ABNORMAL GAITABNORMAL GAIT

GROUP NO:4GROUP NO:4 GROUP MEMBERSGROUP MEMBERS:: SHERSHAH SHERSHAH

SYED -AZHAR-SHAH SYED -AZHAR-SHAH ANUM IQBALANUM IQBALZUHIRA FAROOQIZUHIRA FAROOQIJETINDAR PURI JETINDAR PURI FAHAD KHAN FAHAD KHAN SHERYAR KHAN SHERYAR KHAN ALTAF HUSSAIN ALTAF HUSSAIN ZESHAN KHANZESHAN KHANSANJAY KUMAR.SANJAY KUMAR.

Myopathic Gait

• Pelvic girdle weakness which produces a waddling type of gait. •The lumbar hyperlordosis with the shoulders .

•This posture places the center of gravity behind the hips so the patient doesn't fall forward because of weak back and hip extensors.

Parkinson’s Gait

•DECREASES GENERALIZED EXTENSOR OF LOWER LIMB JOINT, TRUNK AND PELVIS MOTIONS.

•FLEXED THE TRUNK, HIP,KNEE AND ANKLE JOINT.

•MULTIPLE SHORT STEPS.•Lack of heel strike & toe off, loss of arm swing.

•Toe strike first so it is also called “toe-heel-gait”

Ataxic Gait

•IN CEREBELLER ATAXIA PATIENT HAS POOR BALANCE SO HE WALK WITH BROAD BASE.

•PATIENT LURCHES,STAGGERS AND EXAGGERATES ALL MOVEMENT.

•In swing phases

FOOT DROP GAITFOOT DROP GAIT

•WEAKNESS OF DORSIFLEXORWEAKNESS OF DORSIFLEXOR

•HIP JOINT FLEXES BEYOUND 30 DEGREEHIP JOINT FLEXES BEYOUND 30 DEGREE

•TOE TO HEEL PATTERNTOE TO HEEL PATTERN

HAND TO KNEE GAITHAND TO KNEE GAIT

• PARALYZED QUADS.PARALYZED QUADS.

• PATIENT CAN’T LOOK HIS KNEE SO HE PATIENT CAN’T LOOK HIS KNEE SO HE PLACED HIS HAND ABOVE THE KNEEPLACED HIS HAND ABOVE THE KNEE

• IT IS ALSO CALLED HYPER EXTENDED KNEEIT IS ALSO CALLED HYPER EXTENDED KNEE

• In Mid stance phase

FLEXED KNEE GAIT

►FLEXION CONTRACTION OF HAMSTRINGS.

►KNEE JOINT DOES NOT ALLOW TO EXTEND DURING LOCOMOTION.

►CHARACTERISED BY FLEXION OF KNEES AND EXCESSIVE DORSIFLEXION.

SCISSORS GAITSCISSORS GAIT

• SPASTICITY IN THE ADDUCTOR OF SPASTICITY IN THE ADDUCTOR OF BOTH HIP JOINTBOTH HIP JOINT

• GREAT DIFFICULTY IN SWINGING THE GREAT DIFFICULTY IN SWINGING THE LEG FORWARDLEG FORWARD

• BOTH LEGS LOOK LIKE A PAIR OF BOTH LEGS LOOK LIKE A PAIR OF SCISSORSSCISSORS..

• In swing phase

ANTALGIC GAIT

•SHORTER STANCE PHASE

•PATIENT BENDS TRUNK TOWARD AFFECTED SIDE

•PATIENT SUPPORT AFFECTED LIMB WITH SAME SIDE’S HAND

•ALSO CALLED PAINFULL GAIT

LORDOTIC GAIT

►CONTRACTURE OF HIP FLEXORS CAN CAUSES INCREASE IN LUMBER

►LORDOTIC CURVE DURING STANCE PHASE

►THE CONTRACTURE DOES NOT ALLOW HIP JOINT TO EXTEND

CIRCUMDATORY GAIT

►COMMONLY SEEN IN HEMIPLEGIC PATIENTS

►NO FLEXION AT HIP,KNEE & ANKLE IN PLANTER FLEXION

►PATIEN ADOPTS CIRCUMDATORY

ANTERIOR TRUNK BENDING►PARALYSIS OF QUADRICEPS IS

COMBINED WITH WEAKNESS OF GLUTEUS MAXIMUS OR GASTROSOLEUS OR BOTH.

►TO AVOID BUCKING PATIENT BENDS TRUNK ANTERIORLY.

POSTERIOR TRUNK BENDING

►WEAKNESS OF HIP EXTENSORS.

►PATIENTS BENDS THE TRUNK POSTERIOR CAUSING EXTENSION OF HIP JOINT.

►ALSO KNOWN AS JACK KNIFE GAIT

LATERAL TRUNK BENDING

Trendelenberg gait

Usually unilateral

Bilateral = waddling gait

Common causes: A. Painful hip

B. Hip abductor weaknessC. Leg-length discrepancyD. Abnormal hip joint

Excessive knee extensionExcessive knee extension

• Loss of normal knee flexion during stance phase

• Knee may go into hyperextension

• Genu recurvatum: hyperextension deformity of knee

Common causes:

• Quadriceps weakness (mid-stance)• Quadriceps spasticity (mid-stance)• Knee flexor weakness (end-stance)

CALCANEAL GAIT

►INSUFFICIENT CONTRACTION OF PLANTER FLEXOR CAUSES MUSCULAR IMBALEANCE SO ANKLE JOINT GOES TO INTO DORSIFLEXION.

►DURING STANCE PHASE.