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8/1/2018 1 Utilizing Peer to Peer Mentoring to Develop Leadership Talent Stephanie Abbu, DNP, RN, CNML Objectives After attending this presentation / discussion, the conference participant will be able to: describe effective mentoring relationships summarize opportunities to mentor the next generation of nurses and nurse leaders I have no actual or potential conflict of interest in relation to this program / presentation.

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Page 1: Abbu, Utilizing Peer to Peer Mentoring to Develop ... · “A mentor is someone who sees more talent and ability within you, than you ... • Recipient of one‐to‐one nurturing

8/1/2018

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Utilizing Peer to Peer Mentoring to Develop Leadership Talent 

Stephanie Abbu, DNP, RN, CNML

Objectives

After attending this presentation / discussion, the conference participant 

will be able to:

• describe effective mentoring relationships • summarize opportunities to mentor the next generation of nurses and nurse leaders

I have no actual or potential conflict of 

interest in relation to this program / presentation.

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Introduction

• Nursing Shortage• Healthcare changes• US population• Financial impact

• Recruitment and retention• Nurse Residency Programs

Evaluation of Evidence

• Reasons to focus on retention

• Turnover intent

• Benefits of mentoring

Mentorship

• Preceptor ‐ an instructional role – Goal: to improve performance / 

evaluate competence– Formal teaching– Lasts for specified amount of time

• Mentor ‐ An advisory role – Goal: to counsel or guide– Unstructured process– Lasts for an unspecified amount of time

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What Is A Mentor?

“A mentor is someone who sees more talent and ability within you, than you see in yourself, and helps bring it out of you.” – Bob Proctor 

Desired Mentor Qualities

• WILLING • Has a sense of humor• Excellent communication skills• Provides trust in relationship• Acts in a non‐threatening manner• Encourages peer relationships• Encourages questions • Helps mentee focus on the future• Recognizes and communicates accomplishments • Offers constructive, open feedback• Views mentee’s weakness as opportunities• Guides the mentee over barriers• Provides a safe haven for exploration and risk‐taking

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Desired Mentee Qualities• Is open and eager to learn—ambitious

• Puts time and energy in process

• Takes initiative

• Respects time and effort of mentor

• Asks for assistance

• Acts on information from mentor

• Recognizes when needs further development

• Able to accept feedback

• Demonstrates commitment to the relationship

• Accepts responsibility for own development

Mentoring Benefits ‐Mentor 

• Intrinsic benefits of teaching

• Development of professional colleagues

• Development of self‐awareness

• Development of interpersonal relationships

• Stimulation to question practice

• Opportunity to leave a legacy

• Supporting retention

• Succession planning

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Mentoring Benefits ‐Mentee

• Familiarization with organizational culture

• Recipient of one‐to‐one nurturing• Assistance with career development

• Open communication without fear of repercussion

• Increased self‐confidence• Sense of belonging• Development of problem‐solving skills

• FUN

Sense of Belonging

Doctoral Translational Project Aim

To determine the degree to which implementation of a peer to peer mentoring program affected job satisfaction, intent 

to stay, mentor competence, and mentor self‐efficacy 

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Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

• 96 bed Level IV • Private rooms / Open bay• 1,500 admissions annually (50% surgical)• Inborn / Outborn• Prematurity, birth defects, respiratory distress, infections

• Family‐centered care• 300 plus nurses

Methods

• Mixed methods

• Quantitative

• QualitativeDesign

• VUMC NICU nurses with greater than one year experience

• Convenience sample

• 12 mentees / 12 mentors

Sample

• VUMC and UTC IRB approvals

• Consent forms

Human Subject 

Protection

Implementation

Administered mentee post‐test and intent to stay questionnaire 

Administered mentor mid‐test at 3rd session and post‐tests at 6th session

Conducted 6 mentor focus group sessions

Consented mentors, administered pre‐tests, conducted initial workshop

Consented mentees, provided educational packet, and administered pre‐tests

Mentor/mentee pairings

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Mentorship Sessions

Initial workshop ‐ Keys to a Successful Mentoring Relationship and Getting Started: First Meeting 

Guide and Setting Goals 

1.Current Role 

2.Understanding Self and Others

3.Communication

4.Problem Solving

5.Leadership

6.Career Development

Data Collection

Mentee• Demographic survey (pre)

‐ Age, gender, ethnicity, education level, VUMC NICU hire date,   1st position as a RN, nursing as 1st career

• McCloskey/Mueller Satisfaction Scale (pre and post)‐ 31 items: scale to measure mentee job satisfaction; 5‐point Likert 

scale 1 = very dissatisfied, 3 = neither satisfied or dissatisfied, 5 = very satisfied

• Intent to Stay questionnaire (post)‐ 1 item: to measure impact of program on intent to stay

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Data Collection

Mentor• Demographic survey (pre)

‐ Age, gender, ethnicity, education level, years of nursing experience, specialty certification

• Mentor Competency Assessment (pre and post)‐ 26 items: scale to measure impact of mentor training; 7‐point Likert scale       

1 = not at all skilled, 4 = moderately skilled, 7 = extremely skilled• Mentor Efficacy Scale (pre, mid, post)

‐ 21 items: scale to measure mentor self‐efficacy and outcome expectancy; 5‐point Likert scale SD = strongly disagree, U = uncertain, SA = strongly agree

• Focus Group Questions (monthly)‐ 4 items: to determine additional mentor training, perceptions of mentoring 

progress, potential barriers

Data Analysis

• SPSS 23.0

• Frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, dependent t‐tests, non‐parametric Friedman test

• p value of < .05 considered statistically significant

Quantitative Analysis

• Open‐ended responses

• Coded to identified themes

Qualitative Analysis

Participant Demographics

• Age

• RN years of experience

• Gender

• Ethnicity / Race

• Nursing education level

• Specialty certification

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McCloskey/Mueller Satisfaction Scale (Mentees only)

• Extrinsic rewards• Scheduling• Family / work balance

• Control and responsibility

• Co‐workers• Social interaction opportunities• Professional opportunities• Praise and recognition

40%

60%

Intent to Stay (Mentees only)

No Yes

Mentor Competency Assessment(Mentors only)

Effective communication

Aligning expectations

Addressing diversity

Professional development

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Mentor Efficacy Scale (Mentors only)

Self‐efficacy

Outcome expectancy

0

2

4

6

8

10

Focus Group Sessions

Mentor Attendance

Successes with Mentee

• Meeting on a regular basis (58%)

• Set up boundaries and expectations (36%)

• Role playing difficult situations (21%)

• Mentee able to care for higher acuity patients (15%)

• Self‐awareness / Learned so much about myself (12%)

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Challenges with Mentee

• Time to meet (100%)

• Works opposite shift (52%)

• Nothing / None to report (39%)

• Not responding to me (24%)

• Live too far from each other (9%)

• Personal issues / Counseling (9%)

Items Needed to be Successful

• More time (100%)

• More attendees at the focus group sessions (64%)

• Not sure (52%)

• Knowledge of upcoming educational events (18%)

Additional Information / Training Requests

• Goal setting (82%)

• How to achieve work/life balance (67%)

• Opportunities to role play (52%)

• Not sure (46%)

• Conflict resolution (36%)

• How to challenge the clinical ladder (18%)

• How to and when to end the mentoring relationship (9%)

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Implications

• Increased job satisfaction and intent to stay

• Mentored more likely to mentor in the future

• Cost effective strategy

• Applicable to all areas of nursing and other professions

• Onboarding process changes

• Clinical ladder advancement

• Mentor Coordinator position

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Succession Planning for Leaders

• Nurse Leader shortage

• Investing in yourself

• Mentoring

Talent Mapping

Career Planning

Prepare for the Conversation

• Identify performance using the 9‐square

• Consider career opportunities beyond your unit

• Strengths / Areas for development

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Career Planning

Conduct the Conversation

• Ask mentee to share their 9‐square

• Share your thoughts on the 9‐square• Discuss career goals• Discuss development plan

• Schedule next meeting

Development Plan

The Importance of Listening

“Listening may be the golden key that opens the door to human relationships.”

‐William Ury, The Power of Listening

The Power of Listening YouTube

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Questions?

References American Association of Colleges of Nursing (2014). Nursing shortage. Retrieved from 

http://www.aacn.nche.edu/media‐relations/fact‐sheets/nursing‐shortage

Bandura, A. (1997). Self‐efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.

Barnett, J. S., Minnick, A. F., & Norman, L. D. (2014). A description of U.S. post‐graduation nurse residency programs. Nursing  Outlook, 62(3), 174‐184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2013.12.008

Buerhaus, P. I., Auerbach, D. I., & Staiger, D. O. (2007). Recent trends in the registered nurse labor market in the US: Short‐run swings on top of long‐term trends. Nursing Economics, 25(2), 59‐66. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/556417

Fiedler, R., Read, E. S., Lane, K. A., Hicks, F. D., & Jegier, B. J. (2014). Long‐term outcomes of a post baccalaureate nurse residency program.  The Journal of Nursing Administration, 44(7/8), 417‐422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000092

Fleming, M., House, S., Hanson, S., Yu, L., Garbutt, J., McGee, R., Kroenke, K., Abedin, Z., & Rubio, D. M. (2013). The mentoring competency assessment: validation of a new instrument to evaluate skills of research mentors. Academic Medicine, 88(7), 1002‐1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e318295e298

Halfer, D. (2011). Job embeddedness factors and retention of nurses with 1 to 3 years of experience. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 42(10), 468‐476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00220124‐20110601‐02

Harris, P. A., Taylor, R., Thielke, R., Payne, J., Gonzalez, N., Conde, J. G. (2009). Research electronic data capture (REDCap) – A metadata‐driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 42(2), 377‐381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2008.08.010

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References (continued)Health Alliance of MidAmerica LLC. (2011). Nurse Mentoring Toolkit.

Jakubik, L. D., Eliades, A. B., & Weese, M. M. (2016). Part 1: An overview of mentoring practices and mentoring benefits. Pediatric Nursing, 42(1), 37‐38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2014.07.011

Knoche, E. L., & Meucci, J. H. (2015). Competencies within a professional clinical ladder: differences in understanding between nurse managers and staff nurses. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 31(2), 91‐99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NND.0000000000000137

Kovner, C. T., Brewer, C. S., Fatehi, F., & Jun, J. (2014). What does nurse turnover rate mean and what is the rate? Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice, 15(3‐4), 64‐71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527154414547953

Kramer, M., & Halfer, D. (2012). Impact of healthy work environments and multistage nurse residency programs on retention of newly licensed RNs. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 42(3), 148‐159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0b013e31824808e3

Lin, Viscardi, & McHugh. (2014). Factors influencing job satisfaction of new nurse graduate nurses participating in nurse residency programs: A systematic review. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 45(10), 439‐450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00220124‐20140925‐15

McHugh, M. D., Berez, J., & Small, D. S. (2013). Hospitals with higher nurse staffing had lower odds of readmissions penalties than hospitals with lower staffing. Health Affairs, 32(10), 1740‐1747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0613

Mueller, C. W. & McCloskey, J. C. (1990). Nurses' job satisfaction: a proposed measure. Nursing Research, 39(2), 113‐117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097.NR199003000‐00014

References (continued)Nei, D., Snyder, L. A., Litwiller, B. J. (2015). Promoting retention of nurses: A meta‐analytic examination of causes of 

turnover. Health Care Management Review, 40(3), 237‐253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HMR.0000000000000025

Pinchera, B. J. (2012). Newly licensed nurses: A look at their first 18 months. Nursing, 42(5), 18‐22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NURSE.0000413625.74733.f8

Riggs, I. M.  (1997). The impact of training and induction activities upon mentors as indicated through measurement of mentor self‐efficacy. Retrieved from http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED442639.pdf

Snavely, T. M. (2016). A brief economic analysis of the looming nursing shortage in the United States. Nursing Economics, 34(2), 98‐100. Retrieved from https://search‐proquestcom.proxy.library.vanderbilt.edu/docview/1783691674/abstract/40D69DE1995D4AA1PQ/1?accountid=14816

"Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Visitors". Vanderbilt University. http://www.mc.vanderbilt.edu/root/visitors.html. Retrieved July 24, 2017.  

Watson, J. (2009). Caring science and human caring theory: transforming personal and professional practices of nursing and health care. Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, 31(4), 466‐482. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19385422

Weese, M. M., Jakubik, L. D., Eliades, A. B., & Huth, J. J. (2015). Mentoring practices benefiting pediatric nurses. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 30, 385‐394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2014.07.011

Stephanie Abbu, DNP, RN, CNML615‐936‐3723

[email protected]