A study of tourist inflow in Tamilnadu 2001-2012 – A GIS ... · PDF fileA study of tourist inflow in Tamilnadu 2001-2012 – A GIS based study Mahamad S., Latha G., Manikandan N.,

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMATICS AND GEOSCIENCES

Volume 5, No 2, 2014

© Copyright by the authors - Licensee IPA- Under Creative Commons license 3.0

Research article ISSN 0976 – 4380

Submitted on October 2014 published on November 2014 312

A study of tourist inflow in Tamilnadu 2001-2012 – A GIS based study Mahamad S., Latha G., Manikandan N., Chandrasekar V

Department of Geography, Presidency College, Chennai

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

In the rapidly changing global economic scenario, tourism is considered to be one of the

largest and fast growing industries. Tamil Nadu remains an all-season destination for

tourists – backpackers heading for the beaches, the city-bred searching for that rural

experience, the devout seeking spiritual solace in myriad temples, the ones bound for hill

stations to escape the blazing sun, or those arriving for treatment. In the rapidly changing

global economic scenario, tourism is considered to be one of the largest and fast growing

industries. The occupation of tourism is providing very useful and fruitful avenues

especially to those people who are engaged in tourism activities because through this

smokeless industry, they are not only enhancing their standard of living but also generating

income and employment opportunities. In the contemporary era of globalization and

industrialization, the whole world has shrunk into a global village. The tourism has played a

very decisive role to transform the world into a globalized economy where all nations can

exchange free trade and culture and share their interest of mutual benefits based on tourism

industry. India is one of the major destinations of the foreign tourists particularly the state

of Tamil Nadu which has a rich cultural heritage among the Indian states. All over the

world, the tourists are visiting it due to its climatic, scenic beauty and ecological resources.

The major centers of tourist attraction in the state are Chennai, Kanchipuram,

Mahabalipuram, Trichy, Pondicherry, Thanjavur Madurai, Rameshwaram and

Kanyakumari. The research paper deals with the analysis of tourism Arrivals in Tamil Nadu

state and also growth rate Tamilnadu tourism in 2012 the paper suggests important

measures to promote the tourism in the state of Tamil Nadu.

Keywords: Tourism, Indian tourist, Tourism growth, GIS.

1. Introduction

Tourism is a complex industry that involves a broad range of business, organizations and

government agencies working together at different levels to deliver a complete tourism

experience. Each party in the chain contributes to the overall holiday experience of the

customer from initial destination marketing through to the ground level experience.

Tourism is a collection of activities, services and industries that delivers a travel

experience, including transportation, accommodations, eating and drinking establishments,

retail shops, entertainment business, activity facilities and other hospitality services

provided for individuals or groups travelling away from home. The World Tourism

Organization defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their

usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other

purposes”.

1.1 Tamilnadu tourism

A study of tourist inflow in Tamilnadu 2001-2012- A GIS based study

Mahamad S et al.,

International Journal of Geomatics and Geosciences 313

Volume 5 Issue 2, 2014

Tamil Nadu is a state in the south-eastern part of the Indian Peninsula. One of the four

Dravidian states of India, it has had more than 4,000 years of continuous cultural history.

Tamil Nadu has some of the most remarkable temple architecture in the country, and a

living tradition of music, dance, folk arts and fine arts. Tamil Nadu is well renowned for its

temple towns and heritage sites, hill stations, waterfalls, national parks, local cuisine and

the fabulous wildlife and scenic beauty. The state boasts the largest tourism industry in

India with an annual growth rate of 16%. In 2013, the number of domestic arrivals was at

244.2 million making the state the most popular tourist destination in the country, and

foreign arrivals amounted to 3.99 million, the second-highest in the country, and the

combined aggregate gives it the most popular state for tourism in the country.

2. Scope of the study

The present study has brought out the importance of tourism in study area and the

identification of tourist arrivals of various districts in Tamilnadu.

2.1 Aim and objectives

To analyses the foreign and domestic tourist arrivals in Tamilnadu and to find the growth

rate of Tamilnadu tourism from 2001 to 2012.

3. Methodology

Mainly used on the secondary data for the study .The secondary data collected from tourism

department in Tamilnadu .And other relevant data have been collected from various

government published data.

3.1 Techniques used

Data are analyzed in simple statistical and cartographic methods for representing the details

associated with tourism, accommodation, tourist facilities, tourism arrivals and transport.

Bar charts are used to show the tourist visit.

3.2 Limitation of the study

Tourism is a new industry and there is an extreme paucity in the published data. Therefore

with available secondary data from the tourism department only the selected districts for

various analyses have been under taken. The researcher confined the study only to Tamil

Nadu tourism based on secondary data. Due to the limitations of time and the dearth of

data, many important analyses have not been carried out in this study.

3.3 Tourist arrivals in Tamilnadu

Tamil Nadu stands second next to Maharashtra in Foreign tourist arrivals, and third in

domestic Tourist Arrivals and Minister. The Minister attributed the increase in the flow to

aggressive promotion and marketing campaigns, creation and up gradation of basic

amenities and infrastructure at tourist spots have resulted in the increase. He noted, Vision

2023 envisages an investment of Rs 10,000 crore in Tourism and Hospitality sectors

through Government and Private investments by 2023. The foreign tourist arrivals targeted

for 2023 is 15 million tourists. The Number of tourist arrival in the state rose by 34.1 per


Mahamad S et al.,



cent in 2012 to 187.6 million from 140 million. Meanwhile, to boost the sector further the

Government is formulating a new Tourism Policy and to take up Rs 500 crore worth

project, with Asian Development Bank (ADB's) assistance. The Minister for Tourism,

Tamil Nadu Government said that tourist arrivals in 2012 was 187.6 million, includes 184.1

million domestic and 3.5 million foreign tourists, as compared to 140 million (includes

136.7 million and 3.3 million foreign) in 2011 and 105.8 million in 2010 includes 103

million and 2.8 million domestic and foreign tourists respectively.

3.4 Foreign tourist arrivals in selected districts of Tamilnadu in 2001 – 2011

Table 1: Source: Tamilnadu Tourism Development Corporations

S.No. Disruict

Foreign

Tourists

2001

Foreign

tourists

2006

Foreign

tourists

2011

1 Chennai 300979 564780 1159076

2 Vellore 2442 8600 20467

3 Kancheepuram 109389 182158 448443

4 Thiruvallur 7433 13326 20783

5 Cuddalore 7848 12409 25335

6 Udhagamandalam 62958 117699 443630

7 Thanjavur 29401 49625 100443

8 Nagapattinam 4447 9833 18264

9 Madurai 63685 99970 250272

10 Dindugal 50541 85991 554231

11 Ramanathapuram 5421 7849 23674

12 Tirunelveli 2844 3145 1771

13 Thoothukudi 7173 53861 33044

14 Kanniyakumari 51209 81639 150102

15 Tiruchirappalli 47508 1992 197237

16 Selam 2320 3265 2228

17 Dharmapuri 520 9356 8643

18 Coimbatore 12594 21341 63244

19 Tiruvannamali 4361 8822 62371


Mahamad S et al.,



Figure 1: Tamil Nadu Foreign tourist arrival

The table reveals the arrivals of foreign tourist in India from 2011 – 2011. It has been

clearly seen that the foreign tourist has clearly increasing year by year. As Chennai is

leading one 1159076 in 2011. As Chennai has the airport facilities due to this it has been

core place for the travelers to visit Chennai and continue their trip from Chennai to

remaining south Tamilnadu. Which is being followed by Kancheepuram and Nilligiri

Districts. Kancheepuram has been famous for variety of tourist spots including Temples,

Beaches (Mahaballipuram), Bird life sanctuaries, and the Nilligiri district is famous for its

natural beauty and hill stations. Lowest parts of foreign tourist arrival will be Dharmapuri

and Vellore district. The year 2011 has highest increase in tourist as government had made

many policy which suites the foreign travelers, the best one which includes (VOA) Visa on


Mahamad S et al.,



Arrivals. The table 2 reveals the domestic tourist arrival in Tamilnadu from 2001 – 11. It

shows that Chennai receives largest number of domestic tourist arrivals of 15944360

followed by Madurai 8827226, Thiruvannamalai 4412876, Udhagamandalam 7560651 and

Dindigul 14426441. The lowest arrival of domestic are in Vellore 1002384, followed by

Dharmapuri 883744. Majority of Tamilnadu domestic arrivals has the pilgrimage visit as

Tamilnadu is famous for its Temples and festivals. Remaining of the visitor occur in the

summer season when tourist visit the hill stations and beaches. As there is high level of

improvement in the state which we can be seen in the map.

Table 2: Domestic arrivals in selected districts of Tamil Nadu in: 2001 – 2011

S.No Districts Domestic

Tourists

2001

Domestic

Tourists

2006

Domestic

tourists

2011

1 Chennai 4361559 7312540 15944360

2 Vellore 30514 51058 1002384

3 Kancheepuram 1381906 2354635 6785520

4 Thiruvallur 663914 826806 2308096

5 Cuddalore 262309 331594 2524587

6 Udhagamandalam 1836685 3386549 7560651

7 Thanjavur 988609 1745603 3515617

8 Nagapattinam 624785 994610 3374030

9 Madurai 2323432 4000476 8827226

10 Dindugal 3009119 3259126 14426441

11 Ramanathapuram 1553784 2434661 4004654

12 Tirunelveli 485472 639683 8884051

13 Thoothukudi 1324918 1798399 7646187

14 Kanniyakumari 1423195 1552726 4462426

15 Tiruchirappalli 1177074 1954136 3309706

16 Selam 692196 1051489 4451939

17 Dharmapuri 45942 216175 883744

18 Coimbatore 1002593 1515374 3882226

19 Tiruvannamali 624037 3789081 4412876


Mahamad S et al.,



Figure 2: Domestic arrivals in Tamil Nadu

4. Growth of Tamil Nadu tourism

The state assertions the second largest tourism industry in India annual growth In 2012,

Tamil Nadu occupied the second slot in the country in terms of domestic as well as foreign

arrivals. The Tamilnadu Tourism Development Corporation (TTDC) was incorporated in

1971 with the main object of promoting tourism in Tamilnadu by building tourism related

infrastructure facilities on commercial basis. TTDC made a modest beginning by taking

over 5 Govt. bungalows and operated 2 coaches. It has made rapid strides since then and

today it has earned the proud distinction of owning the longest chain of hotels in south

India numbering 55. The fleet of coaches has increased to 20. TTDC is providing the

following facilities for the benefit of the tourists covering all the major tourists’ destination

in the state. With 14 tourist officers within Tamil Nadu, size outside the state, and 19

tourists information centers, the department of tourism, Tamil Nadu, efficiently functions in

Chennai to promote and guide the tourists. State Institute of Hotel Management and

Catering Technology Thuvakudi, Trichy has been functioning with the support of this

department. Besides celebrating fairs and festivals to attract tourists and implementing the

projects of the Centre as well as the state government for the benefits of tourists visiting the

state, the tourism department also offers concessions and incentives by way of subsidies to


Mahamad S et al.,



hotel projects. Through publicity promotion and marketing wing, concerted efforts have

been taken to attract more tourists and through advertisements in various media.

4.1 Tourist arrivals growth rate in Tamil Nadu -2001-2012

The following table shows increasing trend of domestic and foreign tourists arrivals of

Tamilnadu from 2001 to 2012 it has shown well growth of Tamilnadu tourism .in 2001the

growth rate is 3.4 of tourist’s arrivals in domestic and foreign. It has increased up to 2004

whereas it shows a decreasing rate in 2005, but in 2005 the growth rate has boosted up to

21 % and it reaches 34 % of growth rate in 2012.

Table 3: Tamil Nadu tourism development corporations

Year Domestic Foreign Growth rate

(%)

2001 23812043 773073 3.4

2002 24661754 804641 3.6

2003 27059002 901504 9.8

2004 30076832 1058012 11.4

2005 32339478 1179319 7.7

2006 39214721 1335661 21

2007 50647188 1753103 29.2

2008 62618252 2040419 23.4

2009 78037607 2369050 24.4

2010 103010435 2804504 31.6

2011 136750750 3308438 32.4

2012 184136840 3561740 34

Figure 3: Growth rate

5. Summary and conclusion

Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement of people to destination outside the places

where they normally live and work and their activities during the stay at each destination. It

includes movements for all purposes. In 1981, International Association of Scientific

Experts in Tourism defined Tourism in terms of particular activities selected by choice and


Mahamad S et al.,



undertaken outside the home environment. The researcher confined the study only to Tamil

Nadu tourism based on secondary data. Due to the limitations of time and the dearth of

data, many important analyses have not been carried out in this study. As this dissertation

work is devoted to carrying out the research work on growth rate of tourism, tourist arrivals

of Tamilnadu. The study region is one of the most attractive & pertinent states of India

having immense potential for the development of different kinds of tourism. The entire

region which is geographically very vast, offers a wide range of tropical beaches with silver

and golden sands. The Tamilnadu, which is southernmost state of the Indian union. The

Tamilnadu it is the second place of tourism in India. The districts vises tourist rank in

Tamilnadu such as Chennai, Dindigul, Madurai, Kanchipuram, Uthagamandalam, Thanjure

And Thirunelveli. The tourists spots the tourist arrivals to these center from 2001 to 2012

are calculated and mapped using GIS.

Infrastructure facilities live accommodation and transport is well developed in the state.

Indian airlines connected the state with the other main cities with regular in air services.

Tamil Nadu, especially its coastal areas are unique and priceless treasure of India with

tourism point of view. Accommodations is the key element in the tourism product and an

essential component of tourism .the world tourism organization’s definition of a tourist

presupposes that the tourist must spend at least one night in the destination visited .this

definition indicates a central role that accommodations play an vital role in tourism.

Accommodation, which caters to domestic and international tourist, is an important input

which follows in to overall tourism system. Tamil Nadu has a transportation system that

connects all parts of the state. Tamil Nadu is served by an extensive road network,

providing links between urban centers, agricultural market-places and rural areas. The

major road junctions are Chennai, Trichy, Madurai, Tuticorin, Coimbatore, Salem, Karur,

Krishnagiri, Dindigul, Kanniyakumari. Tamil Nadu has a well-developed rail network as

part of Southern Railway. This kind of infrastructure attracted the tourists. The study region

has been significantly successful in its tourism efforts in creating a key platform for both

domestic and foreign traffic. The entire region has vast untapped potential in tourist and its

allied sectors and there is a lot of scope for its future development and promotion. The

domestic tourist arrivals of Tamilnadu to Chennai 15944360 fallowed by Dindugal

14426441, Thirunelveli 8884051, and Madurai 8827226 and Udhagamandalam 756065.

The Foreign tourist arrivals in top three districts in Tamilnadu such as Chennai 1159076,

Dindigul 554231 and Kanchipuram 448443. The state assertions the second largest tourism

industry in India with an annual growth rate of 16%. In 2012, Tamil Nadu occupied the

second slot in the country in terms of domestic as well as foreign arrivals.

6. References

1. Agrawal S.P. and Gupta M., 2002., Information India: 1997-98 and 1998-99, Global

View, Concept Publications, New Delhi.

2. Anon annual plan (Draft) Tamil Nadu 2005-2006, State planning commission,

(2004-2005).

3. Anon, Tourism policy note 2005-2006, tourism department, Govt. Tamil Nadu,

(2005).

4. Bansal S.P., 2001., Tourism development and its impact, Shri Sai printographers,

Delhi.

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A study of tourist inflow in Tamilnadu 2001-2012 – A GIS ... · PDF fileA study of tourist inflow in Tamilnadu 2001-2012 – A GIS based study Mahamad S., Latha G., Manikandan N.,