Upload
others
View
2
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
124
Abbas, S. R. 1965. On the biology of Pipaldiplosis pipaldiplosis Mani. Indian
Journal of Entomology, 27 (1): 21-30.
Abe, T. 2001. Flowering phenology, display size, and fruit set in an understorey
dioeciuos shrub, Aucuba japonica (Cornaceae). American Journal of
Botany, 88: 455-461.
Abrahamson, W. G. and McCrea, K. D. 1986. Nutrient and biomass allocation in
Solidago altissima effects of two gallmakers, fertilization, and ramet
isolation. Oecologia (Berl.), 68: 174-180.
Adair, R. J., Neeser, S., and Kolesik, P. 2000. Australian seed preventing gall
midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) as Potential biological control agents
for Invasives Acacia sp. in South Africa. Proceedings of X International
symposium on biological control of weeds.
Agarwal, B. D. 1967. Biology of Schizomyiza orentalis Grover. Cecidologia, India,
11(2): 85-102.
Aiman, R. 1970. Recent research on indigenous antidiabetic medicinal plants-an
overall assessment. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology,
14: 65- 6.
Alkan, B., 1958. Güney Anadolu biberlerinde zarar yapan yeni bir haşere
(Asphondylia capsici Barnes) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Ankara
Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yıllığı, 7 (78): 8-9.
Allen, O. N. and Allen, E. K. 1981. The Leguminosae. The University of
Wisconsin Press. 812 p.
Allen. M. Z and M. A. Wadud. 1963. On the biology of litchi mite, Aceria litchi
(Eriophyidea: Acarina) in East Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Science,
15 (5): 231-240
Ananthakrishnan, T. N. 1984. Biology of Gall Insects. Oxford and IBH Publishing
Co. India. 362 pp.
125
Anonymous, 1978. (AICRIP) (All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Project)
Progress Report, Kharif 1978. ICAR, New Delhi, India (Mimeo).
Arifin, K and Van Vreden, G. 1977. Mass rearing of the rice gall midge, Orseolia
oryzae (Wood- Manson). Contrib. CRIA, Bogor, 12: 15pp.
Arthur, E., Weis., Rod Walton and Cathryn, L. Crego. 1988. Reactive plant tissue
sites and the population biology of gall makers. Annnal Review of
Entomology, 33: 467-486.
Askew, R. R. 1994. Two new European species of Ormyrus (Hymenoptera,
Ormyridae) Entomol Mont Mag, 130: 87-93.
Askew, R. R. 1975. The organisation of chalchid dominated parasitoid
communities centred upon endophytic host. In P.W. Price(ed)
Evolutionary strategies parasitic insects and mites. Plenum press, New
York and London. 130-153p.
Axelsen, J. A. 1994. Host-parasitoid interactions in an agricultural ecosystem: a
computer simulation. Ecological Modeling, 73: 189–203.
Ayyanna, T and Raghavaiah, G. 1990. Occurance of chilli gall midge Asphondylia
capsci Barnes at Bapatla in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh.
Arecanut Spice Jn. 13(3): 106.
Banerjee, S. N. 1971. Recent progress in rice insect research in India. Proceedings
of a symposium on rice insects. Tropical Agriculture Research Centre,
July19-24, Tokyo, Japan TARS, 5: 322pp.
Barnes, H. F. 1930. On some factors governing the emergence of gall midges
(Cecidomyiidae: Diptera). Proceedings of Zoological Society of
London, 2: 381–393.
Barnes, H. F. 1931. The sex ratio at the time of emergence and the occurrence of
unisexual families in the gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae). Journal
of Genetics, 24: 225–234.
126
Barnes, H. F. 1933. Gall midges of economic importance. Volume II: Gall midges
of fodder crops. Crosby Lockwood & Son Ltd, London, UK.
Barnes, H. F. 1956. Gall midges of economic importance. Volume VII: Gall
midges of cereal crops. Crosby Lockwood & Son Ltd, London, UK.
Basedow, T. and Schütte, F.1982. Die Populationsdynamik der Weizengallmüken
Contarinia tritici (Kirby) und Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera-
Cecidomyiidae) in zwei norddeutschen Weizenbaugebieten von 1969
bis 1976. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematic, Ökologie
und Geographie der Tiere, 109: 33–82.
Baswa, M., Rath, C. C., Dash, S. K and Mishra, R. K. 2001. Antibacterial activity
of karanja (Pongamia pinnata) and neem (Azadirachtin indica) seed
oil: a preliminary report. Microbios, 105: 183-189.
Batra, L. R. and Lichtwardt, R. W. 1963. Association of fungi with some insect
galls. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 36: 262–278.
Berry, J. A and Withers, T. M., 2002. New gall-inducing species of Ormocerine
pteromalid (Hymenoptera: Teromalidae: Ormocerinae) described from
New Zealand. Australian Journal of Entomology, 41: 18-22.
Bhattacharyya, D. K. (1999). Biodiesel from minor vegetableoils like karanja oil
and nahor oil. Lipid Fett 101:404–406.
Bindra, O. S. and Bakehetia, D. R. C., 1969. Studies on the population dynamics of
the mango bud mite, Aceria mangiferae Sayed, in relation to the
incidence of malformation. Journal of Research 6: 200-206.
Birch, M. L., Brewer, J. W. and Rohfritsch, O. 1992. Biology of Dasineura affinis
(Cecidomyiidae) and influence of its gall on Viola odorata, pp. 171–
184. In J. D. Shorthouse, and O. Rohfritsch. [eds.] 1992. Biology of
insect-induced galls. Oxford University Press, New York, USA.
127
Bissett, J. and Borkent, A. 1988. Ambrosia galls: the significance of the fungal
nutrition in the evolution of the Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), pp. 203-225.
In K. A. Pirozynski, and D. L. Hawksworth. [eds.] 1988. Coevolution
of fungi with plants and animals. Academic Press, New York, USA.
Boucek, Z. 1980. Australasian Chalcidoidea, a biosystematic revision of genera of
fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International,
Wallingford, UK, 1988. 832p. Brader L. Advances in applied
entomology. Annals of Applied Biology, 94 : 349-365.
Bouček, Z. 1994. Descriptions of ten new species of European Torymus
(Hymenoptera, Torymidae). Folia Heyrovskyana, 2: 69-87.
Bovien, P and Knudsen. P. 1950. Krusesygegalmyggen (Contarinia nasturtii
Kieff.), dens biologi og bekaempelse. Tid. Planteaul. 53: 235-257.
Brewer, J. W and Skuhravy, V., 1989. Survey of major foliar chemicals in insect
induced galls. Cecidologia Internationale, 10: (2&3): 65-72
Briant, A. K., 1961. Tomato-diseases in Trinidad. Tropical Agriculture Trinidad
9:104
Bronner, R. 1977. Contribution à l‟étude histochimique des tissus nourriciers des
zoocécidies. Marcellia, 40: 1–134.
Bronner, R. 1992. The role of nutritive cells in the nutrition of cynipids and
cecidomyiids, pp. 118–140. In J. D. Shorthouse, and O. Rohfritsch.
[eds.] 1992. Biology of insect-induced galls. Oxford University Press,
New York, USA.
Brown, J. M., Abrahamson, W. G., Packer, R. A. and Way, P. A. 1995. The role of
natural-enemy escape in a gallmaker host-plant shift. Oecologia, 104:
52-60.
128
Buhr, H. 1964. Bestimmungstabellen der Gallen (Zoo- und Phytocecidien) an
Pflanzen Mittelund Nordeuropas, Band I. Gustav Fischer, Jena,
Germany.
Buhr, H. 1965. Bestimmungstabellen der Gallen (Zoo-und Phytocecidien) an
Pflanzen Mittelund Nordeuropas, Band II. Gustav Fischer, Jena,
Germany.
Buom,Y., Le, E., Tadashi Miura and Yoshihiro Hirashima. 1985. Survivorship
and other factors relating to population fluctuations of pine needle gall
midge, Thecodiplosis japovensis (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae). Esakja.
(23):119-130.
Burkill, J. H. 1966. A dictionary of economic products of the Malay peninsula. Art
Printing Works, Kuala Lumpur. 2 vols.
Byers,J.A.2007.Gall Making
insects.,www.chemicalecology.net/insects/gallmake.htm.
CAB, International. 2000, Forestry Compendium Global Module, Wallingford,
UK: CAB International.
Callan, E. Mc. C., 1941a. Report on the agriculture school, st. Vincent, 1910-11.
Rep. Bot. Stat. St. Vincent: 20-23.
Cates, R. G. and C. Massalonga. 1893. Nuovi Fitoptidi Italian. Bull. Soc. Ventro-
Trent. Sci. Nat. 5: 151-153.
Channabasavanna, G. P. and Nangia, N. 1984. Biology of gall mite. In Biology of
gall insects edited by T. N. Ananthakrishnan. Oxford +IBH publishers
New Delhi. pp. 323-328.
Chatterjee, P. N and Singh, P. 1968. Celosterna scabrator (lamiidae; Coleoptera) a
new pest of eucalyptus and control. Indian Forester, 11 (94): 826-830.
129
Chen, C. and Appleby, J. E. 1984. Biology of the cypress twig gall midge,
Taxodiomyia cupressiananassa (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), in Central
Illinois. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 77: 203–207.
Chen, M and Shelton, A. M. 2007. Impact of soil type, moisture, and depth on
swede midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) pupation and emergence.
Environ. Entomol. 36: 1349-1355.
Chen, M., Li, W. W and Shelton, A. M. 2009a. Simulated crop rotation systems
control swede midge, Contarinia nasturtii. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 133:
84-91.
Chen, M., Shelton, A. M., Wang, P., Hoepting, C. A., Kain, W. C and Brainard D.
C. 2009b. Occurrence of the new invasive insect, Contarinia nasturtii,
on cruciferous weeds. Journal of Economic Entomology, 102:115-120.
Clausen. C. P. 1940. Entomophagous Insects. New York: Hafner publishing Co.
661 pp.
Condrashoff, S. F. 1962. Description and morphology of immature stages of three
closely related species of contarina Rond. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
from galls on douglas fir needles. Canadian entomologist, 93 (10): 123-
30.
Cook, J. M. Stone, G. N. Rowe, A. 1998. Patterns in the evolution of gall structure
and life cycles in oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). In: The
Biology of Gall-Inducing Arthropods (eds Csoka G, Mattson WJ, Stone
GN, Price PW), pp. 261–279. US Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, North Central Research Station, St. Paul, Minnesota.
Cook, J. M., Rokas, A., Pagel, M., Stone, G.N., 2002. Evolutionary shifts between
host oak species and host plant organs in Andricus gall waps.
Evolution, 56, 1821–1830.
Cook, R. M. and S. F. Hubbard. Adaptive searching strategies in insect parasitoids.
Journal of Animal Ecology, 1977. 45:115–125.
130
Corlay, F and Boivin, G. 2008. Seasonal development of an invasive exotic species,
Contarinia nasturtii (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), in Quebec. Environ.
Entomol. 37: 907-913.
Corlay, F., Boivin, G and Belair, G. 2007. Efficiency of natural enemies against the
swede midge Contarinia nasturtii (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), an
invasive species in North America. Biol. Control, 43: 195-201.
Cornell, H. V. and Hawkins, B. A. 1995. Survival patterns and mortality sources of
herbivorous insects: some demographic trends. American Naturalist,
145: 563-593.
Cotes, E. C. 1890. Indian insects. Ind. Mus. Notes, 1: 103.
Countin, R. 1964. Egg-laying behaviour in a number of gall midges with respect to
the development stage to the host plant organs. Canad. Dip. Environ.
13: 45-55.
Coutin, R. and Faivre-Amiot, A. 1981. Interrelations écologiques et symbiotiques
complexes entre insectes et végétaux, Lasioptera donacis n. sp.
(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) et Arundo donax L. Congrès National des
Sociétés Savantes, Perpignan, France. Sciences, Fascicule II: 195-201.
Craig R. Roubos and Oscar E. Liburd. 2010. Pupation and Emergence of Blueberry
Gall Midge, Dasineuraoxycoccana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Under
Varying Temperature Conditions. Florida Entomologist. 93(2): 283-
290.
Crespi B, Worobey M (1998) Comparative analysis of gall morphology in
Australian gall thrips: the evolution of extended phenotypes. Evolution,
52: 1686–1696
CSIR. 1988. The wealth of India- Raw materials (vol.3). New Delhi: Counsil of
Scientific and Industrial research Publication, pp 206-211.
131
Danapur, H. N., 1977. Field biology and control of sorghum midge, Contarinia
sorghicola (Coquillet) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), MSc. (Agri) thesis,
University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore.
Daniel, J. N. 1997. Pongamia pinnata - a nitrogen fixing tree for oilseed‟, NFT
Highlights, NFTA, Fact Net, Winrock International.
Darwin, C. 1859. The origin of species. Penguin Books, London, UK, 477p.
David, B. and Ramamurthy, V.V. 2011. Elements of economic entomology, Book:
383pp.
David, P. M. Mohamed Hanifa, A. and Natarajan S. 1990. Biology and control of
blossam gall midge, Contarinia sp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on
Jasmium sambac in Tamil Nadu. Entomon, 15 (3&4): 193-196.
Davis, R. G. H.W. Flechtmann. J. H. Boczek and H.E. Barke. 1982. Cataloque of
Eriophyid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) Warsaw. Warsaw Agricultural
University Press: 254 pp.
Deevey, E. S. 1947. Life Table for natural populations of animals. Quarterly
Review Biology, 22: 283-314.
Del Gurcio, G., 1914 – Specie nuove di Afidini per legraminacee in Italia a
confronto con quelle conosciute. - Redia, 9 [1913]: 197-212.
Dernisky, A., Evans, R. C., Liburd, O. E. and Makenzie, K. 2005. Characterization
of early floral damage by cranberry tipworm (Dasineura oxycoccana
Johnson) as a precursor to reduced fruit set in rabbiteye blueberry
(Vaccinium ashei Reade). International Journal of Pest Management
51: 143-148
Dhooria, M. S and Bhullar, M. B., 2003. Pests status of eriophyid mites in Punjab.
Insect Environment, 9: 103-105.
132
Divakara, B. N. and Rameshwar Das. 2011. Variability and divergence in
Pongamia pinnata for further use in tree improvement. Journal of
Forestry Research, 22(2): 193-200
Divakara, B. N., Upadhyaya, H. D. and Krishnamurthy, R. 2008. Identification
and evaluation of diverse genotypes in Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre.
for genetic improvement in seed traits. Journal of Biodiversity and
Ecological Sciences, 1(3): 179-190.
Dixon, A. F. G., P. Kindlman, J. Leps & J. Holman. 1987. Why there are so few
species of aphids, especially in the tropics. Am. Nat. 129: 580-592.
Doane, J. F., DeClerck-Floate, R. and Arthur, A. P. 1989. Description of the life
stages of Macroglenes penetrans (Kirby) (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea,
Pteromalidae), a parasitoid of the wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana
(Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 121:
1041-1048.
Docters van Leeuwen-Reijnvaan, J. and Docters van Leeuwen, W.M. 1926. The
zoocecidia of the Netherlands East Indies. Drukkerij de Unie, Batavia,
Indonesia.
Doering George W. and Randolph, N. M. 1963. Habits and Control of the Sorghum
Midge, Contarinia sorghicola, on Grain Sorghum. Journal of Economic
Entomology, 56(4): 54-459
Dreger-Jauffret. F. and J. D. Shorthouse. 1992. Diversity of gall inducing insects
and their galls. In Biology of insects induced galls edited by J. D.
Shorthouse and O. Rohtritsch. Oxford University Press, New York: 8-
33 pp.
Dubey, A., Shukla, A. and Yadav, H. S. 2006. Efficacy of different insecticides
against chilli gall midge, Asphondylia capsici (Barnes). Research on
Crops, 7 : 860-862.
133
Duges. A. L. 1834. Nouvelles observations surles Acariens Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. 2
(2): 104-106.
Duke, J. A. 1983. Handbook of energy crops, unpublished,
http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Pongamia_pinnata.h
tml.
Edwards, F. W. 1938. On the British Lestremiinae, with notes on exotic species. I.
(Diptera, Cecidomyiidae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological
Society of London, 7: 253–265.
Ehler, L. E. 1985. Species-dependent mortality in a parasite guild and its relevance
to biological control. Environmental Entomology, 14: 1–6.
Ehler, L. E. 1986. Distribution of progeny in two ineffective parasites of a gall
midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Environmental Entomology, 15:
1268–1271.
Ehler, L. E. and Kinsey, M. G. 1990. Influence of gall size on survival and
fecundity of Rhopalomyia californica (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a
biological-control agent for Baccharis halimifolia. Environmental
Entomology, 19: 1558–1565.
Ehler, L. E. and Kinsey, M. G. 1991. Ecological recovery of a gall midge and its
parasite guild following disturbance. Environmental Entomology, 20:
1295-1300.
Elliot, R. H. 1988. Evaluation of insecticides for protection of wheat against
damage by the wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Gehin) (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae). Canadian Entomologist, 120: 615-626.
Espirito-santo, M. M and Fernandes, G. Wilson. 2007. How many species of gall
inducing insects are there on earth, and where are they? Annals of
entomological society of America, 100(2): 95-99.
Fabricius, J. C. 1798. Supplementum Entomologiae. Copenhagen, 572p.
134
Felt, E. 1917. Key to American insect galls. New York State Museum Bulletin No.
200. 310 p.
Felt, E. P. 1918. Key to American insect galls. New York State Museum Bulletin,
200: 5–310.
Fernandes G. W., Lara, A. C. F. and Price, P. W. 1994. The geography of galling
insects and the mechanisms resulting in patterns, pp. 42–48. In P. W.
Price, W. J. Mattson, and Y. N. Baranchikov. [eds.] 1994. The ecology
and evolution of gall-forming insects. General Technical Report NC-
174. United States Department of Agriculture, North Carolina, USA.
Fernandes, G. W. 1990. Hypersensitivity: a neglected plant resistance mechanism
against insect herbivores. Environmental Entomology, 19: 1173–1182.
Fernandes, G. W. 1998. Hypersensitivity as a phenotypic basis of plant induced
resistance against a galling insect (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae).
Environmental Entomology, 27: 260–267.
Fernando, H. E. 1972. Biology and laboratory culture of the rice gall midge and
studies on varietal resistance. In Rice breeding. IRRI, Los Banos,
Philippines, 738pp.
Ferriere, C. 1938. Eupelmides exotiques (Hymenoptera: Chacidoidea). Ann Soc
Entomol de France; 107 : 25-72.
Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations. 2007. Overview of forest
pests of India, Food resource development service, Forest management
division. Park, K. N. and J. S. Hyun, 1977. Studies on the population
dynamics of pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida
et Inouye. Res. Rep. For. Res. Ins., 24 : 91-107.
Force, D. C. 1974. Ecology of insect host parasitoid communities. Science, 184:
624-632
135
Foster, S. P., Harris, M. O. and Millar, J. 1991. Identification of the sex pheromone
of the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say). Naturwissenschften, 78:
130-131.
Fox, C. J., McCloghrie, P., and Nash, R. D. M. 2009. Potential transport of plaice
eggs and larvae between two apparently self-contained sub-populations
in the Irish Sea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 81: 381–389.
Franssen, B. A. and Butler, D. G. 1993. Compensation for reduction in seed set due
to sorghum midge (Contarinia sorghicola) in midge-susceptible and
midge-resistant sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Australian Journal of
Experimental Agriculture, 33: 193-196.
Fritz, R. S., Nichols-Orians, C. M. and Brunsfeld, S. J. 1994. Interspecific
hybridization of plants and resistance to herbivores: hypotheses,
genetics, and variable responses in a diverse herbivore community.
Oecologia, 97: 106–117.
Fuchigami, L. H., Weiser, C. J., Kobayashi, K., Timmis, R. and Gusta, L. V. 1982.
A degree growth stage (oGS) model and cold acclimation in temperate
woody plants. In: Li PH, Sakai A. editors. Plant Cold Hardiness and
Freezing Stress. Mechanisms and Crop Implications, Academic Press,
New York, 2: 93-116 pp.
Fulmek, L. 1968. Parasitinsekten der Insektengallen Europas. Beiträge zur
Entomologie, 18: 719-952.
Gagne RJ, Woods W M. 1988. Native American plant hosts of Asphondylia
websteri (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Ann Entomol Soc Am; 81: 447-
448.
Gagne, R. J. 1989. The Plant-Feeding Gall Midges of North America. Cornell
University Press, Ithaca : 356 p.
136
Gagné, R. J. 1994. The gall midges of the Neotropical Region. Cornell University
Press, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Gagne, R. J. 1995. Contarinia maculipennis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a
polyphagous pest newly reported for North America. Bull Entomol Res,
85 : 209-214.
Gagne, R. J. 2004. A catalog of the Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) of the world. Memoirs
of the Entomological Society of Washington, 25 : 1-408.
Gagné, R. J. and Orphanides, G. M. 1992. The pupa and larva of Asphondylia
gennadii (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and taxonomic implications.
Bulletin of Entomological Research, 82: 313-316.
Gagne, R. J. and Wuensche, A. L. 1986. Identity of the Asphondylia (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) on Guar, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (Fabaceae), in the
southwestern United States. Annals of the Entomological Society of
America, 79: 246–250.
Gallum, R. L. and Hatchett. J. H. 1969. Genetic evidence of elimination of
chromosomes in the Hessian fly. Annals of the Entomological Society
of America, 63: 1095–1101.
Gandhidasan, R., Neelakantan, S and Raman, P.V. 1987. Components of he gall on
the leaves of Pongamia glabra: Structure of pongagallone A and
pongagallone B (j). Phytochemistry, 26: 281-283.
Ganehiarachchi, G. A. and Harris, M. O. 2007. Oviposition behavior of orange
wheat blossom midge on low vs. high-ranked grass seed heads.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 123: 287–297.
Gangawar, V. S. and Prasad, S. N. 1981. Biology of Frauenfeldielia jamboolii
Grover Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Cecidologia Internationale, 5 (1&2) :
51-64
137
George, P. Markin and Carol J. Horning. 2010. Discovery of a Gall-Forming
Midge, Asphondylia pilosa Kieffer (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), on
Scotch Broom (Cytisus scoparius (L.) (Fabaceae). Journal of the
Kansas Entomological Society, 83(3): 260–263.
Gerpen, J. V., Shanks, R., Pruszko, D., Clement and Knothe, O. 2004. Biodiesel
production technology. Report from Iowa State University for the
National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
Gibson, G. A. P. 2009. Description of three new genera and four new species of
Neanastatinae (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae) from Baltic amber, with
discussion of their relationships to extant taxa. ZooKeys, 20: 175-214.
Gibson, G. A. P. 1989. Phylogeny and classification of Eupelmidae, with revision
of the world genera of Calosotinae and Metapelmatinae (Hymenoptera:
Chalcidoidea). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 149:
1-121.
Glynn, C. and Larsson, S. 1994. Gall initiation success and fecundity of Dasineura
marginemtorquens on variable Salix viminalis host plants. Entomologia
Experimentalis et Applicata, 73: 11–17.
Glynn, C., and Larsson, S., 2000. Rapid gall midge adaptation to a resistant willow
genotype. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 2: 115-121.
Goncalves, S. J. M. and Moreira, G. R. P. 2009. A unique seasonal cycle in a leaf
gall inducing insect, the formation of stem galls for dormancy. Journal
of Natural History, 43: 843-854.
Gong, M. Q., Ke, J. S., Yan, C. Q and Wang X. T. 1988. A preliminary study on
the regularity of occurrence of the disease on Mytilaria laosensis
caused by gall mites and its control. Forest Research 1 (3): 325-330.
Goodey, 1929. On some details of comparative anatomy of Aphelenchus tylenchus
and Heterodera. J. Helminthol, 7: 197-210.
138
Graham, M. W. R. 1994. New European species of Torymus dalman (Hym.,
Chalcidoidea). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 130: 1556–1559.
Grewal. J. S. 1992. Seasonal fluctuation in the populations of various mite species
associated with brinjal crop in Punjab. Annals of Entomology, 10 (1)
37-40.
Gries R, Gries G, Khaskin G, King S, Olfert O, Kaminski LA, Lamb R, Bennett R.
Sex pheromone of orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis
mosellana. Naturwissenschaften 2000; 87 : 450-454.
Gries, R. Khaskin, G, Gries, G. Bennett, R, King, G. S., Morewood, P, Slessor, K.
N, Morewood WD. (Z,Z)-4,7-tridecadien-(S)-2-yl acetate. 2002. Sex
pheromone of Douglas-fir cone gall midge, Contarinia oregonensis. J.
Chem. Ecol, 28: 2283-2297.
Grover, P. and Prasad, S. N. 1980. Bionomics of silver shoot gall fly, Orseolia
oryzae (Wood-Manson) a pest of rice in India. Cecidologia
Internationale, 1 (1, 2&3): 23-92.
Grover, P., 1987. Ecology and population dynamics of Erosomyia indica Grover.
Cecidologia Internationale, 8(3): 23-92.
Hakkinen, R. Linkosalo, T. and Hari P. 1998. Effects of dormancy and
environmental factors on timing of bud burst in Betula pendula. Tree
Physiology, 18: 707-712.
Hallberg, E., and Ahman, I. 1987. Sensillar types of the ovipositor of Dasineura
brassicae: structure and relation to oviposition behaviour. Physiological
Entomology, 12: 51–58.
Hallett, R. H and Heal, J. D. 2001. First Nearctic record of the swede midge,
Contarinia nasturtii (Kieffer) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a pest of
cruciferous crops in Europe. Can. Entomol, 133: 713-715.
139
Hallett, R. H., Goodfellow, S. A and Heal J. D. 2007. Monitoring and detection of
the swede midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Can. Entomol. 139: 700-
712.
Hallett, R. H., Goodfellow, S. A., Weiss, R. M and Olfert, O. 2009b. Midge
Emerge, a new predictive tool, indicates the presence of multiple
emergence phenotypes of the overwintered generation of swede midge.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 130: 81-97.
Hallett, R. H., M. Chen, M. K. Sears and A. M. Shelton. 2009a. Insecticide
management strategies for control of Swede midge (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) on cole crops. J. Econ. Entomol. 102: 2241-2254.
Hanapur, R. H. 2002. Management of shoot borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee
on potato. M. Sc. (Agri.) Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences,
Dharwad.p. 75
Harcourt, D. G. 1969. The development and use of life tables in the study of natural
insect populations. Ann. Rev. Entomon, 14: 175-196.
Harding, J. A. 1965. Entomological studies. Ecological and biological factors
concerning the sorghum midge during 1964. Evaluation of insecticides
for sorgum midge control. Sorhum News letter, 8: 63-64
Harris, K. M and Schreineer, I. H. 1992. A new species of gall midge (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) attacking mango foloiage in Gaum, with observation
on its pest status and biology. Bull. Entomol. Res. 82: 41-48.
Harris, K. M. 1979. Gall midge genera of economic importance (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) Part 1: Introduction and subfamily Cecidomyiinae;
supertribe Cecidomyiidi. Transactions of the Royal Entomological
Society of London, 118: 313–358.
Harris, K. M. 1975. The taxonomic status of the carob gall midge, Asphondylia
gennadii (Marchal), comb. n. (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) and of other
140
Asphondylia species recorded from Cyprus. Bull Entomol Res, 65: 377-
380.
Harris, K.M., 1961. The sorghum midge. PANS., 16: 35-42
Harris, M. O and Rose, S. 1989. Temporal changes in the egglaying behaviour of
the Hessian fly. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 53: 17–29.
Harris, M. O. and Foster, S. P. 1999. Gall midges, pp. 27–49. In J. Hardie, and A.
Minks. [eds.] 1999. Pheromones of non-lepidopteran insects in
agriculture. CAB International, Oxford, UK.
Harris, M. O., Sandanayaka, M. and Griffin, W. 2001. Oviposition preferences of
the Hessian fly and their consequences for the survival and
reproductive potential of offspring. Ecological Entomology, 26: 473–
486.
Harris, M. O., Stuart, J. J., Mohan, M., Nair, S., Lamb, R. J. and Rohfritsch, O.
2003. Grasses and gall midges: plant defense and insect adaptation.
Annual Review of Entomology, 48: 549–577.
Hartley, S. E. and Lawton, J. H. 1992. Host-plant manipulation by gall-insects: a
test of the nutrition hypothesis. Journal of Animal Ecology, 61: 113-
119.
Hatchett, J. H., Kreitner, G. L. and Elzinga, R. J. 1990. Larval mouthparts and
feeding mechanism of the Hessian fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae).
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 83: 1400–1407.
Havill, N. P. and Raffa, K. F. 2000. Compound effect of induced plant responses on
plant herbivores and parasitoids: implications for tritrophic interactions.
Ecological Entomology, 25: 171-179.
Hawkins, B. A. 1988. Do galls protect endophytic herbivores from parasitoids? A
comparison of galling and non-galling Diptera. Ecological Entomology
13: 473-477.
141
Hawkins, B. A. and Gagné, R. J. 1989. Determinants of assemblage size for the
parasitoids of Cecidomyiidae (Diptera). Oecologia. 81(1): 75-88.
Hawkins, B. A. and Goeden. R. D. 1984. Organization of a parasitoid community
associated with a complex of galls on Atriplex spp. in southern
California. Ecological Entomology, 9: 272–292.
Hermann, R. P., Holly, G. B. and Alexander, A. B. 1993. Interaction between the
black yeast Aureobasidium pullulans and the gall midge Lasioptera
ephedricola in gall formation on the desert shrub Ephedra trifurca.
Ecography, 16: 261–268.
Hidaka, T and Vungsilabutr, P. 1971. Study on larval development of rice gall
midge on susceptible and resisitant rice varieties. Annual Report, 1971.
Rice Dept. Min. of Agri., Bangkok, Thailand: 728pp.
Hidaka, T. 1974. Recent studies on the rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood-
Manson), (Cecidomyiidae:Diptera). Rev. Plant prot. Res 7:99-143
Hidaka, T., Vungsilabutr, P and Kadkoa, S. 1974. Studies on ecology and control
of rice gall midge Thailand, 728pp.
Hill, J., Nelson, E and Tilman, D. 2006. Environmental economics and energetic
costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci,
103: 11206-11210.
Hillbur, Y., Anderson, P., Arn, H., Bengstsson, M., Lofqvist, J., Biddle, A. J.,
Smitt, O., Hogberg, H. E., Plass, E., Franke, S. and Francke, W. 1999.
Identification of sex pheromone components of the pea midge,
Contarinia pisi (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Naturwissenschaften, 86:
292–294.
Houard, C. 1908/1913. Les zoocécidies des plantes d‟Europe et du Bassin de la
Méditerranée, A. Hermann & Cie, Paris, France. Bd.1 (1908): 1–570,
pl.; Bd.2 (1909): 571–1248, pl.; Bd.3 (1913): 1249–1560.
142
Houard, C. 1933. Les zoocécidies des plantes de l'Amérique de sud et l'Amérique
Centrale. Hermann & Cie. Paris, France.
Huang, C. K. 1964. Study of Pachy diplosis oryzae (Wood- Manson) in Fu-Chien
Province (In Chinese). East china Sci. Agr. J. 6: 293-304.
Imai, K and Ohsaki, N. 2004a. Oviposition site of and gall formation by the fruit
gall midge Asphondylia aucubae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in relation
to internal fruit structure. Entomological Science, 7(2): 133-137.
Imai, K and Ohsaki, N. 2006. Density – Dependent egg mortality in early stages of
gall induction by the fruit gall midge Asphondylia aucubae Yukawa
and Ohsaki. Ecological research, 22(1):143-149.
Imai, K. and Ohsaki, N. 1988a. Separation of the aucuba fruit midge, Asphondylia
aucubae sp. Nov. from the ampelopsis fruit midge, Asphondylia baca
Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Kontyu 56: 365-376.
Imai, K. and Ohsaki, N. 2004b. Internal structure of developing aucuba fruit as a
defence increasing oviposition costs of its gall midges Asphondylia
aucubae. Ecological entomology, 29: 420- 428.
Imai, K. and Ohsaki, N. 2006. Loss of integument in maturing fruits prevents gall
induction by the midge, Asphondylia aucubae (Cecidomyiidae:
Diptera). Environ Entomol. 35(4): 1109-1114.
Imai, K. and Ohsaki, N., 1988b. Adult behaviour of the aucuba fruit midge,
Asphondylia aucuae Yukawa et al ohsaki (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae).
Kontyu 56: 645-652.
Isaakides, C. A. 1936. L’ eumarchalia (Schizomia) gennadi (P.Marchal) en Crete.
Ann. Inst. Phytoath. Benaki, 2:17-25.
Ishidoro, N. and Solinas, M. 1993. Female sex pheromone glands in gall midges
(Contarinia sorghicola and Dasineura brassicae): anatomo-
physiological and behavioural evidence. Bulletin OILB/SROP, 16:
207–211.
143
James, A. and Dukes. 1983. Handbook of energy crops. Unpublished(online).
Jayaraman, P. 1983. Ontogenic studies on the bivalved gall of Acacia catechu.
Cecidologia internationale, 4 (1, 2 & 3): 25-36.
Jensen, D. D. 1946. The identity and host plants of blossom midge in Hawaii
(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Contarinia). Proceedings of the Hawaiian
Entomological Society, 12: 525–534.
Jensen, D. D. 1950. Notes on the life history and ecology of blossom midge,
Contarinia lycopersici Felt (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Proceedings of
the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 14: 91–100.
Joshi, S., Phadke, K. G and Ghai, S. 1992. Incidence of gall forming mites Aceria
pongamiae (Eriophyidae: Acarina) Channabasavanna on Pongamiae
glabra in Delhi region. Ann. Ent.10: 1-6.
Kalode, M. B., Pophaly., Kasi Viswanathan, P. R and Sreeramulu, M. (1977b).
Studies on resistance and mas rearing of rice gall midge Orseolia
(Pachydiplosis) oryzae (Wood- manson). Madras Agric. J. 64: 733-739.
Karmee, S. J., Chadha, A. 2005. Preparation of biodiesel from crude oil of
Pongamia pnnata. Bioresourc Technology, 96: 1425-1429.
Kehr, V. and Kost, G. 1999. Mikrohabitat Pflanzengallen. Das Zusammenleben
von Gallmücken und Pilzen. Biologie in unserer Zeit, 29: 18–25.
Keiffer. J. J. 1913. Family Cecidomyiidae Genera Insectorum Fasc. 152:1-346.
Keller, S. and Schweizer, C. 1994. Populations dynamis che Untersuchungen an
der Erbsengallmücke Contarinia pisi Winn. (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae) und
ihrer Parasitoide. Journal of Applied Entomology, 118: 281–299.
Khare, C. P., 2006. Encyclopedia of Indian medicinal plants. New York: Springer :
378 9.
Kidd N. A. C. and Jervis M. A. 1996. Population dynamics. In: Jervis M, Kidd N.
editors. Insect Natural enemies. Chapman & Hall India, R.Seshadri, 32
Second main road, CIT East, Madras, India.. pp. 293-374.
144
Kirtikar K. R. and Basu B.D., Indian Medicinal Plants, International Book
Distributors.
Klomp, H. 1966.The dynamics of a field population of the pine looper, Bupalus
piniarius L. Advan. Ecol. Res., 3: 207-305.
Kolesik P.1993. Basic bionomics of the lentil gall midge (Contarinia lentis Aczel)
(Dipt., Cecidomyiidae). J Appl Entomol, 116 : 371-380.
Kolesik, P.,Whittemore and H. M. Stace. 1997. Asphondylia anthocercidis, a new
species of Cecidomiidae (Diptera) inducing fruit galls on Anthocercis
littorea (Solanaceae) in Western Australia. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust.
121:157-161.
Kondo, T. and Gullan, P. J. 2007. Taxonomic review of the lac insect genus
Paratachardina Balachowsky (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Kerriidae), with a
revised key to genera of Kerriidae and description of two new species.
Zootaxa. 1617: 1-41.
Koricheva, J., Lappalainen, J., Vuarisalo, T and Haukioja, E. 1996. Density
patterns of gall mites (Acarina: Eriophyidae) in a polluted area.
Environmental Pollution, 93(3): 345 - 352.
Koysomboon, S., Altena I.V., Kato S. and Chantrapromma. 2006. Antimicro-
bacterial flavonoids from Derris indica. Phytochemistry, 67, 1034–40.
Krishnaiah, K., Tandon, P. L and Prasad, V. G. 1975. Occurance of gall midge,
Asphondylia sp. (Cecidomyiidae: Diptera) as a pest of brinjal (Solamun
melogenna Linn.) in India. Current Science, 44(1): 25-26.
Krishnakumar, N.K., Krishnamoorthy, P.N., Srinivasan, K., Raman, N and Anitha
Perlin esther, A. 1998. Seasonality and management off gall midge,
asphondylia sp. on brinjal and sweet pepperInadvances in IPM for
horticultural crops, Proc.I national symposim. Pestmangement. Hort.
Crops Environmental Implications Thrusts, Bangalore, India.
145
Lamb, R. J., Smith, M. A. H., Wise, I. L and Clarke, P. 2001. Oviposition
deterrence to Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae): a source
of resistance for durum wheat (Gramineae). The Canadian
Entomologist, 133:579–591.
Lamp, M. 2011. The importance of refuges in the interaction between Contarinia
sorghicola and its parasitic wasp Aprostocetus diplosidis. Journal of
Animal Ecology, 63: 176–186.
Landois. H. 1864. Eine Milbe (Phytoptus vitis milni Land) also ursachedes
Trauben-Misswacheses.
Langor, D. W and Raske, A.G. 1987b. Reproducton and development of the eastern
larch beetle, Dentroctonus simplex Leconte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in
New found land. Can. Entomol. 119:985-992.
Larsson, S. and Strong, D. R. 1992. Oviposition choice and larval survival of
Dasineura marginemtorquens (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on resistant
and susceptible Salix viminalis. Ecological Entomology, 17: 227–232.
Larsson, S., Glynn, C. and Hoglund, S. 1995. High oviposition rate of Dasineura
marginemtorquens on Salix viminalis genotypes unsuitable for
offspring survival. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 77: 263–
270.
Latha, S., Mariamma, J and Daniel, M. 2001. Studies of effect of leaf leachets of
Pongamia pinnata of certain crops and weeds and the soilmicroflora.
National Academy.Science Letter, 24: 63-68.
Lee, D. K., Kim, K. S., Kwon, K. W., Kim, K. H., and Hoh, D. S. 1993. Comparing
resistance to the pine gall midge among seedlings produced from
controlled pollination and grafting, pp. 153–156. In Price, P. W.,
Mattson, W. J. and Baranchikov. Y. M. [eds.] 1993. The ecology and
evolution of gall-forming insects. General Technical Report NC-174.
146
USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, North
Carolina, USA.
machaeralis. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore,p. 227.
Maeda, N., Sato, S. and Yukawa, J. 1982. Polymodal emergence pattern of the
machilus leaf gall midge, Daphnephila machilicola Yukawa (Diptera,
Cecidomyiidae). Kontyû, 50: 44–50.
Maetô, K. 1991. Braconid parasitoids (Hymenoptera) of the gall-making
Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) in Japan. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 59:
295–313.
Maia, Valeria Cid and Azevedo 2009. Maria Antonieta Pereira de. Micro-
Hymenoptera associated with Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) galls at
Restingas of the Rio de Janeiro State. Biota Neotrop. [online]., vol.9,
n.2, pp. 151-164.
Makoto Tokuda., Man-Miao Yang and Junichi Yukawa. 2008. Taxonomy and
molecular phylogeny of daphnellia gall midges (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) inducing complex leaf galls on Lauraceae, with
description of five new species associated with Machilus thunbergii in
Taiwan. Zoological Science 25: 533-545.
Mallapur, C. P. 1993. Studies on ecobiology and management of armyworm,
Mythimnaseparata Walker (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) on sorghum. Ph. D.
Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad : 284pp
Mamev. B. V. 1975. Evolution of gall forming insects. Gall midges. Akademia
Nauk Leningrad British Library Boston, SPA U. K.
Mani, & kurian, 1953: Prodecatoma pongamiae (parasitoid)
Eurytomidae:Eurytominae unknown Pongamia glabra (flowergalls)
india [KAR]
Mani, M. S. 1973. Plant galls of India. The Macmillan Company of India Ltd., pp.
354.
147
Mani, M. S. 2000. Plant Galls of India (second edition). Science Publishers Inc.,
Enfield. 477 pp.
Mani, M. S. and Kaul, B. K. 1972. Some Torymidae (Hymenoptera: Chacidoidea)
from India. Oriental Insects, 6(3): 313-331.
Mani, M. S., 1969. Two new Eurytomidae (Hym., Chalcidoidea) from India.
Oriental Insects, 3: 313–315.
Mani. M. S. 1959. Cecidotheca Indica. Agra University Journal Research
(Science). 8: 91-280.
Mani. M.S. 1964. Ecology of plant galls. Dr. W. Junk Publisher, The Hague,
Netherlands, 434 p.
Manzoli-Palma, M. F. and da Teles, M. C. 1990. Ocorrência de inimigos naturais
de Contarinia sorghicola (Coq., 1898) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) na
regiao de Ribeirao Preto. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 34: 589–
594.
Marjan Kluepfel, J., McLeod Scott., James H. Blake and Clyde S. Gorsuch. 2006.
Extension Entomologist, Clemson University. Revised by Joey
Williamson, HGIC Horticulture Information Specialist, Clemson
University.
Mathur, R. N. 1955. A new species of Megastigmus dalman (Hymenoptera:
Chacidoidea) from seeds of Cupressus torulosa Don. Proceedings of
the Royal Entomological Society of London (B), 24(5-6): 91-93.
Mathur, R. N. and Singh, B. 1959. A list of insect pests of forest in India and the
adjacent countries. India For. Bull. No. 171: 1-30.
Mayr, G. L. 1878. Arten der Chalcidier-Gattung Eurytoma durch Zucht erhalten.
Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen
Gesellschaft in Wien, 28: 308.
148
McKay, P. A. and Hatchett, J. H. 1984. Mating behavior and evidence of a female
sex pheromone in the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say) (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 77:
616–620.
Mendel, Z. 1985. Seasonal development of the eucalyptus borer Phoracantha
semipunctata (Coleoptera: Cerambicidae) in Israel. Phytoparasitica 14:
85-93.
Mendel, Z., Protasov, A., Fisher, N and Salle, J. L. 2004. Taxonomy and biology of
Leptocybe invasa gen. & sp. n. (Hymernoptera: Eulophidae), an
invasive gall inducer on Eucalyptus. Australian Journal of
Entomology, 43: 101-113.
Metcalfe, M. E. 1933. Dasyneura leguminicola (Lint.). The clover–seed midge.
Annals of Applied Biology, 20: 185–204.
Meyer J. Plant Galls and Gall Inducers. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin. 1987. 291 p.
Meyer, M. J. 1952. Cecidogenesse de la galle de Lasioptera Rubi Heeger et role
nourricier d mycellium symbiotique. C.R Acad.Sci.Paris 234:2556-
2558.
Mika, A. M., Weiss, R. M., Oflert, O., Hallett, R. H and Newman, J. A. 2008. Will
climate change be beneficial or detrimental to the invasive swede
midge in North America? Contrasting predictions using climate
projections from different general circulation models. Global Change
Biol.14: 1721-1733.
Milenkovic, S, Sretenovic D and Antonijevic M. 2004. Raspberry gall
Resseliella theobaldi (Barnes) (Diptera: Cecidomyidae) - harmfulness
and control. Jugoslovensko Vocarstvo 38 : 191-198.
Miller, G.E., Borden, J.H. 1984. Reproductive behaviour of the douglas-fir cone
gall midge, Contarinia oregonensis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Can
Entomol, 116 : 607-618.
149
Mishima M, Yukawa J. Dimorphism of leaf galls induced by Pseudasphondylia
neolitseae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Neolitsea sericea (Lauraceae)
and their distributional patterns in Kyushu, Japan. Bull Kyushu Univ
Mus 2007, 5 : 57–64.
Mohn E. Gallmücken (Diptera, Itonididae) aus El Salvador. 4. Zur Phylogenie der
Asphondyliidi der neotropischen und holarktischen Region. Senck Biol,
42 : 131-330.
Morris and Miller, C. A. 1954. The development of life table for the spruce bud
worm. Can. Jour. Zool, 32: 283-301.
Mukerji, S. 1950. On a new species of phytophagous Chalcidoidea Megastigmus
albizziae sp. n. feeding on Albizziae oratissima pods in environs of
Delhi. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B),
19(9-10): 129-132.
Mulla, M. S, Norland, R. L. Fanara D M, Darwazeh H A and Mokean D W 1971.
Control of chironomid midges in recreational lakes. Journal of
Economic Entomology, 264 : 300-307.
Mulla, M. S., Norland, R. L. Fanara D M, Darwazeh H A and Mokean D W 1971.
Control of chironomid midges in recreational lakes. Journal of
Economic Entomology, 264 : 300-307.
Muralidharan, K, and Pasalu, I. 2005. Crop Losses in Rice Ecosystems Due to Gall
Midge (Orseolia oryzae Wood-Mason) Damage Indian Journal of Plant
ProtectionYear : Volume : 33, Issue : 1
Nadkarni. K. M. 1954. : Indian Materia Medica. Popular Book Depot, Bombay,
India, 1: 1001
Nagaraju, D. K., Virakthamath, C. K and Krishnakumar, N. K. 2000. Screening of
bell pepper accessions against gall insects and their chemical control.
Pest management in horticultural Ecosystems 8(1): 12-19.
150
Naidu. V. G. and G .P. Chanabasavanna. 1989. Bioecology of Eriophyes
cymbopogonis (Acari: Eriophyidae) a pest of Citronella. In Progress in
Acaralogy edited by Chanabasavanna. G. P. and Viraktamath C. A. 29-
133 pp.
Naik, M., Meher, L. C., Naik, S. N and Dasa, L. M. 2008. Production of biodiesel
from high free fatty acid Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) oil. Biomass and
Bioenergy. 32: 354-357.
Naik, M., Meher, L. C., Naik, S. N and Dasa, L. M. 2008. Production of biodiesel
from high free fatty acid Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) oil. Biomass and
Bioenergy. 32: 354-357.
Napela, A. 1911. Eriophyiden, gall milbern. Zoologica 24: 167-294.
Narendran, T. C. 1999. Indo-Australian Ormyridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)
Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, India, privately
published, T.C. Narendran, 10 : 79-80.
Narendran, T. C. and Sureshan, P. M. 1988. A contribution to knowledge of
Torymidae of India (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Boll Lab Ent Agr
Filippo Silvestri, 45: 37-47.
Narendran, T. C., Chalcids and Sawflies associated with Plant Galls. In Biology of
gall insects edited by T.N. Ananthakrishnan, 1984. Oxford +IBH
publishers New Delhi. pp. 273-304.
Narendran, T. C., Santhosh, S., Peter, A., Sheeba, M. and Jilcy, M. C. 2006. A
revision of Neanastatus Girault (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) of India
with a key to Oriental species. Hexapoda, 13(1&2) : 12.
Neger, F. W. 1908. Ambrosiapiltze. Berichte der Deutsche Botanische
Gesellschaft, 26: 735–754.
Neger, F. W. 1910. Ambrosiapiltze – III Weitere Beobachtungen an
Ambrosiagallen. Berichte der Deutsche Botanische Gesellschaft, 28:
455–480.
151
Noyes, J. S. 2003. Universal Chalcidoidea database.
http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/projects/chalcidoids Noyes, J.
S. Universal Chalcidoidea database. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-
curation/projects/chalcidoids.
Noyes, J. S. and Hayat, M. A. 1984. Review of the genera of Indo-pacific
Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Bull Br Mus Nat Hist (Ent)
Entomology series, 48: 3.
Nyman T, Widmer A, Roininen H (2000) Evolution of gall morphology and host-
plant relationships in willow-feeding sawflies (Hymenoptera:
Tethredinidae). Evolution, 54: 526–533
Ohno, K. and Yukawa, J. 1984. Description of a new gall midge (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) causing leaf galls on Camellia japonica L., with notes
on its bionomics. Kontyû, 53: 427-434.
Ohsaki, N. and Yukawa, J. 1990. Gradual increase in the number of Asphondylia
aucubae (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) due to inversely density-dependent
mortality processes. Ecological Research, 5: 173–183.
Okuda, S. and Yukawa, J. 2000. Life history strategy of Tokiwadiplosis matecola
(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) relying upon the lammas shoots of
Lithocarpus edulis (Fagaceae). Entomological Science, 3: 47–56.
Ollerstam, O., Rohfritsch, O., Höglund, S. and Larsson, S. 2002. A rapid
hypersensitive response associated with resistance in the willow Salix
viminalis against the gall midge Dasineura marginemtorquens.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 102: 153–162.
Orphanides, G. M. 1975. Biology of the carob midge complex, Asphondylia spp.
(Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), in Cyprus. Bulletin of Entomological
Research, 65: 381–390.
152
Orphanides, G. M. 1976. Damage assessment and natural control of the carob
midge, Asphondylia sp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Cyprus. Boll. Lab.
Ent. Agraria Filippo Silvesteri’, Portrici, 33: 80-98.
Orwa, C., Mutua, A., Kindt, R., Jamnadass, R, Simons, A (2009). Agroforestree
Database: a tree reference and selection guide. Version 4.0.
http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb2/AFTPDFS/Pongamia_pinnat
a.pdf)(accessed 8 and 26 March 2010).
Osgood, E. A. and Gagné, R. J., 1978. Biology and taxonomy of two gall midges
(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) found in galls on balsam fir needles with
description of a new species of Paradiplosis. Annals of the
Entomological Society of America, 71: 85–91.
Parmar, B. S., Shrawat, K. L and Mukerje, S. K. 1976. Pongamia glabra:
constituents and uses. J. Sci. Ind. Res, 35: 608-6011.
Parnell, J. R. Investigation on the biology and larval morphology of the insects
associated with the galls of Asphondylia sarothamni H. Loew (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) on broom (Sarothamni scoparius (L.) Wimmer.). Trans
R Entomol Soc Lond, 1964, 116 : 255-273.
Parodi, R. A. 1966, The sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola (Coq) and its
control. Inf. Tec. Estac. Exp. Manfredi, 7: 20
Passlow, T. 1965. Bionomics of the Sorghum midge (Contarinia sorghicola) (Cog)
queensland with particular reference to diapause. Qg. J. Agric. Anim.
sci. 22: 149-167.
Patel, A. T., Sushil Kumar and Chavan, S. M. 2011. Screening of mango cultivars
against leaf gall midge. Crop Improvement. 38(1): 99-101.
Pathak, S. K., Guptha, K and Debroy, R. 1980. Studies on seed polymorphism,
germination and seedling growth of Pongamia pinnata. Indian J. For, 2:
64-67.
153
Patil, B. V., 1981. Bionomics, life table and biocontrol of the teak skeletonizer,
Pyrausta
Pendleton, B. B. and Teetes, G. L. 1994. Sorghum midge dispersal from Sorghum.
Southwestern Entomologists, 19: 1–9.
Peri, E., Bue, P., lo Federico, R., Ammavuta, G., Spatafora, F. and Colazza, S.
2006. Asphondylia gennadii (Marchal) a pest of capper in Sicilian
islands (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). [Italian] Asphondylia gennadii
(Marchal) fitofago dannoso al cappero nelle isole minori della Sicilia
(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Informatore Fitopatologico, 56(11) : 26-30.
Petanovic. R. and K. Dobrivojevic. 1987. The complex of gall forming eriophyids
(Acarina: Eriophyoidea) of plum leaves. Zastits Bilia, 38 (2): 145-156.
Pivnick, K. A. 1993. Response of males to female sex pheromone in the orange
wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae). Journal of Chemical Ecology, 19: 1677–1689.
Plakidas, J. D. and Weis, A. E. 1994. Depth associations and utilization patterns in
the parasitoid guild of Asphondylia rudbeckiaeconspicua (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae). Environmental Entomology, 23: 115–121.
Planzengallen. Deutschlands und ihre Bewohner II. Band. H. Hedicke:
Diececidomyiiden
Potineni, K. Agarwal, R. K. Parasitization of gall midge by Neanastatus grallarius
(Masi). International Rice Research Newsletter.,1984, 9: 1, 27.
Prévost, Y. H. 1990. Spruce cone axis midge, Dasineura rachiphaga Tripp
(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), in cones of black spruce, Picea mariana
(Mill.) B.S.P. The Canadian Entomologist, 122: 441–447.
Price, P. W. 1984. Insect ecology. Academic Press, New York, USA, 607p.
Price, P. W. and Clancy, K. M. 1986. Interaction among three tropic levels: gall
size and parasitoid attack. Ecology 67: 1593-1600.
154
Price, P. W. and Pschorn-Walcher, H. 1988. Are galling insects better protected
against parasitoids than exposed feeder-a test using tentridinid sawflies.
Ecological Entomology 13: 195-205.
Price, P. W., Fernandes, G. W. and Waring, G. L. 1987. Adaptive nature of insect
galls. Environmental Entomology, 16: 15–24.
Price, P. W., Fernandes, G. W., Christina, A., Lara, F., Brawn, J., Barrios, H.,
Wright, M. G., Ribeiro, S. P. and Rothcliff, N. 1998. Global patterns in
local number of insect galling species. Journal of Biogeography, 25:
581–591.
Qing-Jun Wu, Jian-Zhou Zhao, Alan G. Taylor and Anthony M. Shelton. 2006.
Evaluation of Insecticides and Application Methods Against Contarinia
nasturtii (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a New Invasive Insect Pest in the
United States. Journal of Economic Entomology. 99(1):117-122.
Ramachandra Rao,1925. A contribtion to knowledge of south Indian grass gall
midge. Experiment station record, UNT Digital Library, 52: 155-158
Raman, A and Ananthakrishanan, T. N. 1984. Biology of Gall thrips
(Thysanoptera: Insecta). In Biology of gall insects edited by T.N.
Ananthakrishnan. Oxford +IBH publishers New Delhi. pp. 107-128.
Raman, A. 2003. Cecidogenetic behavior of some gall-inducing thrips, psyllids,
coccids, and gall midges, and morphogenesis of their galls. Oriental
Insects, 37: 359–413.
Raman, A. 2007. Insect induced galls of India: Unresolved questions. Current
science. 92(6): 25.
Raman, A. and Abrahamson, W. G. 1995. Morphometric relationships and energy
allocation in the apical rosette galls of Solidago altissima (Asteraceae)
induced by Rhopalomyia solidaginis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae).
Environmental Entomology, 24: 635–639.
155
Rangarajan, A. V. and Mahadevan, N. R. 1974. Incidence of gall midge
Asphondylia capsici Barnes on chilli (Capscicum annuum L.) in Tamil
Nadu. Indian J.Ent, 36 (1) 66-67.
Rawat. V. K. and R. S. Bisht. 1991. Some plant galls caused by Eriophyes
(Acarina: Eriophyidae) from Garhwal Himalaya, India. Environmental
Ecology, 9 (1): 237-239.
Reaumur. R. A. 1737. Memories pour servir at histoire des insects. Paris
Imperimerie Royale, 3: 638 pp.
Reddy, K. 1967. Life table studies of diamondback moth on cabbage at Hyderabad.
Indian Journal of Entomology, 60 (4) : 321-325.
Reddy, N. C. and Singh, T. V. K. 1998. Life table studies of diamondback moth on
cabbage at Hyderabad. Indian Journal of Entomology, 60 (4) : 321-325.
Redfern, M. 1975. The life history and morphology of the early stages of the yew
gall midge Taxomyia taxi (Inchbald) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Journal
of Natural History, 9: 513–533.
Redfern, M. 1992. What are galls. Cecidology 7: 81-83.
Redfern, M. and Cameron, R. A. D. 1978. Population dynamics of the yew gall
midge Taxomyia taxi (Inchbald) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Ecological
Entomology, 3: 251–263.
Redfern, M. and Cameron, R. A. D. 1993. Population dynamics of the yew gall
midge Taxomyia taxi and its chalcid parasitoids: a 24-year study.
Ecological Entomology, 18: 365–378.
Redfern, M., Shirley, P. and Bloxham, M. 2002. British plant galls: identification
of galls on plants and fungi. Field Studies, 10: 207–531.
Remadevi, O. K., Nagaveni, H.C. and Muthukrishnan, R. 2005. Pests and diseases of
sandalwood plants in nurseries and their management. Working Papers of
the Finnish Forest Research Institute. 11: 69-74
156
Richter-Vollert, I. 1964. Untersuchungen zur Morphologie und Okologie von
Asphondylia sarothamni H. Lw. Zoologica, 40: 1–54.
Rizzo, M. C. and Massa B. 1998. On two Italian gall midges (Diptera
Cecidomyiidae) and their parasitoids. Entomologica, 32: 121-131.
Roberts, A. V., T. Debener, and S. Gudin, 2003. Encyclopedia of Rose
Science.Volumes 1–3. Amsterdam Elsevier. 1450 pp.
Rohfritsch, O. 1987. Different food supply strategies in midge induced plant galls,
pp. 195–200. In V. Labeyrie, G. Fabre, and D. Lachaise. [eds.] 1987.
Insects – Plants. Dr. Walter Junk, The Hague, The Netherlands.
Rohfritsch, O. 1990. Two gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Tilia: two
different patterns of interaction with the host tree. Phytophaga, 3: 13–
21.
Rohfritsch, O. 1992a. A fungus associated gall midge, Lasioptera arundinis
(Schiner), on Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Bulletin de la Société
botanique de France, 139: 45–59.
Rohfritsch, O. 1992b. Patterns in gall development, pp. 60–86. In J.D. Shorthouse,
and O. Rohfritsch. [eds.] 1992. Biology of insect-induced galls. Oxford
University Press, New York, USA.
Rohfritsch, O. 1997. Morphological and behavioral adaptations of the gall midge
Lasioptera arundinis (Schiner) (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) to collect and
transport conidia of its fungal symbiont. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie,
140: 59–66.
Rohfritsch, O. 1999. A so-called „rudimentary gall‟ induced by the gall midge
Physemocecis hartigi on leaves of Tilia intermedia. Canadian Journal
of Botany, 77: 460–470.
157
Rohfritsch, O. and Shorthouse,. J. D. 1982. Insect galls, pp. 131–151. In G. Kahl,
and J.S. Schell. [eds.] 1982. Molecular biology of plant tumors.
Academic Press, New York, USA.
Roskam J. C. 1992. Evolution of the gall-inducing guild. pp. 34–49. In J.D.
Shorthouse, and O. Rohfritsch. [eds.] 1992. Biology of insect-induced
galls. Oxford University Press, New York, USA.
Roskam, J. C. 1986. Biosystematics of insects living in female birch catkins. IV.
egg-larval parasitoids of the genera Platygaster Latreille and Metaclisis
Förster (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie,
129: 125–140.
Ross, H. 1911. Die Pflanzengallen (Cecidien) Mittel- und Nordeuropas. Gustav
Fischer, Jena, Germany.
Rossi, A. M. and Stiling, P. D. 1995. Intraspecific variation in growth rate, size,
and parasitism of galls induced by Asphondylia borrichiae (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) on three host species. Annals of the Entomological
Society of America, 88: 39–44.
Rubsaamen, E.H., and Hedicke. H (1926-1939). Die zoocecidien, durch tiere
erzeugle planzengallen. Deutchlands und ihre Bewohner II band.H.
hecdicke: Diececidomyiiden and ihre cecidein. Under Benutzung von
Prof. Ew, H. Rubsaamen and bearbeittet. Zoologica. 29: 350pp.
Samraj and David, 1988. Life table studies on spotted bollworm, Earis vitella
Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae in cotton Ecosystem. Journal of
Bombay Natural History, 85(3): 637-640.
Sarnaik, J, Godbole, A and Punde, S 2010, Integrating high conservation value
native species into biofuel production for conservation and sustainable
use of biodiversity, Applied Environmental Research Foundation
(AERF), India.
158
Saroja, R. 1986. Effect of neem product foliar sprays on rice pests. International
Rice Research Newsletter, 11 : 33-34.
Sarzynski, E.M. and O.E. Liburd. 2003. Techniques for monitoring cranberry
tipworm (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae in rabbiteye and southern highbush
blueberries. Journal of Economic Entomology, 96: 1821-1827.
Sato, S. and J. Yukawa (2004) Redescription of Hartigiola faggalli (Monzen) comb.
n. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) inducing leaf galls on Fagus crenata
(Fagaceae) in Japan. Esakia (44): 13-26.
Satyavati G.V., Gupta A.K. and Neeraj T. 1987. Medicinal Plants of India, vol II,
ICMR, New Delhi, : 490
Saxcna, S. K. and J. Venkateshwarlu. 1991. Mesquitc: an ideal tree for desert
reclamation and fuelwood production. Indian farming, 41: 15-21.
Schauff, M. E and Garrison, R. A. 2000. Introduced species of Epichrysocharis
(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) producing galls on Eucalyptus. California
with notes on the described species and placement of the genus. Journal
of Hymenopteran Research 9: 176-181.
Scheuten. A. 1857. Einiges uber Milben. Arch. Naturg, 23: 104-112.
Schultz, B. B. 1992. Insect herbivores as potential causes of mortality and
adaptation in gallforming insects. Oecologia, 90: 297-299.
Scott, P. T., Pregelj, L., Chen, N., Hadler, J. S, Djordjevic, M. A. and Gresshoff, P.
M. 2008. An untapped resource for the biofuel industry of the future.
Bioenerg Res, 1: 2-11.
Selvakumaran, S., David, B. Vasantharaj and Kumarsen D. 2000. Life table for the
cardamom whitefly, Kanakarajiella cardamomi (David and
Subramaniam), a pest on cardamom. Journal of Entomological
Research. 24(4): 311-317.
Sen-Sharma, P. K. 1983. Forest entomology in India. Indian Rev. Life. Sci., 3: 89-
103.
159
Sertkaya, E. Telli, S. Yigit, A. 2006. Pest status and parasitoids of Gall midge,
Asphondylia capsici Barnes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Antakya
province. [Turkish] Antakya ve cevresinde Biber galsinegi,
Asphondylia capsici Barnes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)'nin zarar durumu
ve parazitoitleri. Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 30(3): 223-234
Shaine, K. T., Bozell, J., Wallace, R., Peterson, B and Moens L. 2004. Biomass oil
analysis. Research Needs and recommendations, National Renewable
Energy Laboratory.
Sharma, H. C. 1993. Host-plant resistance to insects in sorghum and its role in
integrated pest management. Crop Protection, 12: 11–34.
Sharma, H. C., Vidyasagar, P. and Nwanze, K. F. 1993. Effect of host-plant
resistance on economic injury levels for the sorghum midge, Contarinia
sorghicola. International Journal of Pest Management, 39: 435–444.
Sharma, H.C, Vidyasagar, P. 1992. Orientation of males of sorghum midge,
Contarinia sorghicola to sex pheromones from virgin females in the
field. Entomol Exp Appl; 64 : 23-29.
Shorthouse, J. D. 1978. Modification of flower heads of Sonchus arvensis (family
Compositae ) by the gall formers Tephritis dilacerata (order Diptera,
Family Tephritidae). Agriculture Research station, Regina, Sask.,
canada:1534-1537.
Shorthouse, J. D. and O. Rohfritsch. 1992. Biologty of insect induced galls. Edited
by J. D. Shorthouse, O. Rohfritsch. Oxford University Press, New
York. Oxford: 285 pp.
Shukla, A. C, Shahi, S. K and Dikshit, A. 2000. Epicarp of Citrus sinensis: a
potential source of natural pesticide. Indian Phytopathology, 53, 318-
322.
160
Siddegowda, D. K., 2004. Population dynamics and management of pod borer
Helicoverpa in chickpea ecosystem. Ph. D. Thesis, University of
Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, p. 162.
Siebold, C. T. E. 1850. Ueber Eriophyes. Jahresher Schles Ges, 28: 88-89.
Simbolon H, Yukawa J. Description of a new gall midge (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae)
causing galls on Lithocarpus edulis (Fagaceae) in Japan. Jap J.
Entomol, 1992; 60 : 609-617.
Singh, R. K. and Pandey, B. L. 1996. Anti-inflammatory potential of Pongamia
pinnata root extracts in experimentally induced inflammation in rats. J.
Basic Appl Biomed, 4: 21-24.
Singh, R.V. 1982. Fodder trees of India. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. New
delhi, India.663p.
Sinha, D. K., Bentur, J. S and Nair, S. 2011. Compatible interaction with its rice
host leads to enhanced expression of the gamma subunit of
oligosaccharyl transferase in the Asian rice gall midge, Orseolia
oryzae. Insect Molecular Biology, 20( 5): 567-575.
Skhravy V, Skuhrava M and Brewer J 1980. Evaluation of plant damage by three
species of gall damage (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Zeitschrift fur
Angewandte Entomologie 90 : 184-190.
Skrzypezynska, M. 1983. Preliminary studies on the populations of gall forming
and mining species on the leaves of common beech, fagus silvatica L.
in Poland. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 53(3): 425- 429.
Skuhrava, M. (1986). Family Cecidomyiide. In A.soos, L. Papp (Eds.), Cataloue of
Palearctic Diptera 4: 72-297.
Skuhravá, M. and Skuhravý, V. 1981. Die Gallmücken des Schilfes (Phragmites
communis Trin.). Studie Ceskoslovenska Akademia Ved, 3: 1–150.
161
Skuhravá, M. and Skuhravý, V. 1992. Biology of gall midges on common reed in
Czechoslovakia, pp. 196–207. In J.D. Shorthouse, and O. Rohfritsch.
[eds.] 1992. Biology of insect-induced galls. Oxford University Press,
New York, USA.
Skuhravy, V. 1982. The saddle gall midge Haplodiplosis marginata (von Roser)
(Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), an important pest of wheat and barley in
Czechoslovakia. Biologia 23 : 133-135.
Skuhravý, V., Skuhravá, M. and Brewer, J. W. 1993. The saddle gall midge
Haplodiplosis marginata (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Czech Republic
and Slovak Republic from 1971-1989. Acta Societatis Zoologica
Bohemoslovaca, 57: 117–137.
Soenarjo, E. 1986. Parasitoids of the rice gall midge (GM) in Indonesia.
International Rice Research Newsletter, 11: 5, 29.
Solinas, M. 1967. Osservazione biologiche condotte in puglia sulla Prolasioptera
berlesiana Paoli, con particulare rifermento ai rapporti simbiotici con
Dacus oleae Gmel. e con la Spaeropsis dalmatica (Thüm.) gigante.
Entomologica, 3: 129–176.
Sone, K. 1980. Seasonal changes in the population of the pine needle gall midge,
Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye (Diptera : Cecidomyiidae).
J. Jap. For. Sot., 62 : 168-175.
Soné, K. 1985. Gregariousness and development of larvae of the pine needle gall
midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae), in a gall. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 20: 431–
438.
Soné, K. 1987. Population dynamics of the pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis
japonensis Uchida et Inouye (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae). Zeitschrift für
Angewandte Entomologie, 103: 386–402.
162
Soné, K. 1994. Can larval gregariousness increase fitness of the pine needle gall
midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)?, pp. 27–36. In P. W. Price, W. J.
Mattson, and Y. Baranchikov. [eds.] 1994. The ecology and evolution
of gall-forming insects. General Technical Report NC-174. North
Central Forest Experimental Station, Forest Service, USDA, St Paul,
Minnesota, USA.
Soné, K. 1995. Effects of the gregariousness of larvae in galls on the reproductive
success of the pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida
et Inouye (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 119:
267–272.
Sopow, S. L., J. D. Shorthouse, W. Strong, and D. T. Quiring.2003. Evidence for
long-distance, chemical gall induction by an insect. Ecological Letters,
6: 102Ð105.
Spooner, B. M. 1990. Some problems in defining the word “Gall”. Cecidology, 5:
51-52.
Srinivasan, K., Muruganandam., Lal. J., Chandra, S., Tandon, S.K., Raviprakash V
and Kumar, D. 2003. Antinociceptive and anti pyrerectic activities of
Pongamia pinnata leaves. Phyto Res, 17: 259-264.
Srivastava, P. K and Verma, M. 2008. Methyl ester karanja oil as an alternative
renewable source energy. Fuel, 87: 1673-1677.
Stark, R.W. 1952. Analysis of a population sampling method for a lodge pole
needle miner in Canadian rocky mountain parks. Can. Entomologist 84:
316-21.
Stern, D. L. 1995. Phylogenetic evidence that aphids, rather than plants, determine
gall morphology. Proceedings of Royal Society of London, B 260: 85–
89
163
Stinner and Abrahamson, 1979. Evolutionary ecology across three tropic levels,
Golden rods, gall makers and natural enemies, Book. : 456pp.
Stokes, B. M. 1953a. Biological investigations into the validity of Contarinia
species living on the Cruciferae, with special reference to the swede
midge, Contarinia nasturtii (Kieffer). Annals of Applied Biology, 40:
726-741.
Stokes, B. M. 1953b. The host plant range of the swede midge (Contarinia nasturtii
Kieffer) with special reference to types of plant damage. Tijdschr.
Plantenziekten. 59: 82-90.
Stone, G.N, Cook, J.M. 1998. The structure of cynipid oak galls: patterns in the
evolution of an extended phenotype. Proceedings of Royal Society of
LondonB 265: 979–988
Strong D, Jr. Lawton J, Southwood, R. 1989. Insects on plants. Blackwell Sci.
Publ., Oxford, UK, 1984. 313p. Ukey, S.P., Radke SG, Gawande RB,
Thakare HS. First record of bud borers, Eurytoma sp., Goethella sp.
and Ceratoneura indi Girault on chilli in Vidarbha Region of
Maharashtra State. PKV Research Journal, 13(1) : 73-77.
Strong, D. R., Larsson, S. and Gullberg, U. 1993. Heritability of host plant
resistance to herbivory changes with gall midge density during an
outbreak on willow. Evolution, 47: 291–300.
Stubbs, F.B. 1987. What is a gall. Cecidology 2: 49-51.
Summer, C.G. 1975. Daily adult emergence in the Sorghum midge, Contarinia
sorghicola. Environ. Ent. 4: 495-498.
Sundararaj R, Rajamuthukrishnan, Remadevi, O. K. 2005. Annotated list of insect
pests of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre in India. Annals of Forestry, 13 :
337-341.
164
Sundararaj, R and Devaraj, R. 2010. Record of Mango mealy bug Rstrococcus
iceeryoides. Indian forester, 136(2): 269-270.
Sundararaj, R and Raja Muthukrishnan, 2008. Population dynamics of some coccids
(Coccoidea: Hemiptera) infesting sandal (Santalum album Linn.) in
Bangalore, India, Journal of Forestry Research, 22 ( 2): 259-262
Sunose, T. 1978. Studies on extended diapause in Hasegawaia sasacola Monzen
(Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) and its parasites. Kontyû, 46: 400–415.
Sunose, T. 1979. Two colour types of the euonymus gall midge, Masakimyia
pustulae Yukawa and Sunose (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Kontyû, 47:
352–357.
Sunose, T. 1983. Studies on the population dynamics of the euonymus gall midge
Masakimyia pustulae Yukawa et Sunose (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae)
under different environmental conditions. Kontyû, 51: 29–40.
Sunose, T. 1984. Parasitoid complex of the euonymus gall midge Masakimyia
pustulae Yukawa et Sunose (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in Japan. Kontyû,
52: 557–564.
Sunose, T., and Yukawa, J. 1979. Interrelationship between the leaf longevity of
the evergreen spindle tree, Euonymus japonicus Thunb. and the
euonymus gall midge, Masakimyia pustulae Yukawa and Sunose
(Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in different environments. Japanese Journal
of Ecology, 29: 29–34.
Sunose., 1985. Population reglation of the euononymus gall midge Masakimia
puastulae Yukawa and sunose (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) by
hymenopterous parasitoids. Res. Popul. Ecol. 27: 287-300.
Sylvén, E., and Lövgren, L. 1995. Dasineura ingeris sp. n. (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) on Salix viminalis in Sweden, including comparisons
165
with some other Dasineura species on Salix. Systematic Entomology,
20: 59–71.
Tabuchi K, Amano H. 2003. Polymodal emergence pattern and parasitoid
composition of Asteralobia sasakii (Monzen) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
on Ilex crenata and I. integra (Aquifoliaceae). App Entomol Zool, 38 :
493-500.
Takasu, K., and Yukawa, J. 1984. Two-year life history of the neolitsea leaf gall
midge, Pseudasphondylia neolitseae Yukawa (Diptera,
Cecidomyiidae). Kontyû, 52: 596–604.
Taley, Y. M., Deodre, B. P and Thakare, K., 1971, Bionomica of Contarinia
sorghicola Coquillet (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Indian J. Ent., 33: 202-
208.
Tastás-Duque, R., and Sylvén, E. 1989. Sensilla and cuticular appendages on the
female abdomen of Lasioptera rubi (Schrank) (Diptera,
Cecidomyiidae). Acta Zoologica, 70: 163–174.
Taveres, J. S., 1915, Cécidologie Argentine. Brotéria, Série Zoológica, 13: 88-126,
pls. II-V.
Teetes, G. L., Anderson, R. M. and Peterson, G. C. 1994. Exploitation of sorghum
nonpreference resistance to sorghum midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
using mixed plantings of resistant and susceptible sorghum hybrids.
Journal of Economic Entomology, 87: 826–831.
Teja, 1992. Cascades effects among four tropic level bird predation on gall affect
density dependant. Ecology. 73(5): 1689-1698
Tewari, G. C and Krishnamoorthy, P. N. 1986. Eurytoma sp: a new parasite on
Asphondylia sp. Infesting egg plant. Entomon, 11(1): 111-113.
166
Tewari, G. C., Krishnamoorthy, P. N and Sardana, H. R. 1987. Nature of damage
and chemical control of gall midge, Asphondylia sp., infesting egg
plant. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 57 (10): 745-748
Thomsen. J. and H. Keifer. 1976. Morphology and biology of the gall mite
Eriophyes tiliae tiliae Pgst. (Acarina: Trombidiformes: Eriophyidea).
Entomologiske Meddeleser, 44 (1): 9-12.
Tigunait, I 2006, „Seeds of hope: drought, biofuel and community renewal‟, Yoga+
Magazine, Dec–Jan, : 78–87pp.
Timberlake, P. H, 1957. A new entedontine chalcid-fly from seed capsules of
eucalyptus in California (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Pan-Pacific
Entomologist, 33: 109-110.
Tokuda M and Yukawa J 2006. First records of genus Bruggmanniella (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini) from Palaearctic and Oriental Regions,
with descriptions of two new species that induce stem galls on
Lauraceae in Japan. Annals of the Entomological Society of America
99 : 629–637.
Tokuda M, Harris KM, Yukawa J. 2005. Morphological features and molecular
phylogeny of Placochela (Rübsaamen) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) with
implications on taxonomy and host specificity. Entomol Sci 8: 419–
427.
Tokuda M, Yukawa J. 2005. Two new and three known Japanese species of genus
Pseudasphondylia Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini)
with notes on their life history strategies. Ann Entomol Soc Am; 98 :
259-272.
Tokuda M, Yukawa J. 2007. Biogeography and evolution of gall midges (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) inhibiting broad-leaved evergreen forests in Oriental
and eastern Palearctic regions. Oriental Ins; 41 : 121-139.
167
Tokuhisa, E., Nagai, S. and Yukawa J. 1979. Jumping behaviour of the larvae of
the Japanese cedar gall midge, Contarinia inouyei Mani (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae). [in Japanese with English summary] Kontyû, 47: 599–
605.
Traveset, A. and Mas, R.E., 1999. Presencia de galles induides per cecidomids,
Asphondylia trabuti Marchal 1896, en els fruits de Solanum nigrum L.
1753 a Mallorca. Boletin Societat D Història Natural de les Balears, 2:
27.31.
Turpin. P. J. 1833. Surle development des galles cornicules de Tilleul. Nouveau
Bull. des. Se. par la Soc. Philomalique de Paris 191: 163-165.
Uechi N, Tokuda M, Yukawa J, Kawamura F, Teramoto K.K, Harris K.M. 2003.
Confirmation by DNA analysis that Contarinia maculipennis (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) is a polyphagous pest of orchids and other unrelated
cultivated plants. Bull Entomol Res, 93 : 545-551.
Uechi N, Yukawa J, Usuba S. 2005. Discovery of an additional winter host of the
soybean pod gall midge, Asphondylia yushimai (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) in Japan. App Entomol Zool, 40 : 597-607.
Uechi N, Yukawa J. 2006. Host Range and Life History of Asphondylia sphaera
(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae): Use of Short-Term Alternate Hosts Ann
Entomol Soc Am. 99(6) : 1165-1171.
Uechi, N., Tokuda, M., Yukawa, J., Kawamura, F., Teramoto, K. K. and Harris, K.
M. 2003. Confirmation by DNA analysis that Contarinia maculipennis
(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is a polyphagous pest of orchids and other
unrelated cultivated plants. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 93:
545–551.
Uechi, N., Yukawa, J. and Yamaguchi, D. 2004. Host alternation by gall midges of
the genus Asphondylia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), pp. 53-66. In.
Evenhuis, N. L. and Kaneshiro, K. Y. [eds.] 2004. Contributions to the
168
Systematics and Evolution of Diptera. D. Elmo Hardy Memorial
Volume of Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology.
Uechi, N., Yukawa, J., Tokuda, M., Ganaha-Kikumura, T and Taniguchi, M. 2011.
New information on host plants and distribution ranges of an invasive
gall midge, Contarinia maculipennis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), and its
congeners in Japan. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 46(3): 383-389.
van Leeuwen, W. M. 1939. An ambrosia gall on Symplocus fasciculata Zoll.
Annales du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, 49: 27–42.
Vancckova-Skuhrava. 1996. Life cycles of five criophyid mites species
(Eriophyoidea: Acari) developing on trees and shrubs in Czech
Republic Acta Soc. Zool. Bohem, 60: 2-3.
Varley, G. C. 1947. The natural control of population balance in the knapweed gall-
fly (Uyophora jaceana). Journal of Animal Ecology. 16: 139-187.
Varley. G. C. 1937. Descriptions of the eggs and larvae of four species of
Chalcidoid Hymenoptera parasitic on the Knapweed gall fly. Proc. R.
Ent. Soc. London, 6: 122-130.
Velayudhan, R., Senrayan, R. and Rajadurai, S. 1988. Parasitoid host interactions
with reference to Anastatus ramakrishnae (Mani) ( Hymenoptera:
Eupelmidae) in relation to pentatomid and coreid hosts: Proceedings of
the Indian National Science Academy B54: 145 - 153
Vidyaswamy and Sunitha. B 2003. Commercial cultivation of pongamia- a field
study to identify the plus trees.Paper presented in A cunsulative
workshop on scientific strategies for production of non edible oils for
use as biofuels organized by Indian institute of Science Bangalore from
7th
to 8th
sep 2003.
Viggiani, G., and Nicotina, M. 2001. The eulophid leaf gall making of eucalyptus
Ophelimus eucalypti (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in Campania.
Bollettino Di Zoologia Agraria E Di Bachicoltura, 33: 79-82.
169
Vismayaa., Sapna, Eipesona, W., Manjunath, J. R., Srinivas, P. and Sindhu Kanyaa
T. C. 2010. Extraction and recovery of karanjin: A value addition to
karanja (Pongamia pinnata) seed oil. Ind Crops and Products. Article in
press.
Visweswara Gowda, B. L. 1973. The bionomics and control of the Sorghum midge
Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillet) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). M.Sc.
(Agri.) thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore.
Wagh P., Rai M., Deshmukh S.K. and Durate M.C.T., 2007. Bio-activity of oils of
Trigonella foenumgraecum and Pongamia pinnata. African. J. Biotech,
6(13), 1592-6.
Waldbauer, G. P. 1978. Phenological adaptation and the polymodal emergence
patterns of insect, pp. 127–144. In Dingle, H. [ed.] 1978. Evolution of
insect migration and diapause. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany.
Walter, E. V. 1941. The biology and control of the Sorghum midge. Tech. Bull.
U.S Dep. Agric. No. 778:26
Washburn, J.O and Cornell, H.V. 1979. Chalcid parasitoid attack on a gall wasp
population on Oak (Acraspis hirta) Bassett, on Quercus primus
Fagacae. Canadian Entomologist 111: 391-400.
Wawrzynski, P. and Ascerno, E. 1989. Ash flower gall within the tree distribution
and chemical management. Journal of Arboriculture 15(6): 215-218.
Weis, A. E. 1982. Resource utilization patterns in a community of gall-attacking
parasitoids. Environmental Entomology, 11: 809–815.
Weis, 1994. Host gall size and oviposition success by the parasitoid Eurytoma
gigantea. Ecological Entomology 10: 341-348.
Weis, A. E., Walton, R and Crego, C. L. 1986. Reactive plant tissue sites and the
population biology of gall makers. Ann. Rev. Ento. 33: 467-486.
170
Westphal. E. 1977. Morphogenes, ultrastructure, et etiologie de quelques galles d
Eriophyes (Acariens). Marcellia, 39: 193-375.
Williams Michele. A. 1994. Plant Galls: Organisms Interaction Population.
Biosystematics Association. Clarendon Press. Oxford, : 488 pp.
Withers, 2001. Colonization of eucalyptus in New Zealand by Australian insects.
Austral Ecology, 26: 467-476.
Wright, M. G. and Samways, M. J. 1998. Insect species richness tracking plant
species richness in a diverse flora: galling-insects in the Cape Floristic
Region, South Africa. Oecologia, 115: 427–433.
Wu, Q. J., Zhao, J. Z., Taylor A. G and Shelton, A. M. 2006. Evaluation of
insecticides and application methods against Contarinia nasturtii
(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a new invasive insect pest in the United
States. J. Econ. Entomol. 99: 117-122.
Wyatt, I. J. 1967. Pupal paedogenesis in the Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) 3 – a
reclassification of the Heteropezini. Transactions of the Royal
Entomological Society of London, 119: 71–98.
Wyss, E and Daniel, C. 2004. The effect of exclusion fence on the colonization of
broccoli and kohlrabi by the Swede midge, Contarinia nasturtii
(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Mitteilungen Deutschen Gesellshaft
Allgemeine Angewandte Entomol. 14: 387-390.
Yamagishi, K. 1980. Platygastrid parasites of willow gall midges in Japan
(Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea). Esakia, 15: 161–175.
Yukawa J, Ohsaki N. 1988. Adult behaviour of the aucuba fruit midge,
Asphondylia aucubae Yukawa et Ohsaki (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae).
Kontyû, 56 : 645-652.
Yukawa J, Rohfritsch O. 2005. Biology and ecology of gall-inducing
Cecidomyiidae (Diptera). In: Raman A, Schaefer C W, Withers TM.
171
Editors. Biology, Ecology, and Evolution of Gall-inducing Arthropods,
Science Publishers Inc., Enfield. ,. pp. 273-304.
Yukawa J, Sunose T. 1976. Description of a new gall midge (Diptera,
Cecidomyiidae) on Euonymus, with notes on its bionomics. Kontyû ;
44: 159-168.
Yukawa J, Takahashi K, Ohsaki N. 1976. Population behaviour of the neolitsea leaf
gall midge, Pseudasphondylia neolitseae Yukawa (Diptera,
Cecidomyiidae). Kontyû; 44 : 358-365.
Yukawa J, Uechi N, Horikiri M, Tuda M. 2003. Description of the soybean pod
gall midge, Asphondylia yushimai sp. n. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a
major pest of soybean and findings of host alternation. Bull Entomol
Res, 93 : 73-86.
Yukawa J. 1987. Life history strategies of univoltine gall-making Cecidomyiidae
(Diptera) in Japan. Phytophaga; 1 : 121-139.
Yukawa J. 1994. Synchronization between gall midges and their host plants. [in
Japanese] Phenology Kenkyû; 23: 1-7.
Yukawa J. 2000. Synchronization of gallers with host plant phenology. Popul Ecol;
42 : 105-113.
Yukawa, J and Rohfritsch, O. 2005. Biology and ecology of gall indiucing
cecidomyiids (Diptera). In A. Raman, C.W. Schaefer & T.M withers
(Eds.), Biology, ecology, and evolution of gall-inducing arthropods.
Enfield, New Hampshire: Science publishers. 273-304
Yukawa, J. 1974. Descriptions of new Japanese gall midges (Diptera,
Cecidomyiidae, Asphondyliidi) causing leaf galls on Lauraceae.
Kontyû, 42: 293–304.
172
Yukawa, J. 1983. Arthropod community centred upon the neolitsea leaf gall midge,
Pseudasphondylia neolitseae Yukawa (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) and its
host plant, Neolitsea sericea (Blume) Koidz. (Lauraceae). The Memoirs
of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 19: 89–96.
Yukawa, J. 1987. Life history strategies of univoltine gall-making Cecidomyiidae
(Diptera) in Japan. Phytophaga, 1: 121–139.
Yukawa, J. 1994. Synchronization between gall midges and their host plants. [in
Japanese] Phenology Kenkyû, 23: 1–7.
Yukawa, J. and Haitsuka, S. 1994. A new cecidomyiid successor (Diptera)
inhabiting empty midge galls. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 62:
709–718.
Yukawa, J. and Masuda, H. 1996. Insect and mite galls of Japan in colors. [in
Japanese, with English explanations for color plates] Zenkoku Nôson
Kyôiku Kyôkai, Tokyo, Japan.
Yukawa, J. and Miyamoto, K. 1979. Redescription of Asphondylia sphaera
Monzen (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), with notes on its bionomics. The
Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 15: 99–
106.
Yukawa, J. and Ohsaki, N. 1988. Separation of the aucuba fruit midge,
Asphondylia aucubae sp. nov. from the ampelopsis fruit midge,
Asphondylia baca Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Kontyû, 56: 365-
376.
Yukawa, J. and Ohsaki, N. 1988a. Separation of the aucuba fruit midge,
Asphondylia aucubae sp. nov. from the ampelopsis fruit midge,
Asphondylia baca Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Kontyû, 56: 365–
376.
173
Yukawa, J. and Ohsaki, N.1988b. Adult behaviour of the aucuba fruit midge,
Asphondylia aucubae Yukawa et Ohsaki (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae).
Kontyû, 56: 645–652.
Yukawa, J. and Partomihardjo, T. 1997. Insect and mite galls collected from
Peucang, Panaitan, and the Krakatau Islands, Indonesia. Tropics, 7:
141–152.
Yukawa, J. and Sunose, T. 1976. Description of a new gall midge (Diptera,
Cecidomyiidae) on Euonymus, with notes on its bionomics. Kontyû, 44:
159–168.
Yukawa, J. and Tsuda, K. 1986. Leaf longevity of Quercus glauca Thunb. with
reference to the influence of gall formation by Contarinia sp. (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) on the early mortality of fresh leaves. The Memoirs of
the Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 22: 73–77.
Yukawa, J. and Tsuda, K. 1987. A new gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
causing conical leaf galls on Celtis (Ulmaceae) in Japan. Kontyû, 55:
123–131.
Yukawa, J., Ikenega, H., Sato, S., Tokuda, M., Ganahakikumara, T., Uechi, M.,
Kazunori Matsuo, K., Mishima, M., Tung, G., Paik, J., Aik., Ren., Q. and
Xiao-Yu Don. 2012. Description and ecological traits of a new species of
Pitydiplosis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) that induces leaf galls on Pueraria
(Fabaceae) in East Asia, with a possible diversification scenario of
intraspecific groups, eEntomological Science, 15: 81–98.
Yukawa, J., Miyamoto, K. 1979. Redescription of Asphondylia sphaera Monzen
(Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), with notes on its bionomics. Mem Fac Agric
Kagoshima Univ; 15 : 99-106.
Yukawa, J., Ogata, K., Kamitani, S., Ueno, T., Partomihardjo, T., Kahono, S. and
Ngakan, P. O. 2000. A preliminary report of the field survey in 1999 on
174
Sulawesi Island, Indonesia. Bulletin of the Institute of Tropical
Agriculture Kyushu University, 22: 51–57.
Yukawa, J., Ohtani, T. and Yazawa, Y. 1983. Host-exchange experiments from
wild plants to soybean in Asphondylia species (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae). [in Japanese, with English summary] Proceedings of
the Association for Plant Protection of Kyushu, 29: 115-117.
Yukawa, J., Takahashi, K. and Ohsaki. N. 1976. Population behaviour of the
neolitsea leaf gall midge, Pseudasphondylia neolitseae Yukawa
(Diptera, Cecidomyiidae). Kontyû, 44: 358–365.
Yukawa, J., Tokuda, M., Uechi, N. and Sato, S. 2001b. Species richness of galling
arthropods in Manaus, Amazon and the surroundings of Iguassu Falls.
Esakia, 41: 11–15.
Yukawa, J., Uechi, N., Horikiri, M. and Tuda, M. 2003. Description of the soybean
pod gall midge, Asphondylia yushimai sp. n. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae),
a major pest of soybean and findings of host alternation. Bulletin of
Entomological Research, 93: 73–86.
Zbornik Gozdarstva in Lesarstva. 2010. Dasineura gleditchiae (Osten Sacken,
1866) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), honeylocust pod gall midge: a new
invasive species in Slovenia. 91: 89-92.
ZSI, 2011. Check list of Indian gall midges (Diptera-Cecidomyiidae).