A Water Budget Closure System to Support LBAA Water Budget Closure System to Support LBAHydrometeorology and Ecology Studies ProjectHydrometeorology and Ecology Studies Project

Charles J. VörösmartyCharles J. VörösmartyUniversity of New HampshireUniversity of New Hampshire

Scientific objective:Scientific objective: To establish a water budget closure system for To establish a water budget closure system for computing high-resolution water balance elements in support of the LBA computing high-resolution water balance elements in support of the LBA campaign. The system will integrate several existing scientific tools campaign. The system will integrate several existing scientific tools including algorithms that produce high-resolution climatology fields, including algorithms that produce high-resolution climatology fields, water balance and river transport models, and a recently-established water balance and river transport models, and a recently-established GIS-based WWW-site that serves as a data repository for participating GIS-based WWW-site that serves as a data repository for participating hydrometeorological agencies in South America, Central America, and hydrometeorological agencies in South America, Central America, and the Caribbean (R-HydroNET v1.0).the Caribbean (R-HydroNET v1.0).

Specific steps:Specific steps:The work will be organized around a set of supporting tasks:The work will be organized around a set of supporting tasks:• develop a coherent software system to error-check, visualize, and develop a coherent software system to error-check, visualize, and assimilate hydrometeorological data sets;assimilate hydrometeorological data sets;• assimilate all relevant hydrometeorological data sets;assimilate all relevant hydrometeorological data sets;• combine these data sets with models that compute key elements of combine these data sets with models that compute key elements of the land-based water cycle of the Amazon basin;the land-based water cycle of the Amazon basin;• validate results and identify existing gaps in our quantitative validate results and identify existing gaps in our quantitative understanding of water cycle elements across Amazonia; andunderstanding of water cycle elements across Amazonia; and• archive at the LBA-DIS and R-HydroNET the associated data sets for archive at the LBA-DIS and R-HydroNET the associated data sets for distribution to the research community.distribution to the research community.

Brazilian Collaborators: Brazilian Collaborators: Jose Marengo (CPTEC).Jose Marengo (CPTEC).

Influence of land surface processes/land cover changes Influence of land surface processes/land cover changes in Amazon on regional hydrometeorologyin Amazon on regional hydrometeorology

Yongqang XueYongqang XueUniversity of California at Los AngelesUniversity of California at Los Angeles

Scientific objective:Scientific objective: To investigate the hydrometeorological prediction in To investigate the hydrometeorological prediction in the Amazon Basin at seasonal to interannual time scales and the effects the Amazon Basin at seasonal to interannual time scales and the effects of deforestation on the annual cycle of convective activity. Specifically, of deforestation on the annual cycle of convective activity. Specifically, to improve the land surface components in a coupled regional model to improve the land surface components in a coupled regional model and evaluate its impact on the prediction.and evaluate its impact on the prediction.

Method:Method: Use the regional Eta model coupled with SSiB. Use the regional Eta model coupled with SSiB.

Specific steps:Specific steps:• Investigate the role of land surface processes in simulating the annual Investigate the role of land surface processes in simulating the annual hydrologic cycle by conduct 12 month integrations with climatological hydrologic cycle by conduct 12 month integrations with climatological sea surface temperature (SST) data as surface boundary conditions over sea surface temperature (SST) data as surface boundary conditions over the ocean;the ocean;• Evaluate the impact of land cover/land cover change on the South Evaluate the impact of land cover/land cover change on the South American hydroclimatology using satellite data for experimental designs American hydroclimatology using satellite data for experimental designs in deforestation scenarios;in deforestation scenarios;• Evaluate the sensitivity of model simulations to parameterizations in Evaluate the sensitivity of model simulations to parameterizations in the hydrologic processes which include soil hydrology, stomatal the hydrologic processes which include soil hydrology, stomatal resistance, and convective scheme.resistance, and convective scheme.

Brazilian Collaborators:Brazilian Collaborators:Chou Sin Chan, Clemente A. Tanajura, and Javier Tomasella (CPTEC).Chou Sin Chan, Clemente A. Tanajura, and Javier Tomasella (CPTEC).

A CPTEC one-month forecast for November 1997. The general A CPTEC one-month forecast for November 1997. The general pattern of the forecast precipitation is comparable with the pattern of the forecast precipitation is comparable with the observations, however a dry bias can be identified over Northeast observations, however a dry bias can be identified over Northeast Brazil and the Northern coast.Brazil and the Northern coast.

The Impacts of Land-Use/Land-Cover in Amazonia onThe Impacts of Land-Use/Land-Cover in Amazonia onHydrometeorological Processes at Different Spatial and Temporal Hydrometeorological Processes at Different Spatial and Temporal

ScalesScalesRoni AvissarRoni Avissar

Rutgers UniversityRutgers University

The ultimate goalThe ultimate goal of this study is to better understand and quantify of this study is to better understand and quantify the impacts of land-use/land-cover change in Amazonia on the impacts of land-use/land-cover change in Amazonia on hydrometeorological prediction at (and up to) the seasonal-to-hydrometeorological prediction at (and up to) the seasonal-to-interannual time scale (do interannual time scale (do teleconnectionsteleconnections exist between Amazonia exist between Amazonia and the rest of the world?)and the rest of the world?)

The Impacts of Land-Use/Land-Cover in Amazonia onThe Impacts of Land-Use/Land-Cover in Amazonia onHydrometeorological Processes at Different Spatial and Temporal Hydrometeorological Processes at Different Spatial and Temporal

ScalesScalesRoni AvissarRoni Avissar

Rutgers UniversityRutgers University

The ultimate goalThe ultimate goal of this study is to better understand and quantify of this study is to better understand and quantify the impacts of land-use/land-cover change in Amazonia on the impacts of land-use/land-cover change in Amazonia on hydrometeorological prediction at (and up to) the seasonal-to-hydrometeorological prediction at (and up to) the seasonal-to-interannual time scale (do interannual time scale (do teleconnectionsteleconnections exist between Amazonia exist between Amazonia and the rest of the world?)and the rest of the world?)

Methodology:Methodology: Use a numerical model with a telescoping capability Use a numerical model with a telescoping capability (two-way nesting) to bridge the gap between the scale of convection (two-way nesting) to bridge the gap between the scale of convection (1-2 km) and the global scale, and produce different scenarios of (1-2 km) and the global scale, and produce different scenarios of deforestationdeforestation

The Impacts of Land-Use/Land-Cover in Amazonia onThe Impacts of Land-Use/Land-Cover in Amazonia onHydrometeorological Processes at Different Spatial and Temporal Hydrometeorological Processes at Different Spatial and Temporal

ScalesScalesRoni AvissarRoni Avissar

Rutgers UniversityRutgers University

The ultimate goalThe ultimate goal of this study is to better understand and quantify of this study is to better understand and quantify the impacts of land-use/land-cover change in Amazonia on the impacts of land-use/land-cover change in Amazonia on hydrometeorological prediction at (and up to) the seasonal-to-hydrometeorological prediction at (and up to) the seasonal-to-interannual time scale (do interannual time scale (do teleconnectionsteleconnections exist between Amazonia exist between Amazonia and the rest of the world?)and the rest of the world?)

Methodology:Methodology: Use a numerical model with a telescoping capability Use a numerical model with a telescoping capability (two-way nesting) to bridge the gap between the scale of convection (two-way nesting) to bridge the gap between the scale of convection (1-2 km) and the global scale, and produce different scenarios of (1-2 km) and the global scale, and produce different scenarios of deforestationdeforestation Evaluate ClimRAMS (at convective scale) over RondoniaEvaluate ClimRAMS (at convective scale) over Rondonia

The Impacts of Land-Use/Land-Cover in Amazonia onThe Impacts of Land-Use/Land-Cover in Amazonia onHydrometeorological Processes at Different Spatial and Temporal Hydrometeorological Processes at Different Spatial and Temporal

ScalesScalesRoni AvissarRoni Avissar

Rutgers UniversityRutgers University

The ultimate goalThe ultimate goal of this study is to better understand and quantify of this study is to better understand and quantify the impacts of land-use/land-cover change in Amazonia on the impacts of land-use/land-cover change in Amazonia on hydrometeorological prediction at (and up to) the seasonal-to-hydrometeorological prediction at (and up to) the seasonal-to-interannual time scale. Do interannual time scale. Do teleconnectionsteleconnections exist between Amazonia exist between Amazonia and the rest of the planetand the rest of the planet

Methodology:Methodology: Use a numerical model with a telescoping capability Use a numerical model with a telescoping capability (two-way nesting) to bridge the gap between the scale of convection (two-way nesting) to bridge the gap between the scale of convection (1-2 km) and the global scale, and produce different scenarios of (1-2 km) and the global scale, and produce different scenarios of deforestationdeforestation Evaluate ClimRAMS (at convective scale) over RondoniaEvaluate ClimRAMS (at convective scale) over Rondonia Production and analysis of various scenarios, including a realistic, current Production and analysis of various scenarios, including a realistic, current

deforestation, a full deforestation, and a pristine forest in Amazoniadeforestation, a full deforestation, and a pristine forest in Amazonia Brazilian Collaboration:Brazilian Collaboration: Maria Assuncao and Pedro Silva Dias Maria Assuncao and Pedro Silva Dias

(University of Sao Paulo)(University of Sao Paulo)

NASA Hydrometeorology Team in the LBANASA Hydrometeorology Team in the LBA

Avissar, Roni (Chair)Avissar, Roni (Chair), Rutgers University, ", Rutgers University, "The Impacts of Land-Use/Land-Cover The Impacts of Land-Use/Land-Cover in Amazonia on Hydrometeorological Processes at Different Spatial and Temporal in Amazonia on Hydrometeorological Processes at Different Spatial and Temporal ScalesScales""

Betts, Alan K.Betts, Alan K., Atmospheric Research, ", Atmospheric Research, "LBA Land-Surface Atmosphere Studies LBA Land-Surface Atmosphere Studies Directed to Forecast Model ImprovementDirected to Forecast Model Improvement""

Birkett, Charon M.Birkett, Charon M., Goddard Space Flight Center, ", Goddard Space Flight Center, "Altimetric Remote Sensing of Altimetric Remote Sensing of the Amazon: Contribution to Surface Water Dynamicsthe Amazon: Contribution to Surface Water Dynamics""

Dirmeyer, Paul A.Dirmeyer, Paul A., Institute of Global Environment and Society, ", Institute of Global Environment and Society, "Coupled High-Coupled High-Resolution Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Simulation of Seasonal-Interannual Climate Resolution Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Simulation of Seasonal-Interannual Climate Variability over AmazoniaVariability over Amazonia""

Dunne, ThomasDunne, Thomas, University of California Santa Barbara, ", University of California Santa Barbara, "Mesoscale Effects of Mesoscale Effects of Climate and Land-Cover Change on River-Basin Hydrology in AmazoniaClimate and Land-Cover Change on River-Basin Hydrology in Amazonia””

Ferreira, Rosana N.Ferreira, Rosana N., Goddard Space Flight Center, ", Goddard Space Flight Center, "Role of Land-Surface Role of Land-Surface Processes and Regional and Global Interactions in the Seasonal to Interannual Processes and Regional and Global Interactions in the Seasonal to Interannual Variability of the Atmosphere in the Amazon Region Variability of the Atmosphere in the Amazon Region ""

Pinker, Rachel T.Pinker, Rachel T., University of Maryland College Park, ", University of Maryland College Park, "Surface Radiation Surface Radiation Budgets for LBA Budgets for LBA ""

Shuttleworth, James W.Shuttleworth, James W., University of Arizona, ", University of Arizona, "Influences of Subgrid-Scale Influences of Subgrid-Scale Heterogeneity on Remotely Sensed Estimates of the Amazonian Surface Energy Heterogeneity on Remotely Sensed Estimates of the Amazonian Surface Energy BalanceBalance""

Vicente, Gilberto A.Vicente, Gilberto A., NOAA/NESDIS, ", NOAA/NESDIS, "High Resolution, Multi-Spectral, Automatic High Resolution, Multi-Spectral, Automatic Satellite Rainfall Estimation over Amazonia in Real Time Satellite Rainfall Estimation over Amazonia in Real Time ""

Vorosmarty, Charles J.Vorosmarty, Charles J., University of New Hampshire, ", University of New Hampshire, "A Water Budget Closure A Water Budget Closure System to Support LBA Hydrometeorology and Ecology StudiesSystem to Support LBA Hydrometeorology and Ecology Studies""

Xue, YongkangXue, Yongkang, University of Maryland College Park, ", University of Maryland College Park, "Influence of Land Surface Influence of Land Surface Processes/Land Cover Changes in Amazon on Regional HydrometeorologyProcesses/Land Cover Changes in Amazon on Regional Hydrometeorology""