Planet Report uses the global Living Planet Index (LPI) to measure changes in the health of the planet’s ecosystems by tracking 9,000 populations of 2,688 vertebrate species. The global LPI shows a decrease of around 30 percent since 1970, with the tropics declining by a staggering 60 percent in less than 40 years.

The situation is particularly worrisome in biodiversity-rich Asia. In the Indo-Pacific region, the LPI shows an even greater decline of 64 percent in key populations of species over the same period. For example, in the Heart of Borneo, an average of 850,000 hectares of forest was lost every year between 1985 and 2005, due to palm oil plantations, mining and timber production. If this continues, by 2020 forest cover will drop to less than a third of what it was in 1950. Such habitat loss leads to tremendous impact on the wildlife inhabiting this region, such as the orangutan, pygmy elephant, clouded leopard and Sumatran rhino.

在「婆羅洲之心」，於1985年至2005年間，每年平均有850,000公頃的森林消失，用開墾作棕櫚園、採礦及生產木材。In the Heart of Borneo, an average of 850,000 hectares of forest was lost every year between 1985 and 2005, due to palm oil plantations, mining and timber production.

在過去四十年間，逾40%的珊瑚礁和紅樹林在珊瑚大三角一帶消失，導致多個魚類品種數目急劇下降。Over 40 percent of the coral reefs and mangroves of the region have disappeared from the Coral Triangle over the last 40 years, exacerbating the decline in many fish populations.

自1950年起，全球捕撈船隊的捕魚面積大幅增加十倍。Since 1950, the area fished by global fishing fleets has increased ten-fold.

850,000公頃 heCtAreS

40% x10

8WWF 生命之延 About Life

Things are not well underwater either. Over 40 percent of the coral reefs and mangroves of the region have disappeared from the Coral Triangle over the last 40 years, exacerbating the decline in many fish populations. The Mekong River, in the Greater Mekong Subregion, is facing huge pressure on infrastructure development, threatening its populations of Irrawaddy dolphins.

Oceans are also seriously threatened by overexploitation. Between 1950 and 2005, industrial fisheries expanded worldwide. Since 1950, the area fished by global fishing fleets has increased ten-fold. By 2006, 100 million square kilometres, around one-third of the ocean surface, was already heavily impacted by fishing. There has been nearly a five-fold increase in global marine catch, from 19 million tonnes in 1950 to 87 million tonnes in 2005. The lack of effective management and the ever increasing market demand has led to widespread unsustainable fisheries. Populations of some of the highly-sought after and vulnerable species, such as bluefin tuna, sharks and a lot of the live reef food fish like groupers are showing serious signs of decline.

水底世界的情況亦不見得樂觀。在過去

四十年間，逾40%的珊瑚礁和紅樹林在珊瑚大三角一帶消失，導致多個魚類品

種數目急劇下降。在大湄公河次區域，

湄公河已因為基建發展而面臨重大壓

力，嚴重威脅到伊河海豚的生存。

過度開發同樣危及海洋健康。工業化漁

業於1950年至2005年間在全球迅速發展。自1950年起，全球捕撈船隊的捕魚面積大幅增加十倍。至2006年，共一億平方公里─即全球海洋面積的三分之

一，遭受捕魚活動的嚴重破壞。全球捕

撈量由1950年的1,900萬噸上升至2005年的8,700萬噸，數字大幅上升近五倍。缺乏有效的漁業管理措施，加上與日俱

增的市場需求，正逐步把全球漁業推向

不可持續發展。深受喜愛的受威脅物種

如藍鰭吞拿魚、鯊魚及石斑等多種活珊

瑚魚的數目正急劇下降。

生態足印是用作測量可滿足人類需求之可再生資源、基礎建設的耗用，或吸收二氧化碳排放的土地

面積單位（gha）。生態足印由甚麼組成？

The Ecological Footprint measures the biological productive area that people need for provision of renewable resources, occupy with infrastructure, or require for absorption of CO2 waste, using global hectare (gha) as the unit of measurement. What are the components of the footprint?

碳 CArbon處理經燃燒化石燃料製造的碳排放所

需的森林面積（不包括被海洋吸收而

導致海水酸化部分），屬量化碳足印

的一個方法。

Represents the amount of forest land that could sequester CO2 emissions from the burning of fossil fuels, excluding the fraction absorbed by the oceans which leads to acidification.

畜牧農地grAzing LAnd指飼養牲畜作肉類、奶類製品

和毛皮生產的土地面積。

Represents the amount of grazing land used to raise livestock for meat, dairy, hide and wool products.

樹林foreSt指生產木材、紙漿和柴火所需

的林地面積。

Represents the amount of forest required to supply timber products, pulp and fuel wood.

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伊河海豚Irrawaddy dolphin

9夏季 SUMMER 2012

資源爭奪戰：食物、水和燃料富裕國家仍普遍依賴其他國家供給食物、

水和能源，導致生物多樣性豐富的低收入

國家的物種數目銳減。高收入國家的生態

足印平均比中收入國家高出三倍，比低收

入國家更高出五倍。富裕國家正依賴最貧

困的國家支撐其生活模式。

生物多樣性及相關生態系統資源的喪失

對貧窮的人民造成巨大影響，因為他們

直接依賴大自然維生，特別是食物供應

方面。舉例說，全球超過一億二千萬人

就依賴珊瑚大三角的海洋資源維生，作

為食物和收入來源。對海鮮持續上升的

需求已導致該區遭過度開發，令漁業不

可持續發展，最終會影響到生活於區內

居民的生計。

Competition for reSourCeS: food, WAter And fueLIn general, wealthy nations continue to depend on other countries for food, water and energy. This has been contributing to an alarming rate of biodiversity loss in low-income, high-biodiversity countries. High income countries have an Ecological Footprint on average three times more than that of middle income countries and on average five times that of low income countries. The poorest and most vulnerable nations are subsidizing wealthy lifestyles.

The loss of biodiversity and its related ecosystem services in particularly impacts the poor, who rely most directly on nature to survive—especially for their daily food. For example the Coral Triangle alone directly sustains the lives of more than 120 million people who depend heavily on marine resources for food and income. Ever increasing demand for seafood from this region drives

漁業用地fiShing groundS根據海洋和淡水物種的捕撈數字，

以及估計出產魚類和海產所需的初

級產品來計算。

Calculated from the estimated primary production required to support the fish and seafood caught, based on catch data for marine and freshwater species.

建築用地buiLt-up LAnd指人工的基建用地，包括運輸、房屋、

工業設施和水力發電站的水庫等所佔用

的土地面積。

Represents the amount of land covered by human infrastructure, including transportation, housing, industrial structures and reservoirs for hydropower.

耕地CropLAnd指用來生產人類消耗的農作物和纖維、

牲畜飼料、油性作物和橡膠所需的土地

面積。

Represents the amount of cropland used to grow crops for food and fibre for human consumption as well as for animal feed, oil crops and rubber.

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10WWF 生命之延 About Life

里約+20峰會（聯合國可持續發展會議）已在6月20至22日舉行。但因只有少數國家準備推動真正的行動，因此峰會並沒有得出一個讓全球走向可持

續發展道路的協議。但解決問題的迫切性並沒有

改變。可幸的是，可持續發展的概念已在每個人

心中扎根。我們每個人，由村莊、城市、國家、

小型和大型企業，至民間社會組織都要採取行

動。只有這樣才能推動我們的地球實踐可持續發

展。本會期望以下的倡議可以實現。

可持續地管理自然資本：保證國家發展策略會兼

顧自然資產和生態系統的狀況，以及其對人類健

康和經濟活動的重要性。積極投資及發展保育，

避免具破壞性及不可逆轉的全球災難。

不要只顧國民生產總值：國家應發展一套與國內

生產總值並行的環境表現指標，以此作為人類發

展的指標，以求更準確掌握我們的經濟狀況，同

時推動自然環境保育和更公平的社會發展。

使用整體成本會計模式：制定條例將生產及消費

的整體環境成本內化為會計模式的一部分，以針

對環境破壞的成因而非症狀。

高透明度的認證計劃：發展、支持和標準化認證

計劃，以不同持分者的責任及科學原則為依歸，

邁向可持續發展的消費和生產模式。

設立投資工具去促進綠色經濟的轉化和實施，為

技術躍進、科技合作及翻新項目提供分期資助，

推動創意經濟的發展。

我們應該制定一套可持續發展的制度架構，從最

高決策層面協調、合併、促進及保證一個跨界別

的可持續發展整合方案。

The Rio+20 Summit (The UN Conference on Sustainable Development) took place over 20-22 June. But with few countries prepared to press for action, the result is an agreement that does not set the world on a path towards sustainable development. The urgency to act, however, has not changed. Sustainable development is a plant that has taken root, but we need action everywhere and from everyone: individuals, villages, cities, countries, small and large companies, and civil society towards organizations and movements. Only this will drive our planet towards a sustainable path. Here are some of the principal elements WWF hope to see adopted.

Manage natural capital sustainably: Ensure that national development strategies take full account of the state of natural assets and ecosystems and their role in sustaining human well-being and economic activity. Actively investing in their conservation and enhancement must be undertaken to avoid a devastating and irreversible global crisis.

Go beyond GDP: Countries should develop a new standard indicator to measure environmental performance alongside GDP and use it, along with human development indices, to provide a more accurate reading of the state of our economies and to incite preservation of the natural environment and more equitable development.

Full-cost accounting: Devise rules whereby the full environmental costs of production and consumption are internalized into accounting models in order to address the causes rather than the symptoms of environmental loss.

Transparent certification schemes: Expand, support and standardize certification schemes that are multi-stakeholder and science-based to move towards sustainable consumption and production.

Set up an investment vehicle to facilitate the transition to and implementation of green economies through upfront funding for leapfrogging technologies, technology co-operation, and retrofitting programmes, notably using innovative finance.

An institutional framework for sustainable development should be put in place. It should co-ordinate, consolidate, advance and ensure the cross-sectoral integration of sustainable development at the highest level of decision-making.

世界自然基金會 期望的改變WWf’S viSion for ChAnge

11夏季 SUMMER 2012

農業也為土地帶來環境挑戰。全球的農

業生產在過去20年激增45%。人類對肉類的需求在過去20年亦不斷增加。在1992年，全球每人每年平均食用34公斤肉類，到2011年已上升至43公斤。唯有靠密集式生產、使用農業化學品及肥

料，方能滿足這龐大的增長。以上種種

均造成一定的生態破壞。

在淡水方面，目前在江河流域居住的27億人口，每年至少有一個月會面對水源

嚴重短缺的問題。全球農業耗用七成河

流及地下水，而農業的不可持續發展無

疑會令現時的狀況進一步惡化。

全球居住於城市的人口自1992年起增加45%，城市人普遍消耗更多資源。以能源為例，城市佔全球能源消耗的75%，對燃燒化石燃料造成的二氧化碳排放責

無旁貸。

人類需要食物和燃料，這方面的需求對

土地的使用、自然生態系統及人類生

態足印大小的影響深遠。很多生物多樣

性豐富的區域都是全球的碳匯和淡水來

源，為我們提供食物、水和能源，因此

已發展國家的城市人最終都會受到環境

破壞帶來的影響。

如何解決？全球人口自1950年至今激增逾一倍，估計到2050年更會飆升至93億。高收入地區及金磚六國（BRIICS─即巴西、

overexploitation and unsustainable fisheries, which eventually impact the livelihood of this ocean community.

On land, agriculture has come with environmental challenges. Globally agricultural production has soared by 45 percent in the past 20 years. Demand for meat has been increasing over the last two decades. On average meat consumption worldwide rose from 34 kilograms per annum in 1992 to 43 kilograms in 2011. Such rapid growth was only made possible largely by intensifying production, use of agrochemicals and fertilizer. All these bear considerable ecological impact on the environment.

At present, 2.7 billion people live in river basins that experience severe fresh water shortages at least one month of the year. The global increase in agriculture now accounts for 70 percent of the water abstracted from rivers and underground reserves. Further unsustainable expansion of the global agriculture will unavoidably worsen the current situation.

The number of people living in cities around the world has shown a 45 percent increase since 1992 and in general urban dwellers tend to consume more. Cities now account for 75 percent of energy consumption worldwide and are therefore responsible for the majority of the world’s fossil fuel related CO2 emissions.

All human needs for food and fuel have considerable implications for land use, natural ecosystems and the size of humanity’s Ecological Footprint. City dwellers in the developed world will be affected: many high-biodiversified regions serve as the world’s carbon sinks and fresh water sources, upon which our food, water and energy depend.

WhAt iS the SoLution?The global population has more than doubled since 1950 and is forecasted to reach 9.3 billion by 2050. Rising consumption trends in high-income groups around the world and in BRIICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China, and South Africa), combined with growing

在1992年，全球每人每年平均食用34公斤肉類，到2011年數字已上升至43公斤。On average meat consumption worldwide had risen from 34 kilograms per annum in 1992 to 43 kilograms in 2011.

全球農業耗用七成河流及地下水。The global increase in agriculture now accounts for 70 percent of the water abstracted from rivers and underground reserves.

全球居住於城市的人口自1992年起增加45%，城市人普遍消耗更多資源。Globally the number of people living in cities has shown a 45 percent increase since 1992 and in general urban dwellers tend to consume more.

43公斤 kiLogrAmS

70% 45%

我們需要 新思維，方能保證

人類在都市化下 依然享有足夠資源

gLobAL urbAnizAtion

needS neW WAyS of thinking to

enSure AdequAte reSourCeS for ALL

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12WWF 生命之延 About Life

在推動環境保育方面，個人及

地區層面的行動與國家的政治

行動同樣重要。請登入以下網

址，看看你能為環境保育做些

什麼：

wwf.org.hk/getinvolved/

actlocally/

In the fight to conserve our environment, personal and local level actions are just as critical as national and political movements. Visit wwf.org.hk/en/getinvolved/actlocally/ to find out how you can help!

俄羅斯、印度、印尼、中國、南非）的

消費趨勢，加上不斷增加的人口，意味

未來的生態足印只會愈來愈大。我們需

要新思維，方能保證人類在都市化下依

然享有足夠資源。我們必須捨棄不可持

續地使用天然資源的方式，以實踐可持

續發展的生活。要支撐不斷膨脹的都市

人口，我們需要投資於符合能源效益的

基礎建設和生態系統。

我們必須扭轉現時的趨勢，讓大自然成

為發展經濟、商業和生活模式的重點考

慮因素。我們需要在全球消費和生產模

式與地球的生物承載力之間取得平衡，

停止過度消秏地球資源，並重新思考人

類消耗食物、水和能源的方式，將人類

對大自然的影響減至最低。

公平的資源管理對縮減和分享資源發揮

關鍵性的作用。只要每一個人─包括政

府、商界、社區和市民─齊心協力，就

能建設一個光明未來，為2050年全球的一百億人口提供食物、水和能源。

《地球生命力報告》全文及報告摘要可

於下列網址下載：wwf.panda.org/lpr

population numbers, indicate the potential for an even larger Ecological Footprint in the future. Global urbanization needs new ways of thinking to ensure adequate resources for all. Unsustainable use of natural resources should be abandoned; sustainable practices should be the norm. Investment in energy efficient infrastructures and ecosystems will be necessary to support the increasing numbers of urbanites.

We must reverse the tide by making better choices that place the natural world at the centre of economies, business models and lifestyles. Living within ecological boundaries requires a global consumption and production pattern in balance with the Earth’s biocapacity. We have to rethink the way we consume food, water and energy in order to minimise the impact on nature.

Equitable resource governance is essential to shrink and share our resource use. We have the capacity to create a prosperous future that provides food, water and energy for the ten billion people who are expected to share the planet in 2050, but only if everyone ― governments, companies, communities, citizens ― step up to this challenge.

The full Living Planet Report, and an executive summary, can be downloaded at wwf.panda.org/lpr

請即參與！get invoLved!

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與yoLAndA kAkAbAdSe對談intervieW With preSident of WWf internAtionAL

世界自然基金會國際會長 談及她對亞洲生態足印和其他 逼切環境問題的看法WWF International’s president discusses Asia’s ecological footprint and other pressing issues

世 界 自 然 基 金 會 國 際 會 長 、 前 厄 瓜 多 爾 環 境 部 長

Yolanda Kakabadse於三月到訪香港，談及自己對生態

足印、減少個人能源消耗及影響政府等組織的看法。

WWF：在個人層面上，香港人能如何減低碳足印？

Yolanda Kakabadse（YK）：我們可以由減少家居用電做

起。此外，我在香

港甚少看見市民騎

單車。這正是消費

者─即市民─可以

透過向決策者施壓

而令政府考慮實施

的政策。

WWF：有人認為

個人改變並不足以

對環境帶來影響，

因為大機構、政府

和商界才是最主要

的環境破壞者。你

同意這個說法嗎？我們可以怎樣做？

YK：目前人類已消耗超過一個地球的資源，若每個人如

港人般消耗，就需要2.2個地球的資源。因此提升對消費習慣的意識實在非常重要。

透過本地及個人行動，我們可以影響本地或各國政府的

決策者。個人行動和參與推動是公民社會的發展進程，

重要性與決策者的政治決定無異。若沒有來自社會及草

根階層的壓力，在位者是不會採取行動的。

WWF：在政策上，我們應該要求政府怎樣做？要他們

解決什麼？

YK：在香港，當我從酒店窗口望出去，我看見整個夜空

都被照亮。為什麼要這樣做？這是第一個問題。有必要

嗎？第二，如果我們想把夜空照亮，何不使用現存的科

技，比如使用太陽能，於日間蓄電，晚間就用於公共空

間及大街小巷的照明，這些決定和改變基本上都是由政

府的政治決策而來的。

詳細訪問： wwf.org.hk/featuredstories

Yolanda Kakabadse, president of WWF International and the former Ecuadorian Minister of Environment, visited Hong Kong in March. She shared her thoughts on footprint issues, reducing personal energy consumption, and influencing organizations such as the government.

WWF: What can we do on the individual level in Hong Kong to decrease our carbon footprint?

Yolanda Kakabadse: We can definitely start by reducing the consumption of electrical energy in our homes. I also haven’t seen many bicycles in Hong Kong. That is a policy that the consumer, the citizen, can force the government to think about by putting pressure on policymakers.

WWF: Some would argue that individuals making changes do not have much impact because big organizations, governments and businesses are responsible for the greatest amount of damage. Is this true? What can be done?

YK: At this moment we are consuming more than one planet’s resources, and in the case of Hong

Kong it is at the rate of 2.2 planets. So creating that awareness about patterns of consumption is important.

Through local and individual action we have an impact on the big guys, on the decision makers of the government level, local or national. So individual action in participating in processes that are generated by civil society is equally important to the decisions made by decision makers at the larger level. Those at the top will not react unless there is pressure from society and from the grassroots.

WWF: In terms of policy, what should we be asking our governments for? What should we be asking them to address?

YK: When I look at Hong Kong from my hotel window, I see that all night, it is illuminated. Why do we have it illuminated? That is the first question. Is it necessary? Number two, if we want to have it illuminated why don’t we use existing technology and along with that technology, solar energy that can be accumulated during the day and used during the evening for illumination of public spaces and streets and avenues. Those decisions and changes basically come from political and policy decisions of government.

For the full interview please visit wwf.org.hk/en/featuredstories

The Tide is Turning適逢世界海洋日，齊來看看世界自然基金會 於香港及內地的海洋保育項目。In celebration of World Oceans Day, here’s a look at WWF’s marine conservation projects in Hong Kong and China

保育潮流勢不可擋

保育 ConservaTion

15夏季 SUMMER 2012

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orld Oceans Day, 8 June, is the biggest celebration on Earth for oceans every year. These marine ecosystems provide us with oxygen,

food and medicine, and help regulate climate. Despite their importance to our survival, our oceans are at great risk. WWF’s 2012 Living Planet Report states overfishing has become increasingly severe, threatening the health of marine environments. Between 1950 and 2005, there was a nearly five-fold increase in global catch, from 19 million tonnes to 87 million tonnes. Without much effective management, the increasing market demand has led to unsustainable fisheries worldwide. To name just a few dwindling species: sharks, bluefin tuna, and live reef food fish such as groupers.

WWF is delivering in programmes and initiatives in Hong Kong and China that address marine issues, putting citizens and cities on the path towards sustainable and responsible consumption.

W每年6月8日世界海洋日是全球最大的海洋慶祝日子。海洋生態系統為我們提供

氧氣、食物和醫藥，又有助調節氣候。

儘管與我們的生存息息相關，海洋生態

系統如今卻面臨嚴峻威脅。世界自然基

金會發布的《地球生命力報告2012》指出，過度捕魚問題日趨嚴重，正危害海

洋環境的健康。1950年至2005年間，全球捕撈量已由1,900萬噸上升至8,700萬噸，數字大幅上升近五倍。在缺乏有

效的漁業管理措施下，持續上升的市場

需求導致全球漁業步向不可持續發展。

多種魚類包括鯊魚、藍鰭吞拿魚及多種

活珊瑚魚如石斑等均受到威脅。

本會於香港及國內舉行一系列針對海

洋問題的項目和活動，致力推動個人

以至整個地區實踐可持續及負責任的

消費模式。

1950年至2005年間，全球漁業捕撈量 大幅上升近五倍BeTWeen 1950

and 2005, There Was a nearly

five-fold inCrease in gloBal

fisheries CaTCh

1950 2005

16WWF 生命之延 About Life

The fate of shark species is a hot topic in Hong Kong marine conservation. Sharks are at the top of the marine food chain; their presence in the ocean helps to regulate the delicate marine ecosystem, keeping other species in check. Despite their strength and majesty, their populations are in decline due to the unsustainable demand for shark fin and other shark products in combination with poor fishery management. As of 2010, there were 180 shark and related species listed as “Threatened” on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List.

Hong Kong is the world’s largest centre for the shark fin trade and therefore changes in the city’s attitude and actions could go a long way in conserving the species. It is undeniable that the consumption of shark fin directly impacts the health of our oceans. To raise awareness of this issue, WWF launched the Individual No Shark Fin Pledge (wwf.org.hk/en/noshark) – citizens can pledge to say “NO” to shark fin dishes and products, joining

鯊魚的「命運」在香港是備受關注的海

洋保育議題。鯊魚位處海洋食物鏈的頂

層，有助控制其他海洋生物的數目，維

持脆弱的生態系統平衡。牠們是海中的

霸王，但人類對魚翅和其他鯊魚製品不

可持續的需求，加上欠缺有效的漁業管

理措施，導致鯊魚的數目銳減。至2010年，被列入世界自然保護聯盟紅色名錄

（IUCN Red List）的受威脅鯊魚品種

及其近親已多達180個。

香港是全球最大的魚翅貿易中心，市民

若能改變行動及態度，將對保育鯊魚發

揮關鍵作用。食用魚翅大大危害海洋健

康是鐵一般的事實，為了提升香港人在

這方面的保育意識，本會發起「向魚翅

說不：個人承諾」活動（wwf.org.hk/

noshark)，鼓勵市民承諾停止食用魚翅

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© Brian J.Skerry / WWF – national GeoGraphic Stock

hong Kong’s neW Wave

香港無翅新浪潮

承諾停止食用魚翅Pledge “say no

To sharK fin”WWf.org.hK/nosharK

17夏季 SUMMER 2012

over 130 companies who have publicly pledged not to sell, buy or promote shark fin soup as part of their corporate activities.

A number of forward thinking restaurants and catering companies have joined WWF’s “Alternative Shark-Free Menu”, making it easier for consumers to make sound choices and celebrate without endangering shark species and our marine environments. There is also the “Ocean-Friendly Menu”, which follows recommendations set out by WWF-Hong Kong’s Seafood Guide. These menus are free of unsustainable seafood such as shark fin, bluefin tuna and threatened live reef food fish so Hong Kong people can enjoy gourmet food without negatively impacting the ocean.

菜式和產品。至今已有逾130間公司或機構公開承諾在其活動中不會出售、購

買或推廣魚翅，與大家攜手保育鯊魚。

一些具遠見的餐廳和膳食供應商已加入

本會的「無翅宴會菜單選擇計劃」，方

便消費者作出選擇，舉行宴會而不會影

響鯊魚和海洋環境的健康。此外，我們

更根據本會的《海鮮選擇指引》的建議

類別制定「環保海鮮菜單」，剔除魚

翅、藍鯨吞拿魚和受威脅活珊瑚魚等不

可持續發展的海鮮，讓香港人在享受美

食的同時，不會對海洋環境造成影響。

WWF’s “Marine Guardian: Save the Sharks Through Arts” programme encouraged primary students to illustrate the importance of shark conservation by making works of art. The programme was a rousing success, attracting 1,900 entries from 180 junior and higher primary schools. Teachers and students gained knowledge regarding the plight of sharks by attending workshops and school talks organized by WWF. These sessions provided inspiration to create memorable works of art.

In April, WWF held an award ceremony to honour students who produced the most outstanding works, showcasing 130 pieces of art. Dr K. C. Pang, WWF-Hong Kong’s Education Committee Chairman and head of the Marine Guardian judging panel, said, “All of the entries articulated the urgency of protecting sharks from overfishing, as well as the importance of marine conservation.”

Hong Kong citizens, young and old, are all stepping up to say no to consuming shark. By working together our efforts will definitely help save the mighty shark.

本會的「海洋小護衛－守護鯊魚藝術計劃」，鼓

勵小學生透過藝術創作表達保育鯊魚的重要性。

活動取得空前成功，共收到1,900份來自180間小學低年級及高年級組別的作品。透過參與由本會

籌辦的工作坊和學校講座，老師和學生可以進一

步認識現時鯊魚面對的威脅，並從中獲得不少藝

術創作的意念。

今年4月22日，本會舉行頒獎典禮，表揚學生們的傑出創作，並展出130件優異作品。擔任「海洋小護衛－守護鯊魚藝術計劃」評審團主席、本會教育

委員會主席彭敬慈博士表示：「所有作品都彰顯保

護鯊魚和海洋保育的迫切性。」

香港市民，無論老幼，都勇敢踏出第一步表明不再

食用魚翅。只要大家同心協力，一定可以拯救鯊魚

這個海中霸王。

年輕領袖young leaders

至2010年，被列入 世界自然保護聯盟紅色名錄

的受威脅鯊魚品種及 其近親已多達180個

As of 2010, there were 180 shark and

related species listed as “Threatened” on the

International Union for Conservation of Nature

(IUCN) Red List

本會透過藝術教育活動向小朋友灌輸保育知識。圖為「海洋小護衛─守護鯊魚藝術計劃」頒獎典禮。WWF helps plant the concept of conservation in young minds through our art education programme. This picture shows the awards ceremony for WWF’s “Marine Guardian: Save the Sharks Through Arts Programme”.

教育 eduCaTion

18WWF 生命之延 About Life

中華白海豚在 台灣的種群已於

2008年8月被世界自然保育聯盟列為

極度瀕危類別 in augusT 2008,

iuCn lisTed The TaiWan

suBPoPulaTion of The Chinese WhiTe dolPhin

as CriTiCally endangered

近年在香港水域越來越難看見中華白海

豚的蹤跡。這種粉紅色的海洋哺乳類動

物一般在近河口的淺水近岸生境棲息。

在亞洲，只有少量有關中華白海豚種群

的分佈資料，但已肯定這物種零散分佈

在中國、越南、新加坡、泰國，以及婆

羅洲和爪哇的島嶼附近。

過去中華白海豚曾被目睹在東海以至北

部灣一帶出沒，但在過去數十年間，該

區經歷很大變化，環境遭受嚴重破壞，

海洋資源逐步被消耗殆盡。時至今日，

在中國沿岸的海豚分佈已大大萎縮，只

剩下五個已知的種群，包括廈門九龍

江、珠江河口（香港和珠海）、廣西北

部灣、雷州湛江灣及苗栗縣和嘉義縣之

間的台灣西岸。台灣種群已於2008年8月被世界自然保育聯盟列為極度瀕危類

別。

有見及此，本會建議推行為期三年的保

育項目，以評估中華白海豚在中國沿

岸的現況。承蒙資生堂旗下品牌「歐珀

The Chinese White Dolphin (CWD) is a sight that has become increasingly rare over the years in Hong Kong waters. The pink coloured marine mammal prefers shallow habitats near the shore, close to the mouth of rivers. In Asia, with limited information on population distribution, the species has been known to live near China, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, and the islands of Borneo and Java.

In the past, CWD populations were spotted from the East China Sea all the way down to the Gulf of Tonkin. This area has undergone great change, suffering serious destruction, and its marine resources have dwindled during the past few decades. Today, only five populations have been recorded along the coast of China: the Jiulong River, Xiamen; the Pearl River Estuary, Hong Kong and Zhuhai; Beibu Bay, Guangxi; Zhanjiang Bay, Leizhou; and, Taiwan west coast, between Miaoli and Chiayi Counties. In August 2008, IUCN listed the Taiwan subpopulation as critically endangered.

WWF responded with a proposal for a three-year conservation project to assess the status of the CWD along China’s coastline. Shiseido AUPRES has been generously funding this ambitious project, which has the goal of formulating a cross-

Conserving The Chinese WhiTe dolPhin

保育 中華白海豚

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19夏季 SUMMER 2012

本會於廣州推行保於中華白海豚教育活動，圖為廣洲越秀區鐵四小學的學生及其作品。WWF launched an education programme in Guangzhou last year. These pictures show students from a local school there with one student’s artwork.

The theme of World Oceans Day 2012 is “Youth: the Next Wave for Change.” WWF has long held that education is a key component in creating awareness of the importance of natural conservation. In order to “plant a seed”, the Aupres Chinese White Dolphin Education for Sustainable Development Programme implemented in 12 primary schools in Guangzhou to promote the importance of conserving this beloved mammal.

Last October, teachers underwent training to learn about conservation of the Chinese white dolphin. From November 2011 to February 2012, about 7,750 school children participated in workshops and activities, sharing their love and ideas in conserving this precious creature. The next education programme will start in the coming October and aim to reach more schools in Guangzhou. Stay tuned for more updates!

灌輸保育知識

2012年世界海洋日的主題為「青年：下一波的改變浪潮」。本會一直深信教育是提升公眾的自然保育意識之不二法門。

為了讓海洋保育工作薪火相傳，本會於廣州12間小學推行歐珀萊中華白海豚可持續發展教育項目，推廣保育這種可愛哺

乳類動物的重要性。

去年十月，老師接受保育中華白海豚的相關培訓。約7,750名學生則由2011年11月至2012年2月，參與工作坊和活動，分享他們對愛護和保育這種珍貴動物的想法。下一個

教育項目將於今年十月進行，旨在把海洋保育知識推廣至

更多廣州學校。請密切留意本會的最新消息！

auPres Brings ConservaTion KnoWledge To sChools

你亦可以透過 象徵式助養鯊魚或海豚

來支持我們的 保育工作！

you Can also suPPorT our ConservaTion WorKs By

syMBoliCally adoPTing

a sharK or dolPhin!

boundary Chinese white dolphin management plan. The AUPRES project also aims to increase awareness of the threats to the CWD, and to promote exchange between marine mammal researchers and assist in conservation efforts throughout China.

In 2010, WWF invited two mainland scientific institutes – South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute and Third Institute of Oceanography – to conduct a one-year study on CWD in the south of China to gain a greater knowledge of the population size, distribution and status of the species. Researchers conducted vessel surveys, collecting data on CWD distribution, abundance and habitat use in the western extent of Pearl River Estuary (PRE) areas. They also conducted interviews with fishermen to gather information related to CWD occurrence along the coast from Xiamen to PRE. And starting from this year, the South China Seas Fisheries Research Institute began conducting research for WWF to investigate the relationship between dolphin distribution and its prey availability. All the information gathered is crucial in filling in data gaps for the formulation of a holistic conservation plan for the CWD.

萊」慷慨贊助，此項目旨在制定一個跨

境的中華白海豚管理計劃，提高大眾對

牠們所面臨的困境的認識，以及推動

中國各地海洋哺乳類研究人員的學術交

流，支持中華白海豚的保育工作。

本會於2010年邀請兩個內地科學研究所—南海水產研究所和第三海洋研究

所—於華南一帶進行為期一年的中華白

海豚研究，了解牠們的數量、種群分佈

及現況。研究人員進行船隻調查，收集

關於珠江河口地區西部水域中華白海豚

種群分佈、數量和使用棲息地的數據，

並通過漁民訪談，收集中華白海豚在

廈門至珠江河口之間沿岸出現的資料。

南海水產研究所於本年度更會開始研究

海豚的種群分佈及捕食條件兩者之間的

關係。這些資料可以填補現存數據的不

足，對編制一份整全的中華白海豚保育

計劃非常重要。

wwf.org.hk/adoptanimal

© 廣

洲越秀區鐵田小學

教育 eduCaTion

20WWF 生命之延 About Life

離港在即，行政總裁龐毅理總結他在世界自然基金會香港分會八年的領導經驗， 接班人顧志翔則跟大家展望將來。Eric Bohm concludes his eight-year tenure at WWF-Hong Kong, while new CEO Adam Koo begins to take on challenges ahead.

掌舵人交接Changing of the guard

兩位行政總裁除了都具有商業背景外，還有很多相似之

處。龐毅理在31年前由加拿大移居香港，於2004年退出商界並擔任本會的行政總裁。顧志翔早年在溫哥華長

大，後來返回香港，曾為不同的商業機構效力。前者是

個觀鳥愛好者，後者則鍾愛戶外活動。他們對環境保育

的熱心更是毋容置疑。看看他們詳談自己如何將管理經

驗帶進本會。

管理一個非政府機構跟管理其他機構有何分別？龐：與商界大多以90天作為一個週期的運作模式有別，非政府組織的特別之處，在於它需要較長的時間去達到

目標，讓計劃能更具彈性，去應對瞬息萬變的環境。

非政府環保機構所面對的一大挑戰，是要做出成績所需

的時間。完成一個項目動輒要花上五至七年，但捐款很

多時卻只是短期性的。由於撥款週期普遍只有一年，保

育團隊在第二年便可能因為要忙於籌募經費，而不能專

心致志，全力進行保育工作。

The two CEOs share more in common than their business background. Bohm came to Hong Kong from Canada 31 years ago. He left the business world in 2004 and became WWF-Hong Kong’s CEO. Koo spent his formative years in Vancouver before returning to his hometown, to work in the corporate sector. Bohm enjoys bird-watching and Koo loves outdoor sports. Their passion for environmental conservation is undeniable. They discuss how they bring their managerial skills to WWF.

are there any differenCes between managing an ngo and a Corporation? Bohm: The beauty of an NGO is, as opposed to business [where everything is usually on a 90-day cycle], you have a longer delivery time horizon, which allows for more flexible planning and responses to changing circumstances..

One of the challenges facing environmental NGOs is the length of time needed to bring about an outcome i.e. the completion of a programme. It usually takes five to seven years and donors are sometimes driven by shorter time frames. One of the difficulties is the financial funding cycle is often only one year, and the

認識本會人員 wwf people

21夏季 SUMMER 2012

conservation teams can be distracted by having to raise funds for the following year, which dilutes the conservation effort.

The strategy is you have to set out goals: you present the problem, you present the solution. For example, we set comprehensive strategies [to combat] climate change by turning Hong Kong into a low-carbon city, and we advocate the government, business sector and the public that it is achievable. Hong Kong as a city emits 42.5 million tonnes of carbon dioxide every year. Twenty-eight million of that is from electricity. What’s the target? Say we waste 25 percent of our electricity. If we reduce our electricity consumption by 25 percent, we reduce the number of tonnes by seven million. Let’s take half of it. We can develop programmes designed to help Hong Kong to reduce four million tonnes of carbon dioxide per annum, and it is estimated to take about eight years with a budget of a specific amount. The donor is “protected” because there are interim KPIs [Key Performance Indicator] on a regular, preferably, six-month basis.

Koo: Running an NGO is not very different from running a company. It requires a person with corporate managerial experience to run the organization, instead of just experts with scientific and technical knowledge.

Many skills I acquired in the business world are applicable here. First of all, it’s teamwork. All the departments are inter-connected and only by working together seamlessly will we bring maximum impact on the things we do. The quality of the people is also important. I always tell my staff that they are only as good as their teams. So, we should all strive to surround ourselves with the best people. My years spent in sales and marketing will hopefully be helpful to our fundraising and brand building efforts.

What I hope to achieve is whenever people think of supporting an environmental NGO, they will think of WWF first.

what are the Challenges of managing a non-governmental organiZation (ngo)?Bohm: It’s very challenging because you rely on the generosity of people. You can see the number of charities has ballooned over the last five years, so there is a lot of competition for the donors. You have to present yourself to your donor as reputable and transparent. You’ve got to have a proposition of values and benefits to the community.

how are you going to taCkle these Challenges? what are your vision as wwf-hong kong’s new Ceo?Koo: I hope to lead WWF to become the best-supported ENGO (Environmental Non-Governmental Organization) in Hong Kong. There are different measurements: among which is conservation outcomes of our programmes on how well we can motivate the government, business sectors and the public to make real

我們的策略是訂定目標，指出環境問題，並同時提供

解決方案。舉例說，我們制定全面的計劃以應付氣候

變化，其中重要一環是將香港轉化成一個低碳城市。

我們動員政府、商界及公眾參與，讓他們明白這是可

達到的目標。香港每年的二氧化碳排放量高達4,250萬噸，其中2,800萬噸由發電所產生。假設我們浪費了四分之一的電力，所以只要我們將耗電量減少25%，就能減少700萬噸二氧化碳排放。假使我們將減排目標減半，設計一些項目為香港每年減少400萬噸碳排放，在一定的經費支援下，估計約需八年時間便能達標。由

於具備定期的關鍵績效指標(如以六個月作為一周期)，

捐款人便會得到「保障」，確保善款用得其所。

顧：管理一個非政府組織跟經營一間公司分別不大，

兩者都需要一個具備公司管理經驗的人領導，而不僅

僅是擁有科學和技術知識的專家。

我在商界所學到的種種技巧都可以應用在新工作上。

首先是團隊，所有部門環環相扣，唯有透過緊密合

作，方能達致最佳的工作效益。個人的質素同樣重

要。我經常對同事說，你就是你的團隊，團隊出色，

你也會出色。因此我們要努力讓自己身處在最優秀的

人才當中。我希望自己在營銷及市場方面的經驗，會

對籌募經費及建立品牌等工作有幫助。

我的願景是：當人們想到要支持一個非政府環保組織

時，他們第一時間會想到世界自然基金會。

管理一個非政府機構 有何挑戰？龐：管理一個非政府組織很有挑戰性，因為你需要倚

賴他人的慷慨捐助。慈善機構的數目在過去五年間激

增，令籌募經費的競爭加劇。你要向捐款人顯示我們

是一個信譽良好、透明度高的機構，指出機構的價值

所在及對社會所帶來的裨益。

你會如何應對這些挑戰？ 作為世界自然基金會新一任的行政總裁，你有何遠見？顧：我希望帶領本會成為最多人支持的本地非政府環

保機構。我們可用幾項指標作出評估，其中包括項

目的保育成果─我們能否使政府、商界和公眾在行為

上作出真正轉變，共同建立一個可持續的環境？另一

項是機構所得的捐款支持，我們期望能同時增加個

人捐款者及贊助公司的數目。捐款的總額正好反映

公眾是否支持我們現時的工作。第三項同等重要的指

22WWF 生命之延 About Life

而捐款事務小組及熊貓禮品店將會同時由現時的灣仔辦事處遷往中環，

繼續提供會員服務及售賣熊貓禮品，地址如下:

Our Donor Services Team and the Panda Shop will be relocated to the Central office at the same time:

世界自然基金會香港分會總辦事處將於2012年8月遷往新辦事處，地址如下:

Please be advised that WWF-Hong Kong will relocate its main office to the following address in August 2012:

搬遷通告reloCation notiCe

有關搬遷的確實日期，請留意本會網頁 wwf.org.hk

感謝您繼續支持本會。

Please visit our website, wwf.org.hk, for the exact date of the relocation.Thank you for your continuous support.

世界自然基金會香港分會 – 中環辦事處香港中環纜車徑一號wwf-hong kong – Central offiCeno. 1 tramway path, Central, hong kong

世界自然基金會香港分會香港新界葵涌葵昌路8號萬泰中心15樓wwf-hong kong15/f, manhattan Centre8 kwai Cheong roadkwai Chung, new territories

behavioural change for a sustainable environment. Another one is support base as we seek to increase both the number of individual as well as corporate sponsors. The amount of donations we receive is a strong indicator of how supportive the public is to what we are doing. A third equally important metric is education outcome. We have ESD [education for sustainable development] programmes for primary and secondary schools, which aim to teach our future generations how to care for the Earth’s well-being.

what’s your most memorable experienCe with wwf? Bohm: One of them happened when we finished the Hoi Ha Marine Life Education Centre project in 2006. We had a grand opening. The most memorable occasion was seeing a 12-year-old child on a glass-bottomed boat. The curiosity and the absolute joy on that child’s face — it was an enormous experience for the child — is one of the most memorable experiences.

would you like to say anything to your predeCessor? Adam: Eric has done a fantastic job. Before his term of office, I understood things were difficult and he did a great job to re-build the organization. I am grateful to him for all he has done so that I have a much easier task. However, Eric has left “big shoes to fill”. But, I will definitely strive my best to do better during my tenure.

標是教育成果。我們在中小學推行可持續發展教育項目

（ESD），教導下一代該如何保護環境。

你在世界自然基金會最難忘的經驗是什麼？龐：其中一次是在2006年海下灣海洋生物中心正式開幕之時。我看見一個12歲的小孩在玻璃底船上，臉上流露出好奇和無盡的喜悅─乘坐玻璃底船對小朋友來說是一

個非常難得的體驗，而那個情境亦令我感到十分難忘。

你有什麼話想對前任 行政總裁說？顧：Eric實在貢獻良多。據我所知他上任後讓這機構健康

發展。我感謝他所付出的一切努力，令我接手時可以事

半功倍。不過正因為他的出色管治，讓我上任後必須加

倍努力，做得更好。

We engage in a broad range of business activities and investments.

through an emphasis on sound profitability and corporate social responsibility in delivering high quality products and services.

We aim to provide rewarding work environments for our staff, and support peaceful, non-confrontational environmental initiatives around the world.

We contribute to the sustainability of our global environment

mfJebsen Group www.mfjebsen.com

人類使用的資源已超過地球所能供給的50%，令我們的生態系統承受莫大的壓力。如果再不改變這趨勢，到2030年，即使兩個地球也不能滿足我們的需求！Humanity is currently using 50 percent more resources than the Earth can provide. If this trend continues, by 2030 even two Earths will not be enough to sustain us.

© 1986 熊貓標誌WWF，® “WWF”是世界自然基金會的註冊商標© 1986 Panda symbol WWF ® “WWF” is a WWF Registered Trademark香港灣仔軒尼詩道一號熙信大廈10樓1002室世界自然基金會香港分會。電話:(852) 2526 1011，

傳真：(852) 2845 2734，電郵：wwf@wwf.org.hk

WWF-Hong Kong, Suite1002, 10/F, Asian House, 1 Hennessy Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong. Tel: (852) 2526 1011, Fax: (852) 2845 2734, Email:wwf@wwf.org.hk

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地球生命力報告2012WWF’s Living Planet Report 2012

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Why we are hereTo stop the degradation of the planet’s natural environment andto build a future in which humans live in harmony and nature.

Why we are here

wwf.org.hk

To stop the degradation of the planet’s natural environment andto build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature.

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全球人口自1950年至今激增逾一倍，估計到2050年更會飆升至93億。我們需要新思維，方能保證人類在都市化下依然享有足夠資源。The global population has more than doubled since 1950 and is forecasted to reach 9.3 billion by 2050. Global urbanization needs new ways of thinking to ensure adequate resources for all.

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自1970年以來，全球地球生命力指數（LPI）已下降近30%，其中熱帶地區更是重災區，LPI下降60%。The global LPI shows a decrease of around 30 percent since 1970, with the tropics declining by a staggering 60 percent in less than 40 years.

1950至2005年間，全球捕撈量已由1,900萬噸上升至8,700萬噸，數字大幅上升近五倍。Between 1950-2005, there was a nearly five-fold increase in global catch, from 19 million tones to 87 million tonnes.

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WWF LIFE Cover 120629-2WWF LIFE p1 CEO TOC 120704WWF LIFE p2 Calendar 120703-3WWF LIFE p4 Coverstory 120704WWF LIFE p14 World Ocean 120704WWF LIFE p20 People 120704WWF LIFE Backcover 120703