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Energy Efficiency inElectric Power Systems
EMAN 2007 Conference24 May 2007
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ABB today
ABB Group:n Revenues 24 billion USDn 108 000 employees in around
100 countriesn R&D investment around 1.1
billion USD
ABB Finland:n Revenues 1.5 billion EURn Over 6000 employees on over
40 locationsn R&D investments 7 % of
revenuesn Factories in Helsinki and Vaasa
Power and productivity for a better world
ABB is a global leader in power and automation technologies thatenable utility and industry customers to improve their performance whilelowering environmental impact
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Power Technologies overviewProductsn Special Transformersn Power Transformersn Distribution Automationn Switchgearn MVapparatusn HVapparatusn Cables
Systemsn Power Generationn Substationsn Distribution Control and
Protection Systemsn Utility Communicationsn Substation Automationn AC and DC Systems
ServiceReliability to power distribution
Power generation Power stationGrid220400 kV
Distribution substations Secondary substation
Local network620 kV
Substation Areal network40130 kV
Transformer
End user
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Automation Technologies overview
Productsn Drivesn Machinesn Motorsn Low Voltage Productsn Low Voltage Systemsn Robotsn InstrumentsProcess Automationn Electrification and Automation
Systemsn Drive Systemsn Electrical Propulsion Systems
for Shipsn Electrification and automation
systems for shipsService
Energy savings and productivity
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World energy demand incresing over 50 % by 2030
Regional growth
2/3 of the increase in the energydemand is in the emerging markets
Majority of energy to be producedwith fossil fuels still for a long time
World primary energy demand
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Role of electricity increasing
n Electricity is in key role in energysupply and welfare in the future
n Proportion of electricity is already1/3 of world energy consumption
n Electricity demand is increasingfaster than the growth of population
World electricity demand 20022025
Lähde: IEA 2002
But there is still 1,6 billion people in the world without access to electricity
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What is energy efficiency & why does it matter?
Useful energy output
Energy inputEnergy efficiency =
è Concerns over climate changeè Concerns over economic availabilityn
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Usefulenergy
80%
“w
aste
”
Energyinput
Energy use
transport
conversionefficiency line losses
productionprocess
net energy
motor efficiency,buildings
Primaryenergy
Electricalenergy
Transmission &Distibution
IndustrialPlant
Motors &Drives Buildings
Energy efficiency: eliminate losses & waste©
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transport
conversionefficiency line losses
productionprocess
net energy
motor efficiencybuildings
Primaryenergy
Electricalenergy
Transmission &Distibution
IndustrialPlant
Motors &Drives Buildings
Drive &motor
systems
Processautomation
systems
Gridoperationsystems
Plantautomation
systems
Processautomation
systems
Transportsystems
BuildingInstalla
tions
ABB contributes to each stage
50%
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Optimized control of multiphase flowfrom oil wells can enhance productionrates by up to 30% and saveexploitation energy
New HVDC light electricity supply to oilplatforms and use of high voltagemotors saves energy to operate theproduction site
Oil & Gas©
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Optimized control of the startup of theboiler in a power plant can save asmuch as 10 percent of energy per year
Power Generation
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HVDC and HVDC light with cables offersignificant reduction of losses alreadyfor short transmission lines comparedtotraditional HVAC overhead lines.
FACT systems compensate reactive powerand make installed HVAC installations moreefficient and flexible.
Transmission©
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Turbochargers boost diesel engineoutput by up to 300 % and save fuel
Transport
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Better control systems for productionspeed in cold rolling steel millscan increase throughput up to 40%and reduce thickness variation by 50%
Production optimization andenergy management in cement plantscan reduce production cost by 5%
Industrial Process Optimization©
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Electric motors: A key opportunity
n 60% of industrial energy is used by electric motors
n Higher efficiency spells lower energy consumption
n For each 1 EUR spent to purchase a motor, 100 EUR arespent for energy cost during its lifetime
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Even higher savings with variablespeed drives
n Too many motors still run at fixed speeds
n Drives can control the speed of the motorto match output with the driven load orprocess all the time
n In a city water supply, for example, thiscan save up to 50% of the energy usedcompared to fixedspeed motors andthrottling
Time of the day
WaterConsumption
CapacityConsumption
12%10%8%6%4%2%0%
06:00 12:00 18:00 24:00
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Throttling vs. variable motor speed
Saved powerLossesUseful work
Flow (%)
Power (%)
020406080
100120140
160
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Power (%)
Flow (%)
Motor lossesPump lossesValve lossesUseful work
0
2040
6080
100
120140160
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
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Where can motors and drives save energy?
FansFans ConveyorsConveyors Roller tablesRoller tables
PumpsPumps CranesCranes OffshoreOffshore
WindersWinders
Paper machinePaper machine
Debarking drumsDebarking drums
Ski liftsSki lifts
PropulsionPropulsionCentrifugesCentrifuges
SpinningSpinning
DrillingDrilling DecantersDecanters
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Saving potential
n By improving the efficiency of industrial motors inn China 19 TWh/yearn Europe 5 TWh/year
n By using variablespeed drives in economically soundapplications inn China 134 TWh/yearn Europe 43 TWh/yearn USA (incl. highefficiency motors) 85 TWh/year
according to expert studies 2005
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• The installed base of ABB drives saved about 130 TWh in 2006, equivalent to theconsumption per year of more than 32 million families.
• ABB’s installed base of ABB low voltage drives reduced CO2 emissions in 2006 by 109million ton, more than the yearly emission of Finland.
ABB drives save energy
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Y92
Y93
Y94
Y95
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Y98
Y99
Y00
Y01
Y02
Y03
Y04
Y05
Y06Ye
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Energy savings (TWh)
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Sustainability: areas of focus 2007
n Ongoing training programs to improve health and safety performancen Two year program underway to cut ABB’s energy use by five percentn Further phasing out of hazardous substances in manufacturingn Management of social, environmental and human rights risks being
tightenedn Strengthening of security, crisis and pandemic planningn Work with international organizations, including World Business Council
for Sustainable Development, UN Global Compact, Business LeadersInitiative on Human Rights
n Access to Electricity program expanding in India and Tanzania
Continued and broader integration withour businesses
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Energy efficiency –the other alternative energy
n Climate change is a big challenge foreveryone in global society
n Majority of energy will be produced with fossilfuels still for a long time
n Worlds energy demand is increasing over 50%from now to 2030n Electricity demand is increasing even
fastern Price of energy has reached permanently a
high leveln We should
n stop “wasting”energyn continue investing in further
development of energy efficienttechnology and knowhow
Energy efficient technologies are available to beexploited today –often with short payback period
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