ABENGOA SOLAR: Solar Power for a Sustainable World

8/8/2019 ABENGOA SOLAR: Solar Power for a Sustainable World

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ABENGOA SOLARSolar Power for a Sustainable World

Solar Plants Development

Santiago de Chile

10th November, 2009


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Solar Power for a Sustainable World

2

Index

1 Solar Technologies Overview

2 Abengoa

3 Abengoa Solar & Solar Plants Development


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3

Two Families of Solar Technologies

Concentrating Solar Power

Focuses direct sun radiation on a receiver where a heat transfer fluid captures

energy that then is used to produce steam that generates electricity

Cheapest solar technology at utility-scale

Dispatchable source of energy thanks to storage

Allows for hybridation with other sources of energy, either renewables (e.g.

biomass) or conventional (e.g. natural gas)

Photovoltaics

Direct transformation of sun radiation (direct and diffuse) into electricity through

a semiconductor, such as silicon-based cells

Great flexibility in terms of plant size and installation site: it is a distributed

technology

It is not dispatchable, as there are no viable storage technologies


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4

Trough Central Receiver orTower

Dish (CPV)Fresnel

CSP Technology I


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Trough

Operating Principle: The parabolic troughs are used to track the sun and concentrate sunlight

on to the thermally efficient receiver tubes placed in the trough focal line. In these tubes, a

thermal transfer fluid is circulated, such as synthetic thermal oil. This oil is then pumped through

a series of heat exchangers to produce steam. The steam is converted to electrical energy in a

conventional steam turbine generator.

Main Components:

Reflector

Absorber tube

Tracking system

Structure

Characteristics:

The most mature solar technology

Large potential with new heat transfer fluids and direct steam

generation

Energy could be stored (molten salt)

Could be hibridized with fossil fuel (ISCC)

CSP Technology II


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Tower

Dish

Operating Principle: A circular array of heliostats (2 axis tracking mirror) is used to

concentrate sunlight to a central receiver mounted on the top of a tower. A heat transfer

medium in this receiver absorbs the highly concentrated radiation and coverts it into thermal

energy to be used by a turbine.

Main Components:

Heliostats

Tower

Receptor

Characteristics:

High temperatures High yields

High temperature tower under development will lead to best efficiency and costs

Operating Principle: A fluid located in the receptor is heated by the concentrated rays. This energy is then used

produce electricity by the Stirling engine

Characteristics:

High efficiencies but still lots of challenges to overcome

Large potential with microturbines and metallic liquid as heat transfer fluid

CSP Technology III


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Solar Power for a Sustainable World 7

Photovoltaic Technology I

Thin film

Crystallized Si

Types

Monocrystalline Silicon (Efficiency ~ 15%)

Crystallised in ingots

Uniform color

Pollycrystalline Silicon (Efficiency ~ 13%)

Low cost Silicon

Ribbon Silicon (Efficiency ~ 12%)

Manufactured from molten silicon

High Efficiency Silicon (Efficiency ~ 17%)

Si monocristalino

Si policristalino

Photovolatic Technology I

Operation Principle: When certain materials, called semiconductors, are exposed to

solar rays, electrons from the valence band could be excited to the conduction

band. The physical structure of the semiconductor creates an electric field which

sets the electrons path, thus generating direct electric current.


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Photovoltaic Technology IIThin film

Types

Amorphous Silicon (Efficiency ~ 6-7%)

Manufactured at low deposition temperature, allowing several low

cost substrates

Monocrystalline Silicon (Efficiency ~ 9%)

Reaches ti higher yield than amorphous Silicon

Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) (Efficiency ~ 8-10%)

Several manufactures techniques, promising feature for large scale

production

CIS/CIGS (Efficiency ~ 10-11%)

Reductions on material costs

TiO2(Efficiency~ 6-7%)

Great optical proprieties and low costs

Amorphous Silicon

Cadmium telluride

Photovoltaic Technology II

Concentracin

Rendimiento alto, coste alto.Mucho potencial de mejora.El seguidor es necesario.

Concentration

Types

High efficiency Silicon (Efficiency ~ 17%)

GaAs multijunction (Efficiency ~ 30%)

Each layer is made of a different material, which

usually is a III-V semiconductor, and absorbs a

different portion of the spectrum.GaAs with Fresnel lens


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Technology Roadmap

Key Milestones for Technology Roadmap

Develop new storage systems, improving current steam and molten salt systems

Cheaper structures, without jeopardizing durability

Potential new reflective materials cheaper than mirrors (but durability is key challenge)

Utilization of new heat transfer fluids in trough systems to increase temperature (andefficiency), such as molten salts and direct steam generation

Increase temperature and pressure of steam systems in central receiver systems

(superheated towers, 2nd and 3rd generations)

...and of course, significant gains in learning curve if government continue to support the

industry and large volumes are installed


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Cost Gap Will Close

Energy

Cost

t

Current Cost

GapCommodity Prices,

Financial Markets, Equipment,

etc.

CSP energy cost

Fossil energy cost

Large Scale Projects

Global Uptake

Strong Developers

New technologies

Incentives

Carbon policies

Fuel volatility and risk


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Index


2 Abengoa



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Our Commitment

Innovative Solutions for a Sustainable World

Abengoa is a technology company that applies

innovative solutions for sustainable development in

the infrastructure, environment and energy sectors,

creating long-term value for our shareholders with amanagement model based on fostering

entrepreneurial spirit, social responsibility,

transparency and rigour


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Sustainable Development

Sales and gross cash flow in 2008 of 2700 M and 627 M, respectively

More than 16.000 employees worldwide

Quoted on the Madrid Stock Exchange Market

Sustained growth through 98-08 (20% CAGR in revenues and 22% in net profit)


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Index


2 Abengoa



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Abengoa Solar in Summary

A twenty year commitment to both CSP and PV technology development

More than 350 professionals worldwide

Two domestic markets (Spain and U.S.) and expansion to international markets (i.e.

Algeria, Morocco)

Proprietary solar technologies (trough, tower, thermal storage, other technologies)

Assembly of a world class team of Solar experts, with unsurpassed collective

experience and skills

Large International and Integrated Solar Power Generation

Company Offering Proven Technologies and Developing

New One, Both CSP and PV


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A Global Presence

A Global Presence

Hundreds of MW under construction and

development in different technologies

Unparalleled R&D facilities

Asia

New opportunities

International Presence

Main Geographies

Largest solar plant in the world in Arizona

More than 85 professionals in R&D and project

development efforts

Middle East and Northern Africa

Build first two ISCC plants

Participating in current international bids

New opportunities

Southern Europe

Strong development team pushing solar in

many countries

USA Spain


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300 MWs from Solar Energy

Parabolic TroughPower Tower

Solucar Platform

5 x 50 =250 MWs 2 x 20 + 10 = 50

MW

PS10

PS20

Aznalcollar

Solnova 1

Solnova 3

Solnova 4

Solnova 2

Solnova 5

Q2 07

Q1 09

Q4 10

Q4 09

Q2 10

Q4 10

Q4 11

Q4 12


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The site enjoys of one of the highest solar

radiations in the world

PPA and key permits to build the plant are

already secured

280 MW peak power

6-hour thermal storage system allowing energy

production management

Will supply electricity for 70,000 American

households

Arizona

Phoenix

Solana

The site

The project

Solana: The Largest Solar Plant in the

World


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ISCC in Algeria 150 MWe

ISCC in Morocco 470 MWe

150 MW in Hassi-

Rmel

470 MW

in At Ain BeniMathar

First ISCC Plant Worldwide

Largest ISCC Plant Worldwide

Algeria. First combined cycle with solar trough field under construction

20 MW from trough, rest from natural gas

180,000 m2 of reflective surface

Thermal oil as heat transfer fluid

Promoted by Abengoa Solar and NEAL

Morocco. Largest combined cycle with solar trough field

20 MW from trough, rest from natural gas

183,000 m2 of reflective surface

Thermal oil as heat transfer fluid

Project sponsored by World Bank

CSP Projects

ISCC plants in Argelia and Morocco


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1 MWp (Spain) 0.4 MWp

(Spain)

1.9 MWp

(Spain)

1.8 MWp (Spain) 5.7 MWp

(Spain)

1.2 MWp

(Spain)

ABENGOA SOLAR

Sevilla PV (low

concentration)

Copero PV Barcelona Forum Linares Casaquemada Las Cabezas

Photovoltaic Plants and Installations

Abengoa Solar in PV

Some Examples

Develops

Builds

Operates


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Superheated steam pilot tower

Direct Steam Generation pilot plant

Storage pilot plant with molten salts in operation since January1

2

3

High concentration PV demonstration systems4

Unparalleled R&D Efforts:

70 Professionals, 25 Million Dollars Investment per Year


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Key Challenges in Development

Development comprises many complex activities, like site selection, permitting

(at national, regional and local levels) and supplying (equipment, EPC

contractor, etc.). Difficulty of this stage tends to be underestimated by new

entrants

It is a very long process (and thus expensive): in Spain it takes around 2

years; in the US can take 3-4 years

Long lead times makes development very sensitive to regulatory changes

Availability of water and suitable access to transmission are relevant issues tobe targeted early on


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Financing is Critical

Non-recourse project finance debt has been the traditional financing structure,

but now is challenging

Current financial crisis is generating new forms of financing in the renewables

space

Credibility of the developer and guarantees from the operator and the EPC

contractor are key issues for banks. Only large players can do it successfully

Country credibility is also very important in assessing the overall economic

model, especially in a feed-in-tariff scheme

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ABENGOA SOLAR: Solar Power for a Sustainable World