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The Dissociative DisordersThe Dissociative Disorders

DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders (contd)

Dissociation:

A phenomenon involvingbreakdown of the usually

consciousness, memory,identity, and perception.

DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders (contd)

Dissociative Amnesia:

Involves an inability to recall important

personal information, usually of a traumatic orstressful nature, that is too extensive to beexplained by ordinary forgetfulness.

Localized, selective, generalized

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DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders (contd)

Dissociative Fugue: Characterized by sudden, unexpected travel

away from home or ones customary place ofwork, an inability to recall ones past andconfusion about personal identity.

DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders (contd)

Depersonalization:

A persistent or recurring feeling of beingdetached from ones mutual processes or bodythat is accompanied by intact reality testing.

Dissociative Identity Disorder

The presence of two ormore distinct identities or

personality states thatrecurrenty ta e contro othe individuals behavior.

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DSM-IV Criteria for DID

The presence of two or more identities orpersonality states.

At least two of these identities recurrently takecontrol of the persons behavior.

Inability to recall important information tooextensive to be explained by ordinaryforgetfulness.

Not due to physiological effects of a substanceor general medical condition.

Clinical Features of DID

Specific Features

Amnesia

S eakin of oneself as

Nonspecific Features

Childhood abuse

Self-destructivewe or us

Imaginary companions

Changes inhandwriting(REDRUM)

behavior

Prediagnosis mentalhealth treatment

Treatment of DID

Core treatment of DID is individualpsychotherapy involving several techniques.

Central goal is integration of the alters intoa single and coherent personality

state.

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The Somatoform Disorders

Definition

Somatoform disorders

Individual complains of bodily symptoms thatsuggest a physical defect or dysfunction but for

Psychological problems take a physical form

DisorderDisorder DescriptionDescription

Pain disorder Psychological factors play a significant role in the onsetand maintenance of pain.

Body dysmorphic disorder Preoccupation with imagined or exaggerated defects in

physical appearance.

DSM-IV Somatoform Disorders

Hypochondriasis Preoccupation with fears of having a

serious illness.

Conversion Disorder Sensory or motor symptoms without any physiologicalcause.

Somatization Recurrent, multiple physical complaints that have nobiological basis.

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