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About focal theme and sub-theme
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION FOR
A CLEAN, GREEN AND HEALTHY NATION
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION FOR
A CLEAN, GREEN AND HEALTHY NATION
Focal Theme
• NCSC is a unique programme where groups of children work research question for a period of 3 to 4 months.
• The research question is built around a Focal Theme and a set of sub themes.
• The focal theme changes every two years and so do the sub themes.• The focal theme changes every two years and so do the sub themes.
• For the years 2018 & 2019, the Focal Theme is
Science, Technology & Innovation for a Clean, Green and Healthy
Nation.
where groups of children work on a 3 to 4 months.
The research question is built around a Focal Theme and a set of sub
The focal theme changes every two years and so do the sub themes.The focal theme changes every two years and so do the sub themes.
For the years 2018 & 2019, the Focal Theme is
Science, Technology & Innovation for a Clean, Green and Healthy
Idea behind the focal theme
To Encourage our children for
• Assessing the situation of the nation form the perspectives of Sustainable development,
• More specifically, to understand about interlinks of “ • More specifically, to understand about interlinks of “ human wellbeing (������ �� ��� ��� ��х�к���man in maintaining and managing this system”
Idea behind the focal theme
Assessing the situation of the nation form the perspectives of
More specifically, to understand about interlinks of “ Ecology and More specifically, to understand about interlinks of “ Ecology and ������ �� ��� ��� ��х�к���)” and “role of
man in maintaining and managing this system”
Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity
Key aspects Broad view points
Science System of acquiring knowledge, following steps of observation,
measurement, classification,
comparison, analysis, interpretation,
summarization, drawing inferences.
Technology The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use
of technical means and their interrelation with life, society,
solution (in certain cases the environment).
Innovation New idea, process, device or method
Desired dimension of outcome
System of acquiring knowledge, following steps of observation, Leads to – From ‘known to unknown or
General to specific’
The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use
of technical means and their interrelation with life, society,
solution (in certain cases the environment).
Application of knowledge and
understanding for practical ends.
A solution (in certain cases increase
of efficiency) derived through
application of knowledge by certain
processes and devices. Where processes and devices. Where
process stands for principle followed
and device can be means to address
the problem.
New idea, process, device or method It may be a new process/ approach/
means/ device/ product which helps
in managing, maintaining and
facilitating green, clean and healthy
nation
Key aspects Broad view points
Green A concept leading to environmental or eco
sustainability (considering both the physical and
human environment).
Clean State of hygienic condition with absence of
contamination, dirt-free, infection, adulteration, in
desired standard (as per the standard derived by
national norms, rule, law, act etc.)
Healthy State of ecosystem balance and ecosystem Healthy State of ecosystem balance and ecosystem
development and which leads to sound state of
physical and mental condition of human being.
Nation A Nation is country with its physical, environmental,
social and political structure and state. It also stands
for people of the country.
In this context how our issues of study or solution
helps in progress of the nation towards sustainable
development.
Desired dimension of outcome
A concept leading to environmental or eco-system
sustainability (considering both the physical and
An approach/process/means to
attain environmental sustainability
matching with carrying capacity of
physical and human environment.
State of hygienic condition with absence of
free, infection, adulteration, in
desired standard (as per the standard derived by
An approach/process/means to
attain the Clean state linking
sustainability of physical and
human environment.
State of ecosystem balance and ecosystem An approach/process/means to State of ecosystem balance and ecosystem
sound state of
physical and mental condition of human being.
An approach/process/means to
attain good health of physical
environment, human environment
and human being (ecosystem well
being).
A Nation is country with its physical, environmental,
social and political structure and state. It also stands
In this context how our issues of study or solution
helps in progress of the nation towards sustainable
An approach/process/means to
attain national growth and
development with the principle of
“think globally and act locally”.
1. Ecosystem and Ecosystem Services.
2. Health, Hygiene and Sanitation.
3. Waste to Wealth
4. Society, Culture and Livelihoods
Sub-theme
4. Society, Culture and Livelihoods
5. Traditional Knowledge Systems.
1. Ecosystem and Ecosystem Services.
2. Health, Hygiene and Sanitation.
4. Society, Culture and Livelihoods4. Society, Culture and Livelihoods
5. Traditional Knowledge Systems.
ECOSYSTEM and
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
ECOSYSTEM and
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
What is an eco system service?• In simple terms this means
people obtain from ecosystems
• What all we can think of ? Examples?
• provisioning services• such as food and water, fuel,
fodder, medicinal plants and herbs, timber, all forest produce, minerals (from mining), raw materials for rural artisans etc.
• Regulating services• such as regulation of floods, drought,
land degradation, and diseases,
• Supporting services• Supporting services
• such as soil formation and nutrient cycling;
• cultural services• such as recreational, spiritual, religious
and other non-material benefits.
In simple terms this means benefits people obtain from ecosystems.
What all we can think of ? –
such as food and water, fuel, fibre, fodder, medicinal plants and herbs, timber, all forest produce, minerals (from mining), raw materials for rural
such as regulation of floods, drought, land degradation, and diseases,
such as soil formation and nutrient
such as recreational, spiritual, religious material benefits.
Hot Spots of Biodiversity, Refuge of Gene Pool, Resources for Livelihood, Food, Historical Assets,
Pilgrimage, Glacial & Non-glacial water, Carbon Sink, Ecotourism, Recreation,
Hot Spots of Biodiversity, Refuge of Gene Pool, Resources for Livelihood, Food, Historical Assets,
glacial water, Carbon Sink, Ecotourism, Recreation,
Health, Hygiene and SanitationHealth, Hygiene and Sanitation
Waste to WealthWaste to WealthWaste to WealthWaste to WealthWaste to WealthWaste to WealthWaste to WealthWaste to Wealth
BiodegradableComposed of waste from living organisms
& the actual plant, animal or other organisms when its life ends.
- foul smell as it decays
- breeding ground for mosquitoes
Do not breakdown or decay naturally, i.e., cannot be decomposed by microbes and dissolved by natural agents or biological processes
- breeding ground for mosquitoes
- emits greenhouse gases
Sustainable wealth
- Organic Agriculture
- Biofuels
Non BiodegradableDo not breakdown or decay naturally, i.e., cannot be
decomposed by microbes and abiotic elements or dissolved by natural agents or biological processes
- Does not degrade, strangles animals
- Deplete O2 in marine env.
- Toxic, hazardous- Toxic, hazardous
Sustainable wealth
-Recyclable: Waste put back in circulation
- Nonrecyclable
Landfills, Incineration – solid ash, energy from waste gases
Waste Segregation
Dry Waste I
Waste Management
Organic Paper Plastic Mixed
Waste Segregation
I Wet Waste
Glass Metal E waste Sanitary
Waste Pyramid
Refuse
Reduce
ReuseReuse
Recycle
Recover
Dispose
Circular Circular
Economy
Health, Hygiene and SanitationHealth, Hygiene and SanitationHealth, Hygiene and SanitationHealth, Hygiene and SanitationHealth, Hygiene and SanitationHealth, Hygiene and SanitationHealth, Hygiene and SanitationHealth, Hygiene and Sanitation
Expectation
• Location specific situational study, identification of issues and
experimentation on solution
• Developing model approach with appropriate tools and techniques
Location specific situational study, identification of issues and
experimentation on solution
Developing model approach with appropriate tools and techniques
Society, Culture and LivelihoodsSociety, Culture and LivelihoodsSociety, Culture and LivelihoodsSociety, Culture and LivelihoodsSociety, Culture and LivelihoodsSociety, Culture and LivelihoodsSociety, Culture and LivelihoodsSociety, Culture and Livelihoods
TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMSYSTEMSYSTEMSYSTEM
Framework Traditional Knowledge
system (TKS)
Traditional Ecological
Traditional Technical Ecological
Knowledge(TEK)Technical
Knowledge(TTK)
Ecosystem Sustainability Economic Sustainability
Sustainable Use
of Resources
Traditional Knowledge
system (TKS)
Traditional Technical
Traditional Institution and
પરંપરાગત �ાન ણાલી
पारंपा�रक �ान णाल
Technical Knowledge(TTK)
Institution and Values(TIV)
Economic SustainabilitySocial
Sustainability
Sustainable Use
of Resources
Clean Green and Healthy
Society
Scope in the State of GujaratDifferent cuisines in different parts of Gujarat state.
Kutch
Pearl Millet (બાજર�)Dairy usage maximum
Only brinjals as vegetables
South Gujarat
Tribal
Cuisine
Sorghum (�ુવા�્)
Dairy usage maximum
Only brinjals as vegetables
Millet s are Earth freindly grains, for farmers to grow and for soil to support.
Scope in the State of GujaratDifferent cuisines in different parts of Gujarat state.
Saurashtra
Pearl Millet (બાજર�)Dairy usage maximum
Pearl Millet (બાજર�)Kodo Millet(કોદર� )
Fox tail Millet(કાગં )
Ahmedabad
(Urban North)
Tribal
Cuisine
Combination practised Winter: Pearl Millet (બાજર�)Rest of season: Wheat
Opts for foreign produce/ seasonal
and nonseasonal vegetables.
Fox tail Millet(કાગં )
Horse gram(કળથી) Little millet (સામો/મોર�યો)Finger millet (બાવટો)
grains, for farmers to grow and for soil to support.
Some typical tribal foods
•
•
•
•
• Prickly Pear (ફ!ઙલા)• Prickly pear, also called nopal, any
several species of flat-stemmed spinyof the Genus Opuntia (family- Cactaceaeand their edible fruits. Prickly pear cactiand their edible fruits. Prickly pear cactinative to the Western Hemisphere.
• Several are cultivated, especially the Indianfig (O. ficus-indica), which is an importantfood for many peoples in tropicalsubtropical countries.
• Engelmann prickly pear (Opuntiaengelmannii) Grant Heilman Photography
Bel nu sharbat (Gujarat & Rajasthan)
• Jamboo sharbat
• Kokam Sharbat
• Aegle marmelos
also Bengal
bitter orange
• Cooling of the whole system during summers being so rough and hard in both the states.
(Gujarat & Rajasthan)
marmelos L., bael (or bili or bhel), Bengal quince, golden apple,Japanese
orange,stone apple or wood apple,
Cooling of the whole system during summers being so rough and hard in both the states.
Plant parts used for different purposes regionally
Moringa
cultivated
genus
the
CommonCommon
or
Plant parts used for different purposes regionally
Moringa oleifera is the most widely
cultivated species in
genus Moringa, the only genus
the plant family Moringaceae.
Common names include moringaCommon names include moringa
or Sargavo and drumstick tree.
Gunda Pickle – Cordia obliqua/ clammy berries
�Gunda
and are also
�Gunda
or dosas
�Gunda
and recipe
Culinary Uses
�Gunda is
�The plant
on skin.
�It is useful
relief from
Health benefits
/ clammy berries
Gunda is taken as food and the immature fruits are pickled
also used as vegetable.
Gunda is used in making chutneys which are served with rice
dosas in Southern part of India.
Gunda imparts sour tastes in many Andhra based cuisine
recipe.
Culinary Uses
is studied to have anti diabetic properties .
plant is used for treatment for delaying effects of aging
useful in the cough, chest diseases and also provides
from severe colic pain.
Health benefits
Earthquake safe construction systems
TheKutchwithstoodhave
resistingMoreover,constructions,constructions,usedproved
Its worth mentioning that bhungas are not only earthquake safe, they also demonstrate sensitive understanding of locally available resources, climatic conditions and spatial requirements of people. In fact, all these factors play an important role in the evolution of vernacular architecture at any given place.
arthquake safe construction systems
The typical traditional dwellings ofKutch region; the bhungas, that havewithstood the test of time for centurieshave also withstood earthquakes,.
their circular form, which is very goodresisting lateral forces of earthquakesMoreover, their wattle and daubconstructions, especially where woodconstructions, especially where woodused as reinforcement for the wall,proved to be very effective.
are not only earthquake safe, they also demonstrate sensitive understanding of locally available resources, climatic conditions and spatial requirements of people. In fact, all these factors play an important role in the evolution of vernacular
Maldharis(traditional inhabitants of Gir forest)
They have developed a local breed of buffalo that iswell known in India for its high productivity andstrong resilience to the harsh conditions of the Banniand also registered it.
forest)
The literal meaning of Maldhari is keeper(dhari) of the animal stock (mal). HundredsMaldharis (traditional inhabitants offorest), who had moved out of the protectedforest after taking benefit of government'sresettlement scheme in 1980s have returnedto the forest over the past two decades. Theforest department disclosed that over 450
isand
Banni
forest department disclosed that over 450families are living inside the Gir forestAccording to an estimate, over 2,000Maldharis have returned into Gir over last twodecades. So, 8500 maldharis inside Gir.