Standard Specification

for

Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Composite Sewer Piping

AASHTO DESIGNATION: M 264-921(ASTM DESIGNATION: D 2680-90)

1. SCOPE D 1600

1.1 This specification covers ther-moplastic composite pipe, fittings and ajoining system for use in gravity flow,nonpressure sanitary sewer, and stormdrain installations. The pipe and fittingsare made of ABS or PVC plastic mate-rial. Recommended installation practicesare referenced in Appendix XI.

1.2 The values stated in inch-poundunits are to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are pro-vided for information purposes only.

1.3 The following precautionary ca-veat pertains only to the test method por-tion, Section 10, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address allof the safety problems associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of whoeveruses this standard to consult and estab-

lish appropriate safety and health prac-tices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. Spe-cific precautionary information is givenin NOTE 6.

D 2122

D 2152

D 2235

D 2321

D 2412

D 2564

2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

D 31382.1 ASTM Standards:

D 618 Methods for Condition-

ing Plastics and Electri-cal Insulating Materialsfor Testing

D 883 Definitions of TermsRelating to Plastics

D 1084 Test Methods for Vis-cosity of Adhesives

D 3212

1Agrees with ASTM D 2680-90. except that supple-mentary requirement for Federal Government/Mili-tary procurement has been deleted.

Terminology Relating toAbbreviations, Acro-nyms, and Codes forTerms Relating to Plas-tics

Method of DeterminingDimensions of Thermo-

plastic Pipe and FittingsTest Method for Degreeof Fusion of ExtrudedPoly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Pipe and MoldedFittings by Acetone Im-mersionSpecification for Sol-vent Cement for Acryl-onitrile- Butadiene-Sty-rene (ABS) Plastic Pipeand FittingsPractice for Under-ground Installation ofFlexible ThermoplasticSewer Pipefest Method for Deter-mination of External

Loading Characteristicsof Plastic Pipe by Paral-lel-Plate LoadingSpecification for Sol-vent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Plastic Pipe and FittingsSpecification for Sol-vent Cements for Tran-sition Joints BetweenAcry lonitrile- Butadiene-Styrene ABS and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) PVCNonpressure PipingComponentsSpecification for Jointsfor Drain and SewerPlastic Pipes UsingFlexible ElastomericSeals

3. DESCRIPTIONS OF TERMS

3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 General-Definitions are in

accordance with ASTM D 883 and F 412and abbreviations are in accordance withASTM D 1600, unless otherwise indi-cated. The abbreviation for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene is ABS and the abbre-viation for poly (vinyl chloride) is PVC.

3.2 Descriptions of Terms Specificto this Standard:

3.2.1 acrylonitrile-butadiene-sty-rene (ABS)-plastics containing poly-mers or blends of polymers, or both, inwhich the minimum butadiene content is

6 percent; the minimum acrylonitrilecontent is 15 percent; the minimum sty-rene or substituted styrene content, orboth, is 15 percent; and the maximum

613

D 3965 Specification for RigidABS Compounds forPipe and Fittings

D 4396 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)and Related PlasticCompounds for Non-pressure Piping Prod-ucts

F 402 Practice for Safe Han-

dling of Solvent Ce-ments and Primers Usedfor Joining Thermoplas-tic Pipe and Fittings

F 412 Terminology Relating toPlastic Piping Systems

F477 Specification for Elasto-meric Seals (Gaskets)for Joining Plastic Pipe

F913 Specification for Ther-moplastic ElastomericSeals (Gaskets) forJoining Plastic Pipe

614 SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS M 264

content of all other monomers is not more

than 5 percent, plus lubricants, stabiliz-ers, and colorants.

3.2.2 poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)-plastic compounds containing poly (vi-nyl chloride) homopolymer, and suchadditives as stabilizers, lubricants, pro-cessing aids, impact improvers, and col-orants as needed to provide the requiredprocessing and toughness characteris-tics.

4. CLASSIFICAnON

4.1 Pipe produced in accordance withthis specification shall be classified asABS composite pipe or pve compositepipe based on plastic materials used inmanufacture.

5. MATERIALS ANDMANUFACTURE

5.1 ABS composite pipe or pvecomposite pipe shall consist of two con-centric thermoplastic tubes integrallybraced across the annulus. The resultant

annular space is filled to provide contin-uous support between the inner and outertubes.

5.2 Compounds-The ABS and pvecomposite pipe and fittings shall be pro-duced from the following compounds:

5.2.1 ABS-The pipe shall be madefrom a rigid ABS plastic and shall meetor exceed the requirements of ASTMD 3965 for a minimum cell classifica-tion of 1-0-2-2-3. The fittings shall bemade from ABS plastic and shall meetor exceed the requirements of ASTM

D 3965 for cell classifications of 1-0-2-2-3 or 4-2-2-2-2. elean rework ABS,generated from the manufacturer's ownpipe extrusion and fittings may be usedby the same manufacturer, provided thatthe pipe and fittings produced meet allthe requirements of this specification.5.2.2 PVC-The thermoplastic ma-

terial shall be a rigid pve plastic andshall meet or exceed the requirements ofASTM D 4396, for a minimum cell clas-sification of 11432. Homopolymer pvecompounds that have higher cell classi-fications, because one or more proper-ties are superior to those of the specifiedcompounds, are also acceptable. eleanrework pve, generated from the man-ufacturer's own pipe and fittings pro-duction may be used by the same man-ufacturer provided that the pipe andfittings produced meet all the require-ments of this specification.

5.3 The other component shall beportland cement-perlite concrete or otherinert filler material exhibiting the samedegree of performance, that essentiallyfills the truss annulus to form a com-

posite pipe that meets the requirementsof this specification.

5.4 Gaskets-Elastomeric seals

(gaskets) shall comply with require-ments described in ASTM F 477 orF 913.

NOTE I-Gasket joints manufactured forpye composite pipe only.

5.5 Lubricants- The lubricant used

for the assembly of gasket joints shallhave no detrimental effect on the gasketor on the pipe.

FIGURE 1 Assembly of Joints

6. PERFORMANCEREQUIREMENTS

6.1 Pipe Stiffness-Pipe tested inaccordance with Section 10.2 shall have

a minimum pipe stiffness of 200 lb/in./in. (1,380 kPa) at 5-percent deflection.

6.2 Pipe Deflection-Pipe tested inaccordance with Section 10.2 shall de-

fleet a minimum of 7.5 percent withoutrupture of inner or outer wall.

NOTE 2- The purpose of the quality con-trol tests in Sections 6.1 and 6.2 is to furnishtest results for a consumer only upon his re-quest at the time of order and prior to ship-ment from the point of manufacture.

6.3 Acid Conditioning-Pipe testedin accordance with Section 10.3 shall

meet the requirements of Sections 6.1 and6.2.

NOTE 3- This test is intended only foruse as a qualification test, not for use as asimulated service test nor a quality control test.

6.4 Joint Tightness:6.4.1 Solvent cement joints-Pipe

and fittings attached to the pipe shall showno signs of leakage when tested in ac-cordance with Section 10.4.1. (See Note3.)

6.4.2 Gasket joints for pvc com-posite pipe-Joints shall show no signsof leakage when tested in accordance withSection 10.4.2. (See Note 3.)

6.5 Extrusion Quality-When testedin accordance with Section 10.5, pveextruded pipe tubes shall not flake ordisintegrate.

NOTE 4- This test is intended for use as

Clearance

InteL!nceBJ

M 264 SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS 615

Sadd 1e Tre

-r-~Q~Tee

.11

kGo " JG,

Reducer BushinK Reducer

at-iNI~k-

Saddle W}:e

.~~~~Tee

Go

Spir,ot c.,p

uI»

FIGURE 2 Fittings (See key in Table 5 and Table 6)

a quality control test, not for use as a simu-lated service test.

7. OTHER REQUIREMENTS

7.1 Joints and Fittings as shown inFigures 1 and 2, shall be molded or fab-ricated from materials described in Sec-tion 5. Joints and fittings may be fac-tory-attached to the pipe or furnishedloose, at the option of the purchaser.

7.2 Solvent Cement Joints:7.2.1 Solvent Cement Joint-In the

solvent cement joint, the pipe spigotwedges into the tapered socket and thesurfaces fuse together.

7.2.2 ABS Solvent Cement Joints-

Primer for priming solvent cementedjoints shall be MEK (methyl ethyl ke-tone) and the cement shall be MEK con-taining a minimum of 20 weight percentof dissolved ABS as described in Section5.2.1. The cement viscosity when mea-sured in accordance with Method D of

ASTM D 1084 at 70 to 75°P (21 to 23°C)with a No.5 Zahn Cup, shall fall withina range of 60 to 80 s. The solids contentof the cement shall be measured in ac-cordance with ASTM D 2235.

7.2.3 PVC Solvent Cement Joints-

The cement shall comply with ASTMD 2564, with the exception that the min-imum resin content shall be 16 percentand minimum viscosity shall be 3500 cP(3500 mPa' s).

7.2.4 Transition Joints (ABS toPVC)- Whenever a transition joint is tobe assembled, the cement shall complywith ASTM D 3138.

NOTE 5-Unless otherwise specified, it ispermissible to use transition joints in accor-dance with this specification and ASTMD 3138.

NOTE 6-Warning: Solvent cements forplastic pipe are made from flammable liquidsand should be kept away from all sources ofignition. Precaution-Good ventilation shouldbe maintained to reduce fire hazard and to

minimize breathing of solvent vapors. Avoidcontact of cement with skin and eyes. Referto ASTM F 402 for additional information.

7.3 Elastomeric (Gasket) Joints forPVC Composite Pipe.

7.3.1 Elastomeric joints shall be de-signed so that when assembled, the gas-ket will be compressed in the joint to forma positive seal.

7.3.2 The joint shall be designed toavoid displacement of the gasket whenassembled in accordance with the man-ufacturer's recommendation.

7.3.3 The assembly of joints shall bein accordance with the manufacturer'srecommendation.

8. DIMENSIONS

8.1 Diameters and Thickness-The

pipe shall conform to the dimensions andtolerances shown in Table 1 for ABScomposite pipe, and Table 2 for PYCcomposite pipe, when measured in ac-cordance with Sections 10.6.1 and10.6.2.

8.2 Laying Length-Pipe shall befurnished in standard 12112ft (3.82 m)lengths with a tolerance of -1 in.(- 25 mm) when measured in accor-dance with Section 10.6. I. There is nolimit for plus variation. Other lengths may

616 SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS M 264

be provided, if agreed upon by the pur-chaser and the seller.

8.3 Straightness-Pipe intended tobe straight shall have a maximum devia-tion from straightness of Ih6 in. /ft(4.85 mm/m) of length, when measuredin accordance with Section 10.6.1.

8.4 End Squareness-Pipe ends shallbe cut square to the longitudinal axis asprovided in Table 3, when measured inaccordance with Section 10.6.3.

8.5 Joint Couplings. shall conformto the dimensions shown in Table 4, whenmeasured in accordance with Section10.6.1.

8.6 Fittings:8.6.1 Molded Fittings-The wall

thickness of the water way shall be noless than the respective minimum thick-ness listed in Table 5. The socket di-

mensions and respective wall thicknessshall conform to Table 4. The dimen-sions and wall thicknesses shall be de-termined in accordance with Section10.6.1.

8.6.2 Fabricated Fittings-Fabri-cated fittings shall be considered satis-factory if made from pipe and moldedfittings meeting the requirements of thisspecification.

8.6.3 The spur (lateral) socket shallbe suitable for attaching the respectiveABS or PVC solid wall pipe or adaptorsshall be furnished for attaching other typesof pipes. .

TABLEt Pipe Dimensions for ABS Composite Pipe

Average Inside Average Concentric

Nominal Outside Diameter Diameter Tube Thickness

Size, in. Average Tolerance Max Min Max Inner, Min Outer, Min

Inches

6 6.81 :to.03 6.88 5.75 5.81 0.040 0.020

8 9.41+0.04

9.51 7.75 7.90 0.060 0.035-0.03

10 11.75+0.04

11.87 9.75 9.88 0.068 0.038-0.04

12 14.07+0.06

14.22 11.75 11.83 0.079 0.048-0.05

15 17.62+0.07

17.80 14.75 14.80 0.096 0.059-0.07

MiIIimetres

6 173 :to.8 175 146 148 1.02 0.51

8 239+1.0

242 197 201 1.52 0.90-0.8

10 298+1.2

302 248 251 1.73 0.96-1.0

12 357+1.5

361 298 301 2.01 1.22-1.2

15 447+1.8

452 375 376 2.44 1.50-1.5

TABLE2 Pipe Dimensions for PVC Composite Pipe

Average Inside Average Concentric 9. WORKMANSHIPNominal Outside Diameter Diameter Tube Thickness

Size, in. Average Tolerance Max Min Max Inner, Min Outer, Min 9.1 The inner and outer surfaces ofInches the pipe, joints, and fittings shall be ho-

+0.049.51 7.75 7.90 0.050

mogeneous throughout and free from8 9.41

-0.03 0.030 visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions,

10 11.75+0.04

11.87 9.75 9.88 0.058 0.035 and other injurious defects. The pipe,-0.04 joints, and fittings shall be as uniform as

12 14.07+0.06

14.22 11.75 11.83 0.067 0.041 commercially practicable in other phys--0.05 ical properties.

15 17.62+0.07

17.80 14.75 14.80 0.080 0.050-0.07

Millimetres TABLE3 End Squareness

8 239+ 1.0

242 197 201 1.27 0.76 Nominal Size, Maximum Allowable Gap-0.8 in.+1.2 in. mm

10 298-1.0

302 248 251 1.47 0.896 0.19 4.8

12 357+ 1.5

361 298 301 1.70 1.048 0.25 6.4

-1.2 10 0.33 8.4

15 447+ 1.8

452 375 376 2.03 1.2712 0.41 lOA

-1.5 15 0.50 12.8

M 264 SPECIFICA nONS FOR MATERIALS 617

TABLE 4 Coupling and Fitting Socket Dimensions

A Socket dimensions of fiuings are in Table 4.B See Figure 2.C Fittings are fabricated.° The wall thickness is a minimum value except that a :!: 10% variation resulting from core shift is allowable.

In such a case, the average of two opposite wall thicknesses shall equal or exceed the value shown in the table.

10. TEST METHODS

10.1 Conditioning:10.1.1 Referee Testing-When con-

ditioning is required for referee tests,condition the specimens in accordancewith Procedure A of ASTM D 618 at 73.4:t 3.6°F (23 :t 2°C) and 50 :t 5 percentrelative humidity for not less than 40hours prior to test. Conduct tests underthe same conditions of temperature andhumidity, unless otherwise specified.

10.1.2 Quality Control Testing-Condition specimens for a minimum of4 hours in air or I hour in water at 73.4:t 3°F (23 :t 2°C). Test the specimensat 73.4 :t 3°F without regard to relativehumidity.

10.1.3 Test Conditions-Conduct

tests in the Standard Laboratory Atmo-sphere of 73.4 :t 3.6°F (23 :t 2°C) and50 :t 5 percent relative humidity, unlessotherwise specified in the test methodsor in this specification. In cases of dis-agreement, the tolerances shall be :t 1.8°F(:t 1°C) and :t 2 percent relative hu-midity.

10.2 Stiffness and Deflection:10.2.1 Test three specimens in ac-

'"

cordance with ASTM D 2412. Deter-

mine the pipe stiffness at 5 percent de-flection and verify that pipe will deflectto 7.5 percent without wall rupture.

10.2.2 Calculate the present verticaldeflection as follows:

Vertical deflection, % =

(~y jNominal ID) x 100

where ~y = vertical deflection of the in-

side diameter as measured by the platetravel of the apparatus. Both ID and ~ymust be in the same units.

10.2.3 Calculate the pipe stiffness at5 percent deflection as follows:

Pipe stiffness (PS) = Fj ~y

where F = load recorded at 5% deflec-tion.

NOTE 7-lf F is expressed in newtonmetres, and ~y in metres, then PS is given inN/m2, if F is expressed in pounds-force/inch,and ~y is in inches, then PS is given in Ib/in./in.

10.3 Acid Conditioning-Com-pletely immerse three 6 in. (150 mm) long

specimens cut from each sample in asuitable vat containing a 5-percent so-lution by weight of sulfuric acid. Allowthe specimen to remain submerged for24 hours. After removal from the acid,wash the specimen with running water,wipe with a clean, dry cloth, conditionfor 2 hours, and then test in accordancewith Section 10.2 within 30 minutes.

10.4 Joint Tightness:10.4.1 Solvent Cement Joints-As-

semble joints by first applying a coat ofprimer to the inside of the socket and tothe outside of the spigot end of pipe.Without delay, apply a coating of ce-ment to the same surfaces in sufficient

quantity that when the spigot is fully in-serted into the socket, a bead of excesscement will form around the completecircumference of the outside juncture ofthe spigot and socket. Remove the ex-cess cement and allow the assembly tocure for 24 hours. Seal all open ends byany convenient method and apply an in-ternal hydrostatic head of 10 psi (70 kPa)to the assembly for I hour. Observe evi-dence of any leakage. Leakage throughthe inert filler shall not be considered

reason for rejection.10.4.2 Gasket Joints-The assem-

bled joints shall meet the requirementsof ASTM D 3212.

10.5 Extrusion Quality-Test shallbe run in accordance with ASTM D 2152.

This procedure is used for determiningthe extrusion quality of extruded PVCplastic pipe as indicated by reaction toimmersion in anhydrous acetone. It isapplicable only for distinguishing be-tween unfused and properly fused PVC.

10.6 Dimensions:10.6.1 Dimensions-Measure the

average outside diameter by use of a cir-cumferential wrap tap, out-of-roundnessfor maximum diameter, inside diame-ters, length, straightness, coupling andfitting thickness, and socket dimensionsin accordance with ASTM D 2122.

10.6.2 Concentric Tube Thick-

ness-Measure the average inner andouter concentric thermoplastic tubethickness in accordance with ASTMD 2122. Remove the other componentprior to measurement in a manner so asto obtain clean surfaces.

10.6.3 End Squareness-Determinethe pipe end squareness by placing a rightangle square against the pipe outside atthe pipe end and determine to the nearest

Minimum Inside Minimal Thickness

Nominal Nominal Length Socket Diameter at Socket Stop

Size, in. in. (mm) in. (mm) in. (mm)

4A 13/4 (44) 4.20 (107) 0.165 (4.19)6A 21jz (64) 6.26 (159) 0.195 (4.95)6 5 (127) 6.76 (172) 0.175 (4.45)8 51jz (140) 9.36 (238) 0.180 (4.57)

10 6 (152) 11.69 (297) 0.190 (4.83)12 63/4 (172) 14.00 (356) 0.220 (5.59)15 8 (200) 17.54 (446) 0.225 (6.48)

A Saddlestubs.

TABLE 5 Wall Thickness of Molded FittingS"'

Wall Minimum Wall Thickness, in. (mm)D

ThicknessB 6 (152) 8 (203) 10 (254) 12 (305) 15 (381)

t, 0.140 (3.56) 0.160 (4.06) 0.160 (4.06) 0.160(4.06) 0.160(4.06)t, - 0.270 (6.86)

c c c

t, 0.230 (5.84) - c c c

t,c 0.180 (4.57) c c c

618 SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS M264

TABLE 6 Minimum Laying Length Dimensions, in. (mm)

Minimum Laying Length Dimensions, in. (mm)

in.

G,G,G2

G2

G3

G3

G3

G4

G4

G,G,G6G6G7G7G.G.H,H,H2H;N, 6 stubAN, 4 stubA - 1/4 (6)

AReducing bushing is for 8" to 6" (203 to 152 mm) or 6" to 4" (152 to 102 mm). Reducers for other reductions are from 10" (254 mm), 12" (305 mm) or 15"(381 mm).

4 stub6 stub4 stub6 stub

deg

90904545

345909090909045454545454545909045

6 stub

6 stub

6 stub

6 stub

6 stub

0.01 in. (0.25 mm) the maximum gap tothe inside edge of the tool ann.

11. INSPECTION

11.1 Inspection of the material shallbe made as agreed upon by the purchaserand the seller as part of the purchasecontract.

12. RETEST AND REJECTION

12.1 If any failure occurs, the ma-terials may be retested to establish con-formity to this specification in accor-dance with agreement between thepurchaser and the seller.

13. CERTIFICATION

13.1 When agreed upon in writingby the purchaser and the producer, a cer-

6 in. (152) 8 in. (203)

47/8 (123)43116(106)9% (244)87/8(225)3/8(9)21/4(57)

10 in. (254)

57/8 (149)5% (142)1115116(303)

1111116(296)]/8 (3)

12 (304)

J61/4 (412)

13 (330)

4% (117)

61/8 (155)

47/8 (123)

41116(103)

3]/8 (79)

111/2 (292)

87/8 (225)

I II/2 (292)

103/8 (263)

JI/4 (31)

3/8 (9)

9 (228)

131/4 (336)

13 (330)

21 (533)

21 (533)

12 (304)J61/4(412)13 (330)9 (228)

]/4 (6)

tification shall be made on the basis ofacceptance of material. This shall con-sist of a copy of the manufacturer's testreport or a statement by the producer thatthe material has been sampled, tested,and inspected in accordance with theprovisions of this specification. Eachcertification, so furnished, shall be signedby an authorized agent of the seller orthe manufacturer.

14. PRODUCT MARKING

14.1 Quality Assurance-When the

product is marked with this designationAASHTO M 264 or ASTM D 2680, themanufacturer sampled, and tested in ac-cordance with this specification and hasbeen found to meet the requirements ofthis specification.

14.2 Quality ofMarking-Themarkings shall be applied to the pipe andfittings in such a manner that the letteringshall be legible and permanent under nor-mal conditions of handling and storage.

12 in.

(305)

69116(167)65116(160)13% (346)133/8(339)3116(4)12 (304)161/4(412)14 (355)

15 in. (381)

87/8 (225)

85116(211)

163116(411)

15]5116(404)

1/4 (6)

12 (304)

207116 (519)

16 (406)

14 (355) 16 (406)

227/8 (581) 23]/2 (596)

227/8 (581) 28]/2 (723)

12 (304)161/4(412)14 (355)107/8(276)

12 (304)207116(519)16 (406)121/2(318)

14.3 Pipe, in compliance with thisspecification, shall' be marked on thebarrel at intervals not exceeding 5 ft(1.5 m) in letters not less than 3/8 in.(9.3 mm) in height with the following:

14.3.1 Manufacturer's name, trade-name, or trademark,

14.3.2 Nominal pipe size,14.3.3 This designation, AASHTO

M 264 or ASTM D 2680,14.3.4 Type of plastic" ABS

composite pipe" or "PVC compositepipe", and

14.3.5 Extrusion code, including dateand location of manufacture.

14.4 Fittings, in compliance with thisspecification, shall be marked with thefollowing:

14.4.1 Manufacturer's name, trade-name, or trademark.

14.4.2 Nominal size,14.4.3 This designation, "AASHTO

M 264" or "ASTM D 2680", and14.4.4 Material designation "ABS"

or "PVC".

M264 SPECIFIC AnONS FOR MATERIALS 619

APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

XI. UNDERGROUNDINST ALLA TION

Xl.I ASTM D 2321 is recom-mended as a guide for installing this pipe.

The maximum size of particles used inthe materials around the pipe may be40 mm (11/2 in.) without impairing theeffectiveness of the installation. Soilcontaining frozen earth, debris, or rockslarger than P/2 in., diameter and soilsidentified in the United Soil Classifica-tion System as MH, CH, OL, OH, andPT should not be used as bedding,haunching, or initial backfill. Soil typesML and CL require care in placement toensure full pipe peripheral contact.

X1.2 The procedures for placing and

compacting the bedding, haunching, andinitial backfill materials shall be as de-scribed in the specification, except whenusing the allowable soils in Classes II,III, and IV. The haunching and initialbackfilling for these soils shall be placedcompletely under the pipe haunches andup each side in uniform layers not ex-ceeding 150 mm (6 in.) in depth, witheach layer carefully and uniformlytamped. The minimum cover for wheelor hydrohammer loads is 600 mm (24in.).