A STUDY ON LABOUR SAFETY AND HEALTH MEASURES IN DEVI SPINNING MILLS PVT. LTD., MUTHULAPURAM, THOOTHUKUDI

1

CHAPTER I

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Safety in simple terms means freedom from the occurrence or risk of injury or loss.

Industrial safety or employee safety refers to the protection of workers from the danger of

industrial accidents. In todays competitive world many organization are adopting advance

technology. It has both merits and demerits. Increasing technologies involves high risk,

where the question of safety arises. The life of industrial worker is full of risk. Every year

lakes of employees are injured in factories, mines etc., the main reasons for such activities are

due to either unsafe act or unsafe condition. Today employers are obligated to give their

employees a safe and secured work environment. The main purpose of effective safety

program in organizations is to prevent work related injuries and accidents. The modern safety

movement started around 1912 with the first cooperative Safety Congress and the

organization of the National Safety Council in U.S.A. Safety is prior to security. According to

this concept, the present Factories Act ensures several safety measures.

The importance of industrial safety was realized because every year millions of

industrial accidents occur which result in either death or temporary and permanent

disablement of the employees and involve a good amount of cost such as resulting from

waste man-hours, machine hours, etc. Safety s primarily the responsibility of the

management. This responsibility should rest on the shoulder of all cadres of management

such as production manager, personnel manager, maintenance engineer, safety officer. Every

organization should formulate and implement a safety procedure. Safety in industry helps to

Increase the rate of production, Reduce the production cost, Reduce the damage to equipment

and machinery, Prevent the premature death of talented workers who are an asset to the

society, Prevent the needless pain and suffering to the employees. Industrial safety saves

costs, improves productivity, develops morale, Safety is a legal requirement.

Safety measures result in improving the conditions under which workers are

employed and work. It improves not only their physical efficiency, but also provides

protection to their life and limb. Inadequate provision of safety measures in factories may

lead to increase in the number of accidents. Human failure due to carelessness, ignorance,

inadequate skill, and improper supervision have also contributed to accidents, and the

consequent need for safety measures.

2

Other factors giving rise to the need for safety measures are:

rapid industrialization with its complexities in manufacturing process and

layout;

expansion or modifications in existing factories;

setting up of new industries involving hazards not known earlier;

lack of safety consciousness on the part of both workers and management;

- inadequate realisation of the financial implications of accidents.

Safety measures which are provided in the Factories Act, 1948, are considered to be

minimum in terms of adequacy. Such measures are required to be effectively implemented. In

addition to implementing safety measures provided in the Factories Act, there is also need for

providing training in safety to workers, and installing safety equipment in the factories.

Employers should take the initiative in providing training in safety to employees. Workers

unions should take interest in safety promotion. Periodic training courses in accident

prevention can be organised. Safety should become a habit with employers and the workers

alike.

The efficient working process needs sound health of the persons engaged therein.

Unless the workers are physically and mentally healthy they cannot perform their duties

effectively and smoothly. Therefore, medical care and health facilities for industrial workers

form and integral part of labour welfare programme in all the countries of the world. Medical

facilities for workers and their families in the form of suitably equipped first aid centers,

ambulance rooms, dispensaries, for the treatment of diseases like TB, cancer, leprosy, mental

disease, etc.

The need for the study arises from the very nature of the industrial system, which is

characterized by two basic factors; one, the conditions under which work is carried on are not

congenial for health; and second, when a labourer joins an industry, he has to work in an

entirely strange atmosphere, which create problems of adjustment.

The working environment in a factory adversely affects the workers health because

of the excessive heat or cold, noise, odors, fumes, dust and lack of sanitation and pure air etc.,

lead to occupational hazards. These must be held in check by providing ameliorative services,

protective devices and compensatory benefits following accident or injury or disablement.

When a worker, who is in fact a ruralite, comes to work in a factory, he has to work

and live in unhealthy, congested factories and slum areas, with no outdoor recreation

facilities. To escape from the trying conditions of his tedious and tiresome job, he absents

3

himself, becomes irregular and often undisciplined. Hence the need for providing welfare

service arises.

In the conditions of work and life of the employees, whatever leads to increasing

adaptation of the worker to this job, and whatever makes him fully contented, lessens his

desire or need to leave the factory for a time and lighten for him the burden of this social

invasion of the factory.

1.2 COMPANY PROFILE

Devi Spinning Mills Private Limited is a Private Company incorporated on 11 March

2011. It is classified as Indian Non-Government Company and is registered at Registrar of

Companies. Its authorized share capital is Rs. 10,000,000 and its paid up capital is Rs.

9,990,000. Devi Spinning Mills Private Limited's Annual General Meeting (AGM) was last

held on 30 September 2013 and as per records from Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), its

balance sheet was last filed on 31 March 2013.

This Devi Spinning Mills Private Limited is having all the infrastructure facilities like

experienced Directors, staff, finance and technical personnel to handle and execute any new

project, expansion and modernisation of any magnitude.

Further the top level management is assisted by well qualified and experienced senior

staff members in administration, finance, production, quality control, marketing, labour

management etc.

1.3 INDUSTRY PROFILE

Cotton is the most famed material in the textile industry in India and the cotton

textiles are considered amongst the oldest industries in India. In the early eighteenth century,

the export of cotton textiles to the European countries revolutionized the textile industry and

agriculture in India. Cotton textiles can be traced back to the times of Indus Valley

Civilization, when cotton fabrics of India were in great demand even in the countries of

Europe and West Asia. It used to be a cottage or village industry during those times. The

spinning wheel was the only machine, simple but exceedingly inventive. The modern textile

industry in India first began at Fort Gloster near Kolkata in early 19th century. But it in

reality made a head start in Mumbai in the year 1854 when a cotton textile mill was set up

there exclusively out of Indian funds.

There are several worth mentioning features of the cotton textile industry in India. It

is based on indigenous raw materials. Research shows that in between 1995 and 1996, this

4

textile industry provided employment to over 64 million persons, next only to agriculture.

Thus cotton textile industry is exceedingly meaningful for a country like India, because it is a

labour-intensive industry. It alone accounts for near about four percent of the gross domestic

product. More prominently, it is responsible for 20 percent of the manufacturing value

addition. Lately, it has been bringing home one-third of India`s total export earnings.

The cotton textile industry in India provides livelihood to farmers, and workers who

are engaged in singeing, spinning, weaving, bleaching, dying, scouring, designing and

packaging, and also sewing and tailoring. It is India`s one of the most traditional and

esteemed industry. More importantly, the industry strikes a rational balance between tradition

and modernity. While the spinning occupation is rather centralised, weaving is exceedingly

decentralised, providing scope for traditional skills of craftsmen in cotton, silk, zari,

embroidery and so on. The hand spun and hand woven Khadi holds back the ancient tradition

of providing large scale employment. Cotton textile industry in India has all along prospered

on its own funds. On the other hand, the country possesses the most contemporary capital

intensive and high speed mill-produced cloth with a huge market both at home as well as

abroad.

The fabrics are basically produced in three sectors - Mills, Power looms and

Handlooms. Together they account for around 98.5 percent of the fabrics produced in the

country. The Mill sector accounts for only 5.2 percent of the total fabrics produced in the

country, whereas Power looms and Handlooms are responsible for nearly 73 percent and 20.3

percent respectively. For example, the whole sari sector is earmarked for handloom and

power loom sectors. The latter also produces hosiery on a vast scale, by and large for export

purposes. India also exports quality yarn to Japan and other European economic

communities.

In India cotton textiles production is basically located in Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu

and provinces of Gujarat. Interestingly, several government programmes have sustained

cotton textile industries in almost all the states in the country. In the country, because of

irrigation restrictions, cotton textile productions are heavily dependent on monsoon season.

Further, in 1997 and 1998 the country had produced 37.4 billion metres of fabrics. Now the

proportion between natural and human-made fibre is almost equal. The important centres of

cotton textiles industry comprise Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Coimbatore, Madurai, Indore, Nagpi,

Sholapur, Kolkata, Kanpur, Delhi and Hyderabad.

The cotton textile industry has implementing numerous techniques and measures to

supply eco-friendly products, which are of superior quality, to the world market. In India, use

5

of non-hazardous colours and dyes has come into use for manufacturing textiles. Moreover,

prohibited and banned resources have been barred from being used. India is yet to exploit its

enormous potential to manufacture classic cotton fabrics, for which there is enormous

demand in the upper social classes of the industrialised countries of the globe.

A cotton mill is a factory that houses spinning and weaving machinery, typically built

between 1775 and 1930. Cotton was an important product during the Industrial Revolution.

Cotton mills, and the mechanisation of the spinning process, were instrumental in the

growth of the machine tool industry, enabling the construction of larger cotton mills. The

requirement for water helped stimulate the construction of the canal system, and the need for

power the development of steam engines. Limited companies were developed to construct the

mills, which led to the trading floors of the cotton exchange of Manchester, creating a vast

commercial city. The mills also generated employment and drew workers from largely rural

areas, leading to the expansion of local urban populations and the consequent need for

additional housing. In response, mill towns with municipal governments were created. The

mills provided independent incomes for girls and women. Child labour was used in the mills,

and the factory system led to organised labour. Poor conditions in cotton mills became the

subject of exposs, and in England, the Factory Acts were written to regulate them. The

cotton mill was originally a Lancashire phenomenon that then was copied in New England

and later in the southern states of America. In the 20th century, North West England lost its

supremacy to the United States, then India and then China. In the 21st century, redundant

mills have been accepted as part of a country's industrial heritage.

Cotton is the world's most important natural fibre. In 2007, the global yield was 25

million tons from 35 million hectares cultivated in more than 50 countries.

The English cotton mill, which emerged as an entity in 1771, went through many

changes before the last one was constructed in 1929. It had a worldwide influence on the

design of mills, and changed over time. The architectural development of the cotton mill was

linked to the development of the machinery which it contained, the power unit that drove it,

and the financial instruments used for its construction. In Lancashire, England, the industry

was horizontally integrated, with carding and spinning only in southeast Lancashire, whereas

weaving was more evenly spread but more concentrated to the north and west of the county.

In the USA in Pennsylvania, the process was mostly vertically integrated and led to combined

mills where carding, spinning and weaving took place in the same mill. Mills were also used

for finishing such as bleaching and printing.

6

The early mills were narrow and low in height, of light construction, powered water

wheels and containing small machines. Interior lighting was by daylight, and ceiling height

was only 68 ft. Masson Mill in Derbyshire is a good example of an early mill. Mills were

made by millwrights, builders and iron founders. These Arkwright-type mills are about 9 feet

(2.7 m) wide. Spinning was done with a spinning mule, which was not restricted by patent, so

many engineers experimented with improvements which they then tested in their own

establishments. These men became the successful mill owners.

In the United States, the early horse-powered Beverly Cotton Manufactory was

designed and pioneered by Thomas Somers, who started innovative construction and testing

of the facility in 1787, finishing the factory's equipment in 1788. Research and development

learned from this factory led Moses Brown of Providence to request the assistance of a

person skilled in water spinning. Samuel Slater, an immigrant and trained textile worker from

England, accepted Brown's proposal, and assisted the design of the construction of Slater

Mill, built in 1790 on the Blackstone River in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Slater managed to

evade restrictions on emigrations which were put in place to allow England to maintain its

monopoly on cotton mills. Slater Mill resembled both the Beverly Cotton Manufactory, and a

mill in Derbyshire that he had worked in the earliest cotton mills were driven by water, so

needed to be situated on fast flowing streams. The labour force, in the main had carding,

spinning and weaving skills acquired by working with wool. The earliest mills were adjacent

to streams flowing off the open west facing moors where the rainfall was the highest. As

capacity grew, navigable waterways were needed to bring in the raw materials and take away

the finished yarn or cloth. Rivers were canalised and a network of canals was dug to penetrate

further into the hills to service the mills.

From about 1820, the stationary steam engine became the normal form of power for a

cotton mill, water was still needed to produce the steam and to condense it, to maintain the

humidity, for many of the finishing processes and for firefighting. The water was extracted

from rivers and canals, then later mills requiring ever more water, built and maintained their

own reservoirs. Mills were built away from the hills, and clustered around watercourses,

developing into mill towns. Mills were also used for wet finishing processes such as

bleaching, dyeing and printing- these were very water intensive.

A cotton mill was not a healthy place to work. The air in the mill had to be hot and

humid to prevent the thread from breaking. 65 F to 80 F and 85% humidity was normal. The

air in the mill was thick with cotton dust, which could lead to byssinosis a lung disease.

Protective masks were introduced after the war, but few workers wore them as they made

7

them uncomfortable in the stifling conditions. The same applied to ear protectors. The air led

to skin infections, eye infections, bronchitus and tuberculosis. The noise levels in a weaving

shop, where the shuttles in 500 plus looms were being thumped 200 times a minute led to

levels of deafness in all who worked there. The lubrication was carcinogenic and led to

cancers of the mouth and cancer of the scrotum; known as mule-spinners cancer.

A mill worker could expect to work a thirteen-hour day, six days a week with two

weeks off for the wakes week holidays in summer. Unsurprisingly, a series of Factory Acts

were passed to attempt to ameliorate these conditions.

In the early days when the cotton towns were expanding rapidly, living conditions for

the workers were poor. Badly planned housing was seriously overcrowded. Open sewers and

shared privies led to diseases such as cholera; Manchester was hit by an epidemic in 1831

that claimed hundreds of lives.

Some early attempts at building cotton mills had been made in the 1740 but all were

unsuccessful and had no influence on the cotton mills as we know them. Paul and Wyatt had

a patent for a spinning device in 1738, and built a mill to test it.[61]

Three other mills were set

up using the Paul-Wyatt machinery in the following years. Edward Cave in 1742 had set up

250 spindles in a watermill in Northampton. This was the first cotton mill to be driven by

water power. One was set up in Birmingham and one mill was established by Daniel Bourn in

Leominster. It is first mentioned in 1748, when both Bourn and Paul patented machinery for

carding cotton. It burnt down in 1754.

Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around

the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. Under

natural condition, the cotton balls will tend to increase the dispersion of the seeds.

The plant is shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world,

including the Americas, Africa and India.

8

1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objectives of the study are

To study the effectiveness of safety, health measures existing in Devi Spinning Mills

Private Limited.

To assess the steps taken by the management to upgrade safety and health measures.

To analyze the workers satisfaction towards safety and health measures provided.

To ascertain safety programme implemented to ensure the employee health.

To offer suggestions to improve safety and health measures.

9

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The major findings of the study provide the valuable information to the management

with regard to safety and health of the employees. This helps the management to take steps to

secure the employees. On the whole, the study may enable the organization to evaluate its

safety and health of the employees and take suitable steps.

10

1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

Some respondents were less interested in answering the questionnaire, as it was an

interruption to their regular work.

Primary data has been collected using questionnaire, which has the problem of

respondents not given factual information occasionally.

Some of the respondents could not be interviewed on time, as they were not available.

11

1.6 CHAPTERIZATION OF THE STUDY

The first chapter deals with the introduction part of the study.

The second chapter deals with the review of literature.

The third chapter deals with the research methodology of the study.

The fourth chapter deals with analysis and interpretation of the study.

The fifth chapter deals with findings, suggestions and conclusion.

12

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

C. S. Ramanigopal (2012) conclude the company has given maximum effort and

dedication to implement the labour laws and regulations and it has succeeded in

implementing effective safety and health management considering the type of safety and

health problems, accidents, employees and technology in its organizational settings and also

good level of satisfaction among employees regarding healthy and safety has been achieved.

Abdullah, Spickett, Rumchev & Dhaliwal (2007) study on organizational factors on

safety in Taiwan and Japan reported that the influence of organizational factors in both

countries were different due to dissimilar culture. For example, they discovered that

Taiwanese leadership style was Top-Down Directive where top management

communicated safety policies and involved in safety activities while Japanese safety

leadership was more focused on Bottom-Up Participative where top management promoted

employees participation in any safety activities.

New Earth Solutions Group Limited Health, Safety & Welfare Policy, New Earth

Solutions Group Limited (The Company) recognises and accepts its duties as an employer to

ensure the health, safety and welfare at work of all its employees. The Company will ensure

that all reasonably practicable efforts are made to safeguard its employees and also visitors,

contractors and members of the public who may be affected by its activities. The Company

will observe all relevant statutes, regulations and codes of practice and will take appropriate

steps within its authority for the provision and maintenance of plant and equipment that is

safe and without risks to health, arrangements for ensuring safety and absence of risks to

health in relation to the use, handling, storage and transport of articles and substances,

provision of sufficient information, instruction, training and supervision as is necessary to

ensure the health and safety of its employees at work, maintenance of a safe place of work

and provision and maintenance of a safe means of access to it and egress from it, provision

and maintenance of adequate welfare facilities. In order to realise these objectives the

Company shall make available adequate resources to promote best practice in Health and

Safety management.

13

KCCs General Statement of Policy on Health, Safety and Welfare at Work, Kent

County Council recognises and accepts its statutory responsibility to provide safe and healthy

working conditions for employees, clients, and others who use or visit council premises or

may be affected by its activities. The council will also take steps to ensure that its contractors

and partners in service provision conduct their activities in a manner that is safe and without

risk to health. The policy sets out general principles for protecting the health and safety of

employees and others. It explains the management organisation and arrangements for

securing the provision and maintenance of plant, equipment and systems of work that are safe

and without risks to health, arrangements for the safe use, handling, storage and transport of

articles and substances, information, instruction, training and supervision that enables all

employees to avoid risks and contribute to their own safety and health at work, a safe place of

work, with safe means to enter and leave premises, a healthy working environment, adequate

welfare facilities. The remainder of the statement covers the councils strategic approach to

health and safety management in general terms. It is supplemented by directorate health and

safety policy statements that give further detail and recognise this policy as a parent

document.

Workplace health, safety and welfare-A short guide for managers, The Workplace

(Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 cover a wide range of basic health, safety and

welfare issues and apply to most workplaces (with the exception of those workplaces

involving construction work on construction sites, those in or on a ship, or those below

ground at a mine). They are amended by the Quarries Regulations 1999, the Health and

Safety (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2002, the Work at Height Regulations

2005, and the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2007. The health

measures outlined in this section contribute to the general working environment of people in

the workplace. The workplace, and certain equipment, devices and systems should be

maintained in efficient working order (efficient for health, safety and welfare). Such

maintenance is required for mechanical ventilation systems; equipment and devices which

would cause a risk to health, safety or welfare if a fault occurred; and equipment and devices

intended to prevent or reduce hazard. The condition of the buildings needs to be monitored to

ensure that they have appropriate stability and solidity for their use. This includes risks from

the normal running of the work process (eg vibration, floor loadings) and foreseeable risks

(eg fire in a cylinder store).

14

Occupational health and safety policy, HR Wallingford is committed to ensuring the

health, safety and welfare of its employees and of others who may be affected by our research

and specialist consultancy activities in engineering and environmental hydraulics and in the

management of the water environment. We are committed to preventing work-related injuries

and ill health by continually improving our occupational health and safety (OHS)

management and performance by identifying hazards and assessing and controlling (OHS)

risks arising from our work activities setting safety objectives and monitoring and reviewing

our safety performance on a regular basis providing and maintaining a safe and healthy

working environment and workplace with equipment, plant and vehicles that are fit for

purpose and safe to use ensuring articles and substances are safe to use, handle, store and

transport maintaining arrangements for fire and medical emergency response consulting with

our employees on matters affecting their health, safety and welfare ensuring employees are

competent to do their tasks safely by providing adequate information, instruction, supervision

and training investigating all incidences of injury and work-related ill health; and reviewing

this policy at regular intervals to ensure that it remains relevant and appropriate to the nature

and scale of our business. We shall comply with applicable legal requirements and other

requirements to which we subscribe that relate to our identified OHS hazards. The Company

has a duty to protect the health and safety of all visitors to the Company, including

contractors, temporary workers, students, and visiting researchers as well as tenants and any

members of the public who may be affected by our business activities. We will ensure that all

third parties are provided with appropriate information on entering our premises and this

policy will be drawn to the attention of all new employees as part of their induction. The

policy will be available to interested parties via the company internet site. The active

participation and awareness of safety issues by all staff is important for the successful

implementation of this policy. The policy statement is displayed on notice boards and on the

company intranet so that employees and those persons working under our control are aware

of their individual occupational health and safety obligations for their own safety and for the

safety of others. This policy is supported by regularly reviewed instructions, procedures and

organisational arrangements and is applied to all activities carried out by HR Wallingford.

Health, Safety & Welfare Policy, Ensure that all requirements of the Health & Safety at

Work, etc. Act 1974, Regulations & Approved Codes of Practice issued under the Act, and

other relevant Acts and Regulations that apply to the Companys operations are complied

with. Provide the necessary management information and involvement, so far as is reasonably

15

practicable to do so, to achieve the standards laid down in this policy. Maintain up to date

knowledge as necessary; maintain contact with relevant outside bodies, including health &

safety advisory and specialist services; and keep up to date with developments in health &

safety legislation, codes of practice and other technical or guidance material relating to the

Companys operations. Disseminate such information within the Company to employees,

contractors and visitors, as such information affects them. Ensure that all health & safety

factors are taken into account when new and revised systems of operation, storage, materials

handling, etc. are planned and affected. Further, the Company will, when considering the

reorganisation of its operations or new premises from which to conduct its operations, take

account of the necessary health, safety and welfare requirements for that new organisation or

location. Provide all new employees with information on health & safety, welfare, fire

precautions, first aid and medical matters, as appropriate to their operations and locations.

Brian Burke, Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare Legislation; A Public Discussion

Document, Occupational health and safety is one of the most important industrial issues for

our State and for Australia. The misery and pain that injury and disease cause individuals and

their families cannot be measured. In the end the community bears the costs. Earlier this year

delegates to the National Economic Summit resolved that governments, employers and

unions should work together to improve the safety and health of people at work. My

Government has a commitment to passing an Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare Act.

Our policy was adopted last year after the circulation of a "green paper", and launched at a

well-attended seminar held in October. Consistent with our approach to industrial relations

matters, we have engaged in consultation with employers, unions, technical people and

professionals in the area. This document aims to expand and stimulate thinking and debate

about occupational health and safety. Your submissions are needed in order to shape the Act;

not only in the way it is written, but in the way it will operate and meet its objectives.

16

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 INTRODUCTION

Business research is of recent origin and is largely supported by business

organizations that hope to achieve competitive advantages. Research methodology lays down

the various steps that are generally adopted by a researcher in studying the problem.

Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problems. It may

be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically. It includes the

overall research design, the sampling procedure, data collection method and analysis

procedure.

3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN

A research design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis of data

in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research purpose with economy in

procedure. The research design is the conceptual structure within which research is

conducted. It constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement and analysis of data.

Descriptive research

Descriptive research studies are those studies which are concerned with describing the

characteristics of a particular individual, or of a group.

Sampling Design/Techniques

Sampling is the process of selecting a sufficient number of elements from the

population, so that a study of the sample and an understanding of its properties or

characteristics would make it possible for us to generalize such properties or characteristics to

the population elements.

Sampling design is to clearly define set of objects, technically called the universe to

be studied. The sampling design used in this study is probability sampling. Sampling

technique used is convenience sampling.

17

Sample size

The concern, which is considered for this study, is around Devi Spinning Mills

Private Limited. 200 workers are working in this concern. The sample taken for the study

is 82.

3.3 DATA COLLECTION METHODS

While deciding about the method of data collection for the study the researcher should

keep in mind the two types of data collection.

Data Used For Analysis

Chi square

Anova

T Test

Correlation

Weighted average

Primary Data

The primary datas are those, which are collected afresh and for the first time and thus

happen to be original in character.

With help of the structured questionnaire, personally administered interview

technique has been used for the collection of Primary data from the respondents.

Secondary Data

The secondary datas are those which have already been collected by someone else

and which already have been passed through the statistical process. The secondary data has

been collected from the company records, journals and various websites.

18

CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1 ANALYSIS

Analysis is the process of placing the data in the ordered form, combining them with

the existing information and extracting the meaning from them. The raw data becomes

information only when they are analyzed and when put in a meaningful form.

4.2 INTERPRETATION

Interpretation is the process of relating various bits of information to other existing

information. Interpretation attempts to answer, What relationship exists between the findings

to the research objectives and hypothesis framed for the study in the beginning.

19

Table 4.1

GENDER WISE CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS

S. No.

Gender

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Male 62 75.6

2 Female 20 24.4

Total 82 100

Source: Primary data

20

Chart 4.1

GENDER WISE CLASSIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 75.6 per cent of the respondents belongs to

male and 24.4 per cent of the respondents are female. It is evident from table that majority of

the respondents are male.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Male Female

Percentage

21

Table 4.2

CLASSIFICATION OF AGE WISE OF RESPONDENTS

S. No.

Age

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 25-35 46 56.1

2 35-45 12 14.6

3 45-55 24 29.3

Total

82

100


22

Chart 4.2

CLASSIFICATION OF AGE WISE OF RESPONDENTS

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 56.1 per cent of the respondents are in the

age group of 25 to 35 years, 29.3 per cent of the respondents are in the age group of 45 to 55

years and the remaining 14.6 per cent of the respondents are in the age group of 35 to 45

years.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

25-35 35-45 45-55

56.1

14.6

29.3

23

Table 4.3

CLASSIFICATION ON THE MARITAL STATUS OF RESPONDENTS

S. No.

Marital Status

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Married 72 87.8

2 Unmarried 10 12.2

Total 82 100


24

Chart 4.3

CLASSIFICATION ON THE MARITAL STATUS OF RESPONDENTS

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 87.8 per cent of the respondents are married

and the remaining 12.2 per cent of the respondents are unmarried. It is inferred from table

that majority of the respondents are married.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Married Unmarried

87.8

12.2

25

Table 4.4

CLASSIFICATION ON EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS

S. No.

Educational qualification

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Primary school level 7 8.5

2 Secondary school 23 28

3 HSC 15 18.3

4 Graduate 37 45.1

Total 82 100


26

Chart 4.4

CLASSIFICATION ON EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 45.1 per cent of the respondents are

graduates, 28 per cent of the respondents are secondary school educational qualification, 18.3

per cent of the respondents are HSC educational qualification and the remaining 8.5 per cent

of the respondents are primary school level educational qualification. It is inferred from table

that majority of the respondents are graduates.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Primary school level

Secondary school HSC Graduate

8.5

28

18.3

45.1

27

Table 4.5

CLASSIFICATION ON MONTHLY INCOME OF RESPONDENTS

S. No.

Monthly income

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Below Rs.3000 3 3.7

2 Rs.3000-6000 47 57.3

3 Rs.6000-9000 11 13.4

4 Rs.9000-12000 21 25.6

Total 82 100


28

Chart 4.5

CLASSIFICATION ON MONTHLY INCOME OF RESPONDENTS

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 57.3 per cent of the respondents are earning

monthly income of Rs.3000-6000, 25.6 per cent of the respondents are earning monthly

income of Rs.9000-12000, 13.4 per cent of the respondents are earning monthly income of

Rs.6000-9000 and the remaining 3.7 per cent of the respondents are earning monthly income

of below Rs.3000. It is inferred from table that majority of the respondents are earning

monthly income of Rs.3000-6000.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Below Rs.3000 Rs.3000-6000 Rs.6000-9000 Rs.9000-12000

3.7

57.3

13.4

25.6

29

Table 4.6

CLASSIFICATION ON THE FACILITIES AVAILABLE FOR THE SAFETY

MEASURES IN ORGANISATION

S. No.

Facilities

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Safety training 15 18.3

2 Safety officers 50 61

3 Exit points 2 2.4

4 Safety devices 6 7.3

5 All the above 9 11

Total 82 100


30

Chart 4.5

CLASSIFICATION ON THE FACILITIES AVAILABLE FOR THE SAFETY

MEASURES IN ORGANISATION

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 61 per cent of the respondents have safety

officers for measures in the company, 18.3 per cent of the respondents have safety training,

11 per cent of the respondents have all the facilities for safety measures, 7.3 per cent of the

respondents have safety devices and 2.4 per cent of the respondents have exit points.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Safety training Safety officers Exit points Safety devices All the above

18.3

61

2.4

7.311

31

Table 4.7

CLASSIFICATION ON THE EMPLOYEES HAVING ADEQUATE

SAFETY DEVICES

S. No.

Employees having adequate

safety devices

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Yes 64 78

2 No 18 22

Total 82 100


32

Chart 4.7

CLASSIFICATION ON THE EMPLOYEES HAVING ADEQUATE

SAFETY DEVICES

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 64 respondents (78 per cent) having

adequate safety devices and the remaining 18 respondents (22 per cent) not having adequate

safety devices. It is evident from table that majority of the respondents having adequate

safety devices.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Yes No

78

22

33

Table 4.8

CLASSIFICATION ON THE UNDERGO SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM TO

FIGHT AGAINST FIRE

S. No.

Undergo Safety training program to

fight against fire

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Yes 42 51.2

2 No 40 48.8

Total 82 100


34

Chart 4.8

CLASSIFICATION ON THE UNDERGO SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM TO

FIGHT AGAINST FIRE

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 42 respondents (51.2 per cent) undergo

safety training program to fight against fire and the remaining 40 respondents (48.8 per cent)

not undergo safety training program to fight against fire. It is inferred from table that majority

of the respondents undergo safety training program to fight against fire.

47.5

48

48.5

49

49.5

50

50.5

51

51.5

Yes No

51.2

48.8

35

Table 4.9

CLASSIFICATION ON THE AWARENESS OF SAFETY COMMITTEE OR

SAFETY CELL

S. No.

Aware of safety committee or safety

cell

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Yes 59 72

2 No 23 28

Total 82 100


36

Chart 4.9

CLASSIFICATION ON THE AWARENESS OF SAFETY

COMMITTEE OR SAFETY CELL

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 59 respondents (72 per cent) have aware of

safety committee or safety cell and the remaining 23 respondents (28 per cent) have no aware

of safety committee or safety cell. It is inferred from table that majority of the respondents

have aware of safety committee or safety cell. It is evident from table that majority of the

respondents have aware of safety committee or safety cell.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Yes No

72

28

37

Table 4.10

CLASSIFICATION ON THE OFFICE FLOOR SURFACE IS MAINTAINED

AGAINST SLIPPERY

S. No.

Office floor surface is maintained

against slippery

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Yes 44 53.7

2 No 38 46.3

Total 82 100


38

Chart 4.10

CLASSIFICATION ON THE OFFICE FLOOR SURFACE IS MAINTAINED

AGAINST SLIPPERY

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 44 respondents (53.7 per cent) said office

floor surface is maintained against slippery and 38 respondents (46.3 per cent) said office

floor surface is not maintained against slippery.

42

44

46

48

50

52

54

Yes No

53.7

46.3

39

Table 4.11

CLASSIFICATION ON CLEANING OF FLOOR SURFACES

S. No.

Method used

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Wet mobbing 30 36.6

2 Others 52 63.4

Total 82 100


40

Chart 4.11

CLASSIFICATION ON CLEANING OF FLOOR SURFACES

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 52 respondents (63.4 per cent) said other

methods used for office floor surface is maintained against slippery and the remaining 30

respondents (36.6 per cent) said wet mobbing methods used for office floor surface is

maintained against slippery.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Wet mobbing Others

36.6

63.4

41

Table 4.12

CLASSIFICATION ON THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH THE SAFETY

MEASURES

S. No.

Level of satisfaction

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Highly satisfied 3 3.7

2 Satisfied 32 39

3 Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 8 9.8

4 Dissatisfied 20 24.4

5 Highly dissatisfied 19 23.2

Total 82 100


42

Chart 4.12

CLASSIFICATION ON THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH THE SAFETY

MEASURES

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 32 respondents (39 per cent) are satisfied

with the safety measures, 20 respondents (24.4 per cent) are dissatisfied with the safety

measures, 19 respondents (23.2 per cent) are highly dissatisfied with the safety measures, 8

respondents (9.8 per cent) are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with the safety measures and

the remaining 3 respondents (3.7 per cent) are highly satisfied with the safety measures. It is

evident from table that majority of the respondents are satisfied with the safety measures.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Highly satisfied Satisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied

Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied

3.7

39

9.8

24.423.2

43

Table 4.13

CLASSIFICATION ON THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH THE PURITY AT

DRINKING WATER

S. No.


No of Respondents

Percentage

1 Highly satisfied 9 11

2 Satisfied 23 28



5 Highly dissatisfied - -

Total 82 100


44

Chart 4.13

CLASSIFICATION ON THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH THE PURITY AT

DRINKING WATER

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 38 respondents (46.3 per cent) are neither

satisfied nor dissatisfied with the purity at drinking water, 23 respondents (28 per cent) are

satisfied with the purity at drinking water, 12 respondents (14.6 per cent) are dissatisfied with

the purity at drinking water and the remaining 9 respondents (11 per cent) are highly satisfied

with the purity at drinking water.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50


Dissatisfied

11

28

46.3

14.6

45

Table 4.14

CLASSIFICATION ON THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION IN HEALTH DEVICES

S. No.


No of Respondents

Percentage


2 Satisfied 15 18.3



5 Highly dissatisfied - -

Total 82 100


46

Chart 4.14

CLASSIFICATION ON THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION IN HEALTH DEVICES

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 34 respondents (41.5 per cent) are neither

satisfied nor dissatisfied in health devices, 28 respondents (34.1 per cent) are dissatisfied in

health devices, 15 respondents (18.3 per cent) are satisfied in health devices and the

remaining 5 respondents (6.1 per cent) are highly satisfied in health devices.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


Dissatisfied

6.1

18.3

41.5

34.1

47

Table 4.15

CLASSIFICATION ON THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH THE FACILITIES

REGARDING HEALTH MEASURES

S. No.


No of Respondents

Percentage


2 Satisfied 21 25.6




Total 82 100


48

CHART 4.15

CLASSIFICATION ON THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH THE FACILITIES

REGARDING HEALTH MEASURES

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 41 respondents (50 per cent) are neither

satisfied nor dissatisfied with the facilities regarding health measures, 21 respondents (25.6

per cent) are satisfied with the facilities regarding health measures, 17 respondents (20.7 per

cent) are dissatisfied with the facilities regarding health measures, another 17 respondents

(20.7 per cent) are highly dissatisfied with the facilities regarding health measures and only 3

respondents (3.7 per cent) are highly satisfied with the facilities regarding health measures.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50



3.7

25.6

50

20.7 20.7

49

Table 4.16

CLASSIFICATION ON THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH LIFTING TAKEN,

ROPES AND EQUIPMENT

S. No.


No of Respondents

Percentage


2 Satisfied 33 40.2




Total 82 100


50

Chart 4.15

CLASSIFICATION ON THE LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH LIFTING TAKEN,

ROPES AND EQUIPMENT

INTERPRETATION

From the above table it was inferred that 33 respondents (40.2 per cent) are satisfied

with lifting, ropes and equipments, 27 respondents (32.9 per cent) are neither satisfied nor

dissatisfied with lifting, ropes and equipments, 10 respondents (12.2 per cent) are dissatisfied

with lifting, ropes and equipments, another 10 respondents (12.2 per cent) are highly satisfied

with lifting, ropes and equipments and the remaining 2 respondents (2.4 per cent) are highly

dissatisfied with lifting, ropes and equipments.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Highly satisfied

Satisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied


12.2

40.2

32.9

12.2

2.4

51

AGE AND LEVEL OF SATISFACTION IN THE FACILITIES PROVIDED BY THE

ORGANIZATION REGARDING HEALTH MEASURES

Age is one of the determining factors which influences some effect in the level of

satisfaction in the facilities provided by the organization regarding health measures. Hence an

attempt has been made to know the level of satisfaction in the facilities provided by the

organization regarding health measures with age group of the respondents. Table represents

the details of relationship between age of the respondents and level of satisfaction in the

facilities provided by the organization regarding health measures.

Table 4.17

Relationship between age and level of satisfaction in the facilities provided by the

organization regarding health measures

S.

No. Age

Level of Satisfaction

Total Highly

satisfied Satisfied

Neither

satisfied nor

dissatisfied

Dissatisfied

1 45-55 0 6(7.3) 13(15.9) 5(6.1) 24(29.3)

2 25-35 2(2.5) 9(11) 24(29.3) 11(13.4) 46(56.1)

3 35-45 1(1.2) 6(7.3) 4(4.9) 1(1.2) 12(14.6)

Total 3(3.7) 21(25.6) 41(50) 17(20.7) 82(100)

In order to test whether there is any significant relationship between the age group and

their level of satisfaction in the facilities provided by the organization regarding health

measures, Chi-square test is applied with the null hypothesis that there is no significant

relationship between age of respondents and level of satisfaction in the facilities provided by

the organization regarding health measures. Table reveals the working of Chi-square test.

52

Table 4.18

Age and level of satisfaction in the facilities provided by the

Organization regarding health measures chi-square test

O E O-E (O-E)2 ( )

0 0.88 -0.88 0.77 0.88

6 6.15 -0.15 0.02 0.03

13 12 1 1 0.08

5 4.97 0.03 0.09 0.02

2 1.68 0.32 0.10 0.05

9 11.78 -2.78 7.73 0.66

24 23 1 1 0.04

11 9.50 1.50 2.25 0.24

1 0.40 0.60 0.96 2.40

6 3.07 2.97 8.82 2.87

4 6 -2 4 0.67

1 2.48 -1.48 2.19 0.88

Total 8.82

Degrees of freedom = (r-1) (c-1)

= (3-1) (4-1)

= 23

= 6

Calculated value of X2 = 8.820

Degrees of freedom =6

Table value of X2 at (5%) level = 12.600

Since the calculated value is less than the table value, the null hypothesis is accepted.

It shows that there is no significant relationship between age and level of satisfaction in the

facilities provided by the organization regarding health measures. Hence, age is not a

significant variable having relationship with the level of satisfaction in the facilities provided

by the organization regarding health measures.

53

Educational Qualification and Level of satisfaction in the facilities provided by the

organization regarding health measures

Educational qualification occupies an important role in each and every activities in

level of satisfaction in the facilities provided by the organization regarding health measures.

Hence an attempt has been made to analyze the level of satisfaction in the facilities provided

by the organization regarding health measures with educational qualification of respondents.

Table explains the level of satisfaction in the facilities provided by the organization regarding

health measures with educational qualification of respondents.

Table 4.19

Relationship between educational qualification and level of satisfaction in the facilities

provided by the organization regarding health measures

S.

No.

Educational

qualification

Level of Satisfaction

Total Highly

satisfied Satisfied

Neither

satisfied nor

dissatisfied

Dissatisfied

1 Primary school

level 1(1.2) 2(2.5) 3(3.7) 1(1.2) 7(8.5)

2 Secondary school 0 3(3.7) 13(15.9) 7(8.5) 23(28)

3 HSC 0 7(8.5) 5(6.1) 3(3.7) 15(18.3)

4 Graduate 2(2.5) 9(10.9) 20(24.4) 6(7.4) 37(45.1)

Total 3(3.7) 21(25.6) 41(50) 17(20.7) 82(100)

In order to test whether there is any significant relationship between the educational

qualification and their level of satisfaction in the facilities provided by the organization

regarding health measures, Chi-square test is applied with null hypothesis that there is no

significant relationship between educational qualification and level of satisfaction in the

facilities provided by the organization regarding health measures among respondents. Table

reveals the working of Chi-square test.

54

Table 4.20

Educational qualification and level of satisfaction in the facilities provided by the

organization regarding health measures chi-square test

O E O-E (O-E)2 ( )

0 0.84 -0.84 0.71 0.84

3 5.89 -2.89 8.35 1.42

13 11.50 1.50 2.25 0.19

7 4.77 2.23 4.97 1.04

0 0.55 -0.55 0.30 0.55

7 3.84 3.16 9.99 2.60

5 7.50 -2.50 6.25 0.83

3 3.11 -0.11 0.01 0.03

2 1.28 0.72 0.52 0.41

9 8.96 0.04 0.02 0.02

18 17.50 0.50 0.25 0.01

6 7.26 -1.26 1.59 0.21

Total 8.16

Degrees of freedom = (r-1) (c-1)

= (4-1) (4-1)

= 33

= 9

Calculated value of X2 = 8.16

Degrees of freedom =12

Table value of X2 at (5%) level= 16.900

Since the calculated value is less than the table value, the null hypothesis is accepted.

It shows that there is no significant relationship between educational qualification and level

of satisfaction in the facilities provided by the organization regarding health measures.

Hence, educational qualification is not a significant variable having relationship with the

level of satisfaction in the facilities provided by the organization regarding health measures.

55

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION

5.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

75.6 per cent of the respondents are male and the remaining 24.4 per cent of the

respondents are female.

56.1 per cent of the respondents are in the age group of 25 to 35 years, 29.3 per cent

of the respondents are in the age group of 45 to 55 years and the remaining 14.6 per

cent of the respondents are in the age group of 35 to 45 years.

87.8 per cent of the respondents are married and the remaining 12.2 per cent of the

respondents are unmarried.

45.1 per cent of the respondents are graduates, 28 per cent of the respondents are

secondary school educational qualification, 18.3 per cent of the respondents are HSC

educational qualification and the remaining 8.5 per cent of the respondents are

primary school level educational qualification.

57.3 per cent of the respondents are earning monthly income of Rs.3000-6000, 25.6

per cent of the respondents are earning monthly income of Rs.9000-12000, 13.4 per

cent of the respondents are earning monthly income of Rs.6000-9000 and the

remaining 3.7 per cent of the respondents are earning monthly income of below

Rs.3000.

61 per cent of the respondents have safety officers for measures in the company, 18.3

per cent of the respondents have safety training, 11 per cent of the respondents have

all the facilities for safety measures, 7.3 per cent of the respondents have safety

devices and 2.4 per cent of the respondents have exit points.

64 respondents (78 per cent) having adequate safety devices and the remaining 18

respondents (22 per cent) not having adequate safety devices.

42 respondents (51.2 per cent) undergo safety training program to fight against fire

and the remaining 40 respondents (48.8 per cent) not undergo safety training program

to fight against fire.

59 respondents (72 per cent) have aware of safety committee or safety cell and the

remaining 23 respondents (28 per cent) have no aware of safety committee or safety

cell.

56

44 respondents (53.7 per cent) said office floor surface is maintained against slippery

and 38 respondents (46.3 per cent) said office floor surface is not maintained against

slippery.

52 respondents (63.4 per cent) said other methods used for office floor surface is

maintained against slippery and the remaining 30 respondents (36.6 per cent) said wet

mobbing methods used for office floor surface is maintained against slippery.

32 respondents (39 per cent) are satisfied with the safety measures, 20 respondents

(24.4 per cent) are dissatisfied with the safety measures, 19 respondents (23.2 per

cent) are highly dissatisfied with the safety measures.

38 respondents (46.3 per cent) are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with the purity at

drinking water, 23 respondents (28 per cent) are satisfied with the purity at drinking

water, 12 respondents (14.6 per cent) are dissatisfied with the purity at drinking water

and the remaining 9 respondents (11 per cent) are highly satisfied with the purity at

drinking water.

34 respondents (41.5 per cent) are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied in health devices,

28 respondents (34.1 per cent) are dissatisfied in health devices, 15 respondents (18.3

per cent) are satisfied in health devices and the remaining 5 respondents (6.1 per cent)

are highly satisfied in health devices.

57

5.2 SUGGESTIONS

More safety and health programmes should be conducted in order to make the

awareness towards employees.

The organization should want to concentrate in slippery against floor in order to

reduce slippery.

First aid boxes should want to exposes well and want to be maintained once in 90

days.

Use of fire extinguish should want to be taught to employees in order to fight

organization.

Fire alarm should want to set up in the organization.

The ambulance facilities and medical officers should want to be appointed in order to

reduce death of employees.

Improvements are also needed in health measure in order to maintain the good health

of employees.

Provide well equipped health equipments in order to maintain satisfactory level of

employees towards health measures in the organization.

Improvements are also needed in safety measures in order to maintain the safety of

employees.

Provide well equipped ropes and equipments in order to maintain the satisfactory

level of employees in the organization.

Organization should want to concentrate in providing good health drinking water and

set up of drinking water should want to be away from the production area.

58

5.3 CONCLUSION

It is concluded from the study that the employees are satisfied with the safety and

health measures provided by the organization. Safety and health measures helps in keeping

the morale and motivation of the employees high so as to retain the employees for longer

duration.

59

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS

T.S.Reddy & Hari Prasad Reddy, Industry Relations, Margam Publications, Delhi.

S.P.Iyengar, Management Relations, Sultan Chand & Sons, Delhi.

B.M.Lall Nigam & I.C.Jain, Job Satisfaction, Prentice Hall of India, Delhi.

G.C. Beri, Safety Measures in Industries, Tata MC Graw.Hill Co. Ltd., Delhi.

C.B Mamoria, Personnel Management, Himalaya publishing House, Delhi.

David A.Decenzo, Personnel Management and Human Resource Management,

Himalaya publishing House, Delhi

P. C Tripathi, Industry Relation and Personnel Management, Tata McGraw Hill

Publishing, Delhi.

Faragher E B, Cass M and Cooper C L. The relationship between job satisfaction

and health: a meta-analysis. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing, Delhi.

Haslam C, Perceptions of the impact of depression and anxiety and the medication

for these conditions on safety in the workplace, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing, Delhi.

Kothari.C.R. Personnel Management, Vishwa Prakashan publications, New Delhi.

WEBSITES

www.tifac.org.in

www.ijrmbss.com/assets/pdf/Vol2Iss1/22.pdf

www.nitte.edu.in/journal/September%202013/APSOK.pdf

60

A STUDY ON LABOUR SAFETY AND HEALTH MEASURES IN DEVI SPINNING

MILLS PVT. LTD., MUTHULAPURAM, THOOTHUKUDI

QUESTIONNAIRE

1. Name :

2. The respondents of gender

a) Male b) Female

3. The respondents of age

a) 25-35 b) 35-45

c) 45-55

4. The respondent of marital status

a) Married b) Unmarried

5. Educational qualification

a) Primary school level b) Secondary school

c) HSC d) Graduate

6. The respondents of monthly income

a) Below Rs. 3000 b) 3000-6000

c) 6000-9000 d) 9000-12000

7. The facilities available for the safety measures in organization

a) Safety training b) Safety officers

c) Exit points d) Safety devices

8. The employees having adequate safety devices

a) yes b)No

9. The undergo safety training program to fight against fire

a) Yes b) No

61

10. The awareness of safety of committee or safety cell

a) Yes b) No

11. The office floor surface is maintained against slippery

a) Yes b) No

12. The cleaning of floor surfaces

a) Wet mobbing b) others

13. The level of satisfaction with the safety measures

a) Highly satisfied b Satisfied

c) Dissatisfied d) Highly dissatisfied

14. The level satisfaction with the purity at drinking water

a) Highly satisfied b) satisfied

c) dissatisfied d) highly dissatisfied

15. The level of satisfaction in health devices

a) Highly satisfied b) Satisfied

c) Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied d) Dissatisfied

16. The level of satisfaction with the facilities regarding health measures



17. The level of satisfaction with lifting taken, ropes and equipment



Documents

A STUDY ON LABOUR SAFETY AND HEALTH MEASURES IN DEVI SPINNING MILLS PVT. LTD., MUTHULAPURAM, THOOTHUKUDI