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Abbreviations for Scientific Programsby Charlie Zender

Contents1 General Points 1

1.1 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Variable Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.3 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2 Abbreviations 2

1 General PointsThis document describes programming abbreviations. Abbreviations are quite general: Anyshortened form of a word, phrase, or concept is an abbreviation. Hence, abbreviationscan be acronyms, initialisms, or nicknames. Concise abbreviations for variable names areespecially important because they help make a program become self-documenting and thuseasier to maintain. Consistent abbreviations across programs are important because thenwhole suites of code can be updated an improved in a more modular fashion. An alternativemethod of naming variables is the Hungarian notation method originated by Charles Simonyiof Microsoft http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnvsgen/html/hunganotat.asp

1.1 AbbreviationsAbbreviations are usually used for variable names in a program. Naming a variable appropri-ately often speeds up programming by reducing the introduction of bugs to the program, andby making future maintenance easier. An effective abbreviation has a number of desirablequalities.

• Concise

• Unambiguous

• Easy to remember

• Distinct from English

Here are some guidelines which help in creating abbreviations with these qualities:

1. A common acronym, if it exists, is preferable to creating a new abbreviation (e.g.,SWCF).

2 2 ABBREVIATIONS

2. Abbreviations which do not contain common letter combinations of the English lan-guage are much easier to program. Searching and replacing uncommon letter combi-nations lessens the risk of corrupting plain text and comments in the program. Forexample, using flx rather than flux saves only one letter, but makes code maintenancemuch easier.

3. Phonetic abbreviations are often superior mnemonics. Use, e.g.,nvr rather than envfor “environment”. Phonetic abbreviations make it easier to use consonants, which arebetter than vowels in abbreviations.

4. All things being equal, three letter abbreviations, or groups of them, are best. Threeletters are easy to remember yet there are enough permutations to abbreviate almostatomic concept into a three letter abbreviation.

5. Single letter abbreviations, e.g. “t = temperature”, are always a mistake. It is nearlyimpossible to perform a quick search or search-and-replace on a single letter variable.

6. Sometimes an abbreviation is an acronym but is not capitalized. Capitalize the abbre-viation when it is common (e.g., SWCF), but leave it lowercase when it is uncommon(e.g., mpc).

1.2 Variable NamesUse underscores to aggregate abbreviations into longer groups which compose a variablename. Underscores are easier to proofread than the X-style capitalization method, e.g.,flx_bb_dwn_sfc vs. FlxBbDwnSfc or FluxBroadbandDownSurface. Variables names con-structed in this manner have the desirable property that, when they are alphabetized, relatedvariables are grouped together.

1.3 DefinitionsOften an abbreviation is used to keep a quantity distinct from a related but distinct quantity.In these cases the abbreviations are called antonyms. In the list, the antonym of a givendefinition is indicated by “ant.”. vvvOccasionally an abbreviation has a synonym, too. Inthe list, the synonyms are indicated by “syn.”.

The abbreviation is followed by the definition. In some cases the definition has multi-ple related meanings—these are separated by commas, e.g., “abs = absorption, absorbed,absorbing”.

In a few cases, the definition has multiple distinct meanings—these are separated fromone another by “or”, e.g., “aer = aerosol, aerosol-laden (turbid), or aerodynamic”.

2 AbbreviationsAbbreviations of business, financial, and travel terms:

AA Adverse Action

3

AC Authorization CodeAC70 fxm (Access Code 70?)AF Annual Fee

AGC Amazon Gift CardAOR App-O-Rama, Application-O-RamaAP Amazon PaymentsAW AwardWalletAX American ExpressBB BluebirdBC BancorpBF BeFrugalBP Bill PayBX Business ExpenseCA Cash-AdvanceCB Cash-Back or Category BonusCC Credit CardCI Credit IssuerCK Credit KarmaCL Credit Limit

CRA Credit Rating AgencyCSR Customer Service RepresentativeDC Debit CardEF ExpertFlyer.comFA Fraud AlertFR Financial ReviewFT FlyerTalkGB GoBankGC Gift Card

GCB GE Capital BankGCM Gift Card MallGGD Grocery/Gas/DrugsGP Google PlayGS Gas StationGW Google WalletHD Home DepotHP Hard Pull

Kate Walmart ATM?KV KivaLL Load LimitsMB MetabankMC MoneyCenter (in Walmart) or Money Card (Walmart product) or MasterCard

MGC Metabank Gift CardMO Money OrderMS Manufactured Spend

MVD MyVanilla Debit Card

4 2 ABBREVIATIONS

NAF No Annual FeeNF No FeeOD Office DepotOM OfficeMax

OSS Office Supply StoreOV One Vanilla

OVGC OneVanilla Gift CardPFF Purchased for Friend (e.g., GCs)PP PayPal

PPMC PayPal MyCashPPRP PayPal Reload PackRA Rite-AidRB Retention Bonus

RPC Reloadable Prepaid Card (VRC, PPRP)RR fxm (like BB at WM?)

Rite Aid Rite AidSB Starbucks

S4C SavingforcollegeSM Send MoneySP Soft Pull or Shopping Portal

SRV (AmEx) ServeRDB REDbird = Target Prepaid REDcard

ST DL Suntrust Delta (debit card)TCB TopCashBackUSB US BankVGC Vanilla Gift Card (not Visa GC by convention)VR Vanilla Reload

VRC Vanilla Reload CardVSE Visa Savings EdgeVVC Vanilla Visa CardWM WalMartWP fxm

ACH Automated Clearing HouseADR American Depository ReceiptADS American Depository ShareAFR Applicable Federal RateAGI Adjusted Gross IncomeFTR Effective Tax Rate

MAGI Modified Adjusted Gross IncomeAMC After Market ClosesAPR Annual Percentage RateAPY Annual Percentage YieldARL Airline Record LocatorARM Adjustable Rate MortgageATN Airline Ticket Number (13 digit number)

5

BCON Beacon PowerBIC Bank Identifier CodeBK Bankruptcy

BMO Before Market OpensBP La Banque PostaleC1 CapitalOne

CAP Capital Accumulation PaymentCB Carte Bleue

CBP Customs & Border ProtectionCCP Compte Courant Postal (checking account, carte bleu too)CDW Collision Damage WaiverCPH Copenhagen stock exchangeCSC Card Security Code (three digit credit card security number)

COAF Capital One Auto FinanceCTC Child Tax CreditHOH Head of HouseholdETC Electronic Travel Certificate (monetary voucher towards future purchases)CVN (Credit) Card Verification Number

CVV2 Specific Type of CVNDAB Distributeurs Automatiques de BilletsDBP Defined Benefit PlanDCP Defined Contribution PlanSTL Short-term LoanMTL Mid-term LoanLTL Long-term LoanDDG ProShares Short Oil & Gas (−1× DJIA oil) ETFDDM ProShares Ultra Dow30 (+2× DJIA) ETF

DEQM Double Elite Qualifying MilesDFSA Dependent Care Flexible Spending AccountDHS Department of Homeland Security

DJIA Dow Jones Industrial AverageDMB Daily Minimum Balance

DMCSB Daily Minimum Combined Share Balance (sum of all accounts)DOG ProShares Short Dow30 (−1× DJIA) ETFDUG ProShares UltraShort Oil & Gas (−2× DJIA oil) ETFDXD ProShares UltraShort Dow30 (−2× DJIA) ETF

EAFE Europe, Australasia, and Far East indexEBITDA Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization

ECN Electronic Communication NetworkEDC Direxion Daily Emerging Markets Bull (+3× MSCI EMI) ETFEEM iShares MSCI EMI (emerging markets) ETFEEV ProShares UltraShort emerging market (−2× MSCI EMI) ETFEFA iShares MSCI EAFE (large-cap foreign G7 stock) ETFEIN Employer Identification Number (syn. EIN)EMA Exponential Moving Average

6 2 ABBREVIATIONS

EMI Emerging Markets IndexEMV Europay MasterCard Visa (standard for smart card)EOB Explanation of BenefitsEPS Earnings Per ShareEQM Elite Qualifying MilesETA Electronic Travel Authority (Australian visa)ETF Exchange Traded Fund (tracks an index, e.g., DJIA)FAA Fly American Act or Federal Aviation AdministrationFCU Federal Credit Union

FEIE Foreign Earned Income ExemptionFICA Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA = OASDI + MEDICARE?)FMV Fair Market ValueFRE Freddie MacFRM Fixed Rate MortgageFRR Flat-Rate ReimbursementFSA Flexible Spending AccountFSB Federal Savings BankFTF Foreign Transaction Fee (credit card fee on currency exchanges)

FTIN Federal Tax Identity NumberGLD Gold (bullion) tracking ETFGM General Motors

GOES Global Online Enrollment SystemGS Goldman Sachs

HAPC Highest Average Plan CompensationHFSA Health Flexible Spending AccountHTB Hard-To-Borrow (fee)

HYMMBA High Yield Money Market Banking AccountIOSA InterestPlus Online Savings AccountITIN Individual Tax Identity Number (syn. FTIN)KBB Kelley Blue BookLTV Loan-To-Value ratioLVS Las Vegas Sands

MACD Moving Average Convergence/DivergenceMAW Monthly Automated WithdrawlMC Master Card

MCB Medical Contributions BaseMChip MasterCard implementation of EMV smart card standard

ME Moving ExpensesMIE Meals and Incidental Expenses

MSCI Morgan Stanley Capital InternationalMTDC Modified Total Direct Costs (overheat rate)MTL Mechel OAO (ADR)

CBAF Cross-Border Assessment Fee (charged by MC and Visa for FX)NASDAQ National Association of Securities Dealer Automated Quotation system

NAV Net Asset Value (share price)

7

NCE No-Cost ExtensionNPE Non-Passenger Escort

OASDI Old Age, Survivors, and Disability InsuranceOCTFCU Orange County Teacher’s Federal Credit Union

OFX Office Financial Exchange (file format/extension)OSA Online Savings AccountOTC Over-the-Counter (pseudo stock exchange)

OTCBB Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board (pseudo stock exchange)OTM Out-of-The-MoneyPAI Personal Accident Insurance

PCOR Preliminary Change of Ownership ReportPINK Telephone-based (pseudo stock exchange)PNR Passenger Name Record (record locator)

QDRO Qualified Domestic Relations OrderQFX Quiken Financial Exchange (file format/extension)QID ProShares UltraShort QQQ (−2× NASDAQ)QOQ Quarter-over-quarter (e.g., QOQ EPS)QQQ Any NASDAQ-tracking ETF

QQQQ PowerShares QQQ (+1× NASDAQ)RAQVAM Risques Autres que Véhicule à Moteur (insurance policy covering risks other than motor vehicles)

RIB Relevé d’Identité BancaireRL Record Locator

RSI Relative Strength IndexS31 SEC Section 31 Fee (based on valued of trade)SDS ProShares UltraShort S&P500 (−2× S&P500)

SFFCU SchoolsFirst Federal Credit UnionSG Société Générale

SKF ProShares UltraShort Financials (−2× DOW) ETFSMA Simple Moving AverageSNS Saturday-Night-Stay

SPDR Standard & Poor’s Depositary Receipt (aka “spider”), tracks S&P500SPY S&P500-tracking ETFSSO ProShares Ultra S&P500 (+2× DOW) ETF

SWIFT Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial TelecommunicationTAF Trading Activity Fee (based on number of shares traded)

TEQM Triple Elite Qualifying MilesTER Travel Expense ReportTID Travel of Indefinite DurationTIP Tax Savings on Insurance PremiumsTRF Travel Reimbursement FormTTC Toutes Taxes Comprises (tax included)TTP Trusted Traveler ProgramTVA Taxe à la Valeur Ajoutée (value-added tax)TZA Direxion Small Cap Bear 3X Shares (−3× Russell 2000 small cap)URP Ultimate Rewards Points

8 2 ABBREVIATIONS

AXD American Express DollarsMRP Membership Rewards Points (AmEx)BAA British Airways AviosHHP HHonors Points

UAUA United AirlinesUCRP University of California Retirement Plan (pension)

UCRSP University of California Retirement Savings Plan (403b + 457b + DC)VAM Véhicule à Moteur (insurance policy covering motor vehicles)

VSDC VISA implementation of EMV smart card standardVWDRY Vestas Wind ADR (+3× VWDRY = VWS)

VWS Vestas Wind SystemsVWSYF Vestas Wind ADR (+1× VWSYF = VWS)

XLE Select Sector Energy sector SPDR ETFXLF Financial sector SPDR ETFXLK Technology sector SPDR ETFXLP Consumer staples sector SPDR ETFXLY Consumer discretionary sector SPDR ETFNSC Negotiated Salary Component

NSTP Negotiated Salary Trial ProgramSBS Scale-Based Salary

TUCS Total UC Salaryadm annual decimal rate (ant. annual percentage rate)amz Amazon.comapr appreciation or annual percentage rate (ant. annual decimal rate)bc booking classbp boarding pass

brk breakfastchs Chasecpn couponcrd credit (card)eqf Equifaxxpr Experiantrn TransUnionfco FICOctr contractcsh cashdcp defined contribution planddc deductiondf duty-free

dml default mail addressdnr dinnerdpr depreciationdsc discountdyc daycareeqt equity

9

fbc fare basis codefdl firstname.lastnamefdr federalff frequent flyer

ffdl fancy firstname.lastnameffm frequent flyer milesffp frequent flyer programfnm first namefnn financialfx foreign exchange

fxr foreign exchange rategml Google mail (Gmail) addressgt gate

gtc good-until-cancelledgvt governmenthm home (syn. hm), (ant. ofc)

hse house (syn. hm), (ant. ofc)htl hotellfd last four digitslml Lonely mail addresslnc lunchlnm lastname (surname)lp Lonely Planet

mdc medicalthk travel hacking (thacking)mny moneymrp manufacturer’s retail pricemrt mortgagencm income

nrcr non-recurring (ant. rcr)nsr insurancenqr inquiryntr interestnvc invoicenvs invest, investmentoa operating airline

ofc office (ant. hse), (ant. hm)payg pay-as-you-gophn phonepmt paymentpo purchase order

prc price, purchasedprn principalprp propertyptn patent

10 2 ABBREVIATIONS

rht rhetoricrmb reimbursernt rentalrsr reservationrtr retirementsgn signature (i.e., Visa Signature card)s/h shipping & handlingslr salarysml spam mail addresssnk snacksp store price

stt statetbf time between flightstrm terminaltrv traveluml University mail addressvs Visa

wts with tax and shipping (i.e., all-inclusive price)xpn expenseytd year-to-date

Physical units and dimensions:

B byte

Health:

GAD Generalized Anxiety DisorderHSP Highly Sensitive PersonIBS Irritable Bowel SyndromePF Plantar FasciitisPP Placenta Previa

RCT Relational Cultural TheoryRMD Recurrent Major DepressionTGL Triglyceridesfml family

frnd friendgft gifthlt healthku kid unfriendlylv love

msc musicnic nothing in common

potm pleasures of the mindptr poetryrlt relationship

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slf selfswm swimmingsx sex

tgtbt too good to be true

Consumer electronics

1080i Interlaced (not progressive) scan HDTV 1920x1080 video mode (ant. 1080p)1080i60 1080i HDTV mode at 60/,fps (an ATSC standard, common in OTA broadcasts)1080p Progressive (not interlaced) scan HDTV 1920x1080 video mode, aka “Full HD” (ant. 1080i)

1080p24 1080p HDTV mode at 24/,fps (an ATSC and video mastering standard)1080p30 1080p HDTV mode at 30/,fps (an ATSC standard)

1600p Progressive (not interlaced) scan HDTV 2560x1600 video mode (ant. 1080i)720p Progressive (not interlaced) scan HDTV 1280x720 video mode (ant. 1080p)

720p60 720p HDTV mode at 60/,fps (an ATSC standard, common in OTA broadcasts)A/V Audio/Video

A2DP Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (Bluetooth profile) for HQ stereoAFH Adaptive Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (Bluetooth technology)AMP Alternate MAC PHY (Bluetooth technology)ATA Advanced Technology Attachment (storage-to-bus adaptor) (syn. IDE)

ATSC Advanced Television Systems Committee (commences 20090217)AVI Audio Video Interleave

AVOD Audio/Video On Demand (syn. VOD)AVRCP Audio/Video Remote Control Profile (Bluetooth profile) for remote controls

Anynet Samsung brand-name for CEC (HDMI remote control language) (syn. CEC)BNC Bayonet Neill-Concelman (RF connector to terminate coaxial cable)BT Bluetooth

BT 1.1 Bluetooth Standard, c. 2002 includes RSSIBT 1.2 Bluetooth Standard, c. 2003 includes AFH, eSCOBT 2.0 Bluetooth Standard, c. 2004 includes EDRBT 2.1 Bluetooth Standard, c. 2007 includes EIR, EPR, SSP, NFCBT 3.0 Bluetooth Standard, c. 2009 includes AMP

Bpp bytes per pixelCEA Consumer Electronics AssociationCEC Consumer Electronics Control (HDMI remote control language)CRT Cathode Ray Tube

CUDA Compute Unified Device ArchitectureDAB Digital Audio Broadcasting standard (syn. Eureka 147)

DAB+ Revised DAB standardDFP Digital Flat PanelDL Dual-Link

DLNA It stands for Digital Living Network AllianceDM Display Mode

DMS-59 59-Pin connector that supports two DVI Dual Link digital channels or two VGA analog channels from a single connectorDP DisplayPort, 20-pins (ant. HDMI)

12 2 ABBREVIATIONS

DP-1.0 DP standard, c. 200605DP-1.1 DP standard, c. 200801, supports fiber optic cables, DPCP, HDCP

DP-1.1a DP standard, c. 200802, supports eDPDP-1.2 DP standard, c. 2009, supports double bandwidth, MiniDP connectorDPCP DisplayPort Content Protection (DRM), based on 128-bit AES encryptionDRM Digital Restrictions ManagementDTV Digital TelevisionDVI Digital Visual Interface (older than HDMI, DP)

DVI-A DVI Analog (analog only)DVI-D DVI Digital (digital only, can be single- or dual-link)

DVI-D DL DVI-D Dual Link: Capable of WQXGA= 2560× 1600 60 HzDVI-D SL DVI-D Single Link: Capable of WUXGA= 1920× 1200 60 Hz

DVI-DL DVI Dual-Link. Contains second data link. (NB: ambiguous! Could be DVI-D (most likely) or DVI-I)DVI-I DVI Integrated (digital & analog, can be single- or dual-link)

DVI-M1-DA DVI Integrated (digital, analog, & USB)ECN Engineering Change Notice

EDID Extended Display Identification DataEDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM EvolutionEDR Enhanced Data Rate (Bluetooth technology)

EDTV Enhanced-definition Television (DTV, progressive scan, analog resolution, 640x480=480p, 768x576=576p)EIR Extended Inquiry Response (Bluetooth technology)

EPHC Epson PowerLite Home Cinema (projector)EPR Encryption Pause Resume (Bluetooth technology)

ExpressCard Hardware standard for cards. Supports both PCIe and USB 2.0 buses. Either 34 or 54 mm wide. (26-pin, c. 2003, supersedes PCMCIA)ExpressCard/34 34 mm ExpressCard (rectangular shape)ExpressCard/54 54 mm ExpressCard (L-shaped)

ExtUSB Proprietary (by HTC) USB 11-pin connector backwards compatible with Mini-USB. Includes extra pins to direct mount audio/video I/O.FF Form Factor

FPD Flat Panel DisplayGPGPU General-Purpose computation on Graphics Processing UnitsGPU Graphical Processing UnitGPU Graphics Processing UnitsGTF Generalized Timing Formula

HD Radio brand-name for iBiquity’s IBOC technology, US StandardHDCP High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (DRM)HDMI High-definition Multimedia Interface (newer than DVI, older than DP) (ant. DP)

HDMI Type A Single link (19 pins) connector. Does not support 2560x1600.HDMI Type B Dual link (29 pins) connector. Supports 2560x1600.HDMI Type C Dual link (29 pins) mini-connector. Supports 2560x1600.

HDMI 1.0 HDMI Standard, c. 2002, includes 1080p/UXGAHDMI 1.1 HDMI Standard, c. 2004, includes DVD audioHDMI 1.2 HDMI Standard, c. 2005, includes CEC featuresHDMI 1.3 HDMI Standard, c. 200606, includes Dolby TrueHD, DTS-HD, defined cable Categories 1 and 2, Type C mini-connector

HDMI 1.3a HDMI Standard, c. 200611, includes cable, CEC, Type C clarificationsHDMI 1.3b HDMI Standard, c. 200703, includes compliance testing revisions

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HDMI 1.3b1 HDMI Standard, c. 200711, includes Type C testing revisionsHDMI 1.3c HDMI Standard, c. 200808, includes active cable testingHDMI 1.4 HDMI Standard, c. 200905, includes HDMI ethernet, 3840x2160p and 4096x2160p resolutions

HDTV High Definition TV, 1920× 1080 resolution, 16:9 aspect ratioHDTV High-definition Television (DTV, 1280x720=720p, 1920x1080=1080i, 1920x1080=1080p60)

HDTV DM DVI-DL 1920× 1080 85 Hz with GTF blanking (2× 126MHz)HDTV DM DVI-SL 1920× 1080 60 Hz with CVT-RB blanking (139 MHz)

HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access, improved W-CDMA protocolHSPA High Speed Packet Access: Combination of HSDPA and HSUPA, capable of 14/5.8 Mbps down/up

HSPA+ Evolved High Speed Packet Access, improved HSPA capable of 42/11 Mbps down/upHSUPA High Speed Uplink Packet Access, improved W-CDMA protocolHTC High Tech Computer Corporation

HTC Desire Android PDA, c. 201002; optical trackpad, runs HTC-Sense, 480× 800 resolution, 5 Mp w/LED flashHTC Dream Android PDA, c. 200809, branded T-Mobile G1; 320× 480 resolution, includes slide-keyboard

HTC Evo 4G Android PDA, branded Sprint Evo, c. 201006; 480× 800 resolution, 8 Mp w/LED flash (rear), 1.3 Mp (front), HDMI outHTC G2 Android PDA, c. 201009, branded T-Mobile G2, 3.7” WVGA, 800 MHz CPU, HSPA+, 5 Mp

HTC Hero Android PDA, c. 200912, branded T-Mobile G2 Touch; includes 3.5 mm audio jackHTC Incredible Android PDA, branded Droid Incredible, c. 201005; 480× 800 resolution, 8 Mp w/LED flash

HTC Legend Android PDA, branded Sprint Hero2, c. 201004; 320× 480 resolution, 5 MpHTC Magic Android PDA, c. 200907, branded T-Mobile G2, myTouch 3G; lacks keyboard

HTC Passion Android PDA, c. 201001, branded Google Nexus One; noise-canceling microphonesHXGA Hex[adecatuple] Extended Graphics Array, 4096× 3072 resolution, 4:3 aspect ratioIBOC In-Band On-Channel (way of adding digital to analog broadcasts)IEC International Electrotechnical CommissionLDI LVDS Display Interface (standard for connecting graphics card to LFP using LVDS)LFP Local Flat PanelLGD LG Display (LCD panel supplier), formerly (syn. LPL))LPL LG Phillips (LCD panel supplier, now (syn. LGD))LTE Long Term Evoluation (based on GSM, successor to HSPA) capable of 300/75 Mbps down/up

LVDS Low-voltage Differential Signaling (low-power electrical signaling system) (ant. TMDS)Mini PCIe, PCI-E PCI Express Mini Card (expansion card for PCIe bus) (c. 2005)

Mini-TOSLINK Miniature TOSLINK (found on Apple computers)MiniDP Miniature DisplayPort (newest standard), 20-pins (ant. HDMI)

Motorola Droid Android PDA, carrier Verizon, branded Motorola Milestone (w/GSM), c. 200911; 854× 480 resolution, 5 Mp w/LED flash (rear), HDMI outMotorola Droid X Android PDA, carrier Verizon, c. 201007; 480× 848 resolution, 8 Mp w/LED flash (rear), HDMI out

NFC Near Field Communication (Bluetooth technology)NFC Near Field Communication

NTSC National Television System Committee, broadcasts at 640x480=480iOTA Over-The-Air (TV broadcasting signal)OTG On-The-Go (terminology for portable devices, e.g., PDAs)PAL Broadcasts at 768x576=576i

PATA Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment (older, slower than SATA) (ant. SATA)PBP Picture-By-Picture

PC, PCMCIA Card Hardward card type (c. 1991, superseded by ExpressCard)PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect (c. 1993, older, different FF than PCI-X, PCIe)

14 2 ABBREVIATIONS

PCI-X PCI eXtended (c. 1998, newer than PCI, older than PCIe) (ant. PCIe)PCIe, PCI-E PCI Express (c. 2004, newer than PCI and PCI-X) (ant. PCI-X)

PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (refers to hardward card type) (syn. PC card)PDA Personal Digital AssistantPIP Picture-In-Picture

QXGA Quad eXtended Graphics Array, 2048× 1536 resolution, 4:3 aspect ratioQXGA DM DVI-DL 2048× 1536 75 Hz with GTF blanking (2× 170MHz)

RCA Radio Corporation of America (A/V adaptor plug)RIHD Onkyo brand-name for CEC (HDMI remote control language) (syn. CEC)RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator (Bluetooth technology)

S/PDIF Sony/Philips Digital Interconnect Format (digital audio signal protocol) (syn. IEC 60958 type II)SATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (storage-to-bus adaptor) (ant. PATA)SCSI Small Computer Systems Interface (communications protocol for high-performance hard disks)SDTV Standard-definition Television (DTV, interlaced scan, analog resolution, 640x480=480i, 768x576=576i PAL)SL Single-Link

SSP Secure Simple Pairing (Bluetooth technology)SXGA Super eXtended Graphics Array, 1280× 1024 resolution, 5:4 aspect ratio

SXGA DM DVI-SL 1280× 1024 85 Hz with GTF blanking (159 MHz)Samsung Android PDA, c. 201012, carrier T-Mobile, branded Google Nexus S; 480× 800 resolution, 5 Mp w/LED flash (rear), NFC

Samsung Epic 4G Android PDA, c. 201007, branded Samsung Epic;TAA Trade Agreement Act (computer purchase compliance-related)

TMDS Transition Minimized Differential Signaling (used in DVI, HDMI) (ant. LVDS)TOSLINK TOShiba-LINK (optical fiber connector used for audio signals)

U160 SCSI variety emulated by IDE RAID farmUSB Universal Serial Bus

USB EMU Enhanced mini-USB connector (EMU) (11-pin, 3× 7mm rectangle, one beveled corner, G1)USB Micro-A Micro USB Standard-A connector ( 1.5× 7mm)

USB Micro-AB Micro USB Dual Standards A & B connector (5-pin, 1.5× 7mm rectangle, all square corners)USB Micro-B Micro USB Standard-B connector (5-pin, 1.5× 7mm, two beveled corners). USB Micro is the modern ( 2010) standard for cell-phone connectors used by, e.g., Nexus One, and by Amazon KindleUSB Mini-A Miniature USB Standard-A connector (5-pin, 3× 7mm rectangle, two beveled corners), deprecated c. 2007USB Mini-AB Miniature USB Dual Standards (A & B) connector ( 3× 7mm)USB Mini-B Miniature USB Standard-B connector (5-pin, 3× 7mm rectangle, all square corners). Forward compatible with HTC EMU/ExtUSB on G1.

USB-A USB Standard-A connector (4-pin, flattened rectangle)USB-B USB Standard-B connector, carries power (4-pin, square with beveled corners)

USB 1.0 USB “Low-Speed” (187.5 kB s−1) Standard, c. 1996USB 1.1 USB “Full-Speed” (1.5 MB s−1) Standard, c. 1998USB 2.0 USB “High-Speed”, “Hi-Speed” (60 MB s−1) Standard (includes “micro-USB” USB, c. 2000USB 3.0 USB “SuperSpeed” (625 MB s−1) Standard, c. 2008

UXGA DM DVI-SL 1600× 1200 60 Hz with GTF blanking (161 MHz)UXGA, UGA Ultra eXtended Graphics Array, 1600× 1200 resolution, 4:3 aspect ratio

VDPAU Video Decode and Presentation API for UnixVESA Video Electronics Standards AssociationVGA Video Graphics Array (an analog-standard interface) (640× 480 resolution)

VIERA Link Sony brand-name for CEC (HDMI remote control language) (syn. CEC)VIERA-Cast Panasonic technology for streaming multimedia from Internet to HDTVs

15

VOD Video On Demand (syn. AVOD)W-CDMA Widband Code Division Multiple Access, 3G mobile telecommunication standard

WFP Widescreen Flat PanelWQUXGA Wide Quad Ultra Extended Graphics Array, 3840× 2400 resolution, 16:10 aspect ratio

WQUXGA DM DVI-DL 3840× 2400 33 Hz with GTF blanking (2× 159MHz)WQUXGA DM DVI-SL 3840× 2400 17 Hz (164 MHz)

WQXGA Wide Quad eXtended Graphics Array, 2560× 1600 resolution, 16:10 aspect ratioWQXGA DM DVI-DL 2560× 1600 60 Hz with GTF blanking (2× 174MHz)

WSXGA, WXGA+ non-standard term for, usually, 1440× 900 resolutionWSXGA, WXGA+ DM DVI-SL 1440× 900 60 Hz (107 MHz)

WUXGA Widescreen Ultra eXtended Graphics Array, 1920× 1200 resolution, 16:10 resolutionWUXGA DM DVI-SL 1920× 1200 60 Hz with CVT-RB blanking (154 MHz)

WXGA Wide eXtended Graphics Array, a non-standard: 1280× 800 resolution, aspect ratio 16:10, or 1366× 768 resolution, aspect ratio 16:9X: Display The resolution and depth of a given ScreenX: Monitor Physical display surfaceX: RandR Resize and Rotate (X-Windows extension)

X: Screen Combination of Monitor with graphics DeviceX: Xinerama

azw Filename extension for Amazon e-booksbpp bits per pixeleDP Embedded DisplayPort, internal connection standard (graphics cards to notebook displays)

eSATA external Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)eSCO Extended Synchronous Connections (Bluetooth technology)fps frames per secondknd Amazon Kindlembp Filename extension for Amazon e-books notes/annotationspap Personal Audio Playerpda Personal Digital Assistantphl Filename extension for Amazon e-books icons?pmp Personal Media Playertwn TwinView (NVidia X-display mode)

Geographical places, stations, regions, and features: this points to sxn:abb

AAr AntarcticArc ArcticBrb BarbadosBrm BermudaIzn IzañaSMA St. Miguel de AllendeSMU St. Martin d’UriageSvl SvalbardULB Uriage le BainsWaD WAIS Divide

16 2 ABBREVIATIONS

Initials (often used as change markers in source code):

ag Alf Grinibcb Byron C. Bovillebee Brian E. Eatonbk Brian Kahncl Chao Luo

csz Charles Sutton Zenderdap Diana A. Patakidlw Daniel L. Wangdmw David M. Williamsonfd Florent Dominé

jcg Jean-Charles Galletjmr Jim M. Rosinskijpm Joseph P. McConnelljtk Jeffrey T. Kiehlmat Mark A. Taylormcb Michael C. Brownmgf Mark G. Flannermt Michael Tosca

nmm Natalie M. Mahowaldpjr Philip J. Raschqh Qin Han

rah Rick A. Hansellrlm Ron L. Millerrkr Russell K. Rewsbc Scott Blair Cappsswb Stephen W. Berrick

xtcb Tami C. Bond

AAA Arctic Absorbing AerosolAAS Atomic Absorption SpectrometryABI Application Binary Interface

ACADIS Advanced Cooperative Arctic Data and Information ServiceACCESS Advancing Collaborative Connections for Earth System Science (NASA ROSES Program)

ACE Army Corps of EngineersACM Association for Computing MachineryACP Atmospheric Chemistry (NSF GEO AGS Program)ACP Atmospheric Chemistry Program (NSF GEO ATM program) or Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Program

ACRM (NASA) Atmospheric Composition Research and ModelingADT Anomalous Diffraction TheoryAER Atmospheric & Environmental Research

AERONET Aerosol Robotic NetworkAFGL Air Force Geophysical LaboratoryAGU American Geophysical Union

17

AISR Applied Information Systems Research (NASA ROSES program)AIX IBM variant of UNIX used in ESMFALD Active Layer Depth (of permafrost)ALW Adiabatic Liquid Water

AMAP Arctic Monitoring and Assessment ProgramAMBT Air Mass Back-Trajectory

AMSR-E Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (satellite instrument)AMWG (CCSM) Atmospheric Model Working Group

ANENA Association Nationale pour l’Etude de la Neige et des AvalanchesANS Arctic Natural Sciences Program

ANTLR ANother Tool for Language RecognitionANWR Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWAR)AO Announcement of Opportunity (NASA RFP) (syn. RFP), (syn. FOA), (syn. CFP)

KNMI Royal Netherlands Meteorological InstituteCFP Call for Proposals (syn. RFP), (syn. FOA), (syn. AO)

AOGCM (Coupled) Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation ModelAPI Application Programmer InterfaceGBD Global Burden of DiseaseAR4 Fourth (IPCC Climate) Assessment ReportAR5 Fifth (IPCC Climate) Assessment ReportARC (NSF) Division of Arctic SciencesARF Aerosol Radiative ForcingARM Atmospheric Radiation Measurement

ARMA Auto-Regressive Moving-AverageASE Advanced Science and Engineering

ASIRT Aerosol Snow Ice Radiative TransferASR Atmospheric System Research (DOE ARM Program)AST Abstract Symbol TableATM (NSF) Division of Atmospheric Sciences

ATSR Along Track Scanning Radiometer and Microwave SounderAVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (satellite instrument)

AVIRIS Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging SpectrometerBAAQMD Bay Area Air Quality Management District

BATS Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer SchemeBAU Business As UsualBEC Biogeochemistry-Ecosystem-Circulation (model)

BECA Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (US DoS)BET Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (surface area)BEV Battery Electric VehicleBFI Buckminster Fuller InstituteBGC Biogeochemistry

BGCWG (CCSM) Biogeochesmistry Working GroupBGF Bare Ground Fraction

BIRN Biomedical Informatics Research NetworkBRDF Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function

18 2 ABBREVIATIONS

BTS Bug Tracking SystemCA Cooperative Agreement

CADD Centralized Analysis of Distributed DataCALYPSO Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation

CAM Community Atmosphere Model or Complex Angular MomentumCARRE Central Asia Research and Remediation Exchange

CASTNET Clean Air Status and Trends NETworkCAT Cap And TradeCBA Cost-Benefit analysis

CBET Chemical, Bioenngineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems (NSF ENG Division)CCAP Center for Clean Air PolicyCCAR California Climate Action Registry

CCCAC California Climate Change Advisory CommitteeCCM Community Climate ModelCCN Cloud Condensation Nuclei

CCNC Cloud Condensation Nuclei CounterCCS Carbon Capture and StorageCCS Coal with Carbon Capture and Storage

CCSM Community Climate System ModelCDC Center for Disease Control

CDHS California Department of Health ServicesCDI Cyber-Enabled Discovery and Innovation (NSF Cross-cutting program)CDL Common Data Language (textual representation of netCDF data)CDM Common Data Model (structural representation of netCDF data)

CDNC Cloud Droplet Number ConcentrationCDO Climate Data OperatorsCDP Cloud Droplet ProbeCE Civil Engineering or Corresponding Editor

CEC California Energy CommissionCENIC Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in CaliforniaCERES Clouds and Earth’s Radiant Energy System (satellite instrument)

CF Climate & Forecast (metadata convention)CFC Chloro-fluorocarbon

CFEP Center for Educational PartnershipsCFVR Critical Friction Velocity RatioCGS Centimeter Gram Second unitsCH4 CH4

CHP California Highway PatrolCHRS Center for Hydrometeorology and Remote SensingCICE Los Alamos sea ice modelCIES Council for International Exchange of ScholarsCISE Computer and Information Science and Engineering (NSF Directorate)CITI Center for Information Technology and InfrastructureCL Client Library

CLD Climate and Large-Scale Dynamics

19

CLEAN addressing Climate Change through Learning, Empowerment, Action, and NetworkingCLM Common Land Model

CLMUG Community Land Model User’s GuideCMG Climate Modeling Grid

CMIP3 Coupled Model Intercomparison ProjectCN Condensation Nuclei

CNH Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems (NSF Program)CNRS Centre Nationale de la Research ScientifiqueCNS Computer and Network SystemsCO2 CO2

CO2e Equivalent CO2

COSMOS California State Summer School in Mathematics and ScienceCP4SMP Competitive Program for Science Museums and Planetariums Plus Opportunities for NASA Visitor Centers and Other Informal Education Institutions

CPC Climate Protection CampaignCPC Condensation Particle CounterCPT Climate Process Team (NSF GEO AGS CLD Program)CPU Central Processing Unit

CRDF Civilian Research and Development FoundationCRF Cloud Radiative ForcingCRM Column Radiation Model

CRYSTAL-FACE Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers—Florida Area Cirrus ExperimentCSE Computer Science and Engineering

CSIM Community Sea Ice ModelCSP Concentrated Solar Power

CSRM Cloud System Resolving ModelCST Client-Server Traffic

CSTP Client-Server Traffic ProtocolCSUB California State University at BakersfieldCSV Comma-Separated ValueCTM Chemistry Transport ModelCVS Concurrent Versions System

CVWG (CCSM) Climate Variability Working GroupCWC Condensed Water ContentCWP Condensed Water Path

CalEPA California Environmental Protection AgencyCalIT2 California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

CalREN-2 California Regional NetworkCalREN-XD California Research Network, Experimental Development

CentOS Community Enterprise Operating SystemDADD Distributed Analysis of Distributed DataDD Debian Developer

DDA Discrete Dipole ApproximationDDD Data-Driven Discovery

DDPO Debian Developer’s Packages OverviewDDR Distributed Data Reduction

20 2 ABBREVIATIONS

DEAD Dust Entrainment And Deposition ModelDEBITS Deposition of Biogeochemically Important Trace SpeciesDECADE Diverse Educational Community and Doctoral Experience

DGA Division of Grants and AgreementsDHS Department of Homeland SecurityDI De-Ionized

DIC Data-Intensive ComputingDIF Dissolved Iron Fraction

DIRTMAP Dust Indicators and Records of Terrestrial and MArine PaleoenvironmentsDKMS Dynamic Kernel Module SupportDNMG Debian New Maintainer’s GuideDOAS Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy

DOCCD Database of Optical Constants for Cosmic DustDODS Distributed Oceanographic Data ServerDOI Digital Object IdentifierDPG Distributed Power Generation

DRUM Davis Rotating Unit MonitoringDTG Depth to Groundwater

DUFISSS DUal-Frequency Integrating Sphere for Snow SSA MeasurementDWP Department of Water and Power

E/PO Education & Public OutreachEA/WR Eastern Atlantic/Western Russia

ECE Electrical and Computer EngineeringECMWF European Center for Medium-range Weather ForecastsECTNA Eastern and Central Tropical North AtlanticEDXRF Energy Dispersive X-Ray FluorescenceEECS Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceEES Earth and Environmental Science or Environmental Engineering and Sustainability (Cluster in NSF ENG CBET)

EGG-TRAM Emissions-to-Global-Grid Transfer Routine for Aerosol MicrophysicsEHP Elevated Heat PumpEID Emerging Infectious DiseaseEMA Effective Medium Approximation

EMEP European Monitoring and Evaluation ProgramEMMF Economical Multi-scale Modeling FrameworkEMN Effective Machine NameENG Engineering (NSF Directorate)

ENSO El Niño-Southern OscillationEOS Earth Observing System

EOSDIS Earth Observing System Data and Information SystemEQSAM EQuilibrium Simplified Aerosol Model

ESA European Space AgencyESC Earth Simulator Center

DSIA Data Stewardship Interest AreaESDSWG Earth Science Data System Working Groups

ESE Earth Science Enterprise (NASA) or Environment, Society, and Economy (NSF GEO/SBE Program), or Earth Systems Engineering (NSF ENG Program)

21

HWG (NASA ESDS Conventions for) HDF5 Working GroupESG Earth System GridESI Electronic Supplementary Information

ESIG Environmental and Societal Impacts GroupESM Earth System Model

ESMF Earth System Modeling FacilityESS Earth System Science (Department)

ESTO Earth Systems Technology OfficeSFA Scientific Focus Area (DOE prgorammatic concept)

EaSM Earth System Models (NSF Panel)FAA Federal Aviation AdministrationFAR First Assessment ReportFC Forecast Cluster

FDTD Finite-Differerence-Time-DomainFIM Fire Injection Module

FIPSE Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education (DOE program)FNF Friends aNd FamilyFOA Funding Opportunity Announcement (DOE RFP) (syn. RFP), (syn. AO)

FOCUS Faculty Outreach Collaborations Uniting Scientists, Students and SchoolsFOI Field Of InterestFRE Fire Radiative EnergyFRP Fire Radiative PowerFSB Foreign Scholarship BoardFSU Former Soviet UnionFTA Fire Thermal Anomaly

FTBFS Fails to Build from SourceFTE Full-time EmployeeFV Field site Visits

GADS Global Aerosol Data SetGARMA Generalized Auto-Regressive Moving-Average

GB GigabyteGCM General Circulation ModelGDP Gross Domestic ProductGDS GrADS-DODS ServerGEO Geosciences (NSF Directorate)

GEON Geosciences NetworkGEOS-CHEM Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry Model

GEWEX Global Energy and Water Cycle ExperimentGFED Global Fire Emissions DatabaseGFP Guidebook for ProposersGFS Global File SystemGHG Greenhouse Gas

GHGI Greenhouse Gas IntensityGISS Goddard Institute for Space StudiesGLD Geomorphology and Land-Use Dynamics

22 2 ABBREVIATIONS

GLIDE General Land Ice Dynamic Elements (core of GLIMMER)GLIMMER Ice Sheet Model of Payne et al.

GLX OpenGL Extension to the X Window SystemGMI Global Modeling Initiative

GNOME GNU Object Module EnvironmentGOA Geometric Optics Approximation

GOES Geostationary Earth Orbiting SatelliteGPFS General Parallel File SystemGPL GNU General Public License

GPL3 GNU General Public License version 3GRACE Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (satellite instrument)

GRAVITY Graphics, Visualization, and Imaging TechnologyGSC GEOS-CHEM

GSFC Goddard Space Flight CenterGW Global Warming

GWP Global Warming PotentialGb Gigabit

GrADS Grid Analysis and Display SystemH2OH2O (H2O)2H2SO4 H2SO4

HCFC Halogenated CFCsHDF Hierarchical Data Format

HDF-SDS HDF Scientific Data Set format (*.hdf files)HDF4EOS HDF version 4 EOS data format (*.he2, *.he4, *.hdfeos files)HDF5EOS HDF version 5 EOS data format (*.he5 files)

HFCV Hydrogen Fuel Cell VehicleHG Henyey-Greenstein (phase function)

HIPerWall High-Performance Visualization System for Collaborative Earth System SciencesHNLC High Nutrient Low ChlorophyllHPC High Performance Computing

HPCC High Performance Computing CenterHPVM High-Performance Virtual MachinesHSE Hollow Sphere Equivalent

HTML Hypertext Markup LanuageHTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol

HULIS Humic-like SubstancesHUSWO Hourly United States Weather Observations

IAF Ice Albedo FeedbackIAMAS International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences

IBL Internal Boundary LayerIBM International Business MachinesIC International ConferencesIC Ion Chromatography

ICCID Integrated Circuit Card IdentifierICS Information and Computer Sciences

23

ICTA Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (Institute of Environmental Science and Technology)ICoD Euro-Mediterranean Centre for Insular Coast Dynamics (ICoD)IDE Integrated Drive Electronics (commodity PC hard disks) or Integrated Development EnvironmentIDL International Date LineIFS Integrated Forecast System

IGPP Institute of Geophysics and Planetary PhysicsII Information Integration

IIE Institue of International EducationIII Information Integration and Informatics (NSF CISE IIS Program)

IIPS Interactive Information Processing SystemsIIS Information and Intelligent Systems (NSF CISE Division)

IMSI Integrated Mobile Subscriber IdentityIN Ice Nuclei

IOM Institute of Mathematics (Almaty, Kazakhstan)IOP Intensive Observing PeriodIPA Independent Pixel Approximation or International Phonetic Alphabet

IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate ChangeIPO Interprocedural OptimizationIPY International Polar Year

IRES International Research Experience for Students (NSF Program)ISC International Symposium on Coccidioidomycosis

ISDAC Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol CampaignISG Integrated Sinusoidal Grid

ISHMS Integrated Surface Hourly Meteorological StationISHO Integrated Surface Hourly Observations

ISSDS International Symposium on Sand and Dust StormsISTC International Science and Technology CenterITA Intent to AdoptITD Ice Thickness DistributionITT Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (satellite instrument)IWC Ice Water ContentIWP Ice Water Path

JAMSTEC Japan Institute of Marine Science and TechnologyJC Journal Club

JISAO Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and OceanJIT Just-in-timeJPL Jet Propulsion LaboratoryKDE K Desktop EnvironmentLAC Light Absorbing Carbon

LAISSE LGGE Albedo Integrating Sphere for Snow ExperimentsLAN Local Area Network

LANL Los Alamos National LaboratoryLAPACK Linear Algebra PACKageLBAOP Long Beach Aquarium of the Pacific

LBF Large Blocksize Filesystem

24 2 ABBREVIATIONS

LBL Line-by-lineLEP Laboratory for Environmental PlanningLES Large Eddy SimulationLFS Large File Support

LGGE Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l’Environnement (Grenoble, France)LHS Left Hand Side

LIDAR LIght Detection And RangingLKM Linux Kernel ModuleLLJ Low-level Jet

LLNL Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLMWG (CCSM) Land Model Working GroupLOSU Level of Scientific UnderstandingLSLZ Lower Sonoran Life ZoneLSM Land Surface ModelLTP Long-Term ProbabilityLW Longwave (radiation)

LWC Liquid Water ContentLWCF Longwave Cloud ForcingLWP Liquid Water Path

MABL Marine Atmospheric Boundary LayerMAC Media Access ControlMAE Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringMAR Mass Accumulation Rate

MARSWIT Mars Surface Wind TunnelMASAIS Measurement of Albedo and specific Surface Area using an Integrating SphereMATRIX Multiconfiguration Aerosol TRacker of mIXing state

MBD Metrics Baseline Document (for NASA ACCESS)MBWA Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (e.g., IEEE 802.20)MCD MODIS Combined DatasetMCT Metrics Collection Tool (for NASA ACCESS)MD Mineral Dust

MERRA Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and ApplicationsMFC Missing From CollectionMFO Multi-File Operator

MINATROC Mineral Dust and Tropospheric ChemistryMISR Multi-angle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer (satellite instrument)MKS Meter-Kilogram-Second unitsMLE Maximum Likelihood EstimationMM5 PennState/NCAR Mesoscale Model version 5MMD Mass Median DiameterMMF Multi-scale Modeling Framework

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly ReportMNP Mojave National Preserve

MODI Multi-Orifice Deposit Impactor (MODI)MODIS Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (satellite instrument)

25

MOP Microphysical Optical PropertiesMOPITT Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (satellite instrument)MOSAIC MOdel for Simulating Aerosol Interactions and ChemistryMOUDI Multi-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactors (MOUDI)

MOZART Model for Ozone and Related TracersMOZIR Infrared (radiation) or Infection Rate

MPC Medium Performance ComputingMPI Message Passing Interface

MPMD Multiple Program Multiple DataMRMVF Multi-Record Multi-Variable FileFRCG First Record of Current GroupLRCG Last Record of Current GroupLDRF Last Desired Record in FileMRO Multi-Record OutputMSG Meteosat Second GenerationMSP Math Science PartnershipMSc Marine StratocumulusNAA Neutron Activation Analysis

NACS Network and Computing ServicesNASA National Aeronautic and Space AdministrationNBC Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical weaponsNC National Conferences

NCAR National Center for Atmospheric ResearchNCCS NASA Center for Computational SciencesNCCS National Center for Computational Sciences (DOE)NCDC National Climatic Data CenterNCEP National Center for Environmental PredictionNCEP National Commission on Energy PolicyNcML netCDF Markup LanguageNCO netCDF Operators

NCVweb NetCDF Viewer WebNDVI Normalized Difference Vegetation IndexNEMS DOE National Energy Modeling System

NERSC National Energy Research Scientific Computing CenterNGS National Geographic SocietyNH Northern Hemisphere

NH4 NH4

NHS National and Homeland SecurityNIC National Ice CenterNIR Near InfraredNMI NSF Middleware InitiativeNMU Non-Naintainer UploadNO2 NO2

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationNOMADS NOAA Operational Model Archive and Distribution System

26 2 ABBREVIATIONS

NOPP National Oceanographic Partnership ProgramNPACI National Partnership for Advanced Computational Infrastracture

NPOESS National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite SystemNPS National Park ServiceNRA NASA Research Announcement

NRDC National Resources Defense CouncilNSA North Slope of AlaskaNSF National Science Foundation

NSIDC National Snow and Ice Data CenterNSS Non-Sea Salt Sulphate

NSSC NASA Shared Services CenterNUG NCO User’s Guide

NVODS National Virtual Ocean Data SystemNWS National Weather ServiceO2 O2

O2000 Model of SGI shared memory supercomputer at UCI (krein)O2N2 O2·N2

O2O2 O2·O2

O2X O2·XO3 O3

OAR Oceanic and Atmospheric ResearchOBGC Ocean BiogeochemistryOCHO OCHOOCI Office of Cyberinfrastructure (NSF Office)OEM Ocean Ecosystem Model

OISE Office of International Science and Engineering (NSF Division-Level Organization)OLLI Osher Lifelong Learning InstituteOLR Outgoing Longwave RadiationONI Optical Networking Initiative

OPAC Optical Properties of Aerosols and CloudsOPC Optical Particle CounterOPP Office of Polar Programs (NSF Office)

OPeNDAP Open-source Project for a Network Data Access ProtocolORB Object Ring Buffer

ORNL Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOLCF Oak Ridge Leadership Computing FacilityOSL Optically Stimulated Luminescence (dating technique)

OpenMP Standard API for SMPPOpenACC Open ACCelerators for SMPP

OptIPuter Optical networking Internet Protocol computerDAG Directed Acyclic Graph (history type used by GitHub)

PAPI Performance Application Programming InterfacePAR Photosynthetically Active RadiationPAS Personal Access SystemPCG Petascale Collaboratory for the Geosciences

27

PCMDI Program for Climate Model Development and IntercomparisonPCWG Polar Climate Working Group

PEBCAK Problem Exists Between Chair And KeyboardPGE Pacific Gas & Electric CompanyPI Principle Investigator

PIO Parallel I/OPIR Personal Interview Report

PM10 Particles finer than 10 µm in diameterPM2.5 Particles finer than 2.5 µm in diameter

POC Point of ContactPOLARCAT POLar study using Aircraft, Remote sensing, surface measurements and modeling of Climate, chemistry, Aerosols and Transport (IPY project)

POP Parallel Ocean ProgramPOP+OEM POP with Ocean Ecosystem Model embedded

PPA Personal Package ArchivePPA Plane Parallel Approximation

PRIDE Puerto Rico Dust ExperimentPSC Pathscale

PSCTF Physical Sciences Communications Task ForcePTS Package Tracking System (Debian)

PVFS Parallel Virtual File SystemPVM Parallel Virtual Machine

R2D2 Remote Reduction of Distributed DataRAID Redundant Array of Independent DisksRAM Random Access MemoryRC Release Critical

RCAST fxmRCS Research Computing ServicesRDB Relational databasesRDG Rayleigh-Debye-GansREE Rare Earth ElementRFP Request for Package or Request for Proposals (syn. FOA), (syn. AO)RFS Request for SponsorRGB Red Green BlueRH Relative Humidity

RHS Right Hand SideRLL Regular Latitude LongitudeROI Region Of InterestRPM RedHat Package ManagerRPS Renewable Portfolio StandardsRR Reaction Rates

RRDR Remote Reduction of Distributed DataRRT Rapid Response TeamRSP (NASA) Radiation Sciences ProgramRT Radiative Transfer

RTM River Transport Model

28 2 ABBREVIATIONS

SACC Swiss-American Chamber of CommerceSAF Snow Albedo FeedbackSAL Saharan Air Layer

SAMSON Solar and Meteorological Surface Observational NetworkSAN Storage Area NetworkSAO Semi-Annual OscillationSAR Second Assessment ReportSAS surface-atmosphere systemSBE Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences (NSF Directorate)

SC4 = SC4 Southern California Climate Change ConsortiumSCAQMD South Coast Air Quality Management DistrictSCCOOS Southern California Coastal Ocean Observing System

SCD Study Center DirectorshipSCF Snow Cover FactorSCI Shared Cyberinfrastructure

SDCI Software Development for Cyberinfrastructure (NSF OCI program)SDO Scientific Data OperatorsSDS Scientific Data Set Format

SDSC San Diego Supercomputer CenterSDSU San Diego State University

SDSWS (WMO) Sand and Dust Storm Warning SystemSEI Science and Engineering Informatics or Stockholm Environment Institute

SEIII Science and Engineering Information Integration and InformaticsSEM Scanning Electron Microscope

SEVIRI Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed ImagerSFO Single-File OperatorSGD Smart Grid Demonstrations

SGER Small Grant for Exploratory ResearchSGI Silicon Graphics IncorporatedSH Southern Hemisphere

SHADE Saharan Dust ExperimentSI System Internationale

SIM Subscriber Identity ModuleSL Southern Levant

SLD Semi-Lagrangian DynamicsSLR Sea Level RiseSMD Science Mission DirectorateSMP Symmetric Multi-Processing, Shared Memory Parallelism

SMPP Shared Memory Parallel ProgrammingSMUD Sacramento Municipal Utilities District

SNICAR SNow, ICe, and Aerosol Radiative modelSNSF Swiss National Science FoundationSO4 SO4

SOFeX Southern Ocean Iron ExperimentSOI Southern Oscillation Index

29

SOIREE Southern Ocean Iron Enrichment ExperimentSOM Supporting Online MaterialSP Senior Personnel or Super-Parameterization

SPEW Speciated Pollutant Emission WizardSPMD Single Program Multiple DataSPS South Pole StationSPS UCI School of Physical SciencesSPV Solar PhotoVoltaicsSRB Storage Resource Broker

SRES Special Report on Emissions ScenariosSRM Solar Radiation ManagementSS Saltation-Sandblasting

SSA Specific Surface AreaSSDRA Server-Side Data Reduction & Analysis

SSI UCI Summer Science InstituteSSP Summer Science ProgramSSS Sea Salt SulphateSST Sea Surface TemperatureSTP Standard Temperature and Pressure

SUCCESS Subsonic Aircraft: Contrail and Cloud Effects Special StudySW Shortwave (radiation) or Southwest or Summer Workshops

SWAMP Script Workflow Analysis for MultiProcessingSWCF Shortwave Cloud ForcingSWE Snow Water Equivalent

SciDAC Scientific Discovery through Advanced ComputingTAR Third Assessment ReportTB TerabyteTC Tropical Cyclone

TEOM Tapered Element Oscillating MicrobalanceTG Temperature GradientTH Thermostat Hypothesis

TIPA The International Phonetic AlphabetTL Thermoluminescence (dating technique)

TNA Tropical North AtlanticTNEF Transport-Neutral Encapsulation Format (winmail.dat)TOA Top of Atmosphere

TOMS Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (satellite instrument)TRL Technology Readiness LevelUAB Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Autonomous University of Barcelona)

UARP (NASA) Upper Atmosphere Research ProgramUB Universitat Barcelona (University of Barcelona)

UCAR University Corporation for Atmospheric ResearchUCEAP University of California Education Abroad Program

UCI University of California, IrvineUDF Universal Disk Format

30 2 ABBREVIATIONS

UNCCD United Nations Convention to Combat DesertificationUNIX Generic name for operating system

UOEAP Universitywide Office of the University of California Education Abroad ProgramUPC Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (Polytechnical University of Barcelona)

UPMC Université P. et M. CurieURI University of Rhode IslandUV User Visits to LEPVC Visualization Cluster

VCR Vice Chancellor for ResearchVR Virtual Reality

WAIS West Antarctic Ice SheetWCGGWI West Coast Governors’ Global Warming Initiative

WCRP World Climate Research ProgrammeWG Working Group

WG1 (IPCC) Working Group One (Scientific Basis of Climate Change)WKB Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (theory)

WLAN Wireless Local Area Network (e.g., IEEE 802.11, WiFi)WMAN Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (e.g., IEEE 802.16, WiMAX)WMD Weapons of Mass Destructiona

WNPP Work-Needing and Prospective PackagesWPAN Wireless Personal Area Network (e.g., IEEE 802.15, Bluetooth)WPWP Western Pacific Warm PoolWRF Weather Research and Forecasting (model)

WSTNA Western and Subtropical North AtlanticWWAN Wireless Wide Area Network (e.g., IEEE 802.16, WiMAX)

WiMAX Worldwide Inter-operability for Microwave Access (IEEE 802.16)XML Extensible Markup LanguageYD Younger-Dryas

YKW You Know WhoZKB Zero known bugs

netCDF network Common Data Formatp655 8-CPU IBM computer node in ESMFp690 32-CPU IBM computer node in ESMF

ALMOD average layer monochromatic optical depthALT average layer transmission

CEWI Compiler Error Warning InitializerHG Henyey-GreensteinIT Interface TransmissionIT Interface transmission

ITOD Interface Transmission Optical DepthLMOD Layer Monochromatic Optical DepthLMT Layer Monochromatic TransmissionLT Layer Transmission

31

LTOD Layer Transmission Optical DepthRUVICFFU Retain Unused Variables In Comments For Future Use

Ray RayleighSS Sensitivity Studyaa azimuthal average

aapt Android Asset Packaging Toolabb abbreviationabs absorption, absorbed, absorbingaca anomalous cloud absorptionacc annual cycleacm accomodation or accomplishmentact activityacu altocumulusadb adding-doubling (radiative transfer method) or Android Debugging Bridgeadp adaptation (ant. mtg)aer aerosol, aerosol-laden (turbid) (ant. cln), or aerodynamicafr afforestationagr agriculturalalb albedoall all, every, entirealp associated Legendre polynomialalw adiabatic liquid water or allowamp ampersandamt amountanl analyzed or analytic (ant. rsl)anm animation or anomaly or anonymousapk Android applicationapm applied mathapn append (ant. ppn) or appendixapr annual progress report or approve, approved or apertureapt appointmentarf aerosol radiative forcingash apparent sink heatasm asymmetry (as in asymmetry parameter) or asymptoteasp aspherical (ant. sph)atm atmosphere or atmosphericatt attributeavg average, meanaxz axis, axesazi azimuth, azimuthalbb broadband

bbc broad branch crystal (ant. hxg)bbd black bodybbl bubblebch batch or beach

32 2 ABBREVIATIONS

bck backscatter (ant. fwd) or backupbcl baroclinic (ant. brt)bdy birthdaybfr bufferbgf bigfilebio biologicalbkf backfillblk block or blackbll bellbln booleanblr bluer (shorter wavelength) (ant. rdr)bm beam or benchmark

bmb biomass burningbnd band or bounded, boundarybnr binary

bool Booleanbp pointer to byte

bppv bits per packed valuebrd broadened, broadeningbrn Brownian or barnbrt brightness (temperature) or barotropic (ant. bcl)bsc backscatterbsl Besselbtm bottom, lowermost (ant. top)bvr bi-variate (ant. uvr)bw black and white

bwn Bowen (ratio)bxm box modelcbc cubicccd coccidioidomycosiscch cacheccn cloud condensation nuclei

cdnc cloud droplet number concentrationcff coefficientcfg configurechk check or checksumchm chemistrychn channelchn chaptercht cheatsheetck cook, cookingck correlated-k

ckn cookingclb Coulombclc collection

33

cld cloud, cloudy or all sky (ant. clr)cll collision or cell or collimatedclm column or climatecln clean (aerosol-free) (ant. aer) or clean (memory) (ant. drt) or calendarclq colloquiumclr color or clear (cloud-free) (ant. cld)cls Celsius (ant. klv) or class or close (ant. opn) or classical (ant. qnt)cly claycmd commandcml cumulativecmm communicatorcmn commoncmp compare or compress, compressed, compressioncn condensation nuclei

cnc concentration or conclusioncnd condensate, condensed or conductivity, conductancecnf conformcnk chunkcnm continuum (ant. ln) or economic, economicalcnn canonicalcnp canopycns consulate

cnsc consecutivecnt count or continuum or controversycnv convergence or convert or conventioncor core (ant. mnt)cos cosinecp copy or pointer to char

cpc capacitycpl capillarycpt captioncpv computational precision variablecpx complexcrc correction or circumference or circlecrd coordinatecrl curl (ant. dvr) or coralcrp creep (surface) or cryptographycrr currentcrs Cirrus or course (ant. hrz) or cross (ant. dot)crs crust, crustalcrt Cartesian (ant. sph) or critical (syn. thr) or createcsn seasonalcst cast or constant or constituent or coast, coastal

csza cosine solar zenith anglectg category or contiguous

34 2 ABBREVIATIONS

ctl control (ant. xpt)ctr center, central or countercv curriculum vitae

cvr centennial variabilitycw carbon and water

cyl cylinder (ant. sph)dat dataday night (ant. ngh)dbg debugdbl double (ant. flt)dbn debiandcc diurnal cycledcr decreasing or decrementdcx double_complexdd day of month (two digit format) (syn. dom)

ddd day of year (three digit format) (syn. doy)ddm direct-diffuse meanddp dry depositiondep depth, as in optical depthdex Dalvik executabledff diffuse (radiation) (ant. drc) or diffusion, diffusivity (deprecated)dfl default or deflate, deflated (ant. nfl)dfn definite or define, definitiondfr deforestationdfr differential or defer, deferreddfs diffuse (radiation) or diffusion, diffusivity (preferred)dgn diagnostic or diagonaldgr degrees (ant. rdn)dgs digestdgt digitdle delta-Eddington (radiative transfer method)dlq deliquesencedlr dollardlt delta, differencedmd diamond dustdmg Disk Image (MacIntosh filetype)dmm deci-millimeter (m−4) or dim, dimmingdmn dimensiondmr dimerdmt diameter (ant. rds)dmy dummydnd do not delete or dendrite, dendriticdne does not existdnl delete whitespace up to new line (M4 comment)dnm denominator (ant. nmr)

35

dns densitydom day of month (syn. dd)dot dot product (ant. crs)doy day of year (syn. ddd)dp pointer to double

dpl dipole or duplicatedpp Dopplerdps depositiondpt depthdrc direct (ant. dff) or directiondrg dragdrk dark (ant. lgt)drn durationdrs addressdrt dirty (memory) (ant. cln)drv driver or derived, derivation or derivativedrw Darwindsc description or discussion or discriminant or discretizationdsd drop size distribution (ant. psd)dsh dashdsk diskdsr desertdsr discrete-ordinates (radiative transfer method)dss diseasedst distribution or distance or dustdtc detectordvc devicedvd divide (ant. mlt)dvn deviationdvr decadal variability or divergence (ant. crl)dwn down, downwelling (ant. up)dwp dew pointdwt dry weightdyn dynamicedc educationeid emerging infectious diseasesemu emulateenm enumeratedepd epidemiologyeps epsilon or Encapsulated PostScripteqm equilibriumeqn equationeqx equinox (ant. sls)err errorest East (ant. wst)

36 2 ABBREVIATIONS

evl evaluateevn even (symmetric) (ant. odd)ext extinctionfch fetchfct factorfcx float_complexffc effectivefgr figurefk fakefl file or firstnamelastname (no space)

flc fluctuating, fluctuationfld field or fluidflg flagflk flakefll fill or full or Fallfls false (ant. tru)flt filter or float (ant. dbl) (ant. int)flw flow or follow or fellowship or follow-upflx flux (syn. rrd)fml familyfn first name (ant. ln)

fnc functionfnl finalfnt fontfp pointer to float

frc fraction or forcing or frictionfrd Froude or Faradayfrl fractalfrm formulafrn foreign (broadened) (ant. slf)

frnd friendfrq frequency (ant. wvn) (ant. wvl) (ant. prd)frr Fourierfrs Fresnel or first (ant. lst)frs forestfsh efficiency or offshore (ant. nsh)fsn fusionfst offsetftr futurefwd forward (ant. rvr) or forward scatter (ant. bck)fxm fix me (debugging)fzz fuzzy (band averaged)gaa global annual averagegam global annual meangcc global climate change

37

gdp gravitational depositiongds geodesic

gdwt gram dry weightgft giftglb global or greatest lower boundglc glacier, glacial, glaciogenicgml Gmail addressgmm gammagmr geomorphology, geomorphicgmt Greenwich Mean Time or geometricgnd ground or agendagng geo-engineeringgnm genome, genomicgnr generic or generatorgoa geometric optics approximationgpd gas phase diffusiongrd grid or gradient (ant. crl)grp groupgrv gravity, gravitationgrw grow, growthgry greygsd geometric standard deviationgss Gauss, Gaussiangw Gaussian weight

gwc gravimetric water contenthch heterogeneous chemistryhdl headlinehdr header

heat heatingheg HDF EOS Gridhgh high (ant. low)hgt height (ant. wdt)hh hour of day (two digit format) (syn. hr)hi high, uppermost (ant. lo)

hlc holocenehmr humorhmd humidityhmg homogeneous (ant. nhm)hms hemispherehnd handlehnr Henry or honor, honorshr hour

hrd surface hoarhrs depth hoarhrv Harvard

38 2 ABBREVIATIONS

hrz horizontal (ant. vrt) or high-resolutionhst history

htrn HITRANhxd hexadecimalhxg hexagon, hexagonal (ant. bbc)hyd hydrology

i18n internationalizationiaf ice albedo feedbackicc interannual cycle or ice coreicr ice coreid identifier

idx index or indicesiff if and only ifilg illegal (ant. lgl)img imaginary or imagein input (ant. out)

ini initial, initializeinq inquireint integer (ant. flt)ipc interparticle cohesionipm isopotomerips idiom and practice of scienceipt isopotomeriso isotope or isothermalist interstitialitp isotopeitr iterator or iterationivr interannual variabilityjc journal club

jrn journalkdz kidsklv Kelvin (ant. cls)kml Keyhole Markup Language (syn. kmz)kmz zipped (compressed) Keyhole Markup Language file (syn. kml)knd Knudsonknm kinematicknt kinetickyt kite

l10n localizationlac light absorbing carbonlai leaf area index (ant. vai,sai)lak lakelat latitude (ant. lon)lbl label or line-by-linelbr library

39

lcl locallcn locationldr lidarlev levellfc lifecyclelft lift or left (ant. rgt) or lifetimelgf logfilelgl legal (ant. ilg)lgn lognormal or legendlgt light (ant. drk) or lightningliq liquidlkt look-up tablellm illuminationlmn element or laminarln line or natural logarithm or last name (surname) (ant. fn)

lnd land (ant. ocn)lng long or length or languagelnr linear (ant. nlr)lnt lenticularlo low, lowermost (ant. hi)

loi letter of intentlon longitude (ant. lat)los letter of supportlow low (ant. hgh)lp pointer to long

lpl Laplace, Laplacianlqd liquid (ant. sld)lrb larboard (syn. prt) (ant. srb)lrb larboard (syn. prt) (ant. srb)lrn Lorentz, Lorentzianlrv least rapidly varyinglsc last significant characterlsf line shape factorlss loesslst list or last (ant. frs)ltn latent (heat) (ant. sns) or latencyltr letter or literlub least upper boundlut lookup tablelvl level

m17n multilingualizationmax maximum (ant. min)mbl mobilizationmca multi-component aerosolmcr micron

40 2 ABBREVIATIONS

md modemdl modal (ant. sxn) or model (ant. obs), (ant. msr)mdm medium (ant. prt), (ant. core), (ant. ncl)mdn medianmdp midpoint (ant. ntf)mds modulusmfp mean free pathmgn magnetism, magneticmie Miemin minimum (ant. max)mjr majormk make, create

mlc molecule, molecularmlg mileagemlk Malkmus or Milankovitchmll molality (mol kg−1)

mlmic mean linear mass increase coefficientmlr molarity (mol L−1)mlr molarity (mol L−1)mls mid-latitude summer or mean line spacingmlt multiply (ant. dvd) or multiple (ant. sgl)mlw mid-latitude wintermm month of year or minute of hour (two digit format) (syn. moy, mth)

mmn moment or momentummmr mass mixing ratio or memorymmt mammatusmmw mean molecular weightmnz immunizationmnc Monte Carlomng monographmnm minimum (ant. mxm)mno Monin-Obukhovmnr minor or mineral, mineralogymnt monotonic or minute or mantissa or mantle (ant. cor)mod modulusmom moment (e.g., in Legendre expansion)

mono monochromaticmoy month of year (syn. moy)mpc mass path column or impactionmpl implementation or mass path layermpr empiricalmrd (mass) mixing ratio in dry air (ant. mrm)mrk Markov or markmrm (mass) mixing ratio in moist air (ant. mrd)mrr mirror

41

mrv most rapidly varyingmrz Mars, Martianmsc miscellaneous or musicmsg messagemsk maskmsl mean sea levelmsn emissionmsr measured, measurement (ant. mdl), (syn. obs)mss mass or missing (value)mst moisture, moist (air) (ant. dry)msv emissivitymtd metadata or methodmtg meeting or mitigation (ant. adp)mth month (syn. moy, mm) or mathmtm metamorphismmtr meter or metricmtx matrix (ant. ncl)mvs Microsoft Visual Studio

mvsc Microsoft Visual Studio Compilermwb Maxwell-Boltzmannmxg Maxwell Garnett (ant. brg)mxm maximum (ant. mnm)naa number average analyticnar number average resolvednb narrow band

nbr numbernc netCDF

ncl nucleation or nucleus, nuclei, nuclear or inclusion (syn. core), (syn. prt), (ant. mtx) or include (ant. xcl) or ancillaryncr increasing or increment or encrypted (ant. ucr) or anchorncv natural climate variabilityncw nuclear winterndc normalized device coordinatesndf indefinitendn indent, indentation or endiannessndf indefinitendm non-dimensional or endemicndr indirect effect or nadir, downward looking (ant. zen)nfc infectionnfl inflate (ant. dfl)nfn infinitenfr info., informationngh night (ant. day) or neighborngs Ångströmnhm inhomogeneous (ant. hmg)

42 2 ABBREVIATIONS

nlr non-linear (ant. lnr)nm name

nma number median analyticnmn nominal or non-monotonicnmr number median resolved or numeric or numerator (ant. dnm)nms namespacenpc number path columnnpl number path levelnrg energy or inorganic (ant. rgn)nrs inertianrs nurse, nursingnrt North (ant. sth)nsh onshore (ant. fsh)nsl insolationnsm ensemblensr answernst instrument or instantiate, instantiation or instructor, instructionnsz Nussenzweigntc interception or noticentf interface (ant. mdp)ntg integral or integernth enthalpyntl initial or initialstmc atomic (ant. ntm)ntm intermediate or non-atomic (ant. tmc)ntn intensity or radiancentp interpolate, interpolant or entropyntr introduction (ant. cnc) or internal (ant. xtr) or nutrient or entertainmentnts note to selfntt annotate, annotated, notationntv interval, interviewntw networkntz unitsnvr environment (ant. prc) or inversion or nevernvt invitationnwa number weighted average analyticnwr number weighted average resolvednwt Newton (syn. rph), Newtoniannxt next (ant. prv) or (ant. crr)obl oblate (ant. prl)obs observed, observation (ant. mdl), (syn. msr)ocn ocean (ant. lnd)

oda[c,l] optical depth absorption [column,layer]odd odd (anti-symmetric) (ant. evn)

ods[c,l] optical depth scattering [column,layer]

43

odx extinction optical depthodx[c,l] optical depth extinction [column,layer]

off offsestomp OpenMPop operation

opn open (ant. cls)opt optical or option or optimalosm osmoticosw offshore windout output (ant. in)ovl overlayovr overlappbl public (ant. prv) or planetary boundary layerpcc polar climate changepch photochemistry (ant. hch) or pchpck pack, packed (ant. upk)pcl Peclet or parcel (ant. nvr)pcp precipitationpct percentpd present day

pdd photodiodepfl profilepfo pseudo-first order

pforc pseudo-first order rate coefficientpfx prefixpht photonphy phytolithphz phaseplc place or policy or paleoclimateplg polygonplk Planckpll palette or pollutionpln plant or plain (syn. ucr) or planar (ant. sld)plp plane parallelplr polar, as in polar angle (ant. azi)plt plotplt politics, politicalpmr partial molar refraction (optical approximation)pmp pre-empt, pre-emptionpnl panelpnr panoramapnt pointppl population or popular (ant. prv)ppn prepend (ant. apn)ppp pre-proposal

44 2 ABBREVIATIONS

ppr partial pressure or paperprc process or photodissociation rate coefficient or precisionprd period (ant. frq) or productprg programprj projectionprl parallel (ant. prp) or prolate (ant. obl) or parliamentarianprm parameter or prime or permafrostprn print, printer or parentheses, parenthetical, or period or parentprp property or perpindicular (ant. prl) or proposal or propre (clean) (ant. sal)prs pressure or parse or person or pressprt partial or partition or port (syn. lbr) (ant. sbr)prv peer-reviewed (ant. ppl) or preserve, preservingprv private (ant. pbl) or previous or provisionalprx approximationpsd particle size distribution (ant. dsd) (syn. szdst) or pseudonympsd postdocpsn positionpss Poisson or parent snow samplepst positive or poster or pesticidepth pathptn potentialptr pointer or poetrypwr powerpyr pyrocumulusqck QuikSCATqdr quadratic or quadrupleqnt quantum (ant. cls)qrk quarkqst saturated mixing ratiorat raterbn rebinrbt rebaserbt rebuttalrcd return coderch researchrcm recomputercp reciprocalrcr recurrence (ant. nrcr) or recursiverct rectangle, rectangular (ant. rrg)rdb erodible, erodibilityrdc reduced or radioactivityrdd retain degenerate dimensionsrdl radialrdn radian (ant. dgr) or radiationrdr order (ant. rrd) or redder (longer wavelength) (ant. blr)

45

rds radius (ant. dmt)rec recordrf reef

rfl reflectancerfr refraction or reference or refreshrgd rigidrgh roughnessrgl regularrgn region or original, origin or organic (ant. nrg)rgr regression or regridrgt right (ant. lft)rhd relative humidity at deliquescencerjc reject, rejectedrl real

rlh roughness length heatrlm roughness length momentumrlt relativerlv roughness length water vaporrma resonance of maximum amplitudermn remaining or Riemannrmt remoternb rainbowrnd raindroprng rangernk rankrnr renormalizernt orientationrph Raphson (syn. nwt)rpk repackrpl replicate, replicantrpr reprint or repairrpt reportrqr requirerqs requestrrd irradiation, irradiance (syn. flx), (ant. ntn) or re-order (ant. rdr)rrg irregular (ant. rct)rsd residue or residualrsl resolved (ant. anl) or resultrsn resolutionrsr resourcerss resistancerst resetrtc articlerte routerth arithmetic or orthogonal, orthonormal

46 2 ABBREVIATIONS

rtl run-time linkingrtp ready-to-postrtr retrieval or routerrts ready-to-sendrtt rotated, rotation, rotational, rotatorrvr reverse (ant. fwd) or river, riverinervw reviewrx regular expression

rxn reactionrxr reaction rate

rxrc reaction rate coefficientryl Rayleighryn Reynoldsryt ray-tracingrzh erosionsaa surface area average analyticsai stem area index (ant. vai,lai)sal sal (dirty) (ant. prp)sar surface area average resolvedsas sub-Arctic summer or surface-atmosphere systemsaw sub-Arctic wintersbf Spherical bessel functionsbl sublimationsbr subroutinesbs subscript (ant. sps)sbt subtract (ant. add)sca scattering (ant. abs)scc seasonal cyclescd schedulescf snow cover fractionsch searchscl scale or schoolscn second or scanscr security or secretsct scatter, scattering, scatterometer, or structurescv scalar value or scavenge, scavengingsd side

sdm sedimentsdn studentsdv standard deviationseb surface energy budgetsec secondsfc surfacesft softwaresfx suffix

47

sgl single (ant. mlt)ebk e-booksgn sign or assignment or significandnsg unsignedsgs sub-gridscaleshf shuffleshm Schmidtshp shape or shipshr Sherwoodsht shortsin sineskp skip (ant. usd)sl soil

slb slab or solubilityslc slicesld solid (ant. pln) (ant. lqd)slf self (broadened) (ant. frn)sln solutionslp slipslr solarsls solstice (ant. eqx) or slashslt solute (ant. slv) or silt or saltation, saltatorslv solvent (ant. slt) or solve, solversma surface area median analyticsml similaritysmm summationsmp soil matric potential or sample or simple or symmetric multi-processingsmr Summer or surface area median resolved or summarysnd sonde or sandsng stringsnp snap or snowpacksns sensitivity or sensible (heat) or sunsetsnw snowsov separation of variablessp pointer to short

spc special or spectral (ant. bb) or specific or spectroscopy or spacespf superfluous or spitfiresph sphere, spherical (ant. cyl) (ant. asp)spl supplementspm summary for policymakers (ant. tsm)spn spanspr Spring or sparse or supersps superscript (ant. sbs)sqr square, squaredsrb starboard (ant. prt) (ant. lrb)

48 2 ABBREVIATIONS

src source or structuresrd stridesrf surface reflectance feedbacksrg storagesrl spiralsrm streamsrs seriessrt start or sortsrv service or serverss single scattering or sensitivity study or second of minute (two digit format)

ssh secretssl sea-saltstb stable or stabilitystc sticking (coalescence)std standardstg staggersth South (ant. nrt)stk Stokes or stackstl satellitestm stimulated

stmt statementstp stepstr star or strength or stressstt status, state or statement or students’ t-teststx stratosphere-troposphere exchangesty stylesv save

svd saturation vapor densitysvm saturation vapor mixing ratiosvn subversionsvp saturation vapor pressuresvr seasonal variabilitysvy surveysw software

swa surface area weighted average analyticswg software engineeringswr surface area weighted average resolvedsxn section or sectional (ant. modal)sys systemsz size

sza solar zenith angleszdst size distribution

tbl tabletca tropical cirrus anviltch teacher

49

tck ticktdl tidaltdp turbulent depositionthk thick, thicknessthr threshold or therapythw thawtlk talktln outlinetm time

tmp temporarytmr timertms TOMS or timeseriestmw teamworktnd tendencytnr tenuretns tensortnt tentativetop top, uppermost (ant. btm)tpg topography, topographictpt temperaturesmf ESMFtps Tempest (remapping suite)trb turbulent, turbulencetrc tracertrg trace gas or target or triggertrm thermal or term or terminationtrn transmittance, transmission or transformation or trend or translation, translational (energy)trp tropics, tropical or triplettru true (ant. fls)trv traversetsm technical summary (ant. spm)tst testttl total or titletxt text or texture (soil)typ typeucr un-encrypted (plain text) (ant. ncr)um micron, micrometer

unk unknownnsx intersection (ant. unn)unn union (ant. nsx)up upward, upwelling (ant. dwn)

upk unpack, unpacked (ant. pck)upt uptakeupw upward, upwelling (ant. dwn)usd used (ant. skp)

50 2 ABBREVIATIONS

usg usageusr useruvr uni-variate (ant. bvr)vaa volume average analyticvai vegetation area index (leaf + stem) (ant. lai,sai)val valuevar variability or variable or volume average resolvedvbr vibrationvct vectorvec vectorvf Valley Fever

vgt vegetation or Voigtvlc volcano, volcanicvld valid, model validation datasetvlm volumevlw volume-weightedvma volume median analyticvmr volume median resolvedvnt event or ventilationvp pointer to void

vpr vaporvrb verbosencs ancestorvrn variancevrs version or variousvrt vertical (ant. hrz) or vortex, vortice or verticevs Visual Studio

vsb visiblevsc viscous, viscosityvsh vector spherical harmonicvta volume-to-areavwa volume weighted average analyticvwc volumetric water contentvwr volume weighted average resolvedvzn visualizationwbl Weibullwbn wind binwdp wet depositionwdt width (ant. hgt)wdw windowwgt weight, weightedwht white

winoc water insoluble organic carbon (ant. wsoc)wk weak or week

wnd wind or Windows

51

wnt Winterwrd awardwrk workwrp wrap

wsoc water soluble organic carbon (ant. winoc)wst West (ant. est)wt wait

wth weatherwtl wetlandwtm mass-weightedwtn number-weightedwtr waterwts surface area-weighted or spectrally weightedwtv volume-weightedwtx cross sectional area-weightedwv wave

wvl wavelength (ant. wvn)wvn wavenumber (ant. wvl)xaa cross-sectional area average analyticxab extended abstractxar cross-sectional area average resolvedxbt exhibitxcf eXperimental Computing Facility (gimp file format)xcl exclude (ant. ncl)xcs excessxct Executablexct excited (state)xem extended effective mediumxma cross-sectional area median analyticxmp examplexmr cross-sectional area median resolvedxnt eccentricity (orbital)xpc expectedxpn exponent, exponential or expand, expanded (ant. pck)xpr expression or expirexpt experiment (ant. ctl)xrf cross referencexsa cross-sectional areaxst exist, existsxsx cross-section, cross-sectional (area)xtn extend, extendedxtr extrapolate (ant. ntp) or extract or external (ant. ntr)xwa cross-sectional area-weighted average analyticxwr cross-sectional area-weighted average resolvedyld yield

52 2 ABBREVIATIONS

yr year (syn. yyyy)yyyy year (four digit format) (syn. yr)zen zenith, upward-looking (ant. ndr)zpd zero plane displacementzro zerozta zeta